ROMA per Kyoto Sustainable energy and other measures to achieve Kyoto target in a Mediterranean Climate Local Renewables Freiburg 2007 Freiburg im Breisgau,

ROMA per KyotoSustainable energy and other measures

to achieve Kyoto target in a Mediterranean Climate

Local Renewables Freiburg 2007Freiburg im Breisgau, 13 June 2007

Claudio BaffioniCity of Rome – Dept. X Environmental Policies

[email protected]

The context: Rome- surface 1.285 (Km2)- residents 2,8 (ml)- road network 5.000 (Km)- vehicles 2,4 (ml) cars 1.900.000 2 wheels 450.000 delivery of goods 150.000- daily trips 6,1 (ml)

-The historic and cultural heritage-The status of Italian Capital City-Government and Institutions-The Vatican City-The Attitude (85 vehicles/100 citizens)-The Tourists (>23 millions per year)-Tourist coaches: 200.000 per year

Rome and…

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Rome green and historical

system:83.000 ha total

area: 129.000 ha

Agricultural areas

in green system

63.000 ha

Arrone - Galeria

Castel Porziano

Vejo

Marcigliana

Appia Antica

Litorale Romano

Aniene

Leading a sustainable growth

In 2005 Rome reached 94,3 million euros GDP+6,8% in 2001 – 2005, compared to the national average growth rate of 1,4%

Rome points to a social cohesion strategy: to bridge the poverty gap by improving social inclusion and cohesion in 2005 were spent 1,8 billions euros in environmental projects aimed at restoring suburban areas, involving the living conditions of one million citizens in 13 zones.

Employment Rate Growth+13,7% in 2001 – 2005, compared to the national average growth rate of 4,7%

Economical Growth

Strategic actions to save energy and to implement renewable energy have to be well integrated in a high level policy framework

1. Environmental Action Program (EAP)A Strategic Program for Sustainable Development of Rome

2. Forum of Local Agenda 21 of Rome

3. Town-planning Scheme (TPS)

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An EAP for Rome

The City of Rome decided to adopt an EAP:

*To define goals, tools and processes for environmental sustainability in Rome;

* To improve the coordinated action for environmental policies in the City Council;

* To reinforce processes and actions for communication and participation of citizen.

Energy Policies are a chapter of EAP. Among their main topics we would like to underline the reduction of the energy consumption and the increase of renewable energy use

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EAP and Local Agenda 21 in Rome

In 1997 was prepared a draft version of EAP containing the strategies for sustainable development defining general and operative goals, the tools and the way to implement, the monitoring of the action

Representatives of the communities in Rome had a share in the Forum with a consultative function on the guideline of EAP and to define the participative strategies

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EAP and TPS

Topics concerning air, energy, water, waste are integrated into the new town-planning scheme (TPS) of Rome.

Infact, TPS is a Sustainable Urbanistic Plan where air, earth, water are environmental resources to preserve and to regenerate.

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City Council adopted the Environmental Action Plan in 22th of September 2002 and the town-planning scheme in 20th March of 2003

In this context an important role is played by the Agency of the City of Rome for the sustainable use of energy, RomaEnergia

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Rome and climate change mitigation actions

  Climate change is, without doubt, the main long-term challenge at global and local level.

  The objective is to define an action plan for the City of Rome that identifies the methods required to achieve the 6.5% reduction (Italy’s objective) by 2012 and specifically the emissions that can be attributed to the City of Rome, compared to the city’s 1990 emission levels

  In the framework of the Kyoto Protocol commitments, the City of Rome has in aim to drawn up a strategy to safeguard climate against human activities impacts.

The tool is the project “Roma per Kyoto”, co-funded by European Commission in the framework of LIFE Environmemt Program

The Action Plan is based on:

• quantifying the reduction by assessing emissions from 1990 to 2012. The starting point to evaluate the emission was the ICLEI CCP campaign, implemented in Rome by RomaEnergia, appropriately extended to the time series 1990 – 2012 to build up the reference scenario

Reference ScenarioIt analyses how energy trends could evolve were Rome to implement a set of policies and measures that the City is

currently considering to adoptWe implement the Reference Scenario based on Town-Planning

Scheme

The Action Plan is based on:

•identifying the reduction strategies through structural actions (use of the “sinks”, electric power from Renewable Energy Sources, energy savings in final uses, management of solid waste disposal, sustainable mobility measures)

•implementing “Pilot Actions” within a Municipio (e.g. City District: Rome is divided in 19 Municipios) and/or on the Departments of the City Administration, in order to check the effectiveness of measures related to estimates and forecasts made in the Plan

•involving the stakeholders to implement a participative process constructing the Plan and distributing the public information through meetings, events and Internet networks

CO2 88,6% CH4 11,2% N2O 0,2%

GREENHOUSE GASES EMMISSIONS (ROME 2002)

19%

11%

34%

26%

1%7%

2%

Civil Uses Transports Tertiary

Waste Industry Energy

Agriculture

Transport and Mobility

Household and Commercial Sectors

Energy

Waste

Rome approach: Integration into a unique picture…

… involving the Stakeholders with the Voluntary Agreement !

From the problem to the solution: an example.the Plan for Transport and Mobility until 2012.

Traffic Demand Management (Urban traffic Masterplan, PT priority,

access limitations, area pricing)

New “Hard” Mobility Infrastructures (Underground and Urban Rails)

New “Mobility Corridors” and Reserved Lanes (Surface Transport)

Fleet Renewal & Monitoring (bus and cars, towards lower emissions)

Technologies and ITS for management, monitoring and enforcement

Sustainable Mobility (EC CIVITAS Initiative) package (car sharing,

car pooling, mobility soft measures, awareness)

Evolution of PT infrastructural offer

2006 2012

Urban railways (km) 112 123 (+10%)

Underground (km) 36 47 (+30%)

Bus Corridors (km) 13 130 (+900%)

Rail Network (km) 206 395 (+190%)

Stops (n.) 365 586 (+160%)

Seats/km (ml) 5,8 8,2 (+140%)

Investment Plan of 3.000 Millions Euro

CO2 from mobility until 2012

•…results within a ± 6% band•…results within a ± 6% band

100

102

104

106

108

110

112

114

116

118

120

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Anni

Nu

me

ri i

nd

ice

Main solutions for mobility are infrastructural

BUT…..

1. Energy SavingTo replace traditional lamps by LED in traffic

lights(75.000 lamps in Rome, e.g. 25.000 switched

on all the day)saving ~ 2kWh per day per lamps

e.g. cut more than 10 kt CO2 per year

Main solutions for mobility are infrastructural

BUT…..

2. Using bio fuels for public fleetTo replace till 20% of traditional fuels by bio

fuels for all the public buses in Rome e.g. cut about 30 kt CO2 per year

CO2 emission from Household …

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

1988 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013

CO

2 E

mis

sio

ns

(in

dex

nu

mb

er)

.. and from Commercial Sectoruntil 2012

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

1988 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013

CO

2 em

issi

on

(in

dex

nu

mb

er)

The Town Council Resolution of February 2006:

“From 2008 in public buildings and in new private buildings, the 30 % of total energy requirements have to be provided by utilizing renewable energetic sources. The 50 % of primary energetic requirements for sanitary hot water have to be assured by utilizing renewable sources.”

Energy Saving Strategy….

And for public buildings (e.g. schools, public offices, …) ….

photovoltaic plans installed for about 160 kWp

Economic growth matchs with increasing emission of commercial sectorThe reduction of emissions in this sector, other than the building interventions, will need important operating measures

We decided to use a participated processSome subjects (now 36 members) among companies,

trade associations, energy companies, trade-union organizations, environmental agencies signed a

Voluntary Agreement to exchange information and to decide together a bouquet of proposal to take out the

elements to write the Action Plan

The first result is the sharing and approval of emission estimate from 1990 to 2012

1.024,113.045,612.021,512.857,2Gross Emissions

-89,6154,2243,8260,7Agricolture

2,6387,6385,0411,8Industry

-69,71018,81088,51164,2Energy

-869,0253,01.122,01.200,0Waste

1.362,83.105,41.742,61.863,7Commercial

701,24.444,53.743,34.003,6Transport

5,73.987,13.981,44.258,2Residential

Distance from the objective

2012 (Present Status)

2012(Kyoto objective)

1990Sectors

Sinks ….

Rome has cultivated fields for 63.000 ha (about 50% of whole territory)

Rome is the largest agricultural Capital in Europe

Rome will plants 500.000 new trees in five years and will double trees in public areasto increase the sinks in Rome (e. g. to cut about 9 kt CO2 per year))and to develop actions for the use of biomasses

Last remarks

We can use different parameters to implement cost / benefit analysis but…

The long term costs are minimal compared to the costs of inactivity

The correct cost / benefit analysis must consider economical, environmental and social costs to implement the sustainable development analysis

Thank You !!!!!