DUBAI RESIDENCY TRAINING PROGRAMME The Department of Medical Education SPECIALIST TRAINING PROGRAMME IN Radiology (2012-2013) Four Year Residency Training Program 1
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DUBAI RESIDENCY TRAINING PROGRAMME
The Department of Medical Education
SPECIALIST TRAINING PROGRAMME IN
Radiology
(2012-2013)
Four Year Residency Training Program
1
Programme Administration
Programme Director Dr. Amina Belhoul
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Introduction 4
Mission 4
Goals & Objectives 4
Educational Objectives 5
Administrative Structure 8
Programme Sites 11
Entry Requirements 11
Number of Posts and Duration of Programme 12
Trainee Responsibilities 12
Program Structure 12
Vacation 32
On Call Duty 32
Evaluation of the Programme 32
The Certification 34 Appendix(1) :
o Rotation Duration
o List of Radiology modality Training + Duration: PGY 1
o System- based training + Duration: PGY 2,3 & 4
o Syllabus
35 36 37 38
Appendix (2) : o Clinical Rotation Evaluation o Clinical Rotation Faculty Teaching Evaluation o Rotation In-Training Assessment (Resident)
47 49 51
References 54
3
I. Introduction
The aim of the Radiology Residency Programme is to develop within the resident the
interpretive, interpersonal and procedural skills necessary to perform as a competent radiologist
and to encourage critical thinking applied to medical knowledge to allow development of a life-
long process for improvement of radiologic practices.
II. Mission Statement The mission of the programme is to develop and educate specialists in Diagnostic Radiology,
who are highly capable and confident in managing the complete spectrum of Diagnostic
Radiology. As well, the program strives to develop individuals, who practice the profession
humanely, with the highest of ethical standard and integrity.
The principles of evidence based medicine, self-evaluation and lifelong learning skills will be
adhered to. Ultimately the goal is, to produce individuals, who will contribute to the community
in providing excellent clinical care as well as areas of education and research.
III. Goals and Objectives The goals and objectives of the program reflect the ‘Mission Statement’ above, and will be
elaborated further in Educational Objectives.
General Objectives
• On completion of the educational programme, the graduate physician will be competent
to function as a specialist in Diagnostic Radiology. This requires the physician to have
the ability to supervise, advise on and perform imaging procedures to such a level of
competence, and across a broad range of medical practice, as to function as a specialist to
referring family physicians and specialists.
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• Communication skills, knowledge, and technical skills are the three pillars on which a
radiological career is built, and all are dependent on the acquisition of an attitude to the
practice of medicine which recognizes both the need to establish a habit of continuous
learning and a recognition of the importance of promoting a team approach to the
provision of imaging services.
• Residents must demonstrate the knowledge, skills and attitudes relating to gender, culture
and ethnicity pertinent to Diagnostic Radiology. In addition, all residents must
demonstrate an ability to incorporate gender, cultural and ethnic perspectives in research
methodology, data presentation and analysis.
IV. Educational Objectives Definition
Objectives: Diagnostic Radiology is a specialty concerned with the use of imaging techniques in
the study, diagnosis and treatment of disease, furthermore with the principles of radiation
protection and its physical, biological and medical basic sciences. Imaging techniques include all
different plain radiological modalities, cross sectional imaging -computed tomography (CT),
magnetic resonance techniques (MRI), and ultrasound-, interventional radiology and
Radionuclide.
The listed objectives are necessary for the fulfilment of a resident’s expectations, development
and growth in the different areas.
Medical Expert/Clinical Decision-Maker
• Understanding of the nature of formation of all types of radiological images, including
physical and technical aspects, patient positioning, different contrast media.
• Knowledge of the theoretical, practical and legal aspects of radiation protection,
including alternative imaging techniques and their possible harmful effects.
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• Knowledge of human anatomy at all ages, both plain and cross sectional/multiplanar,
with emphasis on radiological applications.
• Knowledge of all aspects of clinical radiology, including understanding of pathology of
diseases, appropriate application of imaging to patients, factors affecting interpretation
and differential diagnosis, importance of informed consent, complications such as
contrast media side effects and adverse reactions.
• Understanding of the fundamentals of quality assurance in radiology.
• Understanding of the fundamentals of epidemiology, biostatistics and decision analysis.
• Competence in manual and procedural skills and in diagnostic and interpretive skills.
• Demonstration of the ability to manage the patient independently during a procedure, in
close association with a specialist or another physician who has referred the patient. The
radiologist should know when the patient's best interests are served by discontinuing a
procedure, or referring the patient to another specialist.
• Understanding of the acceptable and expected results of investigations and/or
interventional procedures, as well as unacceptable and unexpected results. This must
include knowledge of and ability to manage radiological complications effectively.
• Understanding of the appropriate follow-up care of patients who have received
investigations and/or interventional therapy.
• Understanding of a proper radiology report structure.
• Competence in effective consultation, conduct of interdisciplinary radiological-clinical
conferences, and the ability to present scholarly material and prepare and lead case
discussions.
Communicator
• Ability to produce a radiological report, which will describe the imaging findings, most
likely differential diagnoses in order of frequency, and, when indicated, recommend
further testing and/or management.
• Understanding of the importance of communication with referring physicians, including
an understanding of when the results of an investigation or procedure should be urgently
communicated.
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• Effective communication with patients and their families and a compassionate interest in
them.
• Recognition of the physical and psychological needs of the patient and their families
undergoing radiological investigations and/or treatment, including the needs of culture,
race and gender.
Collaborator
• Ability to function as a member of a multi-disciplinary health care team in the optimal
practice of radiology.
Manager
• Ability to prioritize and effectively execute tasks through team work with colleagues and
make systematic and rational decision when allocating health care resources.
• Competent in computer science as it pertains to the practice of radiology.
Health Advocate
• Understanding and communication of the benefits and risks of radiological investigation
and treatment including population screening.
• Recognition when radiological investigation or treatment would be detrimental to the
health of a patient.
• Education and advice on the use and misuse of radiological imaging.
Scholarship
• Competence in evaluation of the medical literature.
• Ability to be an effective teacher of radiology to medical students, residents,
technologists and clinical colleagues.
• Ability to conduct a radiology research project, which may include quality assurance.
• Appreciation of the important role that basic and clinical research plays in the critical
analysis of current scientific developments related to radiology.
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Professionalism
• Ability of accurate assessment of one's own performance, strengths and weaknesses.
• Understanding of the ethical and medico-legal requirements of radiologists.
V. Administrative Structure
A. Programme Director
The Programme director is responsible for the overall conduct of the Residency Programme. The
Residency Programme Director is responsible to the Director of Medical Education Department
and to the Head of Academic Affairs, and is a member of the Specialty Training Committee of
the Department of Medical Education of DHA.
B. Programme Site Co-Director
The Programme site co-directors are responsible for the day to day functioning of the residency
programme at each institution participating in the programme. The Programme Site co-directors
are responsible to the Programme Director. There must be active liaison between the Programme
Director and the Programme co-directors.
C. Residency Programme Committee
The Residency Programme Committee assists the Programme Director in the planning,
organization, and supervision of the Programme. The Residency Programme Committee must
meet regularly, at least quarterly, and keep minutes. The Programme Director who is its
executive officer chairs it.
This committee includes
• A representative from each participating institution,
• The Programme Site Co-Directors
• A representative of each major component of the programme:
• Representatives of Residents in the Programme nominated and elected by their peers in
the programme where numbers permit this representation should consist of at least one
each from Dubai Hospital and Rashid Hospital.
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D. The Specialty Training Committee
The Specialty Training Committee to coordinates, implements, and monitors the educational and
training activities of the residency training programme in the domain of the specialty field. The
Specialty Training Committee receives and operates within The Department of Medical
Education (MED) policy.
1. Function of the Specialty Training Committee is:
To advice and support the Programme Director in implementing Postgraduate residency
training programme relevant to their Specialty
To collaborate with the Programme Director in the local administration and delivery of
specialist training within the regulations and guidelines of MED
To deliver, through an appropriate panel. The Annual Records on in training assessment
2. The responsibilities and roles of the Specialty Training Committee will be:
To oversee advanced training provided within the specialty training programme in
accordance to MED education policy.
To develop, review and amend curricula and teaching and learning processes for
advanced residency training in line with policy and procedure developed by the MED.
To develop the content of examinations and other modes of assessment in line with
policy and procedures on assessment methods advised by MED.
To recommend to the MED any necessary changes to policy and procedures in
assessment, teaching and learning, for specialty training.
To review reports from the Programme director the progress of trainees and their
adherence to approved pathways and to manage any necessary remedial action or support
required by trainees.
3. The Specialty Training Committee should comprise the following members:
Chair of the committee
Programme Director
Programme co Director
Trainee representative in advanced residency year
A member with lead responsibility for assessment
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A member with lead responsibility for accreditation
Other member as judged essential by the specialty programme
4. Meetings:
The specialty Training Committee will meet on an as needs basis to undertake work
against an agreed work plan, to meet specific objectives, and from time to time to review
and update requirement of the education and training strategy and its monitoring
valuation in the specialty
A quorum shall be a majority of the membership of the Specialty Training Committee.
5. Reporting:
The specialty Training Committee reports to MED
The Specialty Training Committee is accountable to the Programme director and its team
for the integrity of implementation of education and training in line with policy and
procedures of the MED and will participate in policy review and development
Responsibilities of the Programme Director
The responsibilities of the Programme Director, assisted by the Residency Programme
Committee include:
• Development and operation of the Programme such that it meets the standards of
accreditation for a specialty programme in Radiology
• Selection of candidates for admission to the programme
• Evaluation and promotion of residents in the programme in accordance with policies
approved by the Department of Medical Education Committee.
• Maintenance of an appeal mechanism. (see description of Appeal Mechanism)
• Establishment of mechanisms to provide career planning and counseling for residents and
to deal with problems such as those related to stress in collaboration with the Residents
Affairs
• An ongoing review of the Programme to assess the quality of the educational experience
and to review the resources available in order to ensure that maximal benefit is being
derived from the integration of the components of the programme. This review must
include:
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o an assessment of each component of the Programme to ensure that the educational
objectives are being met
o an assessment of resource allocation to ensure that resources and facilities are
being utilized with optimal effectiveness
o an assessment of the teachers in the Programme
Further to those responsibilities listed above, the Programme Director must function as a resident
advocate and aid in the organization of other educational opportunities. The Programme Director
is responsible for assigning residents their rotation and service schedules. The Programme
Director is responsible to the residents to train them well in a humane atmosphere. The
Programme Director reports to Head of Academic Affairs Centre.
The two sites for training are currently the Dubai Hospital and the Rashid hospital. Other
services or units that are approved by the Accreditation Committee of the Postgraduate
Medical Education Committee may be included in the future.
VI. Programme Sites The residency training programme in Diagnostic Radiology will utilize the following sites:
• Rashid Hospital, Dubai, U.A.E.
• Dubai Hospital, Dubai, U.A.E.
• Al Wasl Hospital, Dubai, U.A.E.
VII. Entry Requirements Prospective candidates:
• Have to successfully complete basic medical training, leading to MBBS, MD, or MBChB
from a recognized institution.
• Must have completed at least one year internship programme that includes one month of
Diagnostic Radiology.
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• Must be fully registered by a regulatory Authority to practice medicine in the United
Arab Emirates.
• Must be successful at an Evaluation Examination which may include an oral and/or
written examination and an oral interview. The Academic Affairs Centre in collaboration
with the Admission Committee will supervise the Evaluation.
• Applications will be submitted online in response to advertisement.
VIII. Number of Posts and Duration of Programme The maximum number of posts per academic year is 6 residents, will be accommodated in all
sites, with two resident per site. This number will reflect the available resources at the
programme sites. The duration of the programme will be four years.
IX. Trainees Responsibilities Residents are required to document activities of the programme, diagnostic procedures and
intervention, in a logbook. The logbook should be signed by the assigned radiologist in each
rotation. At the completion of the rotation, all documents, the log book, and assessment / letter of
recommendation from the responsible liaison member will be forwarded to the Residency
Radiological Training Committee.
X. Programme Structure The Radiology Residency training is a four year training programme.
1st year Residency
The 1st year will consist of lectures which will enable the resident to be familiar with the
principles of the basic sciences in Medical Imaging, which include:
1. Physics in Medical Imaging.
2. Radiation Protection.
3. Radiological Anatomy.
4. Radiological technique & Radiographic positioning.
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5. Contrast media.
6. Radionuclide & Radionuclide Imaging.
Also it will include clinical rotations for radiological modality –based training
Physics
An introductory course on basic radiation physics and radiation safety relevant to clinical
radiology is provided during the first three months of training.
30 hours of formal tuition will be delivered, including the current ionizing radiation regulations
related to ionizing radiation. This teaching is given by medical physicists. Candidates will be
expected to supplement this tuition by a substantial amount of self-directed learning.
Core knowledge
• The fundamental physics of matter and radiation
• Practical radiation protection
• International and UAE Federal Radiation Protection recommendations.
• The physics of other diagnostic imaging modalities such as Ultrasound & MRI, as well as
physics of radionuclide and Radionuclide imaging.
Radiological Anatomy, Radiological techniques and procedures
In the first year of training the resident must obtain a sound understanding of Radiological
Anatomy and begin to acquire some of the practical skills in Radiological techniques &
procedures.
Radiographic positioning
In the case of Plain radiography, residents should become familiar with the various radiographic
techniques even if they do not take the radiographs personally.
Communication, interpretation and report writing
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In the first year of training the resident must begin to acquire some of the core interpretation,
reporting and Communication skills. This will include discussing the management of patients
with clinicians before and after a procedure has been performed. It will also include the
discussion of procedures and their possible complications with patients.
By the end of the first year residents will have interpreted and formally reported the following
under the supervision of the attended Radiologist.
Core
• All core procedures and techniques performed by the resident during his assigned
rotation.
• A selection of in-patient and out-patient radiographs
Overview:
At the end of the first year residents should:
• Feel confident in their choice of clinical radiology as a career
• Have mastered the basic radiation physics and radiation safety required in clinical
radiology.
• Be familiar with the concepts and terminology of diagnostic and interventional radiology.
• Understand the role and usefulness of the common diagnostic and interventional
techniques in all age groups.
• Understand the responsibilities of a radiologist to the patient including the legal
framework and the necessity for informed consent.
• Be familiar with the various contrast media, drugs , including administration of sedatives
and monitoring used in day to day radiological practice, and be aware of indication,
contraindications, doses (adult and pediatric) and the management of reactions and
complications.
• Be competent in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
• Understand the principles of radiation protection and be familiar with the legal
framework for protection against ionizing radiation. Residents should also be able to
demonstrate that they are capable of safe radiological practice
• Be familiar with safety requirements for imaging with ionizing & non-ionizing radiation.
• Have a sound understanding of basic radiological and radiographic procedures
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• Have developed, under supervision, some basic reporting skills.
• Have mastered and been assessed in basic communication skills and relationships with
patients, especially issues around respecting confidentiality and obtaining consent
2nd, 3rd & 4th year Residency
The framework for Residency training during the 2nd, 3rd and 4th year will consist of clinical
rotations with formal lectures which should give appropriate experience in the areas identified
below.
System-based Training:
1. Cardio-thoracic imaging
2. Gastrointestinal and abdominal imaging
3. Musculoskeletal imaging
4. Neuroradiology imaging
5. Head and neck imaging including ear, nose and throat/dental
6. Paediatric imaging
7. Obstetric and gynaecological imaging
8. Uroradiology imaging
9. Vascular imaging
10. Breast imaging
11. Radionuclide imaging
Note:
Emergency and Oncology imaging will be included in each relevant system rotation.
Technique-based training (CT, MRI, US, interventional and Radionuclide):
Are incorporated within each system-based module and are no longer defined separately, but are
defined in this document for reference.
System based training objectives
The following sections delineate the training objectives (knowledge, skills and experience) that
will be acquired during Years 2-4.
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Each component of the training program will have a clearly defined structure for the supervision
of the resident by the assigned Radiologist. The assigned Radiologist will be assumed overall
responsibility for the training given during that period, including the techniques performed and
preliminary radiology reports issued by the resident.
Generic competencies
Core knowledge
• Secure knowledge of the current legislation regarding radiation protection.
• able to offer advice as to the appropriate examination to perform in different clinical
situations
• Knowledge of infection control, child protection, nutrition, sedation and other generic
issues that could apply to radiological interpretation and procedures.
• Participation in clinic-radiological/multidisciplinary meetings.
Core skills
• participation in reporting plain radiographs which are taken during the general throughput
of the normal working day of a department of clinical radiology
• performing any routine radiological procedure that might be booked during a normal
working day
• performing and reporting on-call investigations appropriate to the level of training with
the appropriate level of supervision
• attendance and conducting clinico-radiological conferences and multidisciplinary
meetings
• competence at reviewing studies on a workstation and familiarity with digital image
manipulation and post-processing
• Provision of a good standard of practice and care, treatment in emergencies
• writing reports, giving evidence and signing documents
• Working with colleagues:
- treating colleagues fairly
- working in teams
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- arranging cover
- taking up appointments
- sharing information with colleagues
• Relationships with Patients
- obtaining consent
- respecting confidentiality
- maintaining trust
- good communication
• Probity
- dealing with problems in professional practice
- handling complaints and formal inquiries
System- based Training
1. Cardiac imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of cardiac anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of the manifestations of cardiac disease demonstrated by plain radiography
• familiarity with the application of the following techniques:
- Radionuclide
- CT
- MRI
- angiography, including coronary angiography
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed to show cardiac disease and postoperative
appearances
• Attending reporting session of common and relevant cardiac conditions shown by CT and
MRI
Optional experience
• observation of relevant radionuclide studies ,CT , MRI performed to show cardiac disease
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• observing coronary and cardiac angiography and interventional procedures
2. Thoracic imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of thoracic anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of the manifestations of thoracic disease as demonstrated by plain
radiography and CT
• knowledge of the application of radionuclide investigations to thoracic pathology with
particular reference to radionuclide lung scintigrams
• knowledge of the application, risks and contraindications of the technique of image-
guided biopsy of thoracic lesions
Core skills
• reporting of plain radiographs performed to show thoracic disease
• supervising and reporting radionuclide lung scintigrams
• supervising and reporting CT of the thorax, including high-resolution examinations and
CT pulmonary angiography
• drainage of pleural space collections under image guidance
Core experience
• Observation of image-guided biopsies of lesions within the thorax
Optional experience
• Catheter angiography
3. Gastrointestinal and abdominal imaging (including liver, pancreas and spleen)
Core knowledge
• knowledge of GI and biliary anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of the radiological manifestations of disease within the abdomen on plain
radiography, contrast studies (including ERCP), US, CT, MRI, radionuclide
investigations and angiography
• knowledge of the applications, contraindications and complications of relevant
interventional procedures
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed to show GI disease
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• performing and reporting the following contrast examinations:
- swallow and meal examinations
- small bowel studies
- enema examinations
• performing and reporting Tran abdominal US of the GI system and abdominal viscera
• Supervising and reporting CT of the abdomen.
• supervising and reporting certain MRI examinations of the abdomen (e.g. MRCP)
• performing:
- US-guided biopsy and drainage
- CT-guided biopsy and drainage
Core experience
• experience of the following contrast medium studies:
- sinogram
- stomagram
• experience of the current application of radionuclide investigations in the following
areas:
- liver
- biliary system
- GI bleeding
- abscess localization
- assessment of inflammatory bowel disease
• experience of the application of angiography and vascular interventional techniques to
this area
• experience of the relevant interventional application:
- percutaneous biliary procedures
Optional experience
• observation of ERCP and other diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic techniques
• performing T-tube cholangiography
• performing percutaneous cholangiography
• experience of the relevant application of the following interventional procedures:
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- balloon dilatation of the oesophagus/stent insertion
- porto-systemic decompression procedures
4. Musculoskeletal imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of musculoskeletal anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of normal variants of normal anatomy, which may mimic trauma
• knowledge of the manifestations of musculoskeletal disease and trauma as demonstrated
by plain radiography, CT, MRI, contrast examinations, radionuclide investigations and
US
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs relevant to the diagnosis of disorders of the musculoskeletal
system including trauma
• reporting radionuclide investigations of the musculoskeletal system, particularly skeletal
scintigrams
• supervising and reporting CT of the musculoskeletal system
• supervising and reporting MRI of the musculoskeletal system
• performing and reporting US of the musculoskeletal system
• supervising CT and MRI of trauma patients
Core experience
• experience of the relevant contrast examinations (e.g., arthrography)
Optional experience
• familiarity with the application of angiography
• Observation of discography and facet joint injections
• observing and performing image-guided bone and soft-tissue biopsy
5. Neuroradiology imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of neuro-anatomy and clinical practice relevant to neuroradiology
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• knowledge of the manifestations of central nervous system disease as demonstrated on
plain radiography, CT, MRI and angiography
• awareness of the applications, contraindications and complications of invasive neuro-
radiological procedures
• familiarity with the application of radionuclide investigations in neuroradiology
• familiarity with the application of CT and magnetic resonance angiography in
neuroradiology
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs in the investigation of neurological disorders
• supervising and reporting cranial and spinal CT, including trauma
• supervising and reporting cranial and spinal MRI
Core experience
• observation of cerebral angiograms and their reporting
• observation of carotid Doppler ultrasound
• experience in MR and CT angiography and venography to image the cerebral vascular
system
Optional experience
• performing and reporting cerebral angiograms
• experience of CT perfusion techniques
• performing and reporting carotid Doppler ultrasound
• performing and reporting trans-cranial paediatric US
• observation of interventional neuro-radiological procedures
• observation of advanced MR techniques, including magnetic resonance spectroscopy
• experience of functional brain imaging techniques (radionuclide and MRI)
6. Head and neck imaging including ear, nose and throat/dental
Core knowledge
• knowledge of head and neck anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of the manifestations of Head and Neck disease as demonstrated by plain
radiography, relevant contrast examinations, US, CT and MRI
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• awareness of the application of US with particular reference to the thyroid and salivary
glands and other neck structures
• awareness of the application of radionuclide investigations with particular reference to
the thyroid and parathyroid glands
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed to show Head and Neck disease
• performing and reporting relevant contrast examinations (e.g. barium studies)
• performing and reporting US of the neck (including the thyroid, parathyroid and salivary
glands)
• supervising and reporting CT of the head and neck diseases
• supervising and reporting MRI of the head and neck Head and Neck disease
• Reporting radionuclide thyroid investigations
Optional experience
• Performing biopsies of neck masses (thyroid, lymph nodes etc.)
• reporting radionuclide parathyroid investigations
• performing and reporting of sialography
7. Paediatric imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of paediatric anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of disease entities specific to the paediatric age group and their clinical
manifestations relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of disease entities specific to the paediatric age group and their manifestations
as demonstrated on plain radiography, US, contrast studies, CT, MRI and radionuclide
investigations
• The management of suspected non-accidental injury and the recognition of features of
child abuse.
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed in the investigation of paediatric disorders
including trauma
• performing and reporting US in the paediatric age group
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• supervise and report cranial CT studies, particularly in the setting of acute trauma
• performing and reporting routine fluoroscopic procedures in the paediatric age group,
particularly:
- contrast studies of the urinary tract
- contrast studies of the GI system
Core experience
• supervising and reporting CT, MRI and radionuclide investigations in the paediatric age
group
Optional experience
• the practical management of the following paediatric emergencies:
- neonatal GI obstruction
- intussusception
8. Obstetrics and gynaecology imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of obstetric and gynaecological anatomy and clinical practice relevant to
clinical radiology
• knowledge of the physiological changes affecting imaging of the female reproductive
organs
• knowledge of the changes in maternal and foetal anatomy during gestation
• awareness of the applications of angiography and vascular interventional techniques
• awareness of the applications of MRI in gynaecological disorders and obstetrics
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed to show gynaecological disorders
• performing and reporting trans-abdominal and endo-vaginal US in gynaecological
disorders, including possible complications of early pregnancy (e.g. ectopic)
• Performing and reporting routine obstetric US including identification of common foetal
abnormalities.
• supervising and reporting CT in gynaecological disorders
• supervising and reporting MRI in gynaecological disorders
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Core experience
• Performing and reporting hysterosalpingography
Optional experience
• Observation of angiography and vascular interventional techniques in gynaecological
disease
9. Uroradiology imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of urinary tract anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• knowledge of the manifestations of urological disease as demonstrated on plain
radiography, US, CT and MRI
• familiarity with the current application of radionuclide investigations for imaging the
following:
- renal structure
- renal function
- vescio-ureteric reflux
• awareness of the application of angiography and vascular interventional techniques
Core skills
• reporting plain radiographs performed to show urinary tract disease
• performing and reporting the following contrast studies:
- intravenous urogram
- retrograde pyelo-ureterography
- nephrostogram
- ascending urethrogram
- micturating cysto-urethrogram
• performing and reporting transabdominal US to image the urinary tract
• supervising and reporting CT of the urinary tract
• reporting radionuclide investigations of the urinary tract in the following areas:
- renal structure
- renal function
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- vesico-ureteric reflux
Core experience
• observing nephrostomies
• drainage of renal abscesses and peri-renal collections
• observation of percutaneous ureteric stent placement
• observation of endorectal US
• performing image-guided renal biopsy under US and/or CT guidance
• MRI applied to the urinary tract
• experience of angiography and vascular interventional techniques
• experience of antegrade pyelo-ureterography
Optional experience
• urodynamics
• performing nephrostomies
• percutaneous nephrolithotomy
• lithotripsy
10. Vascular imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of vascular anatomy and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• familiarity with the indications, contraindications, pre-procedure preparation (including
informed consent), sedation and anaesthetic regimens, patient monitoring during
procedures, procedural techniques and post-procedure patient care
• familiarity with procedure and post-procedure complications and their management
• familiarity with the appropriate applications of the following techniques:
- US (including Doppler)
- digital subtraction techniques
- CT and CT angiography
- MRI and MR angiography
- intra-arterial angiography
• Attending vascular interventional sessions.
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Core skills – imaging
• reporting plain radiographs relevant to cardiovascular disease
• performing and reporting lower limb venography (contrast medium and/or US)
• Supervising and reporting CT examinations of the vascular system including image
reformation.
• performing and reporting: US (including Doppler), venous and arterial
Optional experience – imaging
• femoral artery puncture techniques and the introduction of guide wires and catheters into
the arterial system
• venous puncture techniques both central and peripheral and the introduction of guide
wires and catheters into the venous system (e.g. central venous access)
• performing and reporting the following procedures:
- lower limb angiography
- arch aortography
- abdominal aortography
- digital subtraction angiography
• selective angiography (e.g. hepatic, renal, visceral)
• pulmonary angiography
• alternative arterial access (brachial/radial punctures etc)
• upper limb venography
• portal venography
• pelvic venography via femoral approach
• superior vena cavography
• inferior vena cavography
Optional experience − interventional
• angioplasty and stenting techniques, including endografting
• embolisation
• thrombolysis
• caval filter insertion
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11. Breast imaging
Core knowledge
• knowledge of breast anatomy, pathology and clinical practice relevant to clinical
radiology
• understanding of the radiographic techniques employed in diagnostic mammography
• understanding of the principles of current practice in breast imaging and breast cancer
screening
• awareness of the proper application of other imaging techniques to this specialty (e.g. US,
MRI and Radionuclide)
Core skills
• mammographic reporting of common breast disease
Core experience
• Participation in mammographic reporting sessions.
• participation in breast multidisciplinary meetings
• performing ultrasound of the breast
• observation of breast biopsy and localization
Optional experience
• performing breast biopsy and localization
12. Oncology
Core knowledge
• knowledge of oncological pathology and clinical practice relevant to clinical radiology
• familiarity with tumour staging nomenclature
• familiarity with the application of US, radionuclide investigations, CT and MRI,
angiography and interventional techniques in oncological staging, and monitoring the
response of tumours to therapy
• familiarity with the radiological manifestations of complications which may occur in
tumour management
Core skills
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• reporting plain radiographs performed to assess tumours
• performing and reporting US, CT, MRI and radionuclide investigations (including
PET/CT) in oncological staging and monitoring the response of tumours to therapy
• performing image-guided biopsy of masses under US and CT guidance
Core experience
• Participation in multidisciplinary meetings
Technique-based Training
The core training objectives for the following technique based training - CT, MRI, interventional
radiology and Ultrasound all have been incorporated into the system based modules and listed
below for reference.
1. Computed tomography
Core
• Knowledge of the technical aspects of performing CT, including the use of contrast
media.
• knowledge of cross-sectional anatomy as demonstrated by CT
• practical experience in supervision including vetting requests, determining protocols, the
examination, and post processing and reporting of the examination in the following
anatomical sites:
- brain
- head and neck
- chest
- abdomen and pelvis
- musculoskeletal
- vascular
• experience in performing CT-guided procedures, e.g. biopsy and drainage
• familiarity with the application of CT venography and angiography
• familiarity with post-image acquisition processing
2. Magnetic resonance imaging
28
Core
• understanding of current advice regarding the safety aspects of MRI
• knowledge of the basic physical principles of MRI, including the use of contrast media
• knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy in orthogonal planes, and the appearance of
normal structures on different pulse sequences
• experience in supervision including vetting requests, determining protocols, the
examination, and post-processing and reporting of the examination in the following
anatomical sites:
- brain
- head and neck
- chest
- abdomen and pelvis
- musculoskeletal (e.g. hips, knees, shoulders, and extremities)
• experience of the application of magnetic resonance angiography and venography
• familiarity with post image acquisition processing
3. Radionuclide radiology
Core
• secure knowledge of the relevant aspects of current legislation regarding the
administration of radiopharmaceuticals
• knowledge of the technical aspects of radionuclide radiology relevant to optimising
image quality
• knowledge of the radiopharmaceuticals currently available for the purposes of imaging
organs and locating inflammatory collections, tumours and sites of haemorrhage
• knowledge of the relevant patient preparation, precautions (including drug effects), and
complications of the more commonly performed radionuclide investigations
• knowledge and understanding of the principles and indications of the more commonly
performed radionuclide investigations and how these relate to other imaging techniques,
in particular knowledge of the radionuclide investigations in the following topic areas:
- cardiology
29
- endocrinology
- gastroenterology and hepato-biliary disease
- haematology
- infection
- lung disease
- nephro-urology
- nervous system
- oncology
- paediatrics
- skeletal disorders
• understanding the significance of normal and abnormal results
• knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of radionuclide investigations compared to
other imaging modalities
• experience in supervision and reporting of radionuclide investigations
• an appreciation of functional /anatomical imaging including hybrid technologies such as
PET-CT and SPECT-CT
o a knowledge of the role of PET-CT in the staging of the common malignancies
(lung, colon, etc)
o an understanding of the role of PET-CT in other tumour groups and its potential
use in cardiology and neurology
4. Ultrasound
Core
• knowledge of the technical aspects of US relevant to optimising image quality
• knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy as visualised on US
• experience in performing and reporting transabdominal US examination of structures in
the following anatomical areas:
- general abdomen (including vessels)
- pelvis (non-obstetric)
- small parts (scrotum, thyroid, neck structures)
30
- upper abdomen (including lower chest)
• experience of performing Doppler US imaging (e.g. leg veins, portal vein, carotid artery)
• performing US of the breast
• performing US-guided interventional procedures (e.g. biopsy and drainage)
• knowledge of infection control and probe cleaning
Optional
• obstetric USS
• performing Tran cranial paediatric USS
• Performing musculoskeletal USS.
5. Interventional radiology
Core
• familiarity with the equipment and techniques used in vascular, biliary, and renal
interventional techniques
• familiarity with the indications, contraindications, pre-procedure preparation including
informed consent, patient monitoring during the procedure and post-procedure patient
care
• familiarity with procedure and post-procedure complications and their management
• US-guided interventional procedures (e.g. biopsy and drainage)
• CT-guided interventional procedures (e.g. biopsy and drainage)
Optional
• performing nephrostomies
• Observation of angioplasty and stenting techniques
• observation of the spectrum of interventional procedures currently performed in the
following systems:
- vascular system (including neurovascular)
- urinary system
- biliary system
- GI and abdominal system
- musculoskeletal system
31
• experience of MRI-guided interventional procedures
XI. Vacation Each year will include four weeks of vacation that may be taken at any time in the programme
with the approval of the programme director and the supervisor of the affected rotation. Every
effort will be made to avoid significantly impacting the educational experience in any single
rotation that might occur should a prolonged period of leave be taken within a single rotation.
XII. On-Call Duty Each resident will participate in an appropriate on-call Rota in order to be exposed to acute and
emergency radiology, in which he/she will be responsible to the assigned Radiologist. This
should commence during the third year of training, although on-call experience at an earlier
stage also provides valuable training opportunities.
XIII. Evaluation of the Programme Assessment of Resident Performance:
Supervision of Residents
Policy:
1. Clinical teaching staff (Programme Directors, Programme Co-Site Directors, Educational
Supervisors and Trainers) is essential and important to the successful implementation of the
Dubai Residency Training Programme.
2. Clinical teachers are expected to be familiar with the goals and objectives of the
programme as well as of the rotation for which they have responsibility.
3. Clinical teaching staff is expected to provide a direct and appropriate level of clinical
supervision to all residents during clinical rotations.
32
4. Clinical teaching staff is expected to foster an effective learning environment by ensuring
that the (a) residents share responsibility for decision-making in patient care under
supervision, (b) residents have constructive feedback from the concerning clinical skills at
diagnosis and management (c) participation of residents in patient care adds to the
effectiveness, appropriateness and quality of care.
Procedures
1. Clinical responsibilities must be assigned to the residents in a carefully supervised and
graduated manner, so that the resident assumes progressively increasing responsibility in
accordance with their level of education, ability, and experience.
2. Teaching staff supervision must include timely and appropriate feedback to the residents.
3. The resident’s clinical involvement must be in fulfilment of the program’s written
educational curriculum.
4. Teaching staff must demonstrate concern for each resident’s well-being and professional
development.
5. Teaching staff who supervise the residents have overall responsibility for patient are and
are the ultimate authority for final decision.
6. Teaching staff schedules must be structured to ensure continuous supervision of residents
and availability of consultation.
7. All decisions regarding diagnostic tests and therapeutics, initiated by the residents will be
reviewed with the responsible Consultants or educational supervisor during patient care
rounds.
8. Patients will be seen by the team of residents, interns and medical student and their care
will be reviewed with the Consultant or educational supervisor at appropriate intervals.
9. The residents are required to promptly notify the patient’s Consultant physician in the event
of any controversy regarding patient care or any serious change in the patient’s condition.
10. In clinics and consultation services, the Consultant or supervising physician must review
overall patient care rendered by residents.
11. In the operating theatres, the Consultant or supervising physicians are responsible for the
supervision of all operative cases. Consultants or supervising physicians must be present in
the operating room with residents during critical parts of the procedure. For less critical
parts of the procedure, the Consultant or supervising physician must be immediately
available for direct participation.
Residency training programme committee
33
The residency training programme committee under the leadership of the programme director
will be responsible for the on-going evaluation of the programme. This will include an
evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the programme and the recommended
improvements. As well, all residency education sites, including elective experiences will be
evaluated. The committee should also undertake a formal evaluation of all teaching staff,
affiliated with the programme. Discussion regarding the programme will occur at all residency
training programme committee meetings, and a formal evaluation of the programme
accompanied by a report should occur on a yearly basis.
Internal review
The internal review is intended as a mechanism to assist the sponsor in maintaining the quality of
residency programme and providing the programme administrators with information about the
strengths and weaknesses of the programme so that necessary corrective measures may be taken.
The internal review should be initiated by the Head of Academic Affairs Centre and the team
should include: a programme director from another programme, a staff member from another
discipline who is experienced in postgraduate medical education, and a resident from anther
discipline. A series of interviews should take place with the programme director, teaching staff,
members of the resident group, and with the residency programme committee.
Visits to individual sites should occur when indicated. The internal review team should review
all residency education sites and elective experiences. There should be a careful assessment of
the quality of the programme and the degree to which it fulfils its goals and objectives.
The written report of the internal review should include the strengths and weaknesses of the
programme and specific recommendations for continued development and improvements. This
report should be submitted to the Head of Academic Affairs, chair of the department, the
programme director, and members of the residency programme committee.
External review
34
The programme should undergo an external review every 5 years. The process of the external
review is similar to that of the internal review with the exception of the make-up of the review
committee. The external review is imitated by the Head of Academic Affairs for medical
education and the team should include: a representative of an accrediting body in Radiology, a
programme director from another Radiology programme accredited by the aforementioned body,
a faculty member form another discipline who is experienced in postgraduate medical education,
and a resident from an accredited external programme. The external review committee would
generate a report that should include the strengths and weaknesses of the programme and specific
recommendations for continued development and improvements.
XIV. The Certification Residents who are eligible can set for the fellowship (FRCR) and the Arab Board examinations.
35
Appendix 1:
Rotation Duration
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
R1 12wks Plain Radiography (RH,DH), 8wks Fluoroscopy contrast studies + IVU
(RH,DH), 8wks Ultrasound (RH, DH), 4wks CT (RH ), 4wks MRI( RH) , 4wks DSA
& interventional (RH) , 4wks Nuclear medicine (DH )
• Part 1, Arab Board
• First Fellowship (FRCR) Exam.
R2 16wks Cardiothoracic Imaging(RH,DH), 8wks G.I.T Imaging(RH,DH), 8wks
Neuroradiology Imaging(RH), 12wks Musculoskeletal Imaging (RH)
Final Fellowship (FRCR) Exam – Part A (Modules based Exam)
R3 8wks Neuroradiology Imaging(RH), 8wks Uroradiology Imaging(DH), 4wks
Vascular Imaging(RH), 8wks G.I.T Imaging(RH,DH) , 8wks Head & Neck Imaging
(DH, RH) , 8wks Paediatric Imaging(AWH).
Final Fellowship (FRCR) Exam – Part A (Modules based Exam)
R4 8wks Breast Imaging(RH,DH), 12wks Obs/Gyn(AWH,DH), 8wks Radionuclide
Imaging(DH), 8wks Vascular Imaging (RH)
• Part 2, Arab Board
• Final Fellowship (FRCR) Exam – Part A&B
36
List of Radiology modality Training + Duration: PGY 1
The Training Programme Duration
Plain Radiography 3 Months
Fluoroscopy Contrast Studies + Intravenous Urography 2 Months
Ultrasound (including Doppler) 2 Months
Computerized Tomography (CT) Imaging 1 Months
Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging 1 Months
Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) including diagnostic &
therapeutic procedures 1 Months
Nuclear Medicine Imaging 1 Months
37
System- based training + Duration: PGY 2, 3 & 4
The Training Programme Duration
Cardiothoracic Imaging 4 Months
G.I.T. Imaging 4 Months
Musculoskeletal Imaging 3 Months
Neuroradiology Imaging 4 Months
Head & Neck Imaging 2 Months
Paediatric Imaging 4 Months
Obstetrics & gynecology Imaging 3 Months
Uroradiology Imaging 2 Months
Vascular Imaging 3 Months
Breast Imaging 2 Months
Nuclear Medicine Imaging 2 Months
Note: Emergency and Oncology Imaging will be covered during each relevant rotation.
38
Syllabus
1. Anatomy and Techniques Syllabus
2. Physic Syllabus
Final FRCR Examination: Detailed Anatomy and Techniques Syllabus
1. MODULE 1: Thorax and Cardiovascular
Anatomy
o Anatomy of the heart, coronary arteries, aorta, great vessels, vascular structures of
the thorax and mediastinum, as demonstrated by radiography, contrast studies and
cross sectional imaging
o Anatomy of the lungs, including segmental anatomy, bronchial tree and pleura, as
demonstrated by radiography, bronchography and cross-sectional imaging
o Anatomy of arterial, venous and lymphatic systems of the whole body
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain film techniques for imaging the thorax, with knowledge of how variation in
exposure factors influences the final image
o Basic knowledge of bronchography, coronary angiography, magnetic resonance
angiography and radionuclide techniques
o CT and MRI in the thorax, including high resolution CT (HRCT) and CT
pulmonary angiography (CTPA)
o Angiographic techniques for imaging the aorta, great vessels and peripheral
vascular system, with a knowledge of common interventional procedures
o Contrast venography of arms, legs and central veins
o Ultrasound imaging of the heart, arterial and venous systems, including uses and
applications of Doppler, colour Doppler and power Doppler imaging
39
o Imaging of the lymphatic system, especially with radionuclide techniques
2. MODULE 2: Musculoskeletal
Anatomy
o Anatomy of the skull and facial bones
o Anatomy of the skeleton, including knowledge of the major ossification centers
with times of fusion and the common anomalies and variants that may mimic
disease
o Anatomy of the muscles and other soft tissues, as demonstrated by ultrasound, CT
and MRI
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain film techniques for imaging the skeletal system, including specific
projectional techniques
o Ultrasound, CT and MRI techniques for the examination of the skeletal system
and soft tissues
o Arthrographic techniques, including CT
o The use of radionuclide imaging in the skeletal system
o Interventional techniques
3. MODULE 3: Gastro-intestinal
Anatomy
o Anatomy of the oropharynx, oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small bowel and
colon, as demonstrated by radiography, contrast studies and cross-sectional
imaging
o Cross-sectional anatomy of the liver, gall bladder and biliary tree, pancreas and
spleen, as demonstrated by ultrasound, CT and MRI
o Anatomy of the peritoneum and retroperitoneum, as demonstrated by cross-
sectional imaging
o Anatomy of the biliary tree, as demonstrated by direct cholangiography and
ERCP, ultrasound and MRCP
40
o Anatomy of the vascular supply of the upper abdominal viscera, as demonstrated
by ultrasound, CT, MRA and angiography
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain film radiography of the abdomen
o Contrast studies of the intestinal tract, including video studies of the upper gastro-
intestinal tract and sialography
o Techniques for imaging the biliary tract, including ERCP and MRCP
o Common techniques for cross-sectional imaging of the gastro-intestinal tract and
upper abdominal organs
o Optimisation of cross-sectional imaging for specific applications by manipulation
of physical variables, e.g. ultrasound frequency, CT pitch
o Use of contrast agents in cross-sectional imaging of the abdomen
o Common diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures.
o Common radionuclide imaging techniques
4. MODULE 4: Genito-urinary, Adrenal, Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Breast
Anatomy
o Anatomy of the urinary tract, adrenal glands, male and female genital tracts,
including the pregnant uterus
o Anatomy and dating of the developing normal fetus
o Anatomy of the female breast
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain film radiography of abdomen and pelvis
o Common contrast techniques for the examination of the renal tract, including
intravenous urography, antegrade and retrograde pyelography, cystography,
urethrography and nephrostogram
o CT and MRI examinations of the kidneys, adrenals and male and female pelvis
o Radionuclide techniques for evaluating renal function
41
o Ultrasound techniques for examining the renal tract and male and female genital
tracts, including endocavity examination of prostate and female pelvis and
Doppler techniques
o Ultrasound of early pregnancy complications, e.g. ectopic pregnancy
Ultrasound and contrast hysterosalpingography
o Mammography, ultrasound and MRI of the breast
o Nephrostomy insertion, ureteric stenting, renal biopsy procedures, angiographic
and vascular interventional techniques
o Breast biopsy techniques
5. MODULE 5: Paediatrics
Anatomy
o The normal anatomy and changing appearances of the growing child, including
epiphyseal ossification and common variants that may mimic disease. (Detailed
knowledge of appearance of ossification centers is not required.)
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain radiographic techniques of chest, abdomen and skeleton
o Contrast studies of the gastro-intestinal and urinary tracts
o Common paediatric ultrasound techniques, including cranial, musculoskeletal,
abdominal and pelvic studies
o CT and MRI examinations of the child
o Radionuclide imaging techniques
o Interventional techniques
6. MODULE 6: Central Nervous & Head and Neck
Anatomy
o Anatomy of the skull, facial bones and spine
o Anatomy of the brain, spinal cord and meninges, including cerebral and spinal
vascular anatomy
o Anatomy of the thyroid, parathyroid and salivary glands
o Anatomy of the paranasal sinuses, teeth, pharynx and larynx
42
o Anatomy of the orbit, including the lacrimal apparatus
Techniques
Knowledge is required of the techniques listed below
o Plain radiography of the skull, facial bones and teeth
o Cross-sectional imaging with CT, MRI and ultrasound
o Imaging of the intracranial circulation, including intra-arterial angiography and
CT and MR angiography
o Radionuclide imaging
o Contrast examinations, e.g. barium studies
o Interventional techniques
SYLLABUS FOR PHYSICS IN CLINICAL MEDICAL IMAGING Submitted by: The Medical Physics Section / Dubai Health Authority (DHA)
1. Basic Radiation Physics and Radiation Protection
• Matter and Radiation
o Structure of Matter
o Radioactivity
o Production of X-rays
o Interaction of X-rays and Gamma Rays with Biological Tissue
o Filtration of X-ray Beams
o Luminescence
• Basic Radiation Dosimetry and Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
o Radiation Exposure (X), Absorbed Dose (D), and Kerma (K)
o Equivalent Dose (H) and Effective Dose (E)
o Units of Patient Dosimetry in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
o Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Soft Tissue
• Regulations, International Standards, and Radiation Protection
o The Regulatory Framework of the UAE: FANR*, UAE Radiation
Protection Regulations
43
o The International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP)
o Principles of Radiation Protection: Justification, Optimization, and Dose
Limits
o Practical Radiation Protection: Time, Distance, Shielding
* FANR: Federal Authority of Nuclear Regulations – FANR is the regulatory body in the UAE in charge of:
1. Developing regulations and Safety Standards; 2. Licensing of Radiation Users; 3. Inspecting Radiation Facilities;
Enforcing the UAE Regulations
2. Radiography with X-rays
• Basic Operational Principle of: Film Radiography, Computed Radiography (CR), and
Digital Radiography (DR)
• Production of X-rays: X-ray Tube and X-ray Beam
• Image Receptors for CR and DR
• Effect of Scattered X-rays and X-ray Grids
• Image Quality in Radiography
• Dual Energy Radiography
• Mammography
• Brief Overview of Patient Doses in X-ray Radiography
• Dose Reference Levels in Radiography – The Example of UK
3. Diagnostic and Interventional Fluoroscopy
• Basic Operational Principle of Fluoroscopy
• Image Intensifier and Flat Panel
• Image Quality in Fluoroscopy
• Contrast Media
• Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)
• Interventional Cardiology (IC)
• Brief Overview of Patient Doses in Diagnostic and Interventional Fluoroscopy
• Dose Reference Levels in Fluoroscopy – The Example of UK.
• The International Campaign Image Gently TM for the Protection of Children in
Interventional Cardiology.
44
4. Computed Tomography (CT)
• Basic Operational Principle of a CT Scanner
• Multi-Slice Scanners
• Image Quality in Computed Tomography
• CT Angio and Gated Imaging
• CT Perfusion
• Brief Overview of Patient Doses in Computed Tomography
• Dose Reference Levels in Diagnostic Computed Tomography – The Example of UK
• The International Campaign Image Gently TM for the Protection of Children in
Computed Tomography
5. Radionuclide Imaging [Nuclear Medicine]
• Radiopharmaceuticals
• Diagnostic Imaging Tomography with Radionuclides
• Cardiac and Non cardiac Studies
• Image Quality in Radionuclide Imaging
• Brief Overview of Patient Doses in Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine
• Diagnostic and Therapeutic Studies for Blood Diseases
6. Imaging with Ultrasound (US)
• Brief Overview of Physics of Ultrasonic Waves – Interaction of ultrasound with Living
Tissue
• A-Mode Ultrasonic Imaging
• B-Mode Ultrasonic Imaging
• Image Resolution
• Artefacts
• Doppler Ultrasound
45
• Patient Safety Considerations
7. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Brief Overview of Physics of Radiofrequency Waves – Interaction of RF Waves With
Living Tissue
• Basic Operational of MRI systems – Magnets and Coils
• Specialized Imaging Techniques
• MRI Image Quality
• Artifacts
• Advantages of MRI
• Brief Overview of Patient Safety in MRI
For the Medical Physics Section:
- Sara Buhumaid, Head of Medical Physics Section (MPS)
- Abderrachid Zitouni, Consultant Medical Physicist / MPS
46
DHA Radiology Residency Program
Clinical ROTATION Evaluation Resident Name: (optional)__________________Rotation_________________________ This Form is designed to provide resident feedback to Programme Administrators concerning strengths and areas to improve in the variety and organization of clinical exposures provided in the different clinical rotations of the Surgery Programme. The forms will be given to the rotation supervisor of each rotation at the end of the rotation. Please feel free to be candid and objective. All comments will not be traceable to the resident completing the form by the immediate supervisor. Rank the following statements whether you Strongly Agree (S/A), Agree (A), Disagree (D), Strongly Disagree (S/D) or Can Not Judge (N/J)
47
Evaluation Scale
S/A A D S/D N/J
Organization of the Rotation The overall workload of the rotation was appropriate (please make a comment in comments section as to if workload was too light or too heavy)
Reporting sessions provide an adequate opportunity to learn a systematic approach to the film, radiological terms, reporting structuring .
The amount of scut in the Rotation was appropriate
The clinical material I saw provided a good exposure to the field of practice of the rotation
I was given clinical responsibilities appropriate for my level of training (please make a comment in comments section as to whether too much or too little was expected of you)
Teaching The academic activities of the division provided good learning opportunities
There was adequate access to internet
resources and books if I needed to look something up The reporting session teaching was very good I received my evaluation before the rotation ended
I received feedback about my performance throughout the rotation
Organization There was adequate space for me to complete my work
The secretarial support was good The supervising staff were available for back up and consultation if needed
The rotation was arranged in such a way that I was able to attend other Teaching Activities
Resident – Faculty Interactions I felt that my contributions to the department’s clinical activities were valued
My opinions were respected and I felt like a member of the team.
Overall Overall this rotation allowed me to meet most of the rotation specific educational objectives
Comments:
48
DHA Radiology Residency Program
Clinical Rotation FACULTY Teaching Evaluation Resident Name: (optional) __________________Rotation_________________________ This Form is designed to provide resident feedback to Programme Administrators concerning strengths and areas to improve in the quality of training by providing an assessment of teaching staff in the Emergency Medicine Programme. The forms will be given to the resident at the end of each rotation. Please feel free to be candid and objective. All comments will not be traceable by the faculty in question to the resident completing the form. Rank the following statements whether you Strongly Agree (S/A), Agree (A), Disagree (D), Strongly Disagree (S/D) or Can Not Judge (N/J) Please Rate the Faculty Member’s teaching style and capacity to function as a role model. Clinical Teaching Faculty: _______________ Rotation: _______________ (Note: Use a separate sheet for each supervising Faculty Member)
49
Evaluation Scale
S/A A D S/D N/J
Medical Expert Up–to-date in area of practice, scientific and clinical knowledge
Promotes development of trainee’s judgment and decision making
Supervised the teaching of procedural skills
Communicator Role model for effective & compassionate communication with patients & families
Clear written communications documentation
Collaborator Role model for care in interdisciplinary setting
Respectful interaction with trainees/ other colleagues in clinical situations
Provided appropriate graded responsibility to the resident during the
rotation Manager
Role modeled the use of health care resources cost effectively
Organization of work and time management
Health Advocate Role-modeled just advocacy for his/her individual patients
Scholar Promoted critical appraisal skills in teaching and clinical work
Enthusiasm for and effectiveness at teaching
Professional Role modeled and promoted the values of: The highest levels of integrity and honesty
Sensitivity to and respect for diversity Compassion and Empathy Recognition of own limitations Application of the principles of medical ethics to clinical situations
Comments:
50
DHA Radiology RESIDENCY PROGRAM
ROTATION INTRAINING ASSESSMENT (RESIDENT) Name:
Period of Training FROM: TO:
Resident: I II III IV
Site:
Rotation:
Rank the following statements whether Unacceptable (U/A), Needs Improvement (N/I), Competent (C), Advanced (A) or Outstanding (O/S)
51
Evaluation Scale
U/A N/I C A O/S
Medical Expert General medical knowledge Can incorporate medical knowledge to patient problems
Gather essential and accurate information about patients
Make informed diagnostic and therapeutic decisions
Develop and implement patient management plan
Ability to recognize and recruit appropriate personnel to assist with, witness or supervised the procedure
Perform competently essential medical procures
Clinical judgment & decision making
Communicator Demonstrate effective interpersonal and communication skills
Elicit and provide information using multiple skills
Explain rational for test and treatment, obtains patient's consent, educate/counsel regarding management
Collaborator Work effectively with others as a member or leader of health care team or other group professional
Delegates effectively
Manager Demonstrate awareness of and responsiveness to the system of health care
Incorporate cost awareness in decisions Organizes work & manages time well
Health Advocate Assure patient advocacy with high quality while using limited medical resources
advocate for the community health
Scholar Demonstrate understanding and use of EBM in providing patient care
Shows ability in teaching other peers, junior colleagues and students
Use information technology to manage information
Motivated to acquire knowledge even without asking
Professionalism Commitment to professional responsibilities Resident’s attitudes, behavior and interpersonal skills in relation to patients, their families and other health care professionals
Respect and Sensitivity to diversity Compassion and Empathy Commitment to excellence and on-going professional development
Commitment to ethical principles
Overall Resident accessibility all the time and during on-calls
Resident overall clinical competence in the rotation
52
COMMENTS (Including Strengths, Weaknesses and Need for Special Attention). _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Signature of Supervisor Date
53
Signature of Trainee Date
XV. References
• Dubai Residency Training Program-Department of Medical Education-Dubai Health Authority
• Education Board of the Faculty of the Clinical Radiology, the Royal College of
Radiologists (January 2007), Structured Training Curriculum for Clinical Radiology, Royal College of Radiologists, London
• The Arab Board for Medical Specialties ,Specialist Training Programme in Diagnostic
Radiology, Four Year Residency Training Programme (March 2008) • Farr's Physics for Medical Imaging, 2007 Ed. Authors: Penelope J Allisy Roberts, Jerry
Williams- Publisher: W.B. Saunders Company- Available at: Medical Physics Section / DHA
• Royal College of Radiologists / UK – Curriculum and Information, 2009.Physical
Principles in Diagnostic Medical Imaging -Copy of the Document is Attached
54
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