Respiration The process in which organisms breakdown glucose The energy in the chemical bonds of glucose is eventually captured in ATP molecules for use by an organism to do work C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP energy Occurs in 3 major steps glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport system (ETS)
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Respiration The process in which organisms breakdown glucose. The energy in the chemical bonds of glucose is eventually captured in ATP molecules for use.
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RespirationThe process in which organisms breakdown glucose.
The energy in the chemical bonds of glucose is eventually captured in ATP molecules for use by
an organism to do work
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
Occurs in 3 major steps
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport system (ETS)
Redox RxKey to transferring energy from one
molecule to another
Glucose ATP
As e- ‘fall’ from molecule to molecule (oxidation/reduction), energy is captured to form
ATP from ADP and phosphate group
Organisms use ATP as energy source to do work
glycolysis
Occurs in cytoplasm
10 step process
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
anaerobic
Net 2 ATP (by substrate level phosphorylation)
2 NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
2 pyruvate (3C)
Glycolysis stepsglucose
(hexokinase) and ATP ADP
Glucose 6-phosphate
(phosphoglucoisomerase)
Fructose 6-phosphate
*(phosphofructokinase) and ATP ADP
Fructose 1,6-biphosphate
(aldolase) *Allosteric enzyme inhibited By ATP and citrate
Glycolysis stepsX 2 Glyceraldehyde phosphate
(triose phosphate dehydrigenase)+ 2 NADH + 2 H+
1,3-diphosphoglycerate (phosphoglycerokinase)
+ ATP
3-phosphoglycerate (phosphoglyceromutase)
2-phosphoglycerate
(endolase) + 2 H2O
Glycolysis stepsX 2 phosphoenolpyruvate
( pyruvate kinase)+ ATP
pyruvate
Final products of glycolysis = 2 pyruvate2 NADH2 ATP (net)
Pyruvate Krebs cycle if aerobicfermentation if anaerobic
NADH + H+ ETS
ATP do ‘work’
fermentationIn anaerobic conditions, pyruvate molecules are broken down in a process called fermentation
Alcohol fermentation (yeast, fungi, bacteria)
Products = ethanolCO2
NAD+ (recycled)
Krebs cycleIn aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle(runs X2 for each glucose)
In mitochondria
Eukaryotes only
Hans Krebs
Products = 2 ATP (by substrate level phosphorylation)NADHFADH2