Sap business intelligence 4.0 report basic

Business Objects Interactive Analysis - Basic

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Course Duration: 2 Days

Course Coverage: Module 1: Introduction to Interactive Analysis Reporting Module 2: Creating Interactive Analysis document Module 3: Formatting document Module 4: Working with Charts Module 5: Analyzing Data

Next Step? Business Objects Advanced Reporting


Module 1: Introduction to Interactive Analysis Reporting

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Module Objectives

In this module we will be learning about Need of Reporting Tools Launch Pad Portal Launch Pad Features Working with Launch Pad Refreshing a document Sharing documents Open documents Options in view mode

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Introduction to Reporting

Reports provide information about the various activities of the Organization Reports can be used to analyze current or historical data SAP Business Objects Interactive Analysis tool enables user to create, modify or

refresh the reports Interactive Analysis reports support web driven reporting and analysis It can be used to generate report in following formats:

Tables Crosstabs Parent child Charts Web Pages

Interactive Analysis reports can be created using Launch Pad portal.

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Introducing Launch Pad Portal

Launch Pad is a SAP Business Objects business intelligence (BI) portal that collects a company’s BI information and presents it in a secure, focused, and customizable view to users.

It allows user to interact with the Business Objects centralized repository to manage corporate documents or personal documents.

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Launch Pad : Features

Fast information retrieval: Easy category classification Powerful search Storage for all document types. Document Pinning

Timely and secure information access: Tabular Launch Pad view Customized home tab for easy navigation Document-level security Profile-based administration.

Enterprise-wide collaboration: Browser-based alert notification Scheduling Launch all available application

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Working with Launch Pad

Launch Pad has two Tab.

1. Home

2. Documents

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Refreshing Document

A user has to refresh an existing report to display the latest data. Interactive Analysis report executes the query (defined in the document) and fetch

the result from the database and returns the updated values to the report(s) in the document.

Interactive Analysis documents can be refreshed in two ways, On open

• It re-executes the query every time the report is opened and provides up to date report. • However, It affects the overall system performance too.

Manually• A user needs to click on Refresh Data button to re-executes the query and update the

report data.• It does not cause any performance problem, however, it does not provide up to date report

by default.

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Sharing document

Sharing of document can be achieved using send option. When the document is sent to another user it goes to the receiver’s Inbox.

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Open Document

Two Ways to open document,

1. To open document for launch pad right click on document name and click on view

2. Double click on document to open in view mode.

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Features Available

Multiple View and Design Options•View

HTMLPDF

•DesignWith DataStructure Only

Export OptionsExport Document asExport Current report asExport data to CSV

Send OptionsSend to MailSend to UserSend to FTP

History Options will show all the instances of scheduled report.

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Summary

In this module we have learned about Why Reporting Tools are needed Became familiar to Launch Pad Portal Understood the Launch Pad Features How to work with Launch Pad How to Refresh a document Sharing documents Open documents Options in view mode

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Lab Activity

Do exercise Lab activity1.


Module 2: Creating Interactive Analysis document

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Module Objectives

In this module we will be learning about What is a query and why to write it Understand the sources How to build a query using Interactive Analysis Understanding query properties to improve performance Creating the first Interactive Analysis report Adding document level filters Adding document level prompts How to multiple prompts Data preview How to add report filters

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What is a Query?

You write a query to get business value from the data A query is one or more SQL statements that request data from database. With Interactive Analysis Query manager, one does not have to know SQL. Queries are based on Universes and can be built by combining objects in the universe.

The universe translates the objects presented in the business language into SQL. If the data is available then the requested data is returned by default in the form of a

table.

Why to build a Query? To answer business questions that requires data from database. The query is a way to ask the database for information.

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Sources

1. No data source

2. Universe

Includes .UNV and .UNX.

3. Bex

Create reports on Bex query directly

4. Analysis View

Create report on Analysis view created on advance analysis

Here we can select universe created in universe designer i.e. UNV or universe created in Information Design Tool i.e. UNX

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Building Query

Query can be built using Query Panel.

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Query Properties – Optimizing Query Performance

Data Retrieve duplicate rows Retrieve empty rows

Limits Max rows retrieved Max retrieval time

Security Allow other users to edit all queries

Prompts To change the prompt order

Contexts Reset contexts on refresh Clear contexts

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Creating First WebI Report

Drag required objects from universe outline window to result objects pane.

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Adding document level Filters

Document level filters are used To retrieve only the data needed to answer specific business question. To limit the data based on their user profile. To minimize the quantity of data returned to the document to optimize performance.

Filters are applied to Queries by adding filter conditions in the Query Filter pane. Filters could either be

Pre-defined • Created at the time of creating universe by designer

User-defined• Created by user, while creating report

Filters can also be implemented as prompts (Dynamic filters).

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Adding Pre-defined Filters

Predefined filters can be added by dragging them from Data Pane to Query filters pane.

Predefined filters are re-usable

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Adding User Defined Filter

User defined filter, needs to have Object, Operator and value. Note: User defined filters are non re-usable

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Adding Document Level Prompts

A prompt is a dynamic filter that displays a prompt window every time you refresh the data in a document. You can answer prompts by either typing or selecting the value(s).

Prompts allows customization, where users can choose a set of values to retrieve a different sub-set of the database information and display it in the same report.

Prompts could be created at universe creation time (also called predefined prompts), or it could be created at document level (called as User defined prompts)

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Adding Predefined Prompt

Predefined prompts can be added, by dragging them to query filters pane. A prompt window will appear when a user clicks on Run Query button.

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Adding user defined Prompt

To create a prompt, you need to specify three elements: a filtered object an operator a prompt message

For example, to prompt users to select a specific year, you define a prompt on the [Year] dimension.

Note: You can create multiple prompts on a document.

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Creating a Prompt

Make sure you are in a query view Make sure the Query Filters pane is visible, then select the question which you

want to create a prompt, by clicking appropriate query tab From data tab drag the object on which you want to apply a prompt and drop into

Query Filters pane. Click the arrow next to the list box below Operator and then select operator from

drop down list Under Operand Type select Prompt Overwrite default prompt message. Check different prompt option(s) to define how

the prompt display. Default option is Prompt with List of Values Click OK to confirm the prompt.

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Prompt Properties

Allows to define a report-level prompt as “Optional”

Default values for a report-level prompt can be set

User Universe Parameter created in Information Design Tool.

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Prompt Window (in Run mode)

When you run the query or refresh the document data, Interactive Analysis displays the prompts.

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Applying Multiple Prompts

You can apply multiple prompts to a single query so that users accessing the same Interactive Analysis document can limit the data as per their specific business interest.

The following section tells you how to: combine multiple prompts combine prompts within other query filters prioritize the order of prompts

Create prompts first

Make sure that the Show/Hide Filters pane button on the Query toolbar is pressed in. You can view the prompts on the query in the Query Filters pane. By default Interactive Analysis combines the prompts with the And operator.

Note: You can change the priority of Prompts

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Data Preview

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Report Filters

Report filters is used to limit the results on a Report. The data you filter out remains within the Interactive Analysis document; though it

is not displayed in the report tables or charts. You can change or remove report filters in order to view the required values,

without modifying the query definition behind the document, hence gives good performance during analysis.

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Summary

In this module we have learned about Available sources How to build a query using Interactive Analysis Significance of Query properties to improve performance Process of creating first Interactive Analysis I report Applying document level filters & prompts How to add multiple Prompts Data Preview How to add report filters

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Lab Activity

Do Lab activity 2.


Module 3: Formatting document

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Module Objectives

In this module we will learn about: Block types Interactive Analysis Panels Adding Tables to Report Formatting tables & Cells Setting up Page Layout for Tables Adding Page Header and Footer and Adding Images Working with Formulae & Functions Working with Sections Working with Breaks Working with Crosstab Rule Sorting Enhanced Copy Paste Show / Hide block

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Understanding block types

Interactive Analysis support two types of Block1. Table

2. Chart (We will discuss charts in coming module)

Interactive Analysis generates a new report with a table block and standard formatting. This initial table includes all of the data in the query behind the document.

Table contents can be edited, formatted or can be turned into a different table type or block type like chart.

The different table templates which can be used to display information on Interactive Analysis reports are:

Vertical tables Horizontal tables Cross tabs Forms

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Vertical Tables

Vertical tables display header cells at the top of the table and the corresponding data in columns.

By default, the header cells display the names of the dimensions, details, and measures included in the table.

The body cells display the corresponding values.

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Horizontal tables

Horizontal tables display header cells at the left of the table and the corresponding data in rows.

By default, the header cells display the names of the dimensions, details, and measures included in the table.

The body cells display the corresponding value This table format is useful for reports with several measures, such as financial

reports and balance sheets.

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Cross tabs – Single Dimension

Cross tabs display values for dimensions across the top axis and on the left axis.

The body displays the values of a measure that correspond to the cross-section

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Cross tabs – Multiple Dimension

This cross tab displays three dimensions – two as column headers and one as row header

The values for the [Sales Revenue] measure are values each state by quarter for each line.

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Forms

Forms are useful in your report to display detailed information per customer, product, or partner.

Forms are also useful for formatting address labels for envelopes.

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Interactive Analysis Panels

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Adding tables to Report

One or multiple tables can be inserted on a report by dragging one of the following tables onto a blank area of the report.

Select the required objects and drag and drop on reports workspace area to add new vertical table.

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Adding tables to reports Cont…

To add another object to the table, drag another object from the data tab and place it to the left or right of the existing column header

A second column appears before or after the first column. The new column header displays the name of the object

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Duplicating tables

Multiple tables can be included on a single report. Instead of creating each table from scratch, duplicate an existing table and paste it

onto a blank area of the same report.

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Applying a different template to existing tables

Modify the layout of existing tables by applying a different template. Interactive Analysis automatically displays the values in the original table in the new layout.

Turning a vertical table to a cross tab to compare sales results per state

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Adding or removing table rows or columns

Different ways to add row or column

1. Adding rows or columns to tables using drag

and drop

2. Adding table rows or columns using the Insert

row or column toolbar menu

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Moving columns

Moving rows or columns : Drag the selected column or row and drop it before or after another column or row on the table.

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Swapping Table Column

Swapping table columns Drag the selected column or row onto the column or row with which it has to be

swapped.

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Clearing cells

Clearing cell menu Clear All: Clear All will clear data with formatting Clear format: Will remove formatting only Clear Conditional Formatting : Removes conditional formatting from cell (if any) Clear Contents : Will clear column content.

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Removing tables from reports

Different ways to remove table

Right click on table and click on delete option

Using drag-and-drop table to available object pane.

Select table and press Delete key from keyboard.

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Formatting tables and table cells

Format tables and cells on tables so that the look and feel of documents reflects corporate standard.

The following formatting options are available: table or cell background – select colors, skins, and images table or cell borders – select line styles and colors cell text – define fonts, font sizes, and font styles cell size – specify the height and width of cells spacing within and between table cells – padding and spacing

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Setting properties for table headers and footers

By default, Interactive Analysis tables display: a header on each column or row no table footers

However, you can set the following properties for table headers and footers: Show or hide headers and footers Repeat the headers or footers on every report page Add headers to cross tabs to display the names of the objects for which the cross tab

displays values Add table headers or footers

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Setting page layout for tables

You can set the page layout for each page in a Interactive Analysis report. You can do the following:

Start each table on a new report page Avoid page breaks on a table Repeat table headers or footers on report pages

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Avoiding duplicate row aggregation

Interactive Analysis automatically aggregates any rows that display the same set of dimensions. This is because by default the measure object property is set as “Sum”. Below example shows a table that displays revenue by resort and quarter

If you remove resort from the table, Interactive Analysis displays the revenue column with a sum of all resorts for each quarter.

To avoid this,

In the Designer measure object property needs to be set as “None”.

In Interactive analysis check “Avoid duplicate row aggregation” property.

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Adding Page Header and Footer

Page Header and Footer are used to provide some specific type of information like: Company Name, Logo and last refresh date Company copyright information and Page number information Image can be added by adding a Blank cell from Report element. A footer normally have the copyright message and Page number information

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Adding Images

You can insert Image as a skin or image as a background into the following parts of a report In the report area In the report header or footer area In a section area In a table In a table cell (s) As a Blank cell

Including image using Blank cell is a very common practice

Image as a skin gets automatically adjusted to fit in available space. It needs to be available on Server.

While using Image from URL option, type the file name of the image. (Interactive Analysis inserts the HTML tag boimg:// before the file name and links to the image file on a corporate web server). Image needs to be available on Server.

Image from file option allows local image file to be used in a report.

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Working with Formulae and Functions

Formulae allow to have custom calculations beside base objects Formula gets re-calculated when the user refreshes the report Formulae can be used to create new variables.

=[Margin] / [Quantity sold] can be used as Margin per Unit

Functions are pre-defined formulae. Example: Sum(Sales Revenue)

Open formula editor

Create variable

Clear changes

Validate formula

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Adding Formula

A formula can be added by using the Formula Editor to build the formula.

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Creating Variables

Variable is nothing but a named formula

It can be re-used throughout the document

Variables can be used to build tables and charts

Variables cannot be used outside the document

Variable can be created by using a Variable Editor or by naming an existing formula.

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Functions

A function is an operation that receives zero or more values as input and returns output based on those values.

For example, the Sum function totals all the values in a measure and outputs the result =Sum(Sales Revenue)

To use a function you need to know about: It’s name how many input values it requires (Input parameters) with data types type of data that the function returns as output

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Function Categories

Category Description

All All the functions for all the categories listed below in this table.

Aggregate Aggregates data (for example sum or average)

Character Manipulates character strings

Date and Time Returns date or time related output

Document Returns data about a document

Data Provider Returns data about a document’s data provider

Logical Returns TRUE or FALSE

Numeric Returns numeric data

Misc Functions that do not fit into the above categories

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Working with Sections

Section: Section divide the data inside tables into groups based on the dimension on which section is created

A sections consists of SECTION CELL and SECTION itself. The SECTION CELL is a free-standing cell that displays a value for a selected dimension for

given section. A SECTION can contain one or multiple tables, charts, or forms. The tables, charts and forms on

a section only contain data that corresponds to the value in the section cell.

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Creating Sections

Sections can be created by two ways,1. Select column and click on Report Element -> Tool -> Set as section

Or

2. Right click on dimension column in table block and click on Set as Section You can create a report with one section and multiple sub-sections.

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Working with Breaks

A break is a logical division in a table in which data is grouped according to a selected value into self-contained. These parts are represented as small tables.

Breaks automatically removes the repeating values and display data as a group. Break also support sub breaks. Break has 2 main advantages:

1. You can more efficiently organize your data for presentation

2. You can display subtotals

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Working with Crosstab

Crosstabs display values for dimensions across the top axis and on the left axis. The body displays the values of a measure that correspond to the cross-section of

the dimensions. To create a crosstab you need to have:

Minimum two dimension objects and minimum 1 measure object Select the column which has to be put on the top axis of the Crosstab. Drag it near the header of the table, and drop the column when the message “Drop

here to create a crosstab” is displayed.

Note: Crosstab report does not display column headings

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Rule

Conditional formatting enables you to highlight results or change formatting based on data.

You can apply conditional formatting to the following elements: Columns in a vertical table Rows in a horizontal table Cells in forms and cross-tables Section headers Free-standing cells

You can define conditional formatting rules to activate the following formatting changes:

Text color, size and style Cell border colors and style Cell background display – specific colors, images, or hyperlinks to web pages

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Sorting

You can apply sorts to the values displayed in tables, sections and charts to organize

the order in which values are displayed in a report.

Following sort orders are availableDefault

Ascending numeric order for numeric data Ascending chronological order for date Chronological order for months Alphabetical order for alphanumeric data

Ascending When selected, results are arranged in ascending order: The smallest value at the top of the column

moving to the highest value at the bottom.

DescendingWhen selected, results are arranged in descending order: The highest value at the top of the column

moving to the smallest value at the bottom.

CustomYou define your own sort order.

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Enhanced Copy Paste

Reuse report elements across documents (charts, tables, queries, variables)

Enhanced Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V and Drag & Drop Complex formatting is maintained Target document gets updated to include

necessary query data and variables

Lower TCO as complex report components do not have to be recreated in each documentReplace “starting from scratch” workflows with a report part “templating” approach

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Show/Hide Feature

Hide any of the following Tables and charts Sections Free standing cells Dimensions, details, variables

Row & columns

Comes with three options Hide always Hide if empty Hide when…

User define their condition from a formula

Focused on in-place workflows Show content

Show hidden elements from containingelement

Hidden elements are grayed on report structure

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Show/Hide Feature

Value for document designers Increases report formatting capabilities while report design is eased

• No longer necessary to shrink cells and change color…

Any formatting applies on hidden objects

• Sorts, breaks, ranks…

Improves report readability

• Improved data layout

• Only required data is displayed

Objects are kept hidden when report element is modified Drilling report element with hidden objects

• Hidden levels are skipped

Inserting hidden object to report element

• Unhides object

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Summary

In this module we will learned about: Various block types available Understand Interactive Analysis Panels How to Add Tables to Report Available Formatting options for tables & Cells How to Setup Page Layout for Tables Importance of having Page Header and Footer Adding Images as logos Importance of Formulae, Variables & Functions Difference between Sections & Breaks How to create Crosstab report How to set rule and sort Understand extended copy paste functionality Understand Show / Hide Feature

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Lab Activity

Do Lab Activity 3.


Module 4: Working with Charts

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Module Objective

In this module we will learn about: What is Chart? Types of Charts available under Interactive Analysis Chart creation process Removing an existing chart Setting up chart formatting options

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Introduction to Charts

Interactive Analysis offers standard chart formats to present data graphically. Interactive Analysis supports following chart template

Bar / Column charts : good to show the Comparative analysis Line charts: good to show trends or comparison over a period Surface charts: good to show levels Pie charts: good to show contributions Radar, polar, and scatter charts: Special purpose charts Other charts link MAP, Tag Cloud.

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Bar / Column Chart

Bar / Column charts display data in bar form, either vertically or horizontally. Bar / Column charts are useful if you want to compare similar groups of data; for example one time period to another. Types of Bar / Column Chart:

Bar Chart : • Bar Chart, • Stacked Bar Chart, • 100% Stacked Bar Chart

Column Chart : • Column Chart, • Column Chart with Dual Axis, • Column Chart and line Chart, • Stacked Column Chart, • 100% Stacked Column Chart, • 3D Column Chart

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Surface and Line chart

Line charts connect specific data values with lines, either horizontally or vertically.

Line charts are useful if you want to show trends or changes in data over time.

Two Types of line chart are, Line Chart Line Chart with Dual Axis

Surface charts are line charts in which the area between the lines and axis are filled in. Surface charts are useful to emphasize the size of the total data in a report, as opposed to the changes in the data.

You can use more than one measure object on the Y-axis as long as the measures are of the same type and scale.

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Pie chart

Pie charts display data as segments of a whole. Pie charts are useful to show how each part of report data contributes to the total.

You can only include one measure object in a pie chart. If you have several measures in your report, you should choose another chart type.

Types of pie charts: Pie Chart, Pie with Variable slice depth, Donut Chart

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Point and Radar charts

In radar charts, the X- and Y-axis connect at the chart’s center. Radar charts are useful if you want to look at several different factors related to one item.

For example, you could use a radar chart to display revenue data for different services within a hotel. On one axis, you could display revenue for the rooms. On another you could display revenue for the restaurant, and so on.

Scatter charts are similar to line graphs, except that the data points are plotted without a line connecting them. Scatter charts are useful if you want to make a comparison between specific data points.

Types of Point charts: Scatter , Bubble, Polar scatter, Polar bubble

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Creating chart

A report can have one or more charts One can create a chart while building a new document or insert charts into an

existing document. To create a chart, you need to follow three steps:

Select a chart template based on requirement Allocate dimensions and measures to the chart axes View the results displayed on the chart

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Turn To a chart

To change the table data into chart, right click on table and select Turn into option. Select the chart template from predefined or select on more transformations. Format the chart using Format chart as per the requirements.

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Removing charts

Right-click the chart and click Delete

Drag it back to the Available objects pane

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Formatting Chart: Global

A chart can be formatted based Global features like:

General• General formatting for size,

Display, Orientation etc…

Area Display• Which area want to display in

chart.

Data Values• Formatting about data value

display.

Palette and Style• Formatting about look, color

palette, Marker, Chart series style etc…

Other formatting for background , boarder and layout.

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Formatting Chart: Title & Legend

Formatting features respect to title of the

graph like General, Layout, Text, Background

and Borders

Formatting features respect to Legends

Design

Formatting for spacing , orientation, text, background and border.

Title

Options like visibility, Layout, Text, Border and background

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Formatting Chart: Axis

Category Axis for matting options as, Design

• Visibility , orientation, label display, color options and Text.

Title• Visibility, Title label type, Spacing, Text,

Border and Background

Category Axis for matting options as, Design

• Visibility , stacking, Scaling, Layout, text and Number

Title• Visibility, Title label type, Spacing, Text,

Border and Background

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Summary

In this module we have learned about: What is Chart and why charts are used. Types of Charts available under Interactive Analysis Chart creation process How to Remove an existing chart Various chart formatting options availability

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Lab Activity

Do Lab Activity 4


Module 6: Analyzing Data

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Module Objectives

In this module we will learn about: Understanding the need of scope of Analysis How to setup scope of Analysis Drilling into the report Drilling options such as Drill Down, Drill Up and Drill by How to set preferences for Drilling The Impact of scope of analysis on Performance.

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Understanding Scope Of Analysis

The scope of analysis determines the number of levels the user can drill down on a hierarchy even if the lower levels are not selected by the user as part of the report.

Predefined – the scope of analysis is the same for each dimension in the report.• e.g.: if you set the scope of analysis at two levels, each dimension in the report will contain

additional data two levels down. Customized – you specify the dimensions in each class to which you want to be able

to drill. Setting a custom scope of analysis reduces the length of time it takes Interactive Analysis to run the query or refresh the reports.

Level Description

None Only the objects that appear in the Results Objects pane are included in the query.

One level down Two levels down Three levels down

For each object in the Results pane, one, two, or three objects lower down the hierarchy tree are included in the query. The data from these objects is stored in the cube until you add them to the document.

Custom All objects added manually to the Scope of analysis panel are included in the query.

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Setting up scope of analysis

Scope of Analysis pane can be activated from edit query window. In Query view, click Show/Hide Scope of Analysis Pane button

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Drilling into the Report

Drilling down is the process of analyzing the data from summarized level to detailed level. Drill up moves in the reverse order

It enables the user to analyze the data from different dimensions and different level of details

Drilling happens based on the default hierarchy or objects defined in scope of analysis pane

In case the scope of analysis entries are missing, then every drill request results in fresh query writing and its execution. This slows down the process of analysis

Drilling can happen on: The same report The duplicate report

Drilling preferences can be set by the user.

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Drill Down, Drill Up & Drill By

There are three drill options available1. Drill down

Enables you to go down to lower levels of detail within an existing hierarchy

2. Drill up Enables you to go up to higher levels, only after you drilled down initially.

3. Drill by Drill by is used to explore data by other dimensions that exist in the document but that are

not currently displayed in the report

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Drill down Report

Below mentioned output will show the drilled down output. The output shows drilling is happening on the same report.

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Understanding Performance Issues

Including scope of analysis will slow down report generation or refresh process. Multiple levels for scope of analysis in a document increases the document size

significantly. This is because the data necessary for the defined scope is saved with the

document, even though it is not visible in the reports. In order to minimize the size of documents and optimize performance, its

recommend to only include a scope of analysis in documents where you are certain that users will need to drill.

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Summary

In this module we will learned about: The need of scope of Analysis and how to set the scope of Analysis The process of drilling into the report Various drilling options such as Drill Down, Drill Up and Drill by Significance of setting preferences for Drilling The Impact of scope of analysis on Performance.

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Lab Activity

Do Lab activity 5

Sap business intelligence 4.0 report basic

Technology

launch pad launch pad

energies open document

interactive analysis

formatting document

document types

report data

energies module objectives

export options export