Reduce Waste and GHG

1

3. Reduce waste and support recovery and recycling

22


Water use intensity at FPAC member pulp and paper mills dropped almost 6% between 2005 and 2007, for a total reduction of nearly 20% since 1999.

3

Recycling Leadership and Momentum

3

In 2003, members committed to increase recovery rate to 55% by 2012

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Recovery Rate

64.6%

Source: PPPC

44


Air emissions: Between 1999 and 2007, releases of total particulate matter per tonne of output decreased by 65% .

Source: FPAC Member Survey

55


Air emissions: Between 1999 and 2007, the amount of total reduced sulphur (TRS) released per tonne of output decreased by 60%.

Source: FPAC Member Survey

6

4. Reduce greenhouse gases and help fight climate change

77

Deforestation worldwide results in up to 17,4% of global human-caused

GHG emissions (IPCC).

In comparison, deforestation caused less than 3% of the total GHG

emissions in Canada (NRCan 2008a).

88


“Reduced deforestation and degradation is the forest mitigation

option with the largest and most immediate carbon stock

impact in the short term per ha and per year globally.”

“In the long term, sustainable forest management strategy,

aimed at maintaining or increasing carbon stocks, while producing

an annual sustained yield of timber, will generate the largest

mitigation benefit”.

- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPCC, Working Group III, chapter 9, page 549-50.

9


“ Promoting forest restoration and sustainable forest

management has more promise for mitigating climate

change than narrowly focusing on reducing greenhouse gas

emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD).”

“Overcoming deforestation using policy and economic

tools is much less feasible than promoting carbon uptake

by overcoming forest degradation and restoring forest and

agricultural landscapes.”

– R. Michael Martin, Director of the Forest Economics and Policy Division, Forestry Department, FAO

Unasylva 230, Vol. 59, 2008

1010

Virtually no deforestation

Canada’s rate of deforestation is less than 0.02% and is not due to logging.

Source: NRCan 2008a, Global Forest Watch

53%

19%

10%

10%8%

Agriculture

Urban development, transportation, and recreation

Hydroelectricity

Forests roads

Industry and resource extraction

Causes of deforestation in Canada for 2005

11World Resource Institute. 2007a. Forest Extent: Forest area (current) as a percent of original forest area; World 1996.

Baseline – 8000 Years ago

United Kingdom

France

Chile

United States

Malaysia

Indonesia

Brazil

Russian Federation

Finland

Sweden

Norway

Canada

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

6%

17%

41%

60%

64%

65%

66%

69%

82%

86%

90%

91%

Forest as a % of Original Forests (1996) (2009)

±90%


1212

Pulp & Paper Mills Performance

-70

-50

-30

-10

10

30

1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

GH

G E

mis

sio

ns

Pe

rce

nt c

ha

ng

e, 1

99

0-

FPAC P&P

Kyoto Target

National Overall Trend

-57%

- 6%

Source: FPAC Energy Survey 1990-2007; Environment Canada. National Inventory Report: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada, 1990-2007.

+34%

13

Forest Sector GHG Emissions

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

Total energy use (petajoules) GHG emissions (million tonnes)

Year

Pe

tajo

ule

s

Mil

lio

n t

on

ne

s

Source: CCFM 2006d

14

Forest Sector GHG Emissions

• Forestry and Logging (NAICS 113); • Support Activities for Forestry (NAICS 1153); • Paper Manufacturing (NAICS 322), which includes pulp, paper, and

paperboard mills; and • Wood Products Manufacturing (NAICS 321).

• GHG emissions in 2002 were unchanged from 1980.• 23% increase in energy use but significant improvements in energy

efficiency producing more output per unit of energy used.• Greater reliance on cleaner fuels helped to limit growth in both

energy use and emissions. • Production of pulp and paper increased by over 30%.

Source: CCFM 2006d

15

Forest Sector GHG Emissions and Energy use

• GHG emissions in 2002 were unchanged from 1980.• 23% increase in energy use

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

Total energy use (petajoules) GHG emissions (million tonnes)

Pe

tajo

ule

s

Mil

lio

n t

on

ne

s

Source: CCFM 2006d

16

Forest Sector Energy Sources

• Greater reliance on cleaner fuels

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Bioenergy Fossil Hydro and nuclear

Pe

tajo

ule

s

Source: CCFM 2006d

1717


For pulp and paper manufacture, FPAC members reduced their greenhouse gas emissions intensity by 7% between 2005 and 2007 for a long-term reduction of 61% between 1990 and 2007.

Source: FPAC Energy Monitoring Report 1990-2007

19

90

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

-70%

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

Greenhouse Gas Emissions IntensityFPAC Members (pulp and paper facilities)

(percentage improvement from 1990 levels)

18

49%56% 58%

22%

25% 26%30%

16% 15%

0% 2% 1%0%

25%

50%

75%

1990 2005 2007

Biomass

Net Electricity Purchases

Fossil Fuels

Other (Net) Purchases

18


Percentage of Energy from Biomass - FPAC Members(Pulp & Paper Facilities)

Source: Sustainability Report 2009 (under press)

19

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

19

90

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

GJ/

ton

ne

19


Pulp and paper mills improve their energy intensity by 5% between 2005 and 2007 for a long-term reduction of 22% between 1990 and 2007.

Source: FPAC Energy Monitoring Report 1990-2007

Energy Intensity FPAC Members(pulp and paper facilities)

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