Reincarnated McMansion Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuildingreincarnatedmcmansion.com/AllChapters.pdf · Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding In the last few years, soaring oil and commodity

Reincarnated McMansion

Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding Reincarnated McMansion Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding

Reincarnated McMansion Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding

Index

Project Aim / Strategy 3

Project Team 4

Cheap Energy, Suburban Sprawl and Big Houses... 5-6

Project Scope 7

Reincarnated McMansion as an analogy.An Art / Architecture project.Narratives. 8

Thoughts Around the McMansion: Dr Naomi Stead 9 -10

Embodied Energy: Peter Smith 11-15

Energy and Water Assessment: Jason Veale 16 - 22

key Interventions and Strategies 23

Benefits to Client / Home Owner 24

What the Reincarnated McMansion Will Look Like 25

Bill of Quantities 26 - 33

Trouble Shooting 34 - 35

Project Conception Timeline – Artist Mathieu Gallois 36 - 37

Project Team CV’s 38 - 41

2.


Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding

Aim:

Demonstrate alternatives to unsustainable housing models - draw attention to issues of sustainability in existing housing.

Project / Strategy:

Through a media campaign, select suitable building and willing McMansion owner.

Audit, dismantle, and rebuild using existing McMansion materials to create 2 homes, ap-plying best practice environmentally sus-tainable design principles.

Key Terms / Concepts:

‘Down sizing’ ‘Up cycling’’

3.


Project Team (alphabetical order):

Artist (MA Visual Arts) Mathieu GalloisUndergraduate Architect (BA Architecture)Project Conceiver / Project Manager unit 205 / 271 cleveland street, redfernnsw australia 2016Tel 61 2 969 00448 M 0415 326 716

www.mathieugallois.com

Architect / Planning / Peter SmithEnvironmental Consultant:

www.habitation.com.au

Environmental Consultant: Jason Veale

Architects Tone Wheeler Jan O’ConnorPrincipals:Environa Studio - Environmental Architecturestudio 19, 151 foveaux street surry hillsnsw australia 2010t 02 9332 1211 f 02 9332 1355 m 0418 119 778

www.environastudio.com.au Partners: McMansion owner Cosmopolitan Living ABC Television Dr Naomi Stead

4.



Cheap Energy, Suburban Sprawl and Big Houses...

Australia’s new and existing housing landscape demonstrates a remarkable cultural homogeneity; it is dominated by brick veneer, terracotta tiled roofed houses, which often have concrete slab foundations.

This building model, is found in arid central Australia, cold highlands area, the tropical north and along the densely populated coastal suburbs, isn’t sensitive or adaptive to its immediate environmental conditions – it is essentially climate rejecting. It is a model which at its worst, relies on active, energy consuming, green house gas producing air conditioners and heaters to maintain acceptable levels of comfort for its occupants. The McMansion is the ‘Up Sized’ version of this model ( a project home exceeding 400sqm).

In our discussions with developers, urban planners, architects and home owners, the ques-tion of what to do with Australia’s vast car dependant suburbs, built during a short period of cheap energy and cheap raw materials (second half of the 20 century), has been asked time and again. The 150 - 170. 000 new houses built each year*, now employing a growing number of sustainable design principles, do not address the remaining sprawl of oversized, poorly built, mechanically cooled and heated housing stock that makes up the remaining urban landscape.

* http://www.hai.com.au

5.


In the last few years, soaring oil and commodity prices, the worst drought on record, the Garnaut Climate Change Review and positioning of a carbon tax economy to cen-tre stage of the political agenda, all signal new economic, environmental and social paradigms within which housing development will be conceived, evaluated and built.

In 2008, a single recycled brick is valued at 10% less than a new brick, whereas its reuse represents a 86% reduction of green house emissions.* In 5 or 10 years time, the new brick will not only be manufactured and transported using energy that is poten-tially 4 times as expensive (crude oil recently predicted by the CIRSO to reach $8 / litre by 2020)**, but it is also highly likely that fuel will also be taxed under a carbon tax scheme. The recycled brick on the other hand, will earn its user carbon credits, increas-ing its value.

The Reincarnated McMansion project seeks to act as a catalyst for a new, greener and more sustainable approach to suburban redevelopment that goes beyond the existing unsustainable practice of:

a) knocking down existing housingb) down cycling some materials and sending the majority to landfillc) rebuilding with all new materials.

In a ‘carbon tax’ economy, the Reincarnated McMansion model will let develop-ers do what they do best: build homes, add value to land, exploit existing resourc-es i.e. the vast materials stockpiles (poorly designed homes) ready for use onsite in the suburbs, claim and trade carbon credits and reduce costs (in infrastructure) through increased urban densification.

* http://www.ecobricks.com.au/default.htm ** http://www.csiro.au/resources/FuelForThoughtReport.html

6.



Project scope:

Quantitative environmental:

• QuantifythetotalembodiedenergyoftheexistingMcMansion–quantifytheembod ied energy of dismantling and rebuilding of the Reincarnated house(s).• Introducetheideaofbuildingmaterialreuseinsuburbanarchitecture.• Reducecarbonfootprintofnewhomebuildingprocess.• Createabuildingmodel,thatforitslife,hasbestpracticeESD–longtermC02re duction. • Drawattentiontoissuesofadaptabilitywithinexistingprojecthomedevelopment.• Reducelandfill(40%oflandfillmaterialscomesfromthebuildingindustry).• Createahousingmodelthatencourages,throughpassiveenvironmentalstrategies, sustainable life style choices.• Increasegreenspaceratiotobuildingfootprint,resultinginmoretreesandhabitation for suburban wildlife (birds, insects, small reptiles and humans)!• Createhealthylivingspaces• Increasedensitiesnearbus/trainroutes.• Reduceportablewateruse–rainwatercollectionandrecycling,greywaterreuse

Quantitative financial:

• Reducematerialcostsofnewbuilding.• Increasetheoverallvalueofthesitethroughdesignanddualoccupancy.• Createpotentialrentalincomefromsecondhome.• Createemployment

Cultural / Educational / Architectural:

• Engagethesuburbsinanenrichingculturalproject.• Drawattentiontoissuesofenvironmentalsustainabilityinsuburbanhousingthrough a high profile project.• Imbuehumblematerials(brickandtilesandtimber)withculturalmeaningandvalue through design and craftsmanship.• ReaffirmMcMansioncultureasunsustainable.• Designforadaptationandadaptivereuseofexistingbuilding.• Challengeentrenchedunsustainablebuildingpracticessuchas: a) generally making houses bigger b) building and designing with short term building life cycle projections c) knockdown (send to land fill) rebuild (with new materials).

7.


Reincarnated McMansion as an analogy:

Reincarnated home: reincarnated self. To be reborn as a better version of oneself – the project encapsulates a powerful symbolic metaphor. The project thus seeks to transcend it’s quantitative, aesthetic and social goals; emphasising a spiritual reading of the processes as an architectural, environmental and cultural cleansing.

An Art / Architecture project:

We seek to emphasise both the project’s quantitative (architectural / environmental) as well as its symbolic and cultural aims and meanings. For example, the auditing, dismantling, rebuilding and cultural contextualizing will be care-fully documented in ways that mirrors fine art strategies. These documents; photographs; stop frame film (showing entire auditing, dismantling and rebuilding process taking place on site) will be art works.

Narratives:

The project and our approach has a number of built in narrative structures: there is artist / archi-tect Mathieu Gallois’s art and family back ground that has directly informed the project. There is the story of the McMansion owners, the media campaign that engaged them in the project. Then there is the history of omnipresent brick veneer homes and Australian suburbia (the failure of both structures in terms of ESD). Finally there is the suspense and drama of dismantling a home to rebuild two new homes with the same materials - what will the new homes look like, will the project be a success? The project ideas will be powerfully condensed into the stop frame short film that ‘animates’ the whole process.

8.



Thoughts Around the McMansion Dr Naomi Stead

McMansions are the peculiar artefact of a specific economic model of developer-driven land subdivision and speculative housing. They tell us about the failure of the planning profes-sion and governing authorities to control the excesses of such self-interested land planning practices. They tell us about the failure of the architectural profession to increase public knowledge and expectations about what buildings can actually do, and to make good de-sign accessible to everyone. But they also tell us about human aspirations, the desire for status and identity, the power of a constructed image of ‘home’ in the popular imaginary. The McMansion is a fascinating social and anthropological and political document.

The term ‘McMansion’ is clearly intended as a pejorative label, and there is much to be criti-cal of here. Profligate in their use of material and energy not only in construction but over the whole life of the building, these dwellings are generally over-sized, poorly sited and ori-ented, lacking quality in materiality and space, and usually also located in outer-suburban situations so lacking in population density and basic services that they lock their owners in eternal servitude to the car. When you combine a larger than median building footprint, a smaller than median site area, and a statutary building setback, you end up with enormous houses built to within a hair’s breadth of the side and rear boundaries, and with no back yard to speak of at all. Thus the suburban ideal of having the best of both country and city living finds itself squashed and debased from both directions.

But it could be seen that McMansion is actually a slightly misleading term. The Mc is pre-sumably intended to imply banal and repetitive sameness, regardless of site or climate or specific local conditions. As with other ‘Mc’ labels, it also carries the connotation of ‘low’ populism, commercialism, and the excessive consumption of resources. Like the consum-ers of McDonalds burgers, we are led to assume, those who dwell in McMansions are crass, undiscerning, and lacking in taste. But in fact if you examine the actual buildings, their architectural ‘style’ and all that it connotes about class, status, luxury, wealth, pres-tige, sensibility and all the close inter-relations between those terms, then you realise that the emphasis should not be on the ‘Mc’ but rather on the ‘Mansion’. A McMansion is not a cheap house. Or rather, it is cheaper than some houses, but considerably more expensive than others.

The McMansion is speculative building presenting itself as architecture. This can most clearly be seen in the use of ornament - the multiple gable fronts and brick feature panels, the columns, porches, finials, bay windows and double-panelled side-lighted front doors.

9.


Historically, architectural ornament was the indicator of status, prestige, and expense. In both private and institutional buildings, its presence or absence was the line of demarcationbetween plain, lowly ‘buildings’ and ornamented, representative ‘architecture’. The former could be understood as primarily utilitarian, and without pretensions to be anything more, while the latter is self-consciously more than simply functional, it is building-as-art. Thus or-nament, which has long had the association of being unnecessary, supplementary, useless, is in fact the very excess which tells us that here is a building that is more than just a build-ing – here is a building that is art, here is Architecture.

What, then, should we make of the melange of historicist architectural ornament that char-acterises McMansions? The mix varies from house to house, but is still recognisable as a kind of stylistic soup, the same ingredients bobbing around and resurfacing on different houses in different combinations. The easy answer is that Architecture has the prestige and status of art, while speculative building that provides the maximum house for the minimum money does not. The expanse of new, carpeted, enclosed and air-conditioned space that is now the preserve of the McMansion was once a direct sign of luxury and wealth. But that which was once expensive and directly represented status, prestige and what Pierre Bor-dieu called ‘cultural capital,’ have now become relatively cheap and accessible.

What the McMansion is not is modest. It is expansive, full of bonhomie, showy – big enough for a crowd, it projects the possibility of large social gatherings, the idyll of popularity. These buildings show fascinating vestiges of actual mansion architecture – the ornate double doors are wide enough to be thrown open to carriages full of visiting nobles, a double line of servants standing to attention, the ballroom bedecked with flowers. The rooms are scaled for a crowd, especially the public spaces – the foyers, formal dining rooms, staircases, mul-tiple lounge spaces. Between this residue of past aristocratic wealth and the contemporary reality, of a middle-class couple or small nuclear family eating on the couch in front of the television, is a gap both enormous and poignant.

10.



11.

Embodied Energy ReportPeter Smith

1 Introduction:

This report provides a base case embodied energy analysis for a typical western Sydney project home.Energy use is a widely used measure of the environmental impact of buildings. In Australia this is principally because the energy used in the manufacture and operation of our buildings principally comes from non-renewable and highly polluting resources.There are two forms of energy used in our buildings: operational energy and embodied energy. Operational energy is that which is consumed on a daily basis and is affected by the activities that take place within the building. Embodied energy is the energy consumed in the construction of the building itself.

1.1 What is embodied energy:

Embodied energy is the combined energy required to extract the raw materials, transport and refine the raw materials and then to manufacture the components, deliver to site and assemble the product.

The energy consumed at each phase is clearly definable and measurable.

1.2 Why is embodied energy important:

The embodied energy in the existing building stock in Australia is equivalent to ten years of the total energy consumption of the entire nation. Different materials have an effect on the amount of energy required to produce the buildings. Selecting materials that have a lower embodied en-ergy can reduce the overall environmental footprint of the building. The reuse of materials or use of recycled materials provides the ultimate reduction in embodied energy.1.3 what about the maintenance and useful life of the building materialThe energy used in the manufacture and construction of the materials that go into the construc-tion of a dwelling are not the only energy input. Most construction materials will degrade from the moment they are installed, and will generally require maintenance and eventual replacement.


When considering the selection of materials, the energy consumption to maintain the materials – such as painting, repair and replacement should also be taken into consideration – as well as the environmental impacts of the materials or procedures required to undertake the maintenance.The consideration of the total environmental impact of a material or product through every step of its life – including demolition of the building is known as Life Cycle Assessment.

1.4 How does embodied energy compare with annual operating energy:

The embodied energy of a building can be as much as 10 times the annual operating energy of a single dwelling.In the design of a building, it is important to look at both the operating energy and the embodied energy to find the solution that delivers an overall saving in energy consumption and hence envi-ronmental impact.

1.5 Reducing the embodied energy of buildings:

Generally light weight building construction such as timber frame is usually lower in embodied energy than heavy weight construction – except when high embodied energy materials such as steel or aluminium cladding are used.

The reduction in embodied energy and the environmental impact of material selection needs to be balanced against reducing the operating energy requirements of the building, such as the energy required for heating and cooling. For example the embodied energy in a high level of well insulated thermal mass can significantly offset the energy used for heating and cooling. Creating a healthy internal environment should also be taken into consideration in the selection of materials.

The easiest way to minimise the embodied energy is to design a dwelling that is sized appropri-ately for the needs of the occupant. A smaller dwelling requires the use of less materials, hence the overall embodied energy will be much less.

1.6 Re-use and recycling:

The re-use of building materials is also commonly saves about 95 per cent of embodied energy that would other wise be wasted. Some materials however suffer damage and require reprocessing (or recycling) in the reuse process but still can result in significant savings of embodied energy. For example the recycling of aluminium results in a embodied energy saving of 95%.

12.



13.

2 Base Case Dwelling

2.1 The base house:

The base dwelling was selected at random from homes for sale in the Glen Alpine area. Floor places were available but assumptions have been made on the actual materials used in construc-tion based on standard construction methods at the time of construction during the 1990’s

It is assumed that the construction consists of:

Concrete slab on ground1. Brick veneer wall construction with a timber frame and extruded external bricks2. No insulation in the walls3. Sarking fixed to the framing4. Plasterboard internal linings with acrylic paint finish5. Timber skirtings and architraves6. Hollow core doors7. Powdercoated aluminium framed windows8. Timber truss roof with concrete tile roof and reflective foil sarking.9.

2.2 Embodied energy assessment:

A hybrid analysis has been undertaken with product quantities based on assumptions above. The assessment does not include fixtures or fittings or equipment.


2.2 Embodied energy assessment:

A hybrid analysis has been undertaken with product quantities based on assumptions above. The assessment does not include fixtures or fittings or equipment.

Table

2.2 Embodied Energy MJ/KG using typical assemblies:

The total embodied energy of the base dwelling is calculated to be 562 GJ.For every GJ of embodied energy of construction materials 0.098t of CO2 are emitted.562GJ represents 55tonnes of CO2...

Note: This assessment does not include construction administration, fittings and finishes such as robes, kitchen etc.

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3. References

Lawson, B. Building Materials, Energy and the Built Environment: Towards Ecologically sustainable developmentAUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS, Canberra 1996Embodied Energy, CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastruture Technology,http://www.cmit.csiro.au/brochures/tech/embodied/ (accessed 26 09 2008)C Reardon Your Home Technical Manual AUSTRALINA GREENHOUSE OFFICE, Canberra 2008 (4th Edition)Treloar, G.J. (1998) A comprehensive embodied energy analysis framework, PhD Thesis, Deakin University, GeelongBEDP Environment Design Guide BUILDING DESIGN PROFESSIONALS, MelbourneGEN 10 Life Cost Studies C Lanston) Nov 01DES 35 Building Materials Selection – Greenhouse Strategies G Trelor and R Fay (Aug 05)

15.


Jason VealeMcMansion - Energy and Water Assessment

AnAssessmentoftheThermalPerformance,EnergyEfficiencyandWaterEfficiencyofatypicalWestern Sydney project home.

Key FindingsHome Size: 285m2 (internal), 410m2 (inc. Garage, deck, verandahs)Description: typical 4 bedroom

Assessment procedure: Assess thermal performance at varying levels of insulation, i.e. ability to avoid the need for • artificial heating or cooling. Assess likely energy use from heating, cooling, lights, hot water, bathroom exhaust, cook • ing compared to NSW average. Assess likely water use from showers, WCs, landscaping compared to NSW average.•

Results:

Note: Multiple insulation levels were tested as the penetration of insulation in homes prior to 2000 was variable. The average detached house would be expected have insulation levels between cases 2 and 3.

Despite being a relatively new dwelling, the house performs:

poorly for thermal performance until walls and ceilings are insulated;•worse than the average for Energy until a greenhouse friendly hot water system is installed;•betterthantheaverageforWaterduetotheinclusionofwaterefficienttapsandshowerheads.•

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Home Selection and Construction Assumptions

The dwelling was selected at random from homes for sale in the Glen Alpine area. Floor plans were available,howevertheefficiencyoffixtures,fittingsandinsulationwerenotavailable.Thesewereselected on typical installations in homes of that era and are detailed in the attached AccuRate Report and BASIX Certificate.Drawings are not able to be provided in this report due to privacy reasons, however the dwelling is a typical late 90s brick veneer project home. Total internal area is approximately 285m2 and exter-nal area including garage, verandahs, decks and wall thickness is 410m2. These areas are signifi-cantly larger than a NSW average of 200m2 (generally does not include verandahs and decks) for detached dwellings.The dwelling includes 4 bedrooms, 3 living spaces, 4 bathrooms, and a study. The main living areas downstairs and the master bedroom and a small bedroom upstairs face directly west with minimal eave overhangs. There is a deck off the main living areas, however no shading is assumed to this deck as there is no pergola drawn on the plans.

Thermal Performance Assessment

The thermal performance assessment tool used for this assessment is AccuRate v1.1.4.1 which is a ‘2nd Generation’ thermal simulation tool developed by the CSIRO for residential dwelling thermal performance. AccuRate has a detailed data entry capability to ensure the dwelling can be correctly described and a sophisticated modelling engine to accurately model the dwelling’s heat gains and losses and the actions of a typical occupant operating the building to maintain comfort conditions. The occupant is assumed to operate windows and adjustable shading to attempt to maintain com-fort naturally, however air conditioning is assumed when it is calculated that internal temperatures rise above or drop below typical thermostat settings. The assessment was carried out by a qualified Accredited Assessor under the NSW accreditation system. The results are in space heating and cooling load; i.e. the amount of heat required to be removed orinputtothedwellingtomaintaincomfortableconditions.Itdoesnotincludethetype,efficien-cy or fuel of heating and cooling appliances – this is done in the Energy Assessment.

17.


EnergyandWaterEfficiencyAssessment

BASIXwasusedtoevaluatetheenergyandwaterefficiencyofthedwelling.Therearenoothertools with Australian climate data capable of assessing the full energy and water use of a dwelling. Calculations from first principles are possible and would be appropriate for an investigation of a dwelling where detailed energy and water billing data is available. BASIX is adequate for the pur-poses of this assessment and allows the subject dwelling to be quickly compared to the average dwelling – i.e. a score of 0 in BASIX is the average score of all pre-BASIX dwellings as at 2001. It should be noted that while it is generally possible to describe the subject 1990s dwelling to BASIX,itisnotpossibletospecifyinefficienttapsandshowerheadsastheycannotbeinstalledinNSW homes due to building and plumbing code requirements – BASIX only offers options that are equal to or above these requirements.

ResultsThermal Performance

The house was modelled as per the drawings with standard single clear glazing and no changes to the design to improve performance.The house was modelled without insulation and with two insulated scenarios as the installed insu-lation levels were not available. Over 60% of existing houses have ceiling insulation and 23% have wall insulation; therefore modelling only with no insulation would not be reflective of a typical scenario.

Table 1: Thermal Performance Results

1 2004 -2005 Outcomes: BASIX Ongoing Monitoring Program, NSW Departement of Planning, 2007

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Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding These results show that insulation plays a significant part in establishing comfortable conditions within the dwelling. The uninsulated house would experience long periods of extreme hot and cold in Western Sydney; it may not be possible to always maintain comfort conditions even with artificial heating and cooling. Moderate insulation levels provide a tolerable annual performance, however the dwelling will experience significant periods of overheating during summer due to the large proportion of the glazing facing west.

It is of interest to compare the dwelling to the current BASIX requirements for thermal perform-ance. As expected, the uninsulated dwelling and dwelling with only ceiling insulation fail by a sig-nificant margin. The insulated house would pass the BASIX requirements for heating, however fail the cooling requirements. Greater attention to shading of the western glazing would be required to achieve compliance with the cooling requirements.

Combining Thermal Performance with other Energy useBASIX performs the task of converting these raw space load results into first heating and cooling energy used by the proposed appliances and then greenhouse gas emissions based on the fuel type which are combined with the emissions from other energy uses within the dwelling. AccuRate is recognised for use in BASIX, however ‘1st generation’ tools are still being used and form the basis of setting the maximum heating and cooling loads. The changes in assumptions to 2nd generation simulation tools means that heating and cooling loads are different to 1st generation tools for the same house. It is therefore necessary to convert the AccuRate results in to 1st genera-tion loads before entering them in to BASIX. Refer to the conversion details in the Appendix.

Energy

The following chart shows the breakdown of the greenhouse gas use for each of the modelled cases as a column with the BASIX Energy Score at the top of each column.

Note - The score for the house is expressed as a comparison against the average NSW per person greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per year. I.e., based on the number of bedrooms, BASIX calculates the average number of occupants for the dwelling. The greenhouse emissions from the house are calculated based on the information entered regarding design and fixtures. These emissions are then divided by the number of occupants and compared to the NSW average emissions across all housing types.

19.


The house is penalised for its greater floor area which results in greater heating, cooling and light-ing energy compared to the average.Without insulation the house is a significant energy user, well above the NSW average. Even rea-sonable insulation levels will only bring the greenhouse emissions in line with average perform-ance due to the use of incandescent lighting and a greenhouse intensive electric storage hot water system. Changing the hot water system to a gas storage system produces another significant jump in per-formance, yet is well below the requirement for new dwellings.

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Water

As noted above, it was not possible to describe a dwelling with 1 or 2 star taps and showerheads to BASIX as it is designed for new dwellings which are not permitted to install less than 3 star fittings. This resulted in a higher Water Score of +19 than would probably be expected of this dwelling. The breakdown in the table below shows that the extensive use of grass and non-native plants and the lack of a rainwater tank results in a score lower than that required for new dwellings.

Table 2: Water use breakdown by end use type

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Conclusion

Thetypicalprojecthometestedshowspoorthermalperformanceandenergyefficiencywhenmodelled with typical design features, i.e. minimal insulation, incandescent lighting and an inef-ficient hot water system. Its significantly greater floor area also results in higher energy use com-pared to the average NSW house. Thewaterperformanceislikelytobelowerthancalculatediflowerefficiencytapsandshower-heads were assumed. The extensive use of lawn and the lack of a rainwater tank contribute to a score lower than that the requirement for new dwellings in NSW.Appendix 1 – AccuRate Conver-sion

Appendix 1 - AccuRate ConversionThe following table provides the conversion from AccuRate MJ values to equivalent NatHERS MJ values for the purposes of entering MJ in to BASIX to complete the Energy assessment. Table 3: AccuRate to NatHERS MJ conversion

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key interventions and strategies:

• DismantleexistingMcMansionandrebuildtwosmallerhouseswiththerecycled use material. Through dual occupancy the project’s quantitative environmental bottom line will dramatically improve and the owner will potentially have a revenue income from the second dwelling.

• Reducebuildingfootprintsandinternalvolumeby40-70%perdwelling.Thelatter will increase the available usable land for outdoor living and garden space (and re duce the thermal heat cell effect of the site)

• Orientatenewbuildingstobestengagelocalclimaticconditionstoenhancebuild ings and site’s passive thermal performance:

• Introducenaturalventilationstrategies

• Introducepassivewintersolargain

• Introducesolarhotwaterandsolarpower.

• Introducerainwaterstorageandgreywaterbiofiltrationsystemintheformofexter nal garden pools. Potentially create a deep-water thermal well – made from bricks salvaged from the building.

• Re-imaginethecarrelationshiptothehome-potentiallyremovecargaragesfrom program – to discourage car dependency. Street parking for visitors or drive way parking with minimal weather protection for owners.

Since the 1960’s, cement, rather than mortar has been used to lay bricks. The ce • ment is stronger than the bricks - making reuse of the bricks almost impossible. We propose to crush the existing McMansions bricks (along with excess tiles and con crete) into a pise or ramed earth wall.

23.


Benefits to client / home owner:

• Engageadynamic,groundbreakingenvironmentalhousingproject

• ExistingMcMansionredesignedbyateamofleadingArchitectsandenvironmental consultants resulting in increased value of site and buildings

• Throughproposeddual-occupancy,createpossiblerentalincomefromsecond property

Receive very significant service and product subsidies through project sponsorship• agreements

• Increaseprojectlifecycleofbuildingthroughadaptivedesignstrategiesandbest practice construction

• Reducedcarbonfootprintofsiteresultinginelectricityandgasbillsavings

Financial contribution by the client to project:

Equal to the value added to original house and site through the Reincarnated McMansion intervention.

24.



What the Reincarnated McMansion Will Look Like

• Thereconfiguredhomeswillbedesignedinresponsetotheclient’sbrief.Assuch,at this proposal stage of the project we can only identify broad strategies:

• Environmentallyintegrateddesign

• Architectdesignedbuildings

• Landscapedsite:allpartsofthelandscapewillhaveafunction..heating/ cooling creating a microclimate, treatment of grey water and food production

• Handcrafted

• Reducedbuildingfootprint(s)andvolumes.

• Playoninternalandexternalspacesgivingvolume,freshairandnaturallighttolived areas

• IntroductionofsomerecycledESDequipmentandmaterialssuchassolarpanels

• Newbuildingconstructedwith‘DesignforDeconstruction’philosophy(futureadapt ability). So theoretically in 15yrs someone else could come along and reconfigure the Reincarnated McMansion with minimum waste and energy consumption.

It is important to keep in mind that a degree of aesthetic and cultural continuity is built into the structure of the project; we propose to reuse the same bricks, tiles, windows, etc, in the newly reconfigured houses. As such the project’s history, the memory of the materials, their association with brick veneer homes and suburbia will be clearly referenced in the new buildings.

As such, the proposed interventions will be at once clearly different and architect designed homes, follow best practice sustainable strategies such passive ventilation and heating, but will also have a degree cultural homogeneity with the surrounding homes and neighbourhood.

25.


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nca

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cMan

sio

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ct

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of Q

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& P

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eria

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26.


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of Q

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27.


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of Q

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29.


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Bill

of Q

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30.



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31.


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s m

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endi

ng o

n th

e co

nditi

on o

f car

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rpet

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ed a

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sula

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in w

alls

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cei

lings

.

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ansi

on p

roje

ct: i

f the

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tern

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uaflu

sh -

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fully

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f not

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e w

ill a

ttem

pt to

mod

ify th

e ci

ster

n, o

r ad

apt n

ew d

ual f

lush

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tern

to o

ld

basi

n. F

ailin

g th

at, n

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ilet s

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m.

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cret

e cr

ushe

d an

d re

inca

rnat

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toco

ncre

te p

ise

(ram

med

ear

th li

ke w

alls

). N

ote

conc

rete

pis

e to

be

fabr

icat

ed fo

r fu

ture

ada

ptab

ility

.

Bill

of Q

uant

ities

32.



Rei

nca

rnat

ed M

cMan

sio

n P

roje

ct

8

Slid

ing

door

win

dow

2.2

x 1.

5.7

x .9

2.6

x .9

WIN

DO

WS

FIR

ST F

LOO

R –

15

units

(1.2

x 1

.4 )

x 4

See

abo

ve c

ell n

ote.

.9 x

.7

3 x

1.5

1 x

1.4

(1 x

1 )

x 5

1.8

x 2.

41

x 3

RO

OF

TILE

S

App

rox.

300

0 Te

rrac

otta

tile

s25

0m2

Res

ued

as ro

of ti

les.

Exc

ess

roof

tile

s cr

ushe

d an

d re

inca

rnat

ed in

to c

oncr

ete

pise

(ram

ed e

arth

like

wal

ls).

Not

e co

ncre

te p

ise

to b

e fa

bric

ated

for f

utur

e ad

aptib

ility

FAC

IA &

GU

TTER

SG

utte

rs60

mD

owm

pip

es15

m

PLA

STER

BO

AR

DW

alls

and

cei

lings

– w

indo

ws

842m

2

STA

IRS

14 s

teps

, eith

er M

DF

or y

ello

w T

.20

m2

KIT

CK

EN

For M

cMan

sion

pro

ject

, exi

stin

g pl

aste

r co

uld

be c

ut, p

atch

ed, r

euse

d.

Alte

rnat

ivel

y cu

t and

use

d a

s su

b la

yer

to n

ew p

last

er s

heet

ing

to in

crea

seth

erm

al a

nd n

oise

ratin

gs.

New

win

dow

shap

esco

uld

bere

conf

igur

ed o

ut o

f exi

stin

g m

ater

ials

.

Pre

fabr

icat

ed k

itche

n pa

rts w

ill b

e di

sman

tled

and

reas

ssem

bled

in n

ew

build

ing.

Sur

face

s re

coat

ed if

ne

cess

ary.

Bill

of Q

uant

ities

33.


Trouble shooting:

Problem:A building site requires adequate room to move around the building during construction – for safety purposes and for construct ability. Unless you are on a large property with ample room for storage, my thought is that you are going to have to remove building materials once dismantled to allow for this. This would mean transporting offsite and transporting back to site. How do you propose to eliminate the embodied energy by double transport times for materials?Solution:The selection criteria for the site will include making an assessment of the available room on the site for the purposes of storing materials. For materials that require protection a ship-ping container will be provided on the site.

Problem:Frame Construction - most frames are pre-fabricated and delivered to site and are erected in a 1-4 days. Hand Constructing a Frame onsite is going to use more resource time to make and you will be dealing with Timbers that are already cut to size for the existing dwell-ing? You will be using power tools to construct onsite, how do you propose to track this embodied energy?Solution:Frames may be able to be used in their current prefabricated form, or dismantled and re-used. Hand constructing frames does consume more resource time however this is offset by the substantial gains in utilising a recycled material.To monitor the power used during construction the meter will be read at the beginning and on completion to determine the total power consumed for construction. Sub metering of certain activities may be undertaken.

Problem:Have you accounted for testing any home by way of pest and building report – you would need to ensure that these reports are undertaken to ensure suitability of materials? – includ-ing the review of any dwelling for asbestos?Solution:Once we have our McMansion, all the materials will be carefully audited - those that do not meet pest control regulation will not be used. Should asbestos be found on site, standard procedures will be employed to remove the material.

Problem: Accomidation for McMansion owners during build

34.



Trouble shooting (continued):

Soultion:Relocate to rented premiss

Problem:The Timber Framing Code has changed over time and the legal requirements for framing would be much greater than what was required 10-20 years ago. How do you propose test-ing timber members for suitability for structural and wind loadings under the code? i.e. the Timber Framing Code will determine what structural grade the timbers for the frame must be?Solution:Existing structural drawings may be available to be sourced from Council or the current owner to determined the as designed ratings. As much of the timber will be reconfigured the structural engineer on the design team will make an assessment of the grade and design for wind loadings etc as per the code. Most structural engineers have experience in working with recycled materials.

Problem:Using Volunteers to dismantle the existing McMansions, how do you propose to satisfy the requirements for work cover under the OHS Act for this project and how can volunteers be covered for any form of Workers Compensation or liability claims for accidents during thedismantling of the buildingSolution:We will employ a labour hire company with experience in construction work; the ‘volunteers’ insurance will be covered under their policy. All volunteers will inducted before going onsite.

Problem:The project will be labour intensive - wage costs. Solution:Materials saving from recycling will counter balance this loss. Possibly employ or seek vo-luteers from TAFES and archtecture universities

Problem: Recycling bricks - dealing with broken bricksSolution:Since the 1960’s, cement, rather than mortar has been used to lay bricks. The cement is stronger than the bricks - making reuse of the bricks almost impossible. We propose to crush the existing McMansions bricks (along with excess tiles and concret) into a pise or ramed earth wall.

35.


Project conception timeline – artist / architect Mathieu Gallois

1969 Born – Melbourne. Family moves to France (fathers homeland).

1974 Family ‘migrates’ back to Australia – The Gallois’s live in a white mansion in Mel-bourne (Father’s French bank company policy is to provide housing to expatriate manag-ers). Proud father (who wanted to be an architect but became a banker) draws home and sends image to French grandparents. The huge home is heated with oil furnace, oil tanker comes regularly to fill on-site tank. Father spends a lot of time shouting at kids in winter “fermez les portes, Bon Dieu! Do you know what the heating bills are you little Aussie ras-cals!!!”

36.



1980 Parents divorce, Father moves to USA, mother and children move to timber cottage in Kew, Melbourne.1996 Graduation from ANU with BA with honour Visual Arts degree.1998 Frontier – Site-specific artwork, Campbelltown NSW. Home built from polystyrene in Blair Athol neighbourhood development. Home established as key theme of practice

2007 – Christmas holiday with family at friends McMansion beach house – idea for Reincarnated MacMansion conceived Christmas day.

2008 BA Architecture graduation

Project conception timeline – artist / architect Mathieu Gallois

37.


envi ronmental archi tectu re

19/151 foveaux st surry hills nsw 2010

t: 02 9332 1211 f: 02 9332 1355 abn: 73 342 704 770

environa studio

tone wheeler and environa studio

Tone Wheeler is an architect, author, educator and consultant with an abiding

interest in environmental architecture and sustainable design. The award winning environa studio founded by Tone 25 years ago is widely recognised as a leading

innovative ESD architectural practice. Sustainability is the core of the firm’s work

and the driving force of environa studio’s design philosophy.

Tone has been designed individual and multiple housing schemes, commercial

buildings and urban design master plans, all with a strong emphasis on

experimental, social and and environmental responsibility. Notable projects include

the reuse of warehouse buildings, residential villages, and eco-tourism projects and the planning of a whole new town. environa studio is committed to integrating

architecture, interiors and landscape for a more sustainable future.

Tone has won numerous awards and competitions, is the immediate past chair of the

RAIA National Environment Committee, has been on the faculty of 3 universities and is also on the Board of ABSA (Association of Building Sustainability Assessors). He

is a frequent speaker at architectural conferences and seminars, has been a judge on

“the New Inventors” program on ABC Television, and is widely quoted in the media

for his activism.

CurriculumVitae

38.



QUALIFICATIONS AND AFFILIATIONS

Bachelor of Arts in Architecture (UTS)Bachelor of Architecture (UTS)Master of Urban Design and Development (undertaking)

Royal Australian Institute of Architects (RAIA)Planning Institute of Australia (PIA) - Urban Design Chapter.Registered Architect. No 7024

EXPERIENCE

Peter has been actively involved in sustainable development andthe urban environment for over 14 years.

Peter brings to projects the advantage of having been on ‘both sides of the fence’. With experience in private practice, local and state government, he brings to the project incredible knowledge and experience on detailed planning and policy advice and a political acumen to ensure a smooth process for your project.

Peter held the position for 3 years of Manager, Projects and Public Domain at Kogarah Council, where he was responsible for the design and implementation of the public domain and principle capital projects within the Kogarah Municipality. During this time he has regularly consulted to the Urban Planning Unit to develop policy, development control plans and provided urban design and architectural advice and established the Design Review Panel.

Prior to Kogarah Council, Peter was Design Architect at Allen Jack + Cottier for seven years, where he was responsible for leading teams in medium density residential development (over 900 apartments) urban design and master planning projects. It was at Allen Jack + Cottier where he was responsible for the preliminary urban design and later architectural design of the Kogarah Town Square development.

Peter is well known within the field of sustainable medium density architecture, and regularly talks at conferences and seminars. He is also a part-time lecturer at the University of Technology, Sydney in Thermal and Environmental Design within the Architecture program.

In the field of urban design, Peter plays an active industry role. He is currently the Chair of the Urban Design Alliance (a partnership between the RAIA, PIA and AILA) and is a current advisory member to the Minister for Planning on planning reform and regularly advises on Urban Design issues for both state and local government.

Peter brings to the project an in-depth knowledge of the operations within a Local Government structure, architecture, planning policy, urban design, architecture and sustainable development, including water sensitive urban design.

RELEVANT PROJE CT EXPERIENCE

CIVIC

COWRA COUNCIL CHAMBERS – COMPETITION WINNER (UNBUILT)EUROBODALLA COUNCIL ADMIN BUILDINGLIVERPOOL GLALC COMMUNITY + MEDICAL CENTRE

URBAN HOUSING

KOGARAH TOWN SQUARE (194 UNITS, COMMERCIAL AND PUBLIC CARPARK)THE BLOCK AND LEXINGTON, RUSHCUTTERS BAYALISON ROAD, KENSIGNTON (24 UNITS)OCEAN STREET, WOOLLAHRA (4 TOWNHOUSES)FLINDERS ST, DARLINGHURST (52 UNITS)CROWN STREET, SURRY HILLS (28 UNITS)ALBION STREET, SURRY HILLS (32 UNITS)LAWRENCE STREET, ALEXANDRIA (32 UNITS + 2 TERRACES)ROYALIST ROAD, CREMORNE (4 UNITS)DISENO, SURRY HILLS (54 APARTMENTS)CROYDON ST APARTMENTS, CRONULLA (16)ETON- MERTON APARTMENTS, SUTHERLAND (59)KINGSWAY APARTMENTS, CARINGBAH (30)REGATTA AVE, LILLIPILLI, (4)HALL STREET BONDI. (8)WARNERS AVE BONDI (6)GEORGE STREET WATERLOO (125)WILSON STREET WOLLONGONG (26)

PERSONAL SPACES

ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS: WALLSEND, CAMPERDOWN, DRUMMOYNE, ROZELLE, PYMBLE, CHATSWOOD, KILLARNEY HEIGHTS AND DENISTONE, BROULEE, MALUA, BAY, BLAKEHURSTNEW DWELLINGS: STANWELL PARK, LILI PILLI, BANKSTOWN

URBAN DESIGN

KOGARAH TOWN CENTRE DCP NO.5KOKODA SITE, HOLSWORTHY. (65 LOT SUBDIVISION)*HUEN CRESCENT, HOLSWORTHY. (24 LOT SUBDIVISION)*ALEXANDRA CANAL (WINNING ENTRY)*HONEYSUCKLE, NEWCASTLE URBAN DESIGN PLAN*KU-RING-GAI DCP 55 AND SPECIAL AREAS PLANS FOR TURRAMURRA AND ROSEVILLE

CV PETER SMITHDirector

CurriculumVitae

39.


Jason Veale Principle Sustainability Specialist

Qualifications Career HighlightsB Arch University of New South Wales, Sydney Jason is a Principal Sustainability Special-ist with an Architecture degree from the University of NSW. He has particular experience in building thermal design, sustainability ratings tools and government sustainability policy. He has tutored architecture students designing sustainable buildings at UNSW and is a con-tributing author to the Building Design Professionals Environmentally Sustainable Design Guide. Prior to joining Bassett, Jason worked on the NSW Government’s award winning Building Sustainability Index (BASIX) which sets mandatory energy water and thermal per-formance targets for new residential buildings. Jason also contributed to the development oftheBCASectionJenergyefficiencymeasuresfornon-residentialbuildings. Publications and Technical Papers

Articles for the Building Design Professionals Environment Design Guide:Case Study – Newcastle CSIRO Energy Centre, 2007Case Study - Newington Village Speculative Housing Development, Homebush Bay, New South Wales, D Prasad, 1998Case Study - Armstrong-Mobbs Sustainable House, Chippendale, New South Wales, with D Prasad, 1998New Directions in Timber, 1999.

AwardsFor BASIX: Australian Institute of Energy award for “Energy in Society - For contributing to policy, law and the community”, 2007; Australian Property Institute’s Kemp Strang Property Industry Award, 2005; Planning Institute of Australia’s National Urban Planning Achieve-ment Award, 2005; Premier’s Public Sector Awards – Gold winner in the Environment category, 2004; Planning Institute Australia (NSW Division) two Awards for Excellence in Planning, 2004Awards for residential warehouse conversion at 23-25 Egan St, Newtown: RAIA NSW Chapter 2006 - President’s Award, Multiple Housing, Ecologically Sustainable Design; Na-tional Trust Award 2006 – Adaptive Re-use of existing warehouse building. Award for Environmental Learning Facility, Orange Showground – National Timber Design Award for Environmental Commitment, 2006

CurriculumVitae

40.



Mathieu Gallois Artist / Undergraduate Architect

Mathieu Gallois graduated from the Institute of the Arts, Australian National University in 1996. He has exhibited both nationally and internationally, participating in over 40 exhibi-tions. Gallois has received major Grants from the Australia Council in 1999, 2003 and 2007. As well as having been selected four times for the Helen Lempriere National Sculpture Award, he was selected for the inaugural National Sculpture Competition at the National Gallery of Australia in 2001. In 2002 he exhibited at the Australian Embassy Paris, France and received a Samstag Scholarship which enabled him to complete a Masters Degree at Goldsmiths College in London UK in 2003. Gallois’ work was reviewed in 2004 in Monu-ment magazine by Jeff Gibson. In 2005 Gallois had a survey exhibition of his work at UTS gallery and exhibited at Shermans Gallery in Sydney. In 2007, Gallois completed a Bach-elor of Arts in Architecture degree at the University of Technology Sydney.

Education 2007 Bachelor Arts in Architecture, UTS Sydney 2003 MA Fine Arts, Goldsmiths College, University of London, UK 1996 Honours, Institute of the Arts, Canberra

Awards, Acquisitions, Grants, Scholarships and Residencies 2007 Australia Council New Work Grant-emerged artist category 2005 Simon and Catriona Mordant Collection 2003 Acquisition, Native Born, Museum of SydneyPopular Choice Award: Caravan. Helen Lempriere National Sculpture AwardSpecial commendation: Caravan. The Helen Lempriere National Sculpture Award 2002 Samstag Scholarship.Special commendation: Flight 934-B: The NSW Helen Lempriere Travelling Arts Scholar-ship.Sydney. NSW 2001 Drive-Thru, Highly recommended : Helen Lempriere National Sculpture AwardPatronage for Drive Thru. Peter Fay 2000 National Association of the Visual Arts marketing grant. 1999 Australia Council New Work Grant - emerging artist category. 1998 New South Wales Pat Corrington Artist Grant Scheme

CurriculumVitae

41.

Reincarnated McMansion Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuildingreincarnatedmcmansion.com/AllChapters.pdf · Auditing, Dismantling, Rebuilding In the last few years, soaring oil and commodity

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