rkm2015

Are we alone in the Universe?

Dr. Ankan Das

Indian Centre for Space Physics

Creation of Universe

H-R diagram

Habitable Zone

Frank-Drake Equation

Com

plexit

yof

Lif

e

Year (in Crore)

N= (1-7) x (0.2-0.5) x (1-5) x1 x 1 x(0.1-0.2)x L

N~L

N varies between 103-108

Origin of Life on Earth

From out side

Life evolved here

Murchison Meteorite

Cartoon diagram of the initial phase of Earth

Millers Experiment

Some types of Extremophile

1. Acidophile

2. Alkaliphile

3. Halophile

4. Anaerobe

5. Thermophile

Black Smookers @350 oc Tube Worm

Probable candidates in our solar system

Europa

Planned mission to Europa

Titan

Mars

Curiosity

MOM

Found in Antrarctica and believed to be fromMars. it might contain evidence for microscopicfossils of Martian bacteria based on carbonateglobules observed.

Let us go out from our Solar system

Astrometry

Process of detecting extra-solar planets

Transit Method

Radial Velocity method

After the discovery of Gliese 581g, it is believed thatit is more habitable

Search for Intelligent Life

In 1974, Arecibo Radio Telescope sent one message alongM13 Globular cluster which is 25,000 light year away!Freq=2.380GHz, df=10Hz, power=1000kW, 210 bytes, 1679digits, 3 min.

Signal contains 1679 digits = 23 x 73 all in binary format

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

----------------------

0 0 0 1 1 1 1 00 00 00

0 1 1 0 0 1 1 00 00 10

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 01 11 01

X X X X X X X X X X

1 6 7 8 15

----------

0 0 0 1 1

0 1 1 0 1

0 1 1 0 1

1 0 1 0 1

X X X X X

H C N O P

Second Part

Deoxyribose Adenine Thymine Deoxyribose

(C5OH7) (C5H4N5) (C5H5N2O2)(C5OH7)

Phosphate Phosphate

(PO4) (PO4)

Deoxyribose Cytosine Guanine Deoxyribose

(C5OH7) (C4H4N3O) (C5H4N5O) (C5OH7)

Phosphate Phosphate

(PO4) (PO4)11000

10000

11010

XXXXX

-----

75010

Third Part

H C N O P

7 5 0 1 0C5OH7

11

11

11

11

11

01

11

11

1111 1111 1111 0111 1111 1011 0101 1110 (binary)

01 = 4,294,441,822 (decimal)

11

01

11

10

11

11

01

X

Fourth Part

^|

|

| X011011

111111

left: X0111 right: 110111

111011

| 111111

| 110000

v

1110 (binary) = 14 (decimal)

000011 111111 110111 111011 111111 110110 (binary)

= 4,292,853,750 (decimal)

Fifth Part

Wavelength 126mm

Height=14 * 126=1764mm =5.78 feet

Earth

Sun Mercury Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

Sixth Part

bottom two rows: 100101

100101 111110 (binary) = 2,430

(decimal)= 306.18 m

Seventh Part

Message sent on 2008just after the discoveryof Gliese 581 C.Message contains 501text messages andimages and expected toreach on early 2029.

A Message from Earth (AMFE)

NameDesignation

HDConstellation

Date sent

Arrival date

Message

16 Cyg A HD 186408 CygnusMay 24,

1999November

2069Cosmic Call 1

15 Sge HD 190406 SagittaJune 30,

1999February

2057Cosmic Call 1

HD 178428 SagittaJune 30,

1999October

2067Cosmic Call 1

Gl 777 HD 190360 CygnusJuly 1, 1999

April 2051 Cosmic Call 1

Hip 4872 CassiopeiaJuly 6, 2003

April 2036 Cosmic Call 2

HD 245409 OrionJuly 6, 2003

August 2040 Cosmic Call 2

55 Cnc HD 75732 CancerJuly 6, 2003

May 2044 Cosmic Call 2

HD 10307 AndromedaJuly 6, 2003

September 2044

Cosmic Call 2

47 UMa HD 95128 Ursa MajorJuly 6, 2003

May 2049 Cosmic Call 2

Cosmic Call

NameHD

designationConstellation Date sent Arrival date

197076 DelphinusAugust 29,

2001February 2070

47 UMa 95128 Ursa MajorSeptember 3,

2001July 2047

37 Gem 50692 GeminiSeptember 3,

2001December

2057

126053 VirgoSeptember 3,

2001January 2059

76151 HydraSeptember 4,

2001May 2057

193664 DracoSeptember 4,

2001January 2059

Teen Age Message (TAM)

Contains sounding, theremin and digital message likeearlier. This is the first musical interstellar radiomessage

Wow Signal!

Detected on 1977 by Jerry R. Ehman from Big Eartelescope. Total duration was 72 seconds. If it istrue then it is from more advanced civilization thanus because it required to have 2.2 gigawattransmeter.

1-910-11 A11-12 B...30-31 U

1420.4556

1420.405 Hline (0.0498)

1420.356

Space Tourism

International Space StationMaintains orbit 330Km and 435 km 15.53 orbit per

day!!

Dennis Tito, went to ISS in 2001 for 7 days @ 20 million dollar

Hotel!!!

Space Colony!!!

Biosphere 2

Virgin Galactic

Commercial flight carrying passengers are expected in2014-2015. www.virgingalactic.com

Already 530 people booked @ $250,000 so hurry up!!

Space Tourism

Thank You