Top Banner
Research and Discovery— Section 3: Elisha Sword’s Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)
33

Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Mar 26, 2015

Download

Documents

Amelia Moss
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Research and Discovery—Section 3: Elisha Sword’s Final Project

By Elisha Sword (of course)

Page 2: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What will be covered?

This is my slide show presenting the research process, research presentation, and final project for the Freshman Class of 2013’s favorite class, Research and Discovery.

I will begin with the research process, something about which you all care passionately.

Page 3: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What did I do?

The overall objective, of course, was for the presenter to have found a question about a topic for which he or she cares and then discover its answer.

After that, he or she will have made his or her FINAL PROJECT. I’ll get to that in a minute.

Page 4: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What did I choose to do?

I consider myself a math “nerd” and a computer “geek”; finding an excuse to speak about mathematics in front of a bunch of people really makes my day.

After a bit of narrowing down, I chose the following question:…

Page 5: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What are the capabilities of a computer? Can a computer achieve consciousness?

Of course, this leads to the question of computer overlords, and so on…

Page 6: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

So, I researched. One of the reasons I chose this topic

was a section of Archimedes’ Revenge on Turing machines (I’ll explain those) and thus already knew a basic understanding of what they can do.

Therefore, I decided I felt capable of pinning down the answer.

After a bit of researching, I decided to make…

Page 7: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

The Capabilities of a The Capabilities of a ComputerComputer

by Elisha Swordby Elisha Sword

Page 8: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What will be discussed?What will be discussed? Obviously, the main point of this presentation is Obviously, the main point of this presentation is

to discover the capabilities of a computer.to discover the capabilities of a computer. There are two foci of this presentation:There are two foci of this presentation:

• Psychological:Psychological: What can it do?What can it do?

• Can a computer think?Can a computer think? Can a computer become Can a computer become conscious?conscious? Could a computer become a Could a computer become a world overlordworld overlord?? Do we have Do we have common misconceptionscommon misconceptions of what of what

computers can do?computers can do?

• MathematicalMathematical What can a computer do What can a computer do mathematicallymathematically?? What can it What can it not not do?do?

• The answer to this is quite surprising.The answer to this is quite surprising.

Page 9: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Potential Misconceptions of Potential Misconceptions of Computers’ CapabilitiesComputers’ Capabilities

We are all aware of how our “latest We are all aware of how our “latest and greatest” computer or electronic and greatest” computer or electronic gadget “does” cool things.gadget “does” cool things.

However, is it actually doing However, is it actually doing something?something?

Page 10: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Potential Misconceptions of Potential Misconceptions of Computers’ CapabilitiesComputers’ Capabilities

Think about all the electronic gadget Think about all the electronic gadget advertisement slogans:advertisement slogans:• ““There’s an app for that”There’s an app for that”• ““In a world of doesn’t, DROID does”In a world of doesn’t, DROID does”• ““Without my ScanSnap scanner, I [would be Without my ScanSnap scanner, I [would be

doing a laborious task rather than doing this doing a laborious task rather than doing this fabulous awesome thing I am doing right fabulous awesome thing I am doing right now].”now].”

These slogans are promoting what the These slogans are promoting what the gadget or computer is doing—a concept gadget or computer is doing—a concept we all take for granted:we all take for granted:• ““My computerMy computer was…” was…”

Page 11: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

So, what CAN a computer So, what CAN a computer do?do?

Page 12: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

The Turing The Turing MachineMachine

Page 13: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What is a Turing Machine?What is a Turing Machine?

A A Turing MachineTuring Machine is, in informal terms, a is, in informal terms, a machine that can:machine that can:• read from a horizontal tape of evenly divided read from a horizontal tape of evenly divided

cells that can range to infinitely long,cells that can range to infinitely long,• print—only one symbol per cell—from a finite print—only one symbol per cell—from a finite

set of symbols,set of symbols,• and move across this tape either left or right, and move across this tape either left or right,

depending on its state and the symbol—if any depending on its state and the symbol—if any at all—on the tape.at all—on the tape.

A Turing Machine must run according to a A Turing Machine must run according to a previously defined set of rules.previously defined set of rules.

Page 14: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Lance Fortnow. “Lesson 12: Turing Machine Redux.” Computational Complexity. Computational Complexity, 3 Jan 2003. Web. 27 April 2010.

Page 15: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

A Sample Turing Machine:A Sample Turing Machine:RulesRules

State Symbol *None*

State 0 MOVE RIGHTPRINT

MOVE RIGHTSTATE 1

State 1 MOVE RIGHTMOVE LEFT

STATE 2

State 2ERASESTOP

Page 16: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

A Sample Turing Machine:A Sample Turing Machine:ActionsActions

2 + 1 = 3

Page 17: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Mathematical AspectMathematical Aspect Drum roll, please…Drum roll, please… A Turing Machine…A Turing Machine…

• ……can do ANYTHING a can do ANYTHING a computercomputer can do… can do…• ……and ANYTHING a and ANYTHING a human mathematicianhuman mathematician can do! can do!

WOW!WOW!

Page 18: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

222 cba

Page 19: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

.0

:such that 0,δ valuea exists there

,)(0

:such that ,0 valuea and

lim

:Given

ax

Lxf

ε

L,f(x)ax

Page 20: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

The UnconsciousThe Unconscious

……i.e., the unconscious theory i.e., the unconscious theory of Sigmund Freud.of Sigmund Freud.

Page 21: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

How does the mind work?How does the mind work?

There are There are twotwo parts to the mind: parts to the mind:• ConsciousConscious

This is the part that we can control. We actively This is the part that we can control. We actively use the conscious to make decisions, and recall use the conscious to make decisions, and recall memories into conscious thought.memories into conscious thought.

This is analogous to computer programming This is analogous to computer programming instructions.instructions.

• Unconscious Unconscious (a.k.a. the Subconscious)(a.k.a. the Subconscious) This is the part that we This is the part that we cannotcannot control. It control. It

contains mostly suppressed, unsatisfactory contains mostly suppressed, unsatisfactory memories (pain, anger, etc.) and influences our memories (pain, anger, etc.) and influences our experiences and actions in ways that are out of experiences and actions in ways that are out of our control.our control.

Page 22: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What does this have to do What does this have to do with anything? with anything?

Page 23: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Psychological AspectPsychological Aspect

There is There is nono existing computer analogy for existing computer analogy for the unconscious.the unconscious.• Okay, sometimes a program will “lose its way” Okay, sometimes a program will “lose its way”

and execute instructions that are not part of and execute instructions that are not part of the program.the program.

But this is controlled. Everything in a computer is But this is controlled. Everything in a computer is operating by already given instruction.operating by already given instruction.

In other words, this kills the concept of In other words, this kills the concept of computer consciousness…computer consciousness…

……and of the dreaded computer overlord.and of the dreaded computer overlord.

Page 24: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

SO DON’T WORRY ABOUT SO DON’T WORRY ABOUT COMPUTER OVERLORDS!COMPUTER OVERLORDS!

Thank you.Thank you.

Page 25: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

So…So…

A computer can always be A computer can always be represented by a Turing Machine.represented by a Turing Machine.• Thus, it can do anything humans can do.Thus, it can do anything humans can do.

A computer has no analogy for the A computer has no analogy for the unconscious.unconscious.• Thus, it cannot be conscious relative to Thus, it cannot be conscious relative to

that of human thought.that of human thought.• Nor can there be computer overlords.Nor can there be computer overlords.

Page 26: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Works CitedWorks Cited

Cherry, Kendra. “The Conscious and Unconscious Cherry, Kendra. “The Conscious and Unconscious Mind.” About.com: Psychology. About.com, n.d. Mind.” About.com: Psychology. About.com, n.d. Web. 28 April 2010.Web. 28 April 2010.

Davis, Stephen Randy. Davis, Stephen Randy. C++ For Dummies: 5C++ For Dummies: 5thth EditionEdition. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley Publishing, Inc. 2004. . Hoboken, NJ, Wiley Publishing, Inc. 2004. Print.Print.

Hoffman, Paul. Hoffman, Paul. Archimedes’ Revenge: The Joys and Archimedes’ Revenge: The Joys and Perils of MathematicsPerils of Mathematics. New York, NY, W. W. Norton . New York, NY, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 1998. Print.& Company, Inc. 1998. Print.

Lance Fortnow. “Lesson 12: Turing Machine Redux.” Lance Fortnow. “Lesson 12: Turing Machine Redux.” Computational ComplexityComputational Complexity. Computational . Computational Complexity, 3 Jan 2003. Web. 27 April 2010.Complexity, 3 Jan 2003. Web. 27 April 2010.

Page 27: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What happens next?

I have answered the question in a presentable format, but that’s not the end: I needed to make a FINAL PROJECT.

My goal would have been making a working Turing machine, but since I don’t know how to do that, I decided (after some help from Ms. Dickinson)…

Page 28: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

…I would write a research paper!

Isn’t that exciting?!

Page 29: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

Wait—you made a research paper?!

Not including my Works Cited, I wrote a four page research paper on the subject.

Don’t worry about that—I shall only brief you on it. I don’t want to bore you with it either.

Page 30: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

What did it cover?

Basically, I covered everything I just told you now. However, I expanded my psychological aspect of computer consciousness accounting for the “id, ego, and superego”—you can read it (if you care).

Page 31: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

So… that’s it?

Okay, I admit: it’s not very exciting (for you, anyway).

However, I learned a lot from the research process—and I showed you will not need to worry about your favorite computer someday waking up and wanting to take over the world.

Page 32: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

…and, of course, I wrote a research paper!

Thank you for listening.

Page 33: Research and Discovery Section 3: Elisha Swords Final Project By Elisha Sword (of course)

The End