Router & functionality

Router And it’s functionality

Name – Mohd AmjadCSB

Roll Number 120101138

•It is a Specialized computer that connect two or more than two networks

Network 1

Network 2

Router

Internetworking with a Router

IEEE 802.3Sub-network IEEE 802.5

Sub-network

PC-NFSSub-network

Router

• Router having a software that allows the router to move the data from one network to another network.

• Hardware software.• Routes the packet fastly in comparison of software

router.

• It generate a table to route the packet for it self and that table is called routing table.

• With the help of that table it transfer the data packet from one network to another network.

Router: Network Layer

Router Operate At the 3rd Layer of OSI Model that is Network Layer.

• Several companies that makes the router that are :

Types of Routing

• Routing is a way in which the best path find out by the router to transfer the data packet from one network to another and keep that path in the routing table.

• Static (Default)• Dynamic

Static Routing

• Routing table updating is manual.• Static routing is good for small network

infrastructure.• Flexibility is not there.• Admin interfere is high.

Dynamic Routing

• Routing table updating is Automatic • Dynamic routing is good for mid to large

network infrastructure.(more than 5 or more than 5).

• Flexibility is there.• Admin interfere is low.

Router Act as a DHCP

• Dynamic host configuration protocol.

IP AddressIP Address

IP Address

IP Address

• This IP address configuration can be done by two ways.

• Manual• Dynamic or Automatic.

• DHCP allocate IP address to the network host.• So that they can communicate on an IP

network.• It makes Admin work easy.• DHCP is not a Computer. • Router act as a DHCP.

IP AddressIP Address

IP Address

Router as a Default Gateway

Routing Algorithm

• The Goal of a routing algorithm is to create and maintain a routing table, which is the current list of the best ways to reach any other networks or devices reachable by that device.

• Routing algorithm is a dynamic Approach.

• Set of all optimal routes from: Source to a given destination

These are the algorithms we have for Routing

• Shortest Path Routing• Distance Vector Routing• Link State Routing• Hierarchical Routing• Broadcast Routing• Multicast Routing• Routing for Mobile Hosts• Routing in Ad Hoc Networks

There are certain properties that each algorithm have:

1. Correctness2. Simplicity3. Robustness4. Stability5. Fairness6. Optimality