Reproductive System, Reproductive System, Medical School of Universitas Padjadjaran, Medical School of Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung Bandung 2005 2005 MIR-C Corporate MIR-C Corporate Interactive Training CD for Medical Students Interactive Training CD for Medical Students Reproductive System Reproductive System Module : Module : tion Prevention: A- and Antiseptic Tec tion Prevention: A- and Antiseptic Tec in Surgical Setting in Surgical Setting
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Reproductive System,Reproductive System,Medical School of Universitas Padjadjaran, Medical School of Universitas Padjadjaran, BandungBandung20052005
MIR-C CorporateMIR-C Corporate
Interactive Training CD for Medical StudentsInteractive Training CD for Medical StudentsReproductive SystemReproductive System
Module : Module :
Infection Prevention: A- and Antiseptic TechniquesInfection Prevention: A- and Antiseptic Techniques
Infection Prevention in Surgical Setting is one of important preventive methods in order to achieve infection control in clinical and surgical practices.
ObjectivesObjectives
The aims of this method are :
– To minimize surgical site infection– To protect health personnel– To improve wound healing– To minimize disability, morbidity, &
mortality– To reduce the cost of hospital care
Specific Learning Objectives :Specific Learning Objectives :
To describe the definition and history of sterilization, disinfection, decontamination, anti and a - septic techniques.
To describe six methods of sterilization.To describe three categories of surgical
instrumentsTo describe 6 rules of aseptic techniques
Specific Learning Specific Learning Objectives :Objectives :
To perform aseptic techniques correctly, including (P5):
– Sterilization : Processes by which all pathogenic & non pathogenic microorganisms, including spores, are killed.
– Disinfection: Chemical or physical process of destroying all pathogenic microorganisms, except spore bearing ones; used for inanimate objects, but not on tissues.
Definition:Definition:
– Decontamination : Process or method by which all contaminated materials that can cause diseases are removed.
– Aseptic techniques : Methods by which contamination with microorganisms is prevented.
– Antiseptic techniques: Prevention of sepsis by the exclusion, destruction, or inhibition of growth and multiplication of microorganisms from body tissues and fluids.
Infection ControlInfection Control
Why should we apply a and antiseptic techniques ?
Historical backgrounds :Historical backgrounds :
Ignas Sammelweis (1818 - 1865)– Puerperal fever increased maternal mortality– Hand scrub with chlorinated-lime solution prior to
examination.– Father of nosocomial infection.
Louis Pasteur (1860)– Discover the process of fermentation by microorganisms– Germ theory: against spontaneous generation theory.
Historical backgrounds :Historical backgrounds :
Joseph Lister (1865)– Use carbolic acid solution on surgical dressing in
the operating room mortality (Listerization)– Father of modern surgery (Antiseptic technique)
Ernst Von Bergmann (1886)– Introduced “steam sterilizer”– Basic of sterilization aseptic technique– Later: “pressure & vacuum steam sterilizer” was developed
Methods of Infection Methods of Infection controlcontrol
Anti septic techniques
Design and traffic patterns of the operating theatre
Aseptic techniques
Anti septic techniquesAnti septic techniques
SterilizationSterilization
The objective of modern surgeryFor inanimate objectsProblem :
– Some items are not heat resistance
Techniques of Techniques of SterilizationSterilization
– The final step of the aseptic techniques before performing surgery.
– Sterile gloves are worn to permit the
wearer to handle sterile supplies or tissues of the operative wound.
– Sterile gloves establish a shield that protects the patient from contamination by flora from the hands of health care workers.
Open technique
Closed techniqueClosed technique
Skin preparationSkin preparation
The goals: – to cleanse the skin and bring both the
resident and transient bacterial counts to an irreducible minimum, therefore reducing the risk of wound contamination and subsequent surgical site infection.
performed just before the surgical incision has been performed.