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Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute
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Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Jun 09, 2020

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Page 1: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Research Fellow

The Korea Transport Institute

Page 2: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Contents

1 Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

2 Problems of Intermodal Applications

3 Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

4 Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport System in Northeast Asia

Page 3: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

1. Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 4: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

4

Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Road Feeder Service (Truck Ferry transport

system) →Transport

trucks using ferry

RFS RSR RoRo

Roll-on Roll-off Transport System

(until bonded area)

→Transport

container+chassis using ferry

Rail-Sea-Rail Transport

System(Rail & Ferry transport

system) → Transport rail +

ferry + rail

Page 5: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

5

Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

RFS(Road Feeder Service) System

Transport whole trucks using ferry from one port to the other port

→ Bonded transport from the port to the adjacent airport

Pilot project was conducted twice (2006.12.20~12.28)

Main project was conducted from Aug. 2007 to Jun. 2008

China Korea

Page 6: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

일본 Korea Japan 6

Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

RSR (Rail-Sea-Rail) System

Transport by rail → Truck(to CY) → Sea transport using Ferry(between

countries) → Truck(to railroad) → Transport by rail(to the final

destination)

2007.3.26: Beginning transport of 12Ft RSR between Korea and Japan

(Item: Electronic product, Express parcel, etc)

In 2009, 170 containers were delivered (128 12Ft, 31 20Ft, 11 40Ft)

Page 7: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

RoRo System

Move containers from the trailer for roadway to the trailer for

ferries → Transport to the bonded area → In the CY, move

containers from the trailer for ferries to the trailer for roadway →

Transport to the final destination

7

Overview of Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Korea China

Move to the trailer for ferry

Move to the trailer for roadway

Page 8: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

2. Problems of Intermodal Applications

Page 9: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Problem diagnosis regarding weak performance of RFS between Korea and China

RFS system mainly begins with Sea & Air freight transshipment

between Korea and China

• Unprofitable from unbalanced quantity of freight between the two nations

• A lot of goods from China was carried to the other countries through Korea)

Decreased RFS demand and economic recession

• Insufficient wing-body truck (China)

• Since freight volume was decreased mainly by economic recession in 2008, RFS service was suspended

Problems of Intermodal Applications

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Page 10: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Problem of RSR system between Korea and Japan

Rail transport cost was increased with the cost of renting Multi-con* for transporting 12FT container (non-ISO) which is not suitable in Korea

* Multi-Con: 40FT container rack that can be loaded with three 12FT containers

Rental cost: ¥60,000/month(for 1 rack) → about \30,000,000/year(for 3 racks)

In Japan, the system can transport 12Ft containers by truck, but in Korea, the system cannot transport 12FT containers

40Ft or 20Ft existing container chassis is used, so that inefficiency is generated

Problems of Intermodal Applications

10

Page 11: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

3. Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

Page 12: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

Korea China Towed trailer operation method

Towed Trailer Operation System

Trailer for roadway with container is directly loaded on the ferry →

Shipping from one port to the other → Tractors are connected to

the trailers, and transport to the final destination

Page 13: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

RoRo System vs. Towed Trailer Operation System

Page 14: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

Air Transport Towed Trailer Operation

Sea Transport

(Conventional Container

Shipping)

Time

required The fastest Faster than Sea The slowest

Cost

required The highest

Middle between air and sea

transport The lowest

Connectivity

Shuttle service (airport

to the destination)

required

Door to door service is

available

(trailer for roadway

can be used)

Shuttle service (airport

to the destination)

required

Main Items

Costly items or

items required for quick

transport

Items with medium price,

required for relatively quick

transport

Items with low price, not

required for quick

transport

Comparison of Towed Trailer with Air and Sea Transport

Page 15: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

LoLo ①

RoRo ②

Towed Trailer

Comparisons

①-② ②-③

Hours

Required time in Incheon Port

12 10.5

(1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75

Shipping 22 15 15 7 0

Required time in Qingdao Port

24 12

(1.75) 10.25 12 1.75

Sub-total 58 37.5 34 20.5 3.5

Cost ($/TEU)

Required cost in Incheon Port

210 (33)

221 (44)

199 -11 22

Shipping 350 600 600 -250 0

Required cost in Qingdao Port

116 (75)

114 (55)

86.5 2 27.5

Sub-total 676 935 885.5 -259 49.5

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Towed Trailer Operation System between Korea and China

Comparison of Time and Costs by Modes (Incheon and Qingdao ports)

Note: ( ) means required time and cost for loading and unloading

Page 16: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

4. Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport System in Northeast Asia

Page 17: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Based on the agreement of sea-land intermodal transport(Towed trailer operation) between Korea and China, the following directions could be suggested.

1. Exchange information between ports and improve customs clearance

2. Cost reduction measures

3. Create demand of towed trailer operation

4. Expand towed trailer operations

Page 18: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Reduce clearance time required for file and inspection of intermodal freight transport though the EDI system in both Korean and Chinese ports

RFID Tag could be useful for tracking and monitoring goods while the trailers are transported in the foreign country

Rapid implementation of customs clearance for both sides of the car ferry ports using exclusive passage for clearance

1. Exchange information between ports and improve customs clearance

Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 19: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Minimize transporting empty containers and retrieving costs of towed trailers by sharing the information in real-time demand for freight transport between countries

Establishment of information network service for towed trailer operation

Demand-responsive transportation services through systematic networking among the international transportation/forwarding companies, ferry companies, trucking companies, and shipping companies(Company’s internal

efforts are required to reduce costs)

2. Cost reduction measures

Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 20: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Promote the demand-induced operating system though informing advantages of towed trailer operation to stakeholder(shippers, shipping companies, car ferry and land carrier)

Develop equipment (e.g., containers and trucks) based on the transporting item and its demands

3. Create demand of towed trailer operation

Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 21: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Establish the Korea Land Bridge(KLB), and link between the west coast(Incheon port, Pyeongtaek · Dangjin port) and the east coast(Sokcho·Donghae port) by rail in Korea

Promote the intermodal transport economies and balance the regional development in northeast Asia

E.g., Sea Transport using ferry from Dalian, Tianjin and Weihai in China to Incheon, Pyeongtaek · Dangjin in Korea

• Bonded transport freight truck(block-trucking) or rail(block-train) to east coast(Sokcho·Donghae-harbor) in Korea

• Sea transport using ferry to Niigata in Japan or Vladivostok in Russia

• Towed trailer operation to final destination in Japan or Russia

4. Expand towed trailer operations

Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 22: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Linking between Saemangeum free economic zone in Gunsan in the west coast and Pohang in the east coast by rail

E.g., Sea transport using ferry from Yantai, Tsingtao in China to Gunsan in Korea

• Bonded transport freight truck(block-trucking) or rail(block-train) to Pohang in Korea

• Sea Transport using ferry to Niigata in Japan or Vladivostok in Russia

• Towed trailer operation to final destination in Japan or Russia

Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 23: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

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Tianjin

Tsingtao

Yantai

Dalian

Saemangeum

Niigata

Busan

Vladivostok

Shanghai

Sokcho/Donghae

Pohang

Inchoen/ Pyengtaek

Weihai

Gwangyang

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Directions for Sea-Land Intermodal Transport in Northeast Asia

Page 24: Research Fellow The Korea Transport Institute · RoRo ② Towed Trailer ③ Comparisons ①-② ②-③ Hours Required time in Incheon Port 12 10.5 (1.75) 8.75 1.5 1.75 Shipping 22

Thank you