Top Banner

Click here to load reader

Revenge and Revenge Tragedy in Renaissance England Author(s): … · 2015-03-08 · Revenge and Revenge Tragedy in Renaissance England Author(s): Ronald Broude Source ... ... ]x&

Jul 11, 2020

Download

Documents

dariahiddleston
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • The University of Chicago Press and Renaissance Society of America are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Renaissance Quarterly.

    http://www.jstor.org

    Revenge and Revenge Tragedy in Renaissance England Author(s): Ronald Broude Source: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Spring, 1975), pp. 38-58Published by: on behalf of the The University of Chicago Press Renaissance Society of AmericaStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2860421Accessed: 08-03-2015 06:42 UTC

    Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp

    JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.orghttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ucpresshttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=rsahttp://www.jstor.org/stable/2860421http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !"#"$%"&'$(&!"#"$%"&)*'%"(+&,$&!"$',--'$."&/$%0'$(&1+&!23456& 7!286/&

    9:&;& >*@'.E&B@&BE"-"&,G>@*B'$B&!"$',-H&

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

    L&9)E"&!"0'B,@$-&@A&'--,GC&1DB&"->I&>>I&̂ LH^[I&P&3"=&:@*?C&LX^PI&_""&"->".,'00+&BE"&-BD(+&@A&-+$@$+G-&D$("*&*"#"$%"I&R&_""C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&OI&7I&;'B-@$C&_E'?"->"'*"&'$(&BE"&!"$',--'$."&O@$.">B&@A&

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    E'-&1""$&=*@$%"(I]&N$#"-B,%'B,@$-&@A&)D(@*H_BD'*B&'BB,BD("-&B@='*(&*"#"$%"C&*".@%$,J"(&'-&$"."--'*,0+&>*"*"SD,-,B"&B@&BE"&-BD(+&@A&BE"&>0'+-C&E'#"&[email protected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d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

    ]&_""C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&N*#,$%&!,1$"*C&T'BB"*$-&,$&_E'?"->"'*"'$&)*'%"(+&W5@$(@$C&LX^YZC&>>I&L[HL^I&[&O'G>1"00C&9)E"@*,"-&@A&!"#"$%"&,$&!"$',--'$."&/$%0'$(C9&UTC&Ra&WLXRLZC&PaLHPX^\&

    '$(&7@="*-C&>>I&RH]YI& K@*&'&(,-.D--,@$&@A&BE"&'$B,H>*,#'B"&*"#"$%"&-B*',$&,$&>@>D0'*&BE@D%EBC&-""&/0"'$@*&T*@--"*C&>I&FFF,,H0F#,\&'$(&!I&7*@D("C&9!@G'$&'$(&d@BE&,$&),BD-&4$(*@$,.D-C9&_E'?_C&̂ &WLXVYZC& PVHR]I&

    RX&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    '$(C&1+&*".@#"*,$%&BE"&G"'$,$%-&'$(&'--@.,'B,@$-&@A&BE"&-,FB""$BEH."$H&BD*+&=@*(&*"#"$%"C&B@&,$(,.'B"&-@G"&@A&BE"&='+-&,$&=E,.E&>*".@$.">H&B,@$-&.@$(,B,@$"(&1+&G@("G&D-'%"&G'+&D$(D0+&,$A0D"$."&@D*&*"'(,$%-&@A&BE"-"&!"$',--'$."&>0'+-I&

    N$&BE",*&G@-B&%"$"*'0&-"$-"C&BE"&!"$',--'$."&$@D$-&*"#"$%"&'$("$H&%"'$."C&@AB"$&D-"(&,$B"*.E'$%"'10+C&("$@B"&*"B*,1DB,@$C&BE"&*"->@$-"&=E,.E&,-&G'("&B@&'$&@AA"$-"I&;E"$&BE"&.@$B"FB&G'$,A"-B-&$@&.@$."*$&=,BE&BE"&'%"$B&"AA".B,$%&*"B*,1DB,@$C&*"#"$%"&G'+&.@**"->@$(&B@&BE"&G@("*$&>D$,-EG"$BI&)ED-C&)E@G'-&g+(&=*,B"-&BE'B&9BE"&10@@(&@A&BE"&,D-B&41"0&.*,"(&I&I&I&A@*"$%"'$."&'$(&*"D"$%"&D>@$&BE"&GD*("*"*9&WL[XPZ\& g+(&G"'$-&-,G>0+&BE'B&41"09-&10@@(&.'00"(&A@*&BE"&GD*("*"*9-&>D$,-EG"$BIVe@E$&!,("*9-&/$%0,-EH5'B,$&(,.B,@$'*+C&7,10,@BE".'&_.E@0'-H&B,.'&WL[aXZC&>*@#,("-&,$B"*"-B,$%&.@$A,*G'B,@$&@A&BE,-&D-'%"Q&!,("*&@AA"*-&BE"&$@D$-&D0B,@&'$(,$(,.B'&'-&"SD,#'0"$B-&A@*"$%"'$."C&=E,0"&BE""*1-&D0.,-@*&'$(,$(,.@&'*"&'((D."(&'-&"SD,#'0"$B-&@A&B@&>D$,-EI&40@$%&BE"&-'G"&0,$"-C&e@E$&K0@*,@9-&NB'0,'$H/$%0,-E&(,.B,@$'*+C&4&;@*0("&@A&;@*("-&WL[XaZC&%,#"-&1@BE&*"#"$%"&'$(&>D$,-EG"$B&'-&B*'$-0'B,@$-&A@*"$("BB'\&A@*,$(,."&K0@*,@&@AA"*-&'&.'B'0@%D"&@A&=@*(-&'$(&>E*'-"-&=E,.E&D$("*H&0,$"&E@=&.0@-"&/0,J'1"BE'$-&G,%EB&*"%'*(&*"#"$%"&'$(&>D$,-EG"$B&'-&1",$%Q&9c,$(,."Q&III& '&*"D"$%"*&@A&=*@$%-C&'&*"(*"--"*&@A&BE,$%-C&'$(&'1D-"-C&'&("A"$("*C&@$"&BE'B&*"-B@*"BE&'$(&-"BB"BE&'B&0,1"*B,"&@*&@DB&@A&('$%"*C&'&>D$,-E"*&@A&BE,$%-&(@$"&'G,--"I9&7DB&BE"&!"$',--'$."&*"#"$%"&'$("$%"'$."&("$@B"(&$@B&@$0+&BE"&%"$"*'0&,("'&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$&1DB&'0-@&"'.E&>'*B,.D0'*&->".,"-&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$&'DBE@*,J"(&1+&'$+&@A&BE"&-"#"*'0&-@.,@H0"%'0&-+-B"G-&=E,.E&.@"F,-B"(&D$"'-,0+&,$&)D(@*H_BD'*B&/$%0'$(I&4$&@AA"$-"&G,%EB&1"&D$("*-B@@(&B@&V&9)E"&U#*("*&@A&N@E$&7*"="$C9&,$&g+(9-&;@*?-C&"(I&7@'-& W2FA@*(C&LXYL@ZC&>I&PaVI&_I&KI&e@E$-@$&E'-&?,$(0+&(*'=$&G+&'BB"$B,@$&B@&BE"&,$B"*"-B,$%&>'*'00"0&,$&!,.E'*(&NNC&NC&0C&LLI&LY]HLY@^Q&9;E,.E&10@@(C&0,?"&-'.*,A,.,$%&41"09-C&.*,"-&III& )@&G"&A@*&MD-B,."&'$(&*@D%E&.E'-B,-"G"$B9&W"'*"9-&;@*?-C&`d0"$#,"=C&N00IC&LX^LbZI&40BE@D%E&BE"&2/6&*".@%$,J"-&9>D$,-EG"$B9&'$(&9.E'-B,-"G"$B9&'-&G"'$,$%-&@A&*"#"$%"&W6"AI&[C&@1-@0"B"ZC&,B&"**@$"@D-0+&>0'."-&g+(9-&"F'G>0"&D$("*&6"AI&,&W9)E"&'.B&@A&(@,$%&ED*B&@*&E'*G&B@&'$@BE"*&,$&*"BD*$&A@*&=*@$%&@*&,$MD*+&-DAA"*"(\&-'B,-A'.B,@$&1+&*">'+H&G"$B&@A&,$MD*,"-C9Z&'$(&D$("*&6"AI&,&@A"$%"'$."&W9)E"&'.B&@A&'#"$%,$%&@$"-"0A&@*&'$@BE"*C&*"B*,1DB,#"&,$A0,.B,@$&@A&,$MD*+&@*&>D$,-EG"$B\&ED*B&@*&E'*G&(@$"&A*@G,$(,.B,#"&G@H&B,#"-I9ZI&)E"&2/6&(@"-&$@B&.@$-,-B"$B0+&%,#"&-DAA,.,"$B&=",%EB&B@&BE"&,G>"*-@$'0&"0"G"$B&,$&"'*0+&@..D**"$."-&@A&BE"-"&$@D$-Q&BE"*"&,-&$@&,G>0,.'B,@$&,$&g+(9-&>'--'%"&@A&BE"&>"*H&-@$'0&'$,GD-&-@&,G>@*B'$B&B@&BE"&2/6&("A,$,B,@$-I&_"#"*'0&@BE"*&"F'G>0"-&.,B"(&1+&BE"&2/6&G'+&'0-@&1"&SD"-B,@$"(C&"I%IC&D$("*"$%"'$."C&6"AI&LC&BE"&>'--'%"-&A*@G&O@#"*('0"&'$(&TD*.E'-C&=E"*"&BE"&D-"&@A"$%"'$."&.0"'*0+&(@"-&$@B&.@$B',$&BE"&"0"G"$B&@A&9#,$(,.B,#"&G@B,#"-I9&

    ]Y&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    E'#"&1""$&.@GG,BB"(&'%',$-B&'$&,$(,#,(D'0&@*&A'G,0+C&'%',$-B&'&.@GH&G@$="'0C&@*&'%',$-B&'&(,#,$,B+C&'$(&,$&"'.E&.'-"&'&(,AA"*"$B&.@$.">B&@A&=*@$%&'$(&*"B*,1DB,@$&='-&@>"*'B,#"I&N$&'00&.'-"-C&E@="#"*C&*"#"$%"&'$(&#"$%"'$."&="*"&'>>*@>*,'B"&B@&("$@B"&BE"&*"->@$-"&@A&BE"&@DB*'%"(&>'*B+C&=E"BE"*&,$(,#,(D'0C&-B'B"C&@*&%@(I&!"#"$%"&='-&D-"(&B@&,$(,.'B"&*"B*,1DB,@$&"AA".B"(&(,*".B0+&1+&'$&,$(,#,(D'0&@*&A'G,0+C&BE'B&,-C&*"B*,1DH&B,@$&"AA".B"(&=,BE@DB&BE"&,$B"*#"$B,@$&@A&'$+&.,#,0&'DBE@*,B+I&8-"(&,$&BE,-&-"$-"C&BE"&=@*(&G,%EB&-@G"B,G"-&"F"*B&BE"&$"%'B,#"&A@*."&,B&(@"-&B@('+Q&K*'$.,-&7'.@$&"F>0@,B-&BE"-"&>"M@*'B,#"&@#"*B@$"-&=E"$&E"&->"'?-&@A&*"#"$%"&'-&9'&-@*B&@A&=,0(&MD-B,."9&WL^P[ZIa&2$&BE"&@BE"*&E'$(C&BE"&=@*(&G,%EB&1"&D-"(&,$&GD.E&BE"&-'G"&-"$-"C&1DB&=,BE@DB&'$+&-E'(,$%&@A&(,-'>>*@#'0Q&c,$."$B,@&_'#,@0@C&(,-.D--,$%&E@=&-'B,-A'.B,@$&A@*&,$MD*,"-&,-&B@&1"&@1B',$"(C&'(#,-"-&BE'B&9BE"&*"#"$%"&@D%EB&B@&1"&(@$"&E@$@*'10+9&WL[X[ZIX&4%',$C&*"#"$%"&'$("$%"'$."&.@D0(&1"&D-"(&B@&("-.*,1"&BE"&>D$,-EG"$B&G"B"(&@DB&1+&BE"&.@GG@$="'0&A@*&'.B-&("A,$"(&1+&-B'BDB"&@*&.D-B@G&'-&.@$B*'*+&B@&BE"&>D10,.&%@@(Q&BED-&="&A,$(&G'%,-B*'B"-&*"A"**"(&B@&'-&9BE"&.@GG@$&*"#"$%"*-9&'$(&BE"&"F".DB,@$&@A&BE",*&-"$H&B"$."-&'-&9>D10,."$%"'$."I9LY&K,$'00+C&BE"&!"$',--'$."&A""0,$%&A@*"$H&%"'$."&'-&'&=@*(&>*@>"*&B@&("$@B"&BE"&*"B*,1DB,@$,-,B"(&1+&d@(&A@*&B*'$-%*"--,@$&@A&'*B0+C&$@&(@D1BC&1".'D-"&@A&,B-&*".D**"$."&,$&BE"&g,$%&e'G"-&7,10"&,$&>E*'-"-&-D.E&'-&9BE""$H&%"'$."&@A&BE"&5@*(I9LL&)E"&-.@>"H'$(&'G1,%D,B+H@A&BE"&!"$',--'$."&*"#"$%"&'$("$H&

    a&92A&!"#"$%"C9&/--'+"-I&X&c,$."$B,@&_'#,@0@&I&LXR\&'$(&I&]X[I&LL&2A&BE"&]V&@..D**"$."-&@A&BE"&$@D$-"$%"'$."&'$(&*"#"$%"&%,#"$&1+&!@1"*B&:@D$%&,$&E,-&4$'0+B,.'0&O@$.@*('$."&B@&BE"&7,10"C&PP$(&4G"*,.'$&"(I&*"#,-"(&1+&;,00,'G&_B"#"$-@$&Wd*'$(&!'>,(-C&LX[[ZC&L^&@..D*&,$&.@$MD$.B,@$&=,BE&BE"&=@*(-&d@(&@*&BE"&5@*(C&X&'*"&->@?"$&1+&d@(C&'$(&]&'>>"'*&,$&.@$B"FB-&.0"'*0+&,$(,.'B,$%&BE'B&BE""$%"'$."&'B&,--D"&,-&(,#,$"I&N$&'00C&:@D$%&.,B"-&LYR&@..D**"$."-&@A"$%"'$."C&*"#"$%"&W$@D$&'$("*1ZC&'#"$%"&'$(&BE",*&("*,#'B,#"-I&)E"&*"B"*9-&6,.B,@$'*+&@A&BE"&7,10"&W3"=&:@*?&'$(&3'-E#,00"C&LX^PZ&$@B"-&,$&,B-&"$B*+&A@*"$%"'$."C&9-"0(@G&(@"-&h#"$%"'$."h&,$&BE"&7,10"&.'**+&BE"&.@$$@B'B,@$&@A&h#,$(,.B,#"$"--h&@*&h*"#"$%"hI9&!'BE"*C"$%"'$."&,-&'--@.,'B"(&=,BE&9BE"&*"-B@*'B,@$&@A&=E@0"$"--C&`'$(b&,$B"%*,B+&B@&BE"&.@GGD$,B+C&1+&d@(&@*&G'$I&)E"'*,@D-&B"*G-&B*'$-0'B"(&h#"$%"'$."h&'*"&>'*B&@A&BE"&0"%'0&B"*G,$@0@%+&@A&BE"&7,10"I9&

    ]L&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    %"'$."&*"-D0BC&,$&0'*%"&>'*BC&A*@G&BE"&A'.B&BE'B&BE",*&,$B*@(D.B,@$&,$B@&/$%0,-E&>*"('B"-&BE"&-,FB""$BEH."$BD*+&.@$."*$&=,BE&(,-B,$%D,-E,$%&'G@$%&-@.,@H0"%'0&-+-B"G-&'$(&BE",*&A@*G-&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$I&7@BE&*"#"$%"&'$("$%"'$."&("*,#"C&BE*@D%E&BE"&20(&K*"$.E&*"#"$%"*&'$("$%"'$."&*"->".B,#"0+C&A*@G&BE"&5'B,$,$(,.'*"ILP&3",BE"*&BE"&20(&K*"$.E&$@*&BE"&5'B,$&-D%%"-B-&'$+&@A&BE"&(,-B,$.B,@$-&=E,.E&BE"&!"$',--'$."&='-&B@&.@$-,("*&-@&,G>@*B'$BQ&BE"&=@*(-&.@D0(&("$@B"&=,BE&"SD'0&>*@>*,"B+&BE"&*"B*,1DB,@$&"F'.B"(&1+&'&>*,#'B"&G'$&A@*&BE"&GD*("*&@A&'&*"0'B,#"C&@*&BE"&>D$,-EG"$B&G"B"(&@DB&1+&'&?,$%&A@*&BE"&B*'$-%*"--,@$&@A&E,-&?,$%(@G9-&0'=-I&;E"$C&.,*.'&LRYYC"$%"'$."&"$B"*"(&/$%0,-EC&,B&("$@B"(&-,G>0+&'&*"->@$-"&B@&'&=*@$%C&BE"&@>"*'B,@$&@A&BE"&"BE,.'0&>*,$.,>0"&BE'B&E'*G&,$A0,.B"(&,-&B@&1"&>',(&A@*&=,BE&E'*G&-DAA"*"(I&)E,-&"0"G"$B&@A&-B*,?,$%&'&1'0'$."&,-&'>>'*"$B&,$&BE"&=@*(9-&"'*0,"-B&@..D**"$."-C&A@*&"F'G>0"Q&9E"&BE'B&->,00"BE&G'$$"-&0+AC&c"$M@D$-"&E+B&-.E"0&'=+B"9&W.'I&LRL[ZILR&NB&='-&$@B&D$B,0&BE"&G,(H-,FB""$BE&."$BD*+C&=E"$&BE"&)D(@*&%@#"*$G"$B&>*"--"(&BE"&.0',G-&@A&BE"&-B'B"&B@&'&G@$@>@0+&@$&'00&*"#"$%"C&BE'B&BE"&$""(&='-&A"0B&A@*&B"*G,$@0@%+&=E,.E&=@D0(&A'.,0,B'B"&(,-B,$.B,@$&'G@$%&BE"&'%"$B-&1+&=E,.E&*"#"$%"&G,%EB&1"&"AA".B"(I&)@&.'*#"&D>&BE"&%"$"*'0&,("'&("$@B"(&1+"$%"'$."C&BE"&B"*G-&9(,#,$""$%"'$."C9&9>D10,."$H&%"'$."C9&'$(&9>*,#'B""$%"'$."9&W#"$%"'$."&B'?"$&1+&>*,#'B"&-D1M".B-Z&="*"&,$B*@(D."(I&)E"-"&B"*G-C&E@="#"*C&(@&$@B&-""G&B@&E'#"&%',$"(&'$+&>"*G'$"$B&E@0(C&'$(&BE"&'G1,%D,B+&@A&*"#"$%"&'$("$%"'$."&*"H&G',$"(&'&>*@10"G&'-&0'B"&'-&BE"&",%EB""$BE&."$BD*+I&6*I&e@E$-@$&-@D%EB&B@&.0'*,A+&G'BB"*-&1+&(".0'*,$%C&,$&BE"&A@D*BE&WLVVRZ&'$(&-D1-"SD"$B&"(,B,@$-&@A&E,-&6,.B,@$'*+C&BE'B&9*"#"$%"&,-&'$&'.B&@A&>'--,@$\"$%"'$."&,-&MD-B,."I9&)E,-&(,-B,$.B,@$C&E"&*D"AD00+&$@B"(C&E@="#"*C&9,-&>"*E'>-&$@B&'0='+-&@1-"*#"(I9&U@("*$&D-'%"&E'-&B@&-@G"&"FB"$B&(@$"&'='+&=,BE&BE"&'G1,%D,B+&1+&(".0,$,$%&B@&D-"&",BE"*&*"#"$%"&@*"$%"'$."&,$&.@$$".H&B,@$&=,BE&BE"&-B'B"&MD-B,."&=E,.E&BE"&!"$',--'$."&.'00"(&9>D10,.&*"#"$%"I&U@("*$&D-'%"&BED-&"$.@D*'%"-&(,-B,$.B,@$&1"B=""$&-B'B"&MD-B,."&'$(&BE"&@BE"*&A@*G-&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$H>*,#'B"&'$(&(,#,$"H=,BE&=E,.E&,B&='-&A@*G"*0+&.@@*(,$'B"C&'$(&=E,.E&BE"&$@D$"$%"'$."&.@$B,$D"-&B@&("$@B"I&

    LP&)E"&2FA@*(&6,.B,@$'*+&@A&/$%0,-E&/B+G@0@%+C&"(I&OI&)I&2$,@$-&"B&'0I&W2FA@*(C&LX^^ZI&)E"&"0"G"$B&@A&-B*,?,$%&'&1'0'$."&>"*-,-B-&,$&K*"$.E&.@%$'B"-&B@&BE,-&('+C&"I%IC&"$&*"#'$.E"C&@$&BE"&@BE"*&E'$(I&)E"&"B+G@0@%+&@A&K*"$.E&.@%$'B"-&-""G-&B@&E'#"&>'*'00"0"(&BE'B&@A&BE"&/$%0,-E&*"#"$%"&'$("$%"'$."&,$&-"#"*'0&='+-I&K@*&-,FB""$BEH."$BD*+&K*"$.E&D-'%"C&-""&/(G@$(&I&XaI&

    ]P&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

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g,$(*"(&'$(&O0'$&,$&BE"&U,((0"&4%"-&'$(&4AB"*&WO'G1*,(%"C&LXLRZ\&

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    @A&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$BC&"'.E&1",$%&(,-B,$%D,-E"(&1+&BE"&-@.,'0&D$,B&*"->@$H&-,10"&A@*&"AA".B,$%&*"B*,1DB,@$I&)E"&10@@(&A"D(C&,$&=E,.E&BE"&-@.,'0&D$,B&,-&"-B'10,-E"(&1+&?,$-E,>C&>*@#,("(&-".D*,B+&A@*&BE"&,$(,#,(D'0&1+&.@$A"*H&*,$%&D>@$&E,G&BE"&>*@B".B,@$&@A&'&%*@D>&B@&=E,.E&E"&1"0@$%"(&1+,*BD"&@A&E,-&1,*BEI&5@*(-E,>&'$(&G',$B"$'$."C&BE"&,$-B,BDB,@$-&1+&=E,.E&>@=H&"*AD0&$@10"G"$&='%"(&BE",*&>*,#'B"&='*-C&="*"&>*"(,.'B"(&D>@$&'&-"B&@A&GDBD'0&@10,%'B,@$-&1"B=""$&$@10"G'$&'$(&*"B',$"*C&BE"&A@*G"*&B@&"GH&>0@+&E,-&,$A0D"$."&'$(&A@*."-&B@&>*@B".B&BE"&0'BB"*C&'$(&BE"&0'BB"*&B@&-D>H&>@*B&BE"&A@*G"*&,$&'00&E,-&SD'**"0-I&)E"&(D"0C&'@%D"&A@*&=E,.E&("H&#"0@>"(&,$&/$%0'$(&.,*.'&L^@@C&='-&D-"AD0&>*,G'*,0+&,$&G'BB"*-&@A&E@$@*&W@AA"$-"-&'%',$-B&=E,.E&BE"&.,#,0&'DBE@*,B,"-&(,(&$@B&>D$,-EZ&'$(&,$&.'-"-&@A&10@@(H->,00,$%&=E"*"&0'.?&@A&"#,("$."&@*&A"'*&@A&MD(,.,'0&>*"MH&D(,."&-D%%"-B"(&BE'B&MD-B,."&G,%EB&$@B&@BE"*=,-"&1"&@1B',$"(IL[&;E,0"&-D.E&,$-B,BDB,@$-&E"0>"(&/$%0,-EG"$&B@&>*@B".B&BE",*&0,#"-C&>*@>"*B+C&'$(&E@$@*C&BE"+&="*"&$@B&=,BE@DB&>@B"$B,'0&('$%"*-&@A&BE",*&@=$I&2*,"$B"(&B@&BE"&,$B"*"-B-&@A&*"0'B,#"0+&-G'00&-@.,'0&D$,B-H@*C&,$&BE"&.'-"&@A&BE"&(D"0C&B@&BE"&,$B"*"-B-&@A&,$(,#,(D'0-HBE"-"&,$-B,BDB,@$-&="*"&@AB"$&,$(,AA"*"$B&B@&BE"&="0A'*"&@A&-@.,"B+&'B&0'*%"I&)ED-C&BE"&10@@(&A"D(C&BE"&>D*>@-"&@A&=E,.E&='-&B@&"$-D*"&BE"&-'A"B+&@A&'&A'G,0+&@*&.0'$C&(,(&$@B&E'#"&B@&.@$."*$&,B-"0A&=,BE&'$+BE,$%&1"+@$(&BE"&M"'0@D-&G',$B"$'$."&@A&BE"&*">DB'B,@$&A@*&-=,AB&*">*,-'0&=E,.E&'0@$"&.@D0(&(,-.@D*'%"&ADBD*"&'%%*"--,@$I&)E"&MD-B,."&@A&BE"&10@@(&A"D(&='-C&'..@*(,$%0+C&'&9-D1M".B,#"9&MD-B,."C&'&MD-B,."&=E,.E&"'.E&A'G,0+&,("$B,A,"(&=,BE&,B-&@=$&,$B"*"-B-I&)E"&9@1M".B,#"9&MD-B,."&.@$."*$"(&=,BE&BE"&*,%EB-&'$(&=*@$%-&@A&BE"&@AA"$-"&B@&1"&>D$,-E"(&@AB"$&E'(&0,BB0"&*"0"#'$."Q&BE"&='**,@*&A',*0+&-0',$&,$&1'BH&B0"&@*&BE"&GD*("*"*&-B*D.?&(@=$&1+&E,-,.B,G9-&?,$-G"$&G,%EB&*"SD,*"&BE"&-'G""$%"'$."&'-&'$&,$$@."$B&G'$&?,00"(&=,BE@DB&>*@#@.'B,@$IL^&

    T@,$"&W5@$(@$C&LXPRZ\&/00,@BB&K@*-+BEC&5'& )*'%"(,"&A*'$A',-"&("&e@("00"&'&O@G$",00"C&0"&BE"G"&("&0'"$%"'$."&WT'*,-C&LX^PZC& >>I&LVHL]P\&'$(&BE"&.@$#"$,"$B&-"0".B,@$&@A&>'>"*-&,$&5'=&'$(&;'*A'*"C&_BD(,"-&,$&BE"&4$BE*@>@0@%+&@A&O@$A0,.BC&"(I&T'D0&7@E'$$'$&Wd'*("$&O,B+C&LX^VZI&2$&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$B&,$&/$%0'$(C&-""&e@E$&g"G1'00C&)E"&_'F@$-&,$&/$%0'$(&W5@$H&(@$C&LaV^ZC&>I&P^V\&K*"("*,.&_""1@EGC&)*,1'0&OD-B@G&,$&4$%0@H_'F@$&/$%0'$(&W5@$(@$C&LXYPZC& >>I&P[]HPX[\&eI&;I&e"D(=,$"C&)@*BC&O*,G"&'$(&T@0,."&,$&U"(,"#'0&/$%0'$(&W5@$(@$C&LXLVZC&>'--,G\&7@="*-C&>>I&RHL]\&U'*+&U*@JC&6,#,$"&c"$%"'$."&W;'-E,$%B@$C&6IOIC&LX]LZC&>>I&̂ ^Ha]\&'$(&7*+."&5+@$C&4&O@$-B,BDB,@$'0&'$(&5"%'0&

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

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d"*G'$,.&">,.C&BE*@D%E&)E"&U@*B"&4*BED*C&=,BE&U'0@*+9-&G"0'$.E@0+&(">,.B,@$&@A&BE"&,00-&>*@.""(,$%&A*@G&d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a&)E"&("#"0@>G"$B&@A&-B'B"&MD-B,."&,$&/$%0'$(&='-&G@B,#'B"(&0"--&1+&'&(,-,$B"*"-B"(&("-,*"&B@&G',$B',$&0'=&'$(&@*("*&'-&"AA,.,"$B0+&'-&>@--,10"&BE'$&1+&BE"&.*@=$9-&$""(&B@&,$.*"'-"&,B-&>@="*-&'$(&*"#"$D"-C&'&$""(&=E,.E&,B&-'B,-A,"(&'AB"*&BE"&O@$SD"-B&1+&"FB"$(,$%&BE"&("A,$,B,@$&@A&BE"&g,$%9-&T"'."&-@&BE'B&G'$+&@AA"$-"-&WA@*&"F'G>0"C&*'>"&'$(&GD*("*Z&B*'(,B,@$'00+&*"%'*("(&'-&B@*B-&W=*@$%-&,$#@0#,$%&@$0+&BE"&@AA"$("*&'$(,.B,GZ&="*"&G'("&,$B@&A"0@$,"-&W@AA"$-"-&,$&=E,.E&BE"&?,$%&='-&.@$."*$"(ZILX&)E"&A'.B-&BE'B&BE"&.*@=$&*".",#"(&A""-&A@*&.'-"-&

    4$%0@H_'F@$&B,G"-C&BE'B&BE"&6@@G-&@A&/(='*(&WGIPZ&->".,A,.'00+&A@*1,(&>*@-".DB,@$&@A&BE"&10@@(&A"D(&'%',$-B&-0'+"*-&@A&>D*-D"(&.*,G,$'0-I&2$&'1D-"-&@A&BE"&(D"0C&-""&7@="*-C&>>I&RPHRRI&LV&2$&>*"H)D(@*&-"$B,G"$B&'%',$-B&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$BC&-""&7@="*-C&>I&LP\&@$&-,FB""$BEH&."$BD*+&@1M".B,@$-&B@&9>*,#'B"&*"#"$%"C9&-""&O'G>1"00C&'1@#"C&$I[I&La&2$&'1D-"-&@A&0"%'0&MD-B,."C&-""&U*@JC&>>I&]XH^[I&LX&2$&BE"&("#"0@>G"$B&@A&*@+'0&MD-B,."C&-""&KI&;I&U',B0'$(C&)E"&O@$-B,BDB,@$'0&

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    B*,"(&,$&,B-&.@D*B-C&'$(&BE'B&BE"&%@@(-&@A&.@$#,.B"(&A"0@$-&="*"&"-.E"'B"(&B@&BE"&.*@=$&>*@#,("(&-B*@$%&,$(D."G"$B-&A@*&@AB"$&,G>".D$,@D-&-@#H&"*",%$-&B@&"$0'*%"&BE"&$DG1"*&@A&@AA"$-"-&=E,.E&BE",*&.@D*B-&="*"&.@G>"B"$B&B@&B*+I&*@A,B-&BED-&.*"'B"(&.@G>*@G,-"(&BE"&,$B"%*,B+&@A&*@+'0&MD-B,."&,$&BE"&"+"-&@A&G'$+C&'$(&BE,-&(,-B*D-BC&'%%*'#'B"(&1+&BE"&>"*,@(,.&D-"&@A&BE"&.@D*B-&'-&,$-B*DH&G"$B-&@A&>@0,B,.'0&A'.B,@$'0,-GC&>"*-,-B"(&BE*@D%E&BE"&!"$',--'$."I&U@*"@#"*C&=E,0"&0"%'0&BE"@*,-B-&.@D0(&"F>0',$&'B&0"$%BE&BE"&>*@."--&=E,.E&B*'$-A@*G"(&B@*B-&,$B@&A"0@$,"-C&>@>D0'*&BE@D%EB&='-&-0@=&B@&'..">B&'&-+-B"G&=E,.E&("$,"(&BE"&,$(,#,(D'0&@*&A'G,0+&BE",*&'%"H@0(&*,%EB&B@&-".D*"&BE",*&@=$&*"(*"--I&_,%$,A,.'$B0+C&BE"&>*,$.,>0"-&@A&BE"&10@@(&A"D(&="*"&*"A0".B"(&,$&BE"&$"=&-B'B"&MD-B,."C&,$&BE"&>*@#,-,@$-&A@*&MD(,.,'0&.@G1'B&'$(&,$&BE"&-+-B"G&@A&'>>"'0-&=E"*"1+&>*@-".DB,@$&@A&BE"&@AA"$("*&='-&,$,B,'B"(&1+&BE",.B,G&@*&E,-&?,$-G"$I&7@BE&,$-B,BDB,@$-C&,$B*@(D."(&1+&BE"&3@*G'$-C&="*"&-B,00&@$&BE"&1@@?-&,$&/0,J'1"BE9-&('+C&'0BE@D%E&BE"&A@*G"*&(@"-&$@B&-""G&B@&E'#"&1""$&,$&D-"&(D*,$%&BE"&-,FB""$BE&."$BD*+IPY&4-&7@="*-C&U'*+&U*@JC&'$(&OI&7I&;'B-@$&E'#"&("G@$-B*'B"(H'$(&'-&BE"@0DG"&@A&BE"&'$B,H9>*,#'B"&*"#"$%"9&0,B"*'BD*"&.,B"(&1+&O'G>1"00&'$(&/0"'$@*&T*@--"*&GD-B&>*"-D>>@-"HBE"&B*'(,B,@$&@A&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$B&"$M@+"(&.@$B,$D"(&.D**"$.+&(D*,$%&BE"&*",%$-&@A&/0,J'1"BE&'$(&e'G"-IPL&2AA,.,'0&*".@*(-&G"$B,@$&10@@(&A"D(-&,$&/$%0'$(&SD,B"&0'B"&,$&BE"&-,FH&B""$BE&."$BD*+C&=E,0"&BE"&>*'.B,."&-D*#,#"(&,$&_.@B0'$(&="00&>'-B&L^YYIPP&T@="*AD0&$@10"G"$&.@$B,$D"(&B@&G',$B',$&1'$(-&@A&'*G"(&*"B',$"*-&D$("*&1@BE&/0,J'1"BE&'$(e'G"-\&,$(""(C&@$&@..'-,@$&BE"+&BE*"'B"$"(&B@&1*,$%&BE",*&SD'**"0-&,$B@&BE"&*@+'0&>*"-"$."C&'>>"'*,$%&'B&.@D*B&=,BE&$DG1"*-&@A&'*G"(&-D>>@*B"*-I&_@&=,("->*"'(&='-&(D"00,$%&(D*,$%&BE"&"'*0+&+"'*-&@A&e'G"-9-&*",%$&BE'B&BE"&>*'.B,."&='-&.@$-,("*"(&'&-"*,@D-&BE*"'B&B@&.,#,0&@*("*IPR&)E"&.D**"$.+&@A&,$-B,BDB,@$-&-D.E&'-&10@@(&*"#"$%"C&G',$B"$'$."C&'$(&

    PY&2$&BE"&MD(,.,'0&.@G1'B&'$(&'>>"'0-C&-""&_'+0"-C&>I&RR^\&'$(&U',B0'$(C&>I&LPaI&K@*&'$&/0,J'1"BE'$9-,"=&@A&BE"-"&,$-B,BDB,@$-C&-""&)E@G'-&_G,BEC&6"&!">D10,.'&'$%0@*DG&W5@$H&(@$C&L[aRZC&7@@?&GC&.E'>I&RI&PL&7@="*-C&>>I&L[H]Y\& U*@JC&>'--,G\&;'B-@$C&>>I&LPVAAI&PP&K@*&*"A"*"$."-&B@&10@@(&A"D(-C&-""&BE"&O'0"$('*&@A&5"BB"*-&'$(&T'>"*-&!"0'B,$%&B@&BE"&

    4AA',*-&@A&BE"&7@*("*-&@A&/$%0'$(&'$(&_.@B0'$(C&"(I&7',$&W/(,$1D*%EC&LaX]ZC&$@-I&̂ C&]LC&@LYLC&'$(&LPR\&'$(&7@="*-C&>>I&LXHPYI&2$&G',$B"$'$."C&-""&dI&UI&)*"#"0+'$C&/$%0,-E&_@.,'0&>I&L[PHL[^I&K@*&("-.*,>B,@$-&@A&>'*B,.D0'*&.@$A*@$B'B,@$-C&-""&eI&/I&3"'0"C&fD""$&/0,J'1"BE&N& W5@$(@$C&LXRaZC&>>I&L]V\&'$(&7@="*-C&>>I&LVAAI&PR&7@="*-C&>>I&RYAAI&

    ]^&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

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

    )E"&B*'$-A@*G'B,@$-&=E,.E&BE"&)D(@*&(+$'-B+&-@D%EB&B@&=@*?&D>@$&/$%0,-E&-@.,@H0"%'0&,$-B,BDB,@$-&="*"&G@B,#'B"(&1+&BE"&("B"*G,$'B,@$&@A&"'."&'$(&@*("*C&.@$("G$,$%&@DB&@A&E'$(&'00&'.B,@$-C&$@&G'BB"*&=E'B&BE",*&MD-B,A,.'B,@$C&=E,.E&G,%EB&(,-BD*1&.,#,0&E'*G@$+I&6"A,$,$%&/$%0'$(9-&0'=-&'-&'&*"A0".B,@$&@A&d@(9-C&)D(@*&BE"@*,-B-&"F>0',$"(&.*,G"&

    P]&2$&A"D(-C&(D"0-C&'$(&'00,"(&.D-B@G-&,$&0,B"*'BD*"&*"'(&1+&/0,J'1"BE'$-C&-""&7@="*-C&]LH^LI&4&$DG1"*&@A&OE,0(&1'00'(-&("'0&=,BE&-D.E&A"D(-\&-@G"&@A&BE"GC&"I%IC&9)E"&7@$$+&/'*0&@A&UD**'+9&W$@I&LaLZC&("'0&=,BE&'AA',*-&'0G@-B&.@$B"G>@*'*+&=,BE&BE",*&.*"'B,@$I&P[&2$&)D(@*&>@0,B,.'0&BE"@*+C&-""&eI&;I&400"$C&4&'--,G\&'$(&O'G>1"00C&_E'?"H&->"'*"9-&9@>D0'*&/0,J'1"BE'$&-DGG'H&B,@$-C&-""&94$&/FE@*B'B,@$&O@$."*$,$%&d@@(&2*("*&'$(&21"(,"$."&B@&!D0"*-&'$(&U'%,-B*'B"-9&'$(&94$&

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    '-&'$&@AA"$-"&'%',$-B&d@(C&'&-@D*."&@A&.@GGD$'0&>@00DB,@$&=E,.EC&-E@D0(&BE"&.*,G,$'0&0@$%&*"G',$&D$>D$,-E"(C&BE*"'B"$"(&B@&1*,$%&(,#,$"&=*'BE&(@=$&D>@$&BE"&"$B,*"&.@GG@$="'0I&7+&BE"&=@*(-&9)@&G"&1"0@$%"BE"$%"'$."C&'$(&*".@G>"$-"9&W6"DB"*@$@G+&RPQR[ZC&d@(&='-&D$("*-B@@(&B@&E'#"&*"-"*#"(&B@&D$,-EG"$B&@A&BE@-"&=E@&@AA"$("(&B,@$'0&,$-B'$."-C&E@="#"*C&='-&0"F&@A&"#,0-&'--@.,'B"(&=,BE&*"1"00,@$&'$(&*,@BC&'$(&*">*"-"$B"(&'-&'$&,G>,@D-&,$A*,$%"G"$B&@A&BE"&(,#,$"&>'B"$B&%*'$B"(&BE"&?,$%&'$(&G'%,-B*'B"-IP^&

    6"->,B"&BE"&'>>'*"$B&-,G>0,.,B+&@A&)D(@*H_BD'*B&BE"@*+C&="&GD-B&$@B&1"&G,-0"(&,$B@&'--DG,$%&BE'B&BE"&0,$"&1"B=""$&9>D10,.9&'$(&9>*,#'B"9&#"$%"'$."&='-&",BE"*&.0"'*.DB&@*&%"$"*'00+&'%*""(&D>@$I&N$(""(C&BE"&=@*(&G'%,-B*'B"&G,0,B'B"(&'%',$-B&'&>*".,-"&("A,$,B,@$&@A9>D10,.&*"#"$%"C9&A@*C&*"B',$,$%&B*'."-&@A&,B-&5'B,$&("*,#'B,@$C&,B&G,%EB&("$@B"&$@B&@$0+&'&A@*G'00+&.@GG,--,@$"(&MD-B,."C&1DB&'0-@&'&$@10"G'$C&G,0,B'*+&@AA,."*C&@*&@BE"*&>"*-@$&,$&'DBE@*,B+IPV&)E"&0,$"&1"B=""$&9>D10,.9&'$(&9>*,#'B"9&*"#"$%"&='-&AD*BE"*&@1-.D*"(&1+&BE"&>"*>"BD'B,@$&@A&>*"H)D(@*&,$-B,BDH&B,@$-&*"SD,*,$%&>*,#'B"&-D1M".B-&B@&>"*A@*G&AD$.B,@$-&=E,.E&=@D0(&B@H&('+&1"&*"%'*("(&'-&*@DB,$"&>@0,."&=@*?I&)E"&9='B.E"-9&=E,.E&>'B*@00"(&.,B+&-B*""B-&"'.E&$,%EB&="*"&G'("&D>&@A&.,B,J"$-&"F>".B"(&B@&-"*#"&1+&BD*$IPa&)E"&9ED"&'$(&.*+9&>0'."(&D>@$&'00&'10"H1@(,"(&G"$&,$&"'.E&

    P^&_""C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&O*'$G"*C&94&_"*G@$&O@$."*$,$%&BE"&),G"&@A&BE"&!"1"00,@$9\&'$(&5'B,G"*C&94&_"*G@$&@$&BE"&d@->"0&@A&400&_',$B-C9&U,-."00'$"@D-&5"BB"*-&'$(&;*,B,$%-C&>I&]aLI&PV&)ED-&BE"&U,**@*&A@*&U'%,-B*'B"-&("'0-&=,BE&BE"&.'*""*-&@A&>D10,.&A,%D*"-&*"0'B,#"0+&A"=&@A&=E@G&="*"&.@GG,--,@$"(&MD-B,."-I&_""&'0-@&U*@JC&>>I&RPHRXI&Pa&2$&)D(@*&0'=&"$A@*."G"$BC&-""&;I&UI&5""C&4&"((,$%&"B&'0I&W7@-B@$C&La^@H^]ZC&c@0I&L[C&>>I&RRXHR]^I&

    ]a&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    >'*,-E&*"->@$-,1,0,B+&A@*&>D*-D,$%&G'0"A'.B@*-&(,-.@#"*"(&=,BE,$&>'*,-E&0,G,B-I&)ED-C&'-&BE"&/0,J'1"BE'$&-B'B"-G'$&_,*&)E@G'-&_G,BE&"F>0',$"(C&9"D"*,"&/$%0,-E&G'$&,-&'&-"*%,'$B&B@&B'?"&BE"&BE""A"C&'$(&=E@&-E"="BE&E,G-"0A"&$"%0,%"$B&BE"*",$C&(@BE&$@B&@$0+&,$.D**"&"D,00&@>,$,@$&BE"*"H&A@*"C&1DB&E'*(0+&-E'00&"-.'>"&>D$,-EG"$BI9PX&O"$B*'0&B@&BE"&.@$.">B&@A9>D10,.9&*"#"$%"&='-&BE"&>*,$.,>0"&@A&(,#,$"&G'$('B"C&D>@$&=E,.E&BE"&?,$%&'$(&G'%,-B*'B"-&%*@D$("(&BE",*&'DBE@*H&,B+I&6,#,$"&G'$('B"C&E@="#"*C&G,%EB&1"&D$("*-B@@(&B@&"FB"$(&1"+@$(&BE"&A@*G'0&-B*D.BD*"-&@A&.,#,0&%@#"*$G"$BC&-@&BE'B&>*'.B,."-&=E,.E&(,(&$@B&.@$A@*G&B@&@*BE@(@F&("A,$,B,@$-&@A9>D10,.9"$%"'$."&G,%EB&$"#"*H&BE"0"--&1"&("A"$("(&A*@G&BE"&,G>DB'B,@$&@A&9>*,#'B"9&*"#"$%"I&)E"&*"H&#"$%"*&@A&10@@(&WBE"&$"FB&@A&?,$&@A&'&.*,G,$'09-,.B,GZ&.@D0(&1"&*"H&%'*("(&'-&'.B,$%&=,BE&(,#,$"&G'$('B"C&A@*&BE"&T"$B'B"D.EC&=E,.E&*"A0".B-&BE"&E,-B@*+&@A&'&10@@(&*"#"$%"&B*'(,B,@$&-,G,0'*&B@&/$%0'$(9-C&("A,$"(&E,-&(DB,"-&,$&3DG1"*-&R[QLXQ&9)E"&*"#"$%"*&@A&10@@(&E,G-"0A&-E'00&-0'+&BE"&GD*("*"*Q&=E"$&E"&G""B"BE&E,GC&E"&-E'00&-0'+&E,GI9RY&)E"&(D"00,-B&G,%EB&'0-@&.0',G&B@&1"&'&EDG'$&'%"$B&@A&(,#,$"&*"B*,1DB,@$C&-,$."C&'.H&.@*(,$%&B@&'$&'*%DG"$B&A*"SD"$B0+&'((D."(C&-D.E&.@G1'B-&9'*"&"D"*H&G@*"&(,*".B"(&1+&BE"&-".*"B&=,00&@A&d@(C&'$(&'*"&BE"&"F".DB,@$-&@A&E,-&E,(("$&,D(%"G"$B-I9RL&)E"&"F,%"$.,"-&@A&!"A@*G'B,@$&>@0,B,.-&"$.@D*'%"(&.@$-,("*'10"&A0"FH&,1,0,B+&@$&BE"&SD"-B,@$&@A&BE"&'0B"*$'B,#"-&@>"$&B@&>*,#'B"&-D1M".B-&=E"$&>D10,.&MD-B,."&A',0-I&;,BE&BE"&'.."--,@$&@A&'&O'BE@0,.&SD""$&,$&L[[RC&T*@B"-B'$B&BE,$?"*-&1"%'$&B@&.@$-,("*&=,BE&,$.*"'-,$%&@>"$G,$("($"--&BE"&.,*.DG-B'$."-&=E,.E&G,%EB&MD-B,A+&1+>'--,$%&*@+'0&'DBE@*,B+I&)ED-C&OE*,-B@>E"*&d@@(G'$&'*%D"(&BE'B&=E"$&.,#,0&'DBE@*,B,"-&>*@#"&$"%0,H&%"$B&,$&'(G,$,-B"*,$%&MD-B,."C&9BE"&>"@>0"9&E'#"&$@B&@$0+&BE"&*,%EB&1DB&BE"&9(D"B,"&B@&(@&,B&BE"G&-"0D"-C&I&II&E'D,$%&BE"&=@*("&@A&d@(&A@*&BE",*&='**'$BC&B@&=E,.E&BE"+&'*"&'00&-D1,".BC&'$(&1+&BE"&-'G"&.E'*%"(&B@&.'-B&A@*BE"&'00&"D,00&A*@G&BE"GI9RP&)E"&-'G"&'*%DG"$B&='-&>DB&A@*BE&1+&BE"&_.@BB,-E&T*@B"-B'$B-&=E@&(">@-"(&U'*+&_BD'*BC&'..D-"(&@A&E'#,$%&1""$&

    PX&_G,BEC&NC&PYI&RY&2$&BE""$("BB'&'G@$%&1,10,.'0&>"@>0"-C&-""&)*"-B@$C&>'--,GC&1DB&"->I&>>I&LHLYQ&'$(&

    K@*-+BEC&>>I&^@AAI&RL&_'#,@0@C&A@0I&.P#I&RP&"*,@*&T@="*-&2D%EB&B@&1"&21"+"(&W`d"$"#'ibC&L[[aZC&>I&LXYI&2$& 'BB,BD("-&

    B@='*(-&B+*'$$,.,("&,$&BE"&-,FB""$BE&."$BD*+C&-""&!@0'$(&U@D-$,"*C&)E"&4--'--,$'B,@$&@A&'--,GC&1DB&"->I&>>I&^RHPPaI&

    ]X&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    '&>'*B+&B@&E"*&ED-1'$(9-&GD*("*IRR&_,G,0'*&*"'-@$,$%&0'+&1"E,$(&BE"&N$-B*DG"$B&@A&4--@.,'B,@$C&BE"&1@$(&1+&=E,.E&BE@D-'$(-&@A&/$%0,-E&%"$B0"G"$C&A"'*AD0&BE'B&O'BE@0,.&.@$->,*'.,"-&G,%EB&1*,$%&U'*+&B@&BE"&/$%0,-E&BE*@$"C@="(&9,$&BE"&>*"-"$."&@A&BE"&"B"*$'0&'$(&"#"*0'-B,$%&d@(&III& B@&'.B&BE"&DBG@-B&*"#"$%"9&A@*&'$+&'BB"G>B&@$&/0,J'1"BE9-&0,A"&D>@$&'00&=E@&-B@@(&B@&1"$"A,B&1+&E"*&("'BEIR]&3",BE"*&)D(@*&>@0,B,.'0&BE"@*+&$@*&)D(@*&*"0,%,@$&*"M".B"(&BE"&10@@(HA@*H10@@(&"BE,.&=E,.E&='-&BE"&1'-,-&@A&>*,#'B"C&>D10,.C&'$(&(,#,$"&#"$%"'$."&'0,?"I&NB&='-&-,G>0+&'--"*B"(&BE'B&,$&G'BB"*-&@A&A"0@$+&d@(&'$(&BE"&?,$%&="*"&BE"&>'*B,"-&G@-B&@AA"$("(C&'$(&BE'B&B@&BE"G&='-&*"-"*#"(&BE"&*,%EB&B@&"F'.B&*"B*,1DB,@$I&N$&%"$"*'0C&)D(@*&'BB,BD("-&B@='*(&.*,G"&'$(&>D$,-EG"$B&G'$,A"-B"(&0,BB0"&.@$."*$&=,BE&",BE"*&9OE*,-B,'$9&G"*.+&@*&BE"&-@.,'0&*"E'1,0,B'B,@$&@A&BE"&.*,G,$'0IR[&)E"&-B"*$"*&'->".B-&@A&)D(@*&MD-B,."&="*"&*",$A@*."(&1+&BE"&!"A@*G'B,@$C&=,BE&,B-&-E,AB&,$&"G>E'-,-&A*@G&d@(9-&-'#,$%&G"*.+&B@&"I&_"$B"$."-&="*"&-"#"*"C&'$(&"F".DB,@$-C&>D10,.0+&'BB"$("(C&="*"&*"%'*("(&'-&.@$#"$,"$B0+&.@G1,$,$%&,$-B*D.B,@$&'$(&("0,%EBIRa&RR&)E,-&,("'&,-&>*"-"$B"(&,$&>,.B@*,'0&B"*G-&,$&BE"&96'*$0"+&U"G@*,'0&T@*B*',BC9&'BB*,1H&DB"(&B@&5,#,$D-&("&c@%"0''*"C&'$(&$@=&'B&*@#,-,@$-&@A&BE"&N$-B*DG"$B&="*"&-D1-"H&SD"$B0+&>'--"(&,$B@&0'=&'-&PV&/0,J'1"BEC&.'>I&LI&R[&2$&.*,G"&'$(&>D$,-EG"$B&,$&!"$',--'$."&/$%0'$(C&-""&_G,BEC&NNC&P]\&5I&YI&T,?"C&4&>I&[VH^^I&2$&BE"&-"#"*'0&A@*G-&@A&MD-B,."&'G@$%&=E,.E&BE"&!"$',--'$."&(,-B,$%D,-E"(C&-""&e'$"&4>"B?'*C&N.@$-&@A&eD-B,."&W3"=&:@*?C&LX^XZC&>>I&[]H[VI&R^&2$&BE,-&-E,ABH'$(&,B-&*">"*.D--,@$-&,$&-,FB""$BEH."$BD*+&/$%0,-E&0,B"*'BD*"H-""&;,00'*(&K'*$E'GC&)E"&U"(,"#'0&>I&PLRH][PI&RV&95".BD*"-&@$&d"$"-,-C9&,$&)E"&4G"*,.'$&/(,B,@$&@A&5DBE"*9-&;@*?-C@0I&NNC&"(I&T"0,?'$&'$(&T@"00@B&W_BI&5@D,-C&LX^YZC&>I&L]YI&Ra&2$&BE"&BE"@0@%,.'0&'$(&.,#,0&,G>0,.'B,@$-&@A&.*,G"C&-""&I&LPAAI&

    [Y&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    )E"&3"=&6,->"$-'B,@$C&=E,.E&="&G,%EB&-D>>@-"&B@&E'#"&1""$&.@$H&-,("*"(&'&G@("*'B,$%&,$A0D"$."&D>@$&BE"&-B"*$&MD-B,."&@A&BE"&20(&)"-B'H&G"$BC&='-&-""$&B@&.@G>0"G"$B&*'BE"*&BE'$&-D>"*-"("&BE"&U@-',.&O@("I&_,%$,A,.'$B0+C&BE"&d"$"#'&7,10"&%0@--"-&BE"&9"+"&A@*&'$&"+"9&>'--'%"&,$&/F@(D-&PL& $@B&=,BE&'&*"A"*"$."&B@&OE*,-B,'$&G,0($"--&1DB&-,G>0+&=,BE&BE"&'--"*B,@$&BE'B&9BE"&"F".DB,@$&@A&BE,-&0'=&@$0+&1"0@$%"(&B@&BE"&G'%,-H&B*'B"-I9&N$(""(C&BE"&("G@$-B*'B,@$&BE'B&BE"&U@-',.&O@("&E'(&$@B&1""$&'1*@%'B"(&1+&OE*,-B9-&'(G@$,B,@$&B@&9*"-,-B&$@B&"#,09&WU'BBE"=&[QR&aHRXZ&='-&'&>@>D0'*&BE"G"&,$&"'*0+&T*@B"-B'$B&=*,B,$%IRX&)E"&>"*#'-,#"$"--&@A&"#,0C&,B&='-&'*%D"(C&*"$("*"(&*"B*,1DB,@$&$"."--'*+C&'$(&BE"&,$B"$B&@A&U'BBE"=&[QRX&='-C&'..@*(,$%0+C&$@B&B@&0"B&.*,G,$'0-&@AA&-.@BHA*""&1DB&*'BE"*&B@&(,-.@D*'%"&OE*,-B,'$-&A*@G&-""?,$%&*"B*,1DB,@$&A@*&D$HOE*,-H&B,'$&*"'-@$-I&)E"&%@@(&OE*,-B,'$&='-&"F>".B"(&B@&-DAA"*&=,BE&*"-,%$'B,@$&'00&,$MD*+&B@&E,G-"0AC&'$(&B@&*"G',$&,G>"*#,@D-&B@&BE"&>*@G>B,$%-&@A&E'B*"(C&'$%"*C&'$(&-"0AH,$B"*"-BI&*@B".B,@$C&'$(&E"0>&'$(&(@&'-&GD.E&'-&E"&.'$&B@&'.E,"#"&,BI9]Y&

    )@('+C&=,BE&BE*""&."$BD*,"-9&E,$(-,%EBC&="&.'$&(,-."*$&BE"&B*"$(&@A&)D(@*H_BD'*B&-@.,@H0"%'0&,$-B,BDB,@$-&'='+&A*@G&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$BI&0"G"$B'*+C&-@G"&@#"*0'>>,$%C&-@G"&*"(D$('$BC&1DB&$@$"&-@&G'$,A"-B0+&"AA".B,#"&'-&B@&*"$("*&BE"&@BE"*-&-D>"*A0D@D-H.@D0(&*"'(,0+&D$("*-B'$(&@*&'>>*"H&.,'B"&BE"&$'BD*"&@A&BE"&B*'$-A@*G'B,@$&BE*@D%E&=E,.E&BE"+&="*"&0,#,$%I&NA&e'G"-9-&-D1M".B-&*"'0,J"(&E@=&-@.,'00+&(,-*D>B,#"&BE"&(D"0&G,%EB&1"C&BE"+&'0-@&*".@%$,J"(&BE'B&,B&='-&,$&BE"&"+"-&@A&G'$+&BE"&@$0+&G"'$-&'#',0'10"&A@*&BE"&>*@B".B,@$&@A&BE",*&*">DB'B,@$-&'$(&E@$@*I&NA&BE"+&="*"&.@%$,J'$B&@A&BE"&>@B"$B,'0&('$%"*&@A&@BE"*&A@*G-&@A&-"0AH%@#"*$G"$BC&BE"+&="*"&'0-@&'='*"&@A&BE"&,$"AA,.,"$.+&@A&BE"&.,#,0&'DBE@*,B,"-H@A&BE",*&,$'1,0,B+&,$&G'$+&.'-"-&B@&,("$B,A+&'$(&'>>*"E"$(&.*,G,$'0-C&'$(&B@&-""&BE"G&.@$#,.B"(&'$(&>D$,-E"(I&

    RX&_""C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&5DBE"*C&)"G>@*'0&4DBE@*,B+C&;@*?-C@0I&j5cC&"(I&7*'$(B&'$(&_.E,$("0&WTE,0'("0>E,'C&LX^PZC&XXAAI\&'$(&O'0#,$C&N$-B,BDB"-C&7@@?&]IPYI&]Y&)"G>@*'0&4DBE@*,B+C&>I&Y0@I&5DBE"*&,-&$@B&->"'?,$%&@A&9>*,#'B""$%"'$."C9&1DB&*'BE"*&@A&-"",$%&MD-B,."&(@$"I&

    [L&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

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d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

    6,#,$""$%"'$."C&."*B',$0+&@$"&@A&BE"&G@-B&,G>@*B'$B&.@$.">B-&B@&"F"*B&,B-&,$A0D"$."&@$&-,FB""$BEH."$BD*+&BE@D%EBC&='-C&'-&E'-&@AB"$&1""$&$@B"(C&'&>"*#'-,#"&BE"G"&,$&)D(@*H_BD'*B&B*'%"(+I&:"B&,B&,-&,G>*@1'10"&

    ]L&)E"&G@-B&.@G>"B"$B&,$#"-B,%'B,#"&A@*."C&;'0-,$%E'G9-&'%%*"--,#"&'$(&'-BDB"&,$B"0H&0,%"$."C&.@$A,$"(&,B-"0A&0'*%"0+&B@&-""?,$%&@DB&>@0,B,.'0&'$(&*"0,%,@D-&9-D1#"*-,#"-I9&]P&T*,$%0"C&>>I&[[H[^I&]R&)E"&/--'+"-C&B*I&K0@*,@&W5@$(@$C&L^YRZC&LIPPC&.,B"(&1+&;'B-@$C&>I&LPaI&2$&!"$',-H&-'$."&'G1,#'0"$."&*"%'*(,$%&9>*,#'B"&*"#"$%"C9&-""&;'B-@$C&>>I&LPVAAI&

    [P&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    BE'B&="&-E'00&"#"*&1"&'10"&B@&D$*'#"0&BE"&BE*"'(-&@A&A',BE&'$(&-?">B,.,-G&=E,.E&G'("&D>&BE"&A'1*,.&@A&!"$',--'$."&/$%0,-EG"$9-&'BB,BD("-&B@H&='*(-&BE,-&A'*H*"'.E,$%&,("'I&2$&BE"&@$"&E'$(C&(,#,$""$%"'$."&='-&,$&."*B',$&*"->".B-&'&E@00@=&.@$#"$B,@$C&'$&'00&B@@&.@$#"$,"$B&BE"@*+&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$&BE""*+&$"'B$"--&@A&=E,.E&*"$("*"(&,B&-D->".BI&2$&BE"&@BE"*&E'$(C&E@="#"*C&,B&='-&'$&"FB*"G"0+&D-"AD0&.@$.">B&=E,.E&.@D0(&-"*#"&'-&'&-@*B&@A&"BE,.'0&[email protected]@$"&1+&G"'$-&@A&=E,.E&BE"'*,@D-&A@*G-&@A&EDG'$&*"B*,1DB,@$&.@D0(&1"&"#'0D'B"(&'$(&*"0'B"(&B@&"'.E&@BE"*I&U@*"H&@#"*C&,B&>*@#,("(&.@GA@*B,$%&*"'--D*'$."&BE'B&"#"$&BE"&'>>'*"$B&B*,H&DG>E-&@A&"#,0&'$(&BE"&(">*"--,$%&A',0D*"-&@A&EDG'$&MD-B,."&E'(&BE",*&>0'."-&,$&BE"&6,#,$"&T0'$&'$(&=@D0(C&,$&d@(9-&B,G"C&1"&*"#"*-"(C&B@&*@#,("$B,'00+&@*("*"(,-,B'B,@$&@A&d@(9-&#"$%"'$."&D>@$&BE"&_'B'$,.&A@*."-&=E,.E&E'(&.@**D>B"(&BE"&OED*.EI]]&6D*,$%&BE"&('*?&('+-&@A&BE"&L[a@9-&'$(&9XY@9-C&=E"$&BE"&O'BE@0,.&/$B"*H&>*,-"&BE*"'B"$"(&B@&-$DAA&@DB&/$%0,-E&T*@B"-B'$B,-GC&BE"&@>"*'B,@$&@A&(,#,$"&*"B*,1DB,@$&='-&-""$&,$&BE"&"F>@-D*"-&@A&O'G>,@$C&)E*@.?H&G@*B@$C&7'1,$%B@$C&'$(&@BE"*&O'BE@0,.&.@$->,*'B@*-C&=E,0"&BE"&("H&-B*D.B,@$&@A&BE"&4*G'('&='-&*"'(&'-&BE"&>D$,-EG"$B,-,B"(&1+&d@(&D>@$&>*@D(&'$(&>'>,-B&_>',$I][&2$&BE"&>@0,B,.@H0"%'0&0"#"0C&(,#,$"&#"$%"'$."&*"'AA,*G"(&BE"&'DBE@*,B+&@A&BE"&?,$%&'$(&G'%,-B*'B"-&1+&G'?,$%&BE"G&,B-&'%"$B-C&=E,0"&E@0(,$%&A@*BE&BE"&>*@G,-"&BE'B&"#"$&BE@-"&.*,G,$'0-&=E@&.E'$."(&B@&"#'("&.,#,0&MD-B,."&=@D0(&$@B&"-.'>"&>D$,-EG"$BI&2A&>'*B,.D0'*&,$B"*"-B&B@&!"$',--'$."&/$%0,-EG"$&="*"&BE"&='+-&,$&=E,.E&BE"&E"'#"$-&="*"&BE@D%EB&B@&*"#"'0&'$(&*"#"$%"&-".*"B&.*,G"-I&4-&O'G>1"00C&;,00'*(&K'*$E'GC&'$(&0,.'B"(&=@*?,$%-&@A&(,#,$"&*"B*,1DB,@$&"$M@+"(&.@$H&-,("*'10"&>@>D0'*,B+&(D*,$%&BE"&0'B"&-,FB""$BE&'$(&"'*0+&-"#"$B""$BE&

    ]]&2$&T*@B"-B'$B&E,-B@*,@%*'>E+C&-""&/*$-B&5""&)D#"-@$C&U,00"$$,DG&'$(&8B@>,'&W7"*?"H&0"+&'$(&5@-&4$%"0"-C&LX]XZC&>>I&PPHVY\& 3@*G'$&O@E$C&)E"&TD*-D,B&@A&BE"&U,00"$$,DGC&W3"=&:@*?C&LX^LZC&>>I&P[LHRY^\& '$(&!I&7*@D("C&9c,$(,.B'&K,0,'&)"G>@*,-C9&e/dTC&VP&WLXVRZC&]aXH[YPI&][&_""C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&'G@$%&BE"&1'00'(-&>D10,-E"(&1+&!I&;I&U@*A,00C&7'00'(-&!"0'B,$%&B@&

    BE"&!",%$&@A&fD""$&/0,J'1"BEC&T'*B&,$C&7'00'(-&A*@G&U'$D-.*,>B-C@0I&,$&W5@$(@$C&LaVRZC&9)E"&O@G>0',$B&@A&'&OE*,-B,'$&I&II9& W>>I&LaXHLX@Z\&94&7*,"A&4$-="*I&I&I9&W>>I&LaYHLaLZ\&'$(&94&T*@>"*&3"=&7'00'(&I&I&I9&W>I&XPZI&2$& .@$B"G>@*'*+,"=-H1@BE& /$%0,-E&'$(&_>'$,-EH*"%'*(,$%&BE"&E'$(&@A&d@(&,$&BE"&4*G'('9-&("-B*D.B,@$C&-""&d'**"BB&U'BB,$%0+C&)E"&4*G'('&W7@-B@$C&LX[XZC&>>I&RaVHRXP\&'$(&4I&UI&I&LXa&'$(&PLYI&)E"&94*G'('&G"('0-9&1@*"&BE"&G@BB@&K0'#,B&"B&6,--,>'B,&_D$BHd@(&1*"'BE"(&'$(&BE"+&="*"&-.'BB"*"(I&

    [R&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

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d@(9-"$%"'$."I]V&_D.E&B'0"-&'*"&$@#"00"&,$&BE"&-"$-"&@A&BE"&=@*(H*"B"00,$%-&@A&*"G'*?'10"&E'>>"$,$%-I&NB&,-&BE"&@((C&D$"F>".B"(C&-@G"B,G"-&1,J'**"C&1DB&'0='+-&*"0"$B0"--0+&0@%,.'0&='+-&,$&=E,.E&BE"&E"'#"$-&=@*?&BE'B&%,#"&BE"-"&-B@*,"-&BE",*&>@,$BI&

    6*'G'B,.&.@D$B"*>'*B-&@A&-D.E&$'**'B,#"-C&BE"&>0'+-&="&.'00&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+&G'+&1"&*"'(C&'B&0"'-B&@$&@$"&0"#"0C&'-&("G@$-B*'B,@$-&@A&BE"&='+-&,$&=E,.E&d@(&*"#"'0-&'$(&*"#"$%"-&-".*"B&.*,G"-I&)E",*&B*"'BG"$B-&@A&BE,-&BE"G"&'*"&E,%E0+&.@$#"$B,@$'0,J"(H,$(""(C&A@*GD0',.I&4&-".*"B&.*,G"HD-D'00+&1DB&$@B&'0='+-&GD*("*H,-&.@GG,BB"(I&K"'*&@A&(,-H&.@#"*+&%@'(-&BE"&.*,G,$'0&,$B@&,$.*"'-,$%0+&,$B*,.'B"&'$(&A*'$B,.&-B*'B'H&%"G-C&"'.E&@A&=E,.E&T*@#,("$."&BD*$-&1'.?&D>@$&E,GC&-@&BE'B&E,-&"AA@*B-&B@&.@$."'0&E,-&%D,0B&-"*#"&,$-B"'(&B@&"F>@-"&E,GI&)E"&("#,."&1+&=E,.E&E"&E@>"-&@$."&'$(&A@*&'00&B@&"-.'>"&E,-&>D*-D"*-C&("-B*@+&E,-&"$"G,"-C&@*&-".D*"&BE"&>@="*&=E,.E&=,00&%D'*'$B""&E,G&-'A"B+&,-&B*'$-A@*G"(&1+&T*@#,("$."&,$B@&BE"&@>>@*BD$,B+&A@*&=E,.E&E,-&"$"G,"-&E'#"&1""$&=',BH&,$%C&-@&BE'B&'B&E,-&"$(C&'-&'B&"'.E&-B'%"&@A&E,-&.'*""*C&BE"&.*,G,$'0&>*@#"-&BE"&,$-B*DG"$B&@A&E,-&@=$&D$(@,$%I&)E'B&BE"&-".*"B&.*,G,$'0&1"&E@,-B&=,BE&E,-&@=$&>"B'*(&,-&."$B*'0&B@&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+9-&G"'$,$%C&A@*&BE"&"--"$."&@A&.*,G,$'0&(">*'#,B+&,-&.@$.",#"(&B@&1"&BE"&.*,G,$'09-&>*,("&,$&E,-&@=$&.D$$,$%&'$(&E,-&.@$-"H&SD"$B&.@$B"G>B&A@*&(,#,$"&MD-B,."I&N00D-B*'B,$%&BE"&B"FB&9)E"&5@*(&,-&?$@=$&1+&BE"&MD(%G"$B&E"&"F".DB"BE\&BE"&=,.?"(&,-&-$'*"(&,$&BE"&=@*?&@A&E,-&@=$&E'$(-9&WT-'0G-&XQL^ZC&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+&D$("*0,$"-&BE"&0,G,B'H&B,@$-&@A&.*,G,$'0,-,@$C&D-,$%&(*'G'B,.&,*@$+&B@&"$'10"&BE"&'D(,"$."&B@&-'#@*&BE"&>*@."--&1+&=E,.E&BE"&.*,G,$'0C&B@@&$"'*-,%EB"(&B@&(@D1B&E,-&.@$B*@0&@#"*&"#"$B-C&>*@.""(-&E"'(0@$%&B@='*(&("'BE&'$(&('G$'B,@$I&

    ]^&O'G>1"00C&9)E"@*,"-&@A&!"#"$%"C9&>>I&PRaAA\&K'*$E'GC&>>I&PVLHRRX\&'$(&4('G-C&>>I&P^H[RI&]V&O@G>'*"C&A@*&"F'G>0"C&BE"&-B@*+&@A&7,'$.'&U'*,'C&O@D$B"--&@A&O"0'$B&WU'*-B@$9-&9,$-'B,'B"&.@D$B"--9Z&'-&B@0(&1+&7'$("00@&W,C& ]ZC&7"00"A@*"-B&W$C&PYZ&'$(&T',$B"*&W$C&P]ZI&

    []&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

    ),G"&,-&BE"&G"(,DG&,$&=E,.E&T*@#,("$."&=@*?-C&="'#,$%&"#"$B-&,$B@&.@G>0"F&>'BB"*$-&=E,.E&*"G',$&1"+@$(&G@*B'0&?"$&D$B,0&BE"&G@G"$B&@A&BE",*&.@G>0"B,@$I&!"B*,1DB,@$C&="&E"'*&'%',$&'$(&'%',$C&,-&G"*"0+&'&G'BB"*&@A&B,G"Q&9),G"&,-&BE"&'DBE@*&1@BE&@A&B*DBE&'$(&*,%EB9\&9),G"&k&;,00&G'?"&BE"&GD*("*"*&1*,$%&A@*BE&E,G-"0A9\&96"&K0@*"-&E'-&'&=@$H&(*@D-&E@$"-B&E"'*B\&k&@$-"H0"$B&,B-"0A&*"'(,0+&B@&BE"&-@*B&@A&(*'G'B,.&-B*D.BD*"&,$&=E,.E&'&>0'+&,-&1D,0B&D>&A*@G&-"#"*'0&'.B,@$-&>*"-"$B,$%&.@G>0"G"$B'*+&'->".B-&@A&'&."$B*'0&,("'I&4*@D$(&BE"&(,#,$""$%"'$."C&BE"&@>"*'B,@$&@A&=E,.E&A@*G-&BE"&$'**'B,#"&'$(&BE"G'B,.&."$B"*&@A&"'.E&*"#"$%"&>0'+C&'*"&(,->@-"(&BE"'*,@D-&A@*G-&@A&EDG'$"$%"'$."C&'**'$%"(&-@&BE'B&BE"+&G'+&("A,$"&'$(&.@GG"$B&D>H&@$&@$"&'$@BE"*I&N$&%"$"*'0C&BE"-"&A@*G-&@A&EDG'$"$%"'$."&'*"&-""$&'-&*"A0".B,@$-&@A&(,#,$"&MD-B,."I&4B&BE",*&1"-BC&BE"+&'*"&,G>"*A".B&,G'%"-&@A&(,#,$"&*"B*,1DB,@$C&E'#,$%&'-&BE",*&"$(-&BE"&G',$B"$'$."&@A&.@-G,.&'$(&>@0,B,.'0&@*("*&BE*@D%E&BE"&"$A@*."G"$B&@A&d@(9-&0'=-I&4B&BE",*&=@*-BC&BE"+&'*"&>"*#"*-,@$-&@A&(,#,$""$%"'$."C&,G>,@D-&,$-@A'*&'-&BE"+&>0'."&@BE"*&"$(-HBE"&-'B,-A'.B,@$&@A&>"*-@$'0&>'--,@$-&@*&BE"&("A"$-"&@A&A'G,0+&E@$@*H'1@#"&(,#,$"&MD-B,."I&)ED-C"$%"'$."&-D.E&'-&O0"*G@$B&(94G1@,-9C&D$B',$B"(&1+&E'B*"(&@*&'$%"*C&'$(&"F".DB"(&=,BE&'$&'='*"H&$"--&@A&(,#,$"&G,--,@$C&,-&G@-B&$"'*0+&,$&'..@*(&=,BE&6,#,$"&TD*>@-"I]X&WO0"*G@$B9-"$%"'$."&,-&.@$B*'-B"(&=,BE&BE'B&=E,.E&U@$B-D**+&E'-&B'?"$&D>@$&7D--+&'$(&BE'B&=E,.E&OE'*0@BB"&*".@GG"$(-&1"&B'?"$&D>@$&U@$B-D**+IZ&4B&BE"&@BE"*&"FB*"G"&,-&@="*C&.@$(D.B"(&'B&BE"&"F>"$-"&@A&,$$@."$B&1+-B'$("*-C&'$(&("#@B"(&B@&BE"&-D1#"*-,@$&@A&>@0,B,.'0&'$(&.@-G,.&@*("*I&W".B,#"0+C&)E"&_>'$,-E&)*'%"(+C&,$C&PC&LI&[a&W!"#"0-&T0'+-&"(IZ\&)E"&!"#"$%"*9-&)*'%"(+CI,,,ILLV& W!"#"0-&T0'+-&"(IZ\&'$(&)E"&OE'$%"0,$%C&,#I,,I[VH[a&W!"#"0-&T0'+-&"(IZI&]X&2$&O0"*G@$BC&-""&!I&7*@D("C&9d"@*%"&OE'>G'$9-&_B@,.HOE*,-B,'$&!"#"$%"*C9&_TC&

    VY&WLXVRZC&[LHH^LI&

    [[&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

    #"$%"'$."&,-&-"B&@AA&'%',$-B&BE"&MD-B"$%"'$."&B'?"$&D>@$&E,G&1+&U'BE,'-C&U'*BE'C&'$(&e@E$&@A&_'F@$+IZ&)E,-&G@("&@A&BE"G'B,.&@*%'$,H&J'B,@$&,-&="00&-D,B"(&B@&BE"&>D*>@-"-&@A&>0'+=*,%EB-&=E@C&0,?"&OE'>G'$&'$(&)@D*$"D*C&G'+&1"&.@$."*$"(&=,BE&"F'G,$,$%&BE"&$'BD*"&'$(&A@*G-&@A&*"B*,1DB,@$&'$(&"F>0@*,$%&BE"&.@D*-"-&@>"$&B@&MD-B&G"$&0,#,$%&,$&-@.,"B,"-&=E"*"&.,#,0&MD-B,."&E'-&1*@?"$&(@=$I&@-"&BE,-&-@*B&@A&BE"G'B,.&-B*D.BD*"C&A@*&BE"'*,@D-&A@*G-&@A&*"#"$%"&>@*B*'+"(&'*"&G@-B&*"'(,0+&D$("*-B@@(&,$&B"*G-&@A&BE",*&*"0'B,@$-E,>-&B@&"'.E&@BE"*I&)ED-&BE"&$'BD*"&@A&BE"&*"#"$%"&BE"G"&.@G1,$"(&=,BE&(*'G'B,.&.@$#"$B,@$&B@&,$#,B"&.@$-,("*'B,@$&@A&BE"&*"0,%,@D-C&"BE,.'0C&'$(&-@.,@H&0"%'0&,G>0,.'B,@$-&@A&*"#"$%"I&;E,0"&BE"&$'**'B,#"&'$(&BE"G'B,.&-B*D.BD*"&@A&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+&'--"*B-C&,$&'..@*('$."&=,BE&@*BE@(@F&)D(@*H_BD'*B&(@.B*,$"C&BE"&>*"."("$."&@A&.@-G,.&'$(&>@0,B,.'0&@*("*&@#"*&BE"&>*,$.,>0"-&@A&A'G,0+&-@0,('*,B+&'$(&>"*-@$'0&E@$@*C&BE"&B"$-,@$&1"B=""$&BE"-"&B=@&-"B-&@A'0D"-&@AB"$&>*@H&#,("-&'&[email protected]&A@*&(*'G'B,.&,$B"*"-BI&)E"&G@*'0&@A&)E"&4BE",-B9-&)*'%"(+H&BE'B&9>'B,"$."&,-&BE"&E@$"-B&G'$9-&*"#"$%"9H(">"$(-&A@*&,B-&A@*."&D>@$&BE"&.@$A0,.B&1"B=""$&10@@(&*"#"$%"HBE"&>*,$.,>0"-&@A&=E,.E&OE'*0"H&G@$B&,-&'B&A,*-B&>*">'*"(&B@&'..">BH'$(&BE"&A',BE&,$&d@(&=E,.E&)@D*H&$"D*&E"*"&*".@GG"$(-&'-&BE"&>,@D-&'0B"*$'B,#"I&)E""$%"'$."&@A&)'G@*'&,-&A,*G0+&%*@D$("(&,$&BE""$("BB'C&'$(&@D*&'>>*".,'B,@$&@A&BE,-&B*'(,B,@$&"$'10"-&D-&B@&-""&BE"&"0"G"$B&@A&MD-B,."&,$&E"*&>@-,B,@$C&'$(&BE"*"1+&B@&D$("*-B'$(&),BD-&4$(*@$,.D-&'-&'&=@*?&G@*"&.@G>0"F&BE'$&-,G>0"&%@@(H%D+-H#"*-D-H1'(H%D+-&G"0@(*'G'I&N$&*@#,("$B,'0&>*@%*'G&A@*&6"$G'*?9-&*"H&%"$"*'B,@$I&)E,-&B"$-,@$&.@$B*,1DB"-&B@&"$("$."&D>@$&@*BE@(@F&.@$.">B,@$-&@A&(,#,$"&'$(&EDG'$"$%"'$."C&*"#"$%"&>0'+-&'*"&1+&$@&G"'$-&-,G>0"&(*'G'B,.&E@G,0,"-I&2$&BE"&.@$B*'*+C&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+C&'-&'&.@*>D-C&*"H&A0".B-&'&.@$-,("*'10"&*'$%"&@A&!"$',--'$."&'BB,BD("-&B@='*(&*"#"$%"I&)E"*"&'*"C&B@&1"&-D*"C&>0'+-&>*"(,.'B"(&D>@$&BE"&.@$#"$B,@$'0&B*D-B&,$&d@(9-&MD-B,."&'$(&(@.B*,$',*"&.@$("G$'B,@$&@A&'00"$%"'$.",-,B"(&

    [^&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • !/c/3d/& 436& !/c/3d/& )!4d/6:&

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d@,$%&1"+@$(&OE'>G'$9-&0,1"*'0,-G&B@&'&>@-,B,@$&(,'H&G"B*,.'00+&@>>@-"(&B@&)@D*$"D*9-&@*BE@(@F+C&="&A,$(&BE'B&BE"&,*@$,.&E'$(0,$%&@A&*"#"$%"&>0'+&.@$#"$B,@$-&.'$&-@G"B,G"-&.@GGD$,.'B"&-"H&*,@D-&*"-"*#'B,@$-&'1@DB&BE"&9@AA,.,'09'0D"-&=,BE&=E,.E&BE"+&'*"&D-D'00+&'--@.,'B"(I&!"'(&BED-C&U'*0@="9-&e"=&@A&U'0B'&-""G-&'&G@-B&"AA".B,#"&#"E,.0"&A@*&,B-&'DBE@*9-&*">DB"(&-?">B,.,-GQ&BE"&.+$,.'0&,$(,AA"*"$."&@A&K"*$"J"&'$(&6"0&7@-.@&B@&BE"&*"0,%,@D-&'$(&G@*'0&>*,$.,>0"-&BE"+&>*@H&A"--&0"$(-&'&-'*(@$,.&$@B"&B@&BE"&>,@D-&.0@-,$%&.@D>0"B&,$&=E,.E&.*"(,B&A@*&U'0B'9-&("0,#"*'$."&,-&%,#"$&9$",BE"*&B@&K'B"&$@*&K@*BD$"C&1DB&B@&@*B*'+'0&@A&EDG'$"$%"'$."&B"$(-&B@&1"&G@*"&,$&?"">,$%&=,BE&BE"&E'*-E&*"'0,B,"-&@A&!"$',--'$."&0,A"I&7@BE&9>D10,.9&'$(&9>*,#'B"9"$%"'$."&'*"&(">,.B"(&=,BE&'&-E'*>&"+"&A@*&BE",*&#'*,@D-&A',0,$%-I&O,#,0&MD-B,."&,-&*'*"0+&>*"-"$B"(&*D$$,$%&'&-G@@BE&.@D*-"I&4B&,B-&=@*-BC&,B&,-&G'$,A"-B0+&.@**D>BC&>"*#"*B"(&B@&BE"&D-"-&@A&B+*'$B-&-D.E&'-&_'BD*$,$D-&@*&T,"*@I&N$&,B-&1"BB"*&G@G"$B-C&,B&,-&0,?"0+&B@&1"&="00&,$B"$B,@$"(&1DB&$"'*-,%EB"(Q&=,B$"--&BE"&MD(%"-&=E@&>*"-,("&'B&OE'*0"G@$B9-&B*,'0I&;,BE&BE"&"F.">B,@$&@A&E"*@&*"#"$%"*-&-D.E&'-&*@#@.'B,@$&'$(&G'$,A"-B&"#,("$."&@A&(,#,$"&G'$('B"ZC"$H&%"'$."&=E,.E&1+>'--"-&BE"&?,$%&@*&G'%,-B*'B"&,-&D-D'00+&*">*"-"$B"(&'-&,**"->@$-,10"&'$(&('$%"*@D-I&K'G,0,"-&'$(&,$(,#,(D'0-&'*"&-E@=$&'#"$%H&,$%&BE"G-"0#"-&=,BE&.'00@D-&,$(,AA"*"$."&B@&-@.,'0&*">"*.D--,@$-C&,$MD*,$%&BE"&,$$@."$BC&'$(&D$("*G,$,$%&.,#,0&@*("*I&)E"&=@*0(&@A&*"#"$%"&B*'%"(+&,-C&BE"$C&@$"&,$&=E,.E&GD*("*C&*'>"C&'(D0B"*+C&'$(&'--@*B"(&@BE"*&"#,0-&A0@D*,-EC&'$(&,$&=E,.E&BE"&"F,-B,$%&A@*G-&@A&EDG'$&*"B*,1DB,@$&-""G&D$"SD'0&B@&G',$B',$,$%&@*("*I&N$&-E@*BC&,B&,-&'&=@*0(&=E,.EC&'00@=,$%&A@*&'&."*B',$&("%*""&@A&>@"B,.&"F'%H&%"*'B,@$C&G'+&-""G&'-&-"$-"0"--&'$(&.E'@B,.&'-&BE"&*"'0&@$"I&:"B&BE"&=@*0(&@A&BE"&>0'+-&,-&-E@=$&,$&BE"&"$(&B@&1"&*D0"(&1+&MD-B,."C&'$(&BE"&

    [V&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

  • [a& !/34N__43O/& f84!)/!5:&

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g& ON):&

    This content downloaded from 130.212.18.200 on Sun, 08 Mar 2015 06:42:39 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

    http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

    Article Contentsp. 38p. 39p. 40p. 41p. 42p. 43p. 44p. 45p. 46p. 47p. 48p. 49p. 50p. 51p. 52p. 53p. 54p. 55p. 56p. 57p. 58

    Issue Table of ContentsRenaissance Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Spring, 1975) pp. 1-171Volume InformationFront MatterMachiavelli and Soderini [pp. 1-16]Hermetism and Cabalism in the Heresy of the Judaizers [pp. 17-28]The Santa Hermandad and the First Italian Campaign of Gonzalo de Córdoba, 1495-1498[pp. 29-37]Revenge and Revenge Tragedy in Renaissance England [pp. 38-58]ReviewsReview: untitled [pp. 59-61]Review: untitled [pp. 61-62]Review: untitled [pp. 63-64]Review: untitled [pp. 64-66]Review: untitled [pp. 66-67]Review: untitled [pp. 68-70]Review: untitled [pp. 70-71]Review: untitled [pp. 71-72]Review: untitled [pp. 73-74]Review: untitled [pp. 74-76]Review: untitled [pp. 76-78]Review: untitled [pp. 78-79]Review: untitled [pp. 79-81]Review: untitled [pp. 81-82]Review: untitled [pp. 83-86]Review: untitled [pp. 86-89]Review: untitled [pp. 89-92]Review: untitled [pp. 92-94]Review: untitled [pp. 94-96]Review: untitled [pp. 96-98]Review: untitled [pp. 99-100]Review: untitled [pp. 100-101]Review: untitled [pp. 101-102]Review: untitled [pp. 102-105]Review: untitled [pp. 105-109]Review: untitled [pp. 109-110]Review: untitled [pp. 111-112]Review: untitled [pp. 112-114]Review: untitled [pp. 114-115]Review: untitled [pp. 115-118]Review: untitled [pp. 118-122]Review: untitled [pp. 122-124]Review: untitled [pp. 124-125]Review: untitled [pp. 125-128]Review: untitled [pp. 128-129]

    The Twenty-First Annual Meeting of the Council of The Renaissance Society of America [pp. 130-144]Conferences [pp. 145]News and Notes [pp. 146-149]Renaissance Books [pp. 150-171]Back Matter