Safety

Safety measures in clinical Safety measures in clinical laboratorylaboratory

M.DeepaM.Deepa

SAFETY MEASURES IN CLINICAL

LABORATORY

SAFETY MEASURES IN CLINICAL

LABORATORY

-M.DEEPA-M.DEEPA

IntroductionIntroduction

The safety and wellbeing of students, The safety and wellbeing of students, staffs and faculty come above all other staffs and faculty come above all other considerations in the laboratories in any considerations in the laboratories in any teaching and treating institute. This is not teaching and treating institute. This is not only a moral duty, failure to do so can only a moral duty, failure to do so can constitute legal groundsconstitute legal grounds for negligence suite.for negligence suite.

Various safety issuesVarious safety issues

Personal safetyPersonal safetyBiological safetyBiological safetyChemical safetyChemical safetyFire safetyFire safetyElectrical safetyElectrical safetyRadiation safetyRadiation safetyLaser safetyLaser safety

Personal safetyPersonal safety

HygieneHygieneEye protectionEye protectionFoot protectionFoot protectionSkin protectionSkin protectionHand protection – usage of glovesHand protection – usage of gloves

Face shield Protective shoes

Gloves Apron

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Biological safetyBiological safety

Prevent contactPrevent contactWhat to do after accidental contactWhat to do after accidental contact

-wash with soap and water-wash with soap and water

-Rinse eyes with water-Rinse eyes with water

-Rinse mouth with water-Rinse mouth with water

-Needle prick- rush to nearest hospital-Needle prick- rush to nearest hospital

Washing eyes Washing mouth

Washing hands

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Chemical safetyChemical safety

General measuresGeneral measures

-Avoid overhead storage of -Avoid overhead storage of hazardous materialshazardous materials

-Use approved flammable refrigerator-Use approved flammable refrigerator-Store chemicals by category-Store chemicals by category-Store mutually reactive chemicals separately-Store mutually reactive chemicals separately-Date ethers and peroxide forming compounds-Date ethers and peroxide forming compounds-Stench compounds stored in ventilated storage -Stench compounds stored in ventilated storage cabinetscabinets

Minor chemical splash on skinMinor chemical splash on skin-Wash the affected area in sink-Wash the affected area in sink

-Flood with cold water for 15 min-Flood with cold water for 15 min

-Get medical assistance-Get medical assistance

-Do not attempt to neutralize it in site-Do not attempt to neutralize it in site

Large chemical splash on skinLarge chemical splash on skin-Call for medical assistance-Call for medical assistance

-Get to the safety deluge shower-Get to the safety deluge shower

-Flood the area with cold water-Flood the area with cold water

-Do not attempt to neutralize it in site-Do not attempt to neutralize it in site

Fire safetyFire safety Safety suggestions for handling electrical equipmentsSafety suggestions for handling electrical equipments

-Do not spill flammable liquids -Do not spill flammable liquids

-Avoid temporary wiring-Avoid temporary wiring

-Replace defective cords-Replace defective cords

-Keep equipments in good working condition-Keep equipments in good working condition

Safety suggestions for handling combustiblesSafety suggestions for handling combustibles-Limit the amount of combustibles in laboratory-Limit the amount of combustibles in laboratory

-Store combustibles at least 18” below ceiling-Store combustibles at least 18” below ceiling

-Enforce “NO SMOKING”-Enforce “NO SMOKING”

Safety suggestions for handling flammable Safety suggestions for handling flammable liquidsliquids

-Limit the quantity of storage-Limit the quantity of storage

-Use only approved containers-Use only approved containers

-Label all the containers-Label all the containers

-When pouring liquids from -When pouring liquids from

large can, ground the can to large can, ground the can to

reduce development of static chargereduce development of static charge

Electrical safetyElectrical safety

Differently shaped plugDifferently shaped plug Protection from static electricityProtection from static electricity Fused adequately to prevent damage in power failureFused adequately to prevent damage in power failure High voltage equipments labeled clearlyHigh voltage equipments labeled clearly Check wiring periodicallyCheck wiring periodically Avoid long cables along floorAvoid long cables along floor Use terminal strips for connectionsUse terminal strips for connections Particular attention to heating bath, magnetic power cordsParticular attention to heating bath, magnetic power cords Fraying of wires is hazardousFraying of wires is hazardous Equipments with bad cords should be taken to electronicsEquipments with bad cords should be taken to electronics

Radiation safetyRadiation safety Concept of ALARAConcept of ALARA Monitoring individuals with Luxel OSL (optically Monitoring individuals with Luxel OSL (optically

stimulated luminescence) badge, a film badge or a stimulated luminescence) badge, a film badge or a TLD (thermo luminescent dosimeter) badgeTLD (thermo luminescent dosimeter) badge

Radiation safety principles;Radiation safety principles; Time:Time: Shorter exposure time means a lower dose.Shorter exposure time means a lower dose. Distance:Distance: Doubling the distance from a radiation source means Doubling the distance from a radiation source means

one-fourth the dose rate. Tripling the distance gives one-ninth one-fourth the dose rate. Tripling the distance gives one-ninth the dose ratethe dose rate

Shielding: The use of appropriate shielding greatly reduces the Shielding: The use of appropriate shielding greatly reduces the dose rate. The material used and thickness of the shield dose rate. The material used and thickness of the shield depends on the source of the radiation.depends on the source of the radiation.

Guidelines for safe use of radioactive Guidelines for safe use of radioactive materials in labmaterials in lab

Eating, drinking and smoking must be prohibitedEating, drinking and smoking must be prohibited Avoid working with open woundsAvoid working with open wounds Mouth pipetting must be avoidedMouth pipetting must be avoided Protective gloves should be wornProtective gloves should be worn Remote handling device should be usedRemote handling device should be used Hands should be washed thoroughly after useHands should be washed thoroughly after use Personnel monitoring badges should be wornPersonnel monitoring badges should be worn Separate disposal of radioactive materialsSeparate disposal of radioactive materials

Caution

Remote handling device

Film badge

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Good house keeping should be maintained Good house keeping should be maintained Meter surveys should be conducted periodicallyMeter surveys should be conducted periodically Spills should be preventedSpills should be prevented Liquid spills should be cleaned up with absorbent Liquid spills should be cleaned up with absorbent

materialsmaterials Keep uninvolved persons outKeep uninvolved persons out Spill clean up;Spill clean up; Wear protective clothingWear protective clothing Clear form outer to inner spill area in circular fashionClear form outer to inner spill area in circular fashion All cleaning materials should be disposed laterAll cleaning materials should be disposed later

Laser safetyLaser safety

Laser is defined as any device which produces Laser is defined as any device which produces an intense, coherent, directional beam of light an intense, coherent, directional beam of light by stimulating electronic or molecular by stimulating electronic or molecular transitions to lower energy leveltransitions to lower energy level

Guidelines for safetyGuidelines for safetyAllow only trained personnelAllow only trained personnelMinimize the number of personnelMinimize the number of personnelAppropriate eye protectionAppropriate eye protectionAvoid using beam paths that are at eye levelAvoid using beam paths that are at eye level

Where feasible, use low power visible laserWhere feasible, use low power visible laserTerminate laser beams and specular reflectionTerminate laser beams and specular reflectionBlock specular reflections as close as possibleBlock specular reflections as close as possibleReduce the use of high power laser to Reduce the use of high power laser to

minimumminimumUse beam shutters to block high power beamsUse beam shutters to block high power beamsAvoid directing beam towards doorways and Avoid directing beam towards doorways and

windowswindowsThe beam must never be intentionally stared The beam must never be intentionally stared

directly to eyesdirectly to eyes

ConclusionConclusion

Ideas must work through the brains and the Ideas must work through the brains and the arms of knowledged and skilled men and arms of knowledged and skilled men and women like us. Let us follow the safety women like us. Let us follow the safety measures sincerely in our day today laboratory measures sincerely in our day today laboratory activities and we shall set a safe and a activities and we shall set a safe and a protective work place. protective work place.