Regional organizations

REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Membership

8 members

Afghanistan

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Maldives

Nepal

India

Pakistan

Sri lanka

Established on 8 Dec 1985.

17 summits have been held till now.

Pakistan hosted twice (1988-2004 )

Current secretary general is Mr. Ahmed

Saleem from Bangladesh.

China, Myanmar and Russia wants to become

members

9 observer states

Objectives Of SAARC

to promote the welfare of the people of South

Asia and to improve their quality of life;

to accelerate economic growth, social

progress and cultural development in the

region

to promote and strengthen selective self-

reliance among the countries of South Asia;

to contribute to mutual trust, understanding

and appreciation of one another's problem

to cooperate with international and regional

organisations with similar aims and purposes.

to maintain peace in the regionto strengthen

cooperation with other developing countries;

to strengthen cooperation among themselves

in international forums on matters of common

interest

Principles

The principles are as follows

Respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, political equality and independence of all members states

Non-interference in the internal matters is one of its objectives

Cooperation for mutual benefit

All decisions to be taken unanimously and need a quorum of all eight members

All bilateral issues to be kept aside and only multilateral(involving many countries) issues to be discussed without being prejudiced by bilateral issues

Secretariat

The SAARC Secretariat was established in

Kathmandu on 16 January 1987

The SAARC Secretariat and Member States

observe 8 December as the SAARC Charter

Day1.

It is headed by the Secretary General

appointed by the Council of Ministers from

Member Countries in an alphabetical order for

a three-year term.

Council Of Ministers

The Council of Ministers meets twice a year.

Formulation of the policies of the ASSOCIATION

Review of the progress of cooperation under the

ASSOCIATION

Decision on new areas of cooperation

Establishment of additional mechanism under the

ASSOCIATION as deemed necessary

Decision on other matters of general interest to

the ASSOCIATION.

Regional Centres

SAARC Agricultural Centre (SAC), Dhaka

SAARC Meteorological Research Centre

(SMRC), Dhaka

SAARC Tuberculosis Centre (STC),

Kathmandu

SAARC Documentation Centre (SDC), New

Delhi

SAARC Human Resources Development

Centre (SHRDC), Islamabad

Political issues unaddressed

SAARC Youth Award

SAARC Award

SAFTA

Free Visa scheme

OIC

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is

an international organisation consisting of 57

member states. The organisation states that it

is "the collective voice of the Muslim world"

and works to "safeguard and protect the

interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of

promoting international peace and harmony

The OIC has a permanent delegation to

the United Nations, and is the largest

international organisation outside the United

Nations.

After losing the Six-Day War in 1967 Leaders

of Muslim nations met in Rabat to establish the

OIC on 25 September 1969.

AIM

The OIC aims to preserve Islamic social and

economic values; promote solidarity amongst

member states; increase cooperation in social,

economic, cultural, scientific, and political

areas; uphold international peace and security;

and advance education, particularly in the

fields of science and technology.

OIC has collective population of 1.4 billion

Russia and Thailand, sit as Observer States

12 regular sessions and 4 extra ordinary

sessions have been convened uptill now.

Pakistan hosted twice(1974-1997)

Ekmeleddin İhsanoğl , a Turkish national is

the current Secretary General.

Islamic summit

The largest meeting, attended by the kings

and the heads of state and government of the

member states, convenes every three years.The

Islamic Summit takes policy decisions and

provide guidance on all issues pertaining to the

realization of the objectives as provided for in

the Charter and consider other issues of concern

to the Member States and the Ummah.

Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers

It meets once a year to examine a progress report on the implementation of its decisions taken within the framework of the policy defined by the Islamic Summit.

Permanent Secretariat

It is the executive organ of the Organisation, entrusted with the implementation of the decisions of the two preceding bodies, and is located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Mere talking shop

Though adopted Cairo Declaration on Human

Rights in Islam in1990 ,but is failed in

protecting gross human rights violation against

muslims.

ASEAN

A geo-political and economic organization of

ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which

was formed on 8 August 1967.

21 regular and 4 informal sessions.

ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km²,

which is 3% of the total land area of Earth, and

has a population of approximately 600 million

people

Le Luong Minh (Vietnamese)

Single Aviation Market

Free trade zone

Intra-ASEAN travel

ASEAN Media Cooperation ,ASEAN Defense

Industry Collaboration

Education-about 90% literacy rate

SCO

Members

It has six member states.

China

Russia

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan and

Uzbekistan

13 summits have been convened till now.thelatest in Sep 2013.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an intergovernmental international organization founded in Shanghai on15 June 2001 by six countries.

Its member states cover an area of over 30 million km2, or about three fifths of Eurasia, with a population of 1.455 billion.

SCO's predecessor, the Shanghai Five mechanism, originated and grew from the endeavor by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.

On the fifth anniversary of the Shanghai Five

in June 2001, the heads of state of its

members and the President of Uzbekistan met

in Shanghai, the birthplace of the mechanism.

First they signed a joint declaration admitting

Uzbekistan as member of the Shanghai Five

mechanism and then jointly issued the

Declaration on the Establishment of the

Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

Purposes of SCO

strengthening mutual trust and good-neighborliness and friendship among member states,

developing their effective cooperation in political affairs, the economy and trade, science and technology, culture, education, energy, transportation, environmental protection and other fields,

working together to maintain regional peace, security and stability,

promoting the creation of a new international political and economic order featuring democracy, justice and rationality.

Principles of SCO

adherence to the purposes and principles of

the Charter of the United Nations,

respect for each other's independence,

sovereignty and territorial integrity, non-

interference in each other's internal affairs,

mutual non-use or threat of use of force,

equality among all member states,

settlement of all questions through

consultations,

non-alignment and no directing against any

other country or organization,

opening to the outside world and willingness to

carry out all forms of dialogues, exchanges

and cooperation with other countries and

relevant international or regional

organizations.

Institutional Set-Up of SCO

Council of Heads of State

Council of Heads of Government

Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs

Conference of Heads of Agencies

Council of National Coordinators

Secretariat (Dmitry Fedorovich Mezentsev)

Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS)

SCO Cooperation in Various

Areas

SCO cooperation has covered wide-ranging

areas such as security, the economy,

transportation, culture, disaster relief and law

enforcement, with security and economic

cooperation.

SCO security cooperation focuses on the fight

against terrorism, separatism and extremism.

Bilateral and multilateral joint anti-terrorism

military exercises among member states.

The SCO was among the first international

organizations to advocate explicitly the fight

against the three evil forces.On15 June 2001,

the day when the SCO was founded, the

Shanghai Convention Against Terrorism,

Separatism and Extremism was signed, clearly

defining terrorism, separatism and extremism

for the first time on the international arena.

The year 2002 saw the establishment of

mechanisms for economic and trade as well

as transportation ministerial meetings

successively as initial attempts to explore

avenues of substantive cooperation in trade,

investment, transportation, energy and other

areas.