Robotics. When You Hear the Word “Robot”, what do you imagine?

RoboticsRobotics

When You Hear the Word When You Hear the Word “Robot”, what do you imagine?“Robot”, what do you imagine?

Definition of “Robot”Definition of “Robot”

• According to The Robot Institute of According to The Robot Institute of America (1979) : America (1979) : "A reprogrammable, multifunctional "A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a motions for the performance of a variety of tasks." variety of tasks."

Real RobotsReal Robots

Some That You Can Some That You Can Experiment WithExperiment With

So, What Is a Robot?So, What Is a Robot?

• A device that moves and responds to A device that moves and responds to sensory input.sensory input.

• Robota is the Czech word for forced labor Robota is the Czech word for forced labor • Robotics introduced by writer Isaac Robotics introduced by writer Isaac

Asimov: Asimov: I, RobotI, Robot– A robot may not injure a human being, or, A robot may not injure a human being, or,

through inaction, allow a human being to through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. come to harm.

– A robot must obey the orders given it by A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. would conflict with the First Law.

– A robot must protect its own existence as A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Lawwith the First or Second Law

Artificial IntelligenceArtificial Intelligence

• The branch of computer science concerned with The branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. making computers behave like humans. – games playing:games playing: programming computers to play programming computers to play

games such as chess and checkers games such as chess and checkers – expert systemsexpert systems :: programming computers to make programming computers to make

decisions in real-life situations decisions in real-life situations – natural languagenatural language :: programming computers to programming computers to

understand natural human languages understand natural human languages – neural networksneural networks :: Systems that simulate intelligence Systems that simulate intelligence

by attempting to reproduce the types of physical by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains connections that occur in animal brains

– roboticsrobotics :: programming computers to “ programming computers to “see”see” and “ and “hear”hear” and react to other sensory stimuli and react to other sensory stimuli

So, How Does It Work?So, How Does It Work?

AgentsAgents

• What is an agent?What is an agent?

• Perceives environment using sensorsPerceives environment using sensors– Acts on environment with actuatorsActs on environment with actuators

• PerceptsPercepts– Agent’s inputs at any given timeAgent’s inputs at any given time

Agents?Agents?

Sensors and ActuatorsSensors and Actuators

• Sensors receive: camera and video Sensors receive: camera and video images, keyboard input, etc.images, keyboard input, etc.

• Actuators act on the environment:Actuators act on the environment:– Robotic arm, wheel movement etc.Robotic arm, wheel movement etc.

Up To DateUp To Date

Autonomous FlyingRobot at UC, Irvine

Millipede Projectat Nanyang University

More Current ProjectsMore Current Projects

Robotic Lawn MowerPrototype by the Robot Shop

Projects cont.Projects cont.

EcologicalData Collection

EME Systems

Undersea ResearchHarbor Branch

Institute

JP AerospaceTest Launch

Mars RoverMars Rover

More About MovementMore About Movement

How IR WorksHow IR Works

• Infra means below: infra-red is light Infra means below: infra-red is light that has a lower frequency, or longer that has a lower frequency, or longer wavelength than red lightwavelength than red light

• Infrared light is used to illuminate the Infrared light is used to illuminate the robot's path and determine when the robot's path and determine when the light reflects off an objectlight reflects off an object

• Used: detect black and white, Used: detect black and white, distance of objects, ovoid objects and distance of objects, ovoid objects and ledgesledges

Think HeadlightsThink Headlights

• When light from headlights reflects off of When light from headlights reflects off of obstacles, your eyes detect the obstacles obstacles, your eyes detect the obstacles any your brain processes them and any your brain processes them and makes your body move the carmakes your body move the car

• Infrared LEDs emit light Infrared LEDs emit light • If light reflects off of an obstacle, then If light reflects off of an obstacle, then

the infrared receiver “sees” the reflected the infrared receiver “sees” the reflected lightlight

• The bot can then “decide” what to doThe bot can then “decide” what to do

ExamplesExamples

LEGO MindstormsLEGO Mindstorms

Robotics Invention System Robotics Invention System 2.02.0

So You Want To Be a Robot?So You Want To Be a Robot?

I Need A VolunteerI Need A Volunteer

On With The ShowOn With The Show