Quality of work life Kesoram

INTRODUCTION

Employees at the grass root level experience a sense of frustration because of low level of

wages, pool working conditions unfavorable Teens of employment, by their superiors And

the like where as managerial personnel feel frustrated because Of alienation over their

conditions of employment, inter personnel Conflicts, role Conflicts, job pressures, lack of

freedom in work, Absence of challenging work etc....

Job discontent and job pressures have their substantial effect on employees health in

the form of reduction in general happiness increase in smoking drinking and putting on

excuse body weight etc....Frustration weight also be due to absence of recognition , tedious

work, unsound relations.

With co-workers, poor working conditions, low self esteem, occupational stress, work heavy

load , monotony, Fatigue, time pressures, lack of stability and security etc. in view of the

contemporary managerial problems, the present day employees are much concerned about

high wages, better benefits, challenging jobs etc...

MEANING:

In the recent past, the tense “quality of work life “has appeared in research journals and the

press with remarkable regularity. Despite this, there is no general definition of the concept it

has become a casual phrase encompassing what ever improvement in general organization

climate the practitioner or researcher has observed.

However some attempts were made to describe the tense QWL.It refers to the favorableness

or unfavorable ness of a job environment for people. QWL means different things to different

people J. Richard and. LOY defines QWL as “the degree to which members of a work

organization are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experience in the

organization.

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DEFINITION:

QWL improvements are defined as any activity, which take place at every level of and

organization, which seeks great organizational effectiveness through enhancement of human

degree and growth........ a process through which stake hold ness in the organization –

management ,unions and employees learn how to work together better.... to determine for

themselves what actions ,changes and improvements are desirable and workable in order to

achieve the twin and simultaneously goal both the company and the unions.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

The success of any organization is highly dependent and how it attracts, recruits,

motivates and retain its work force. Today organization needs to be more flexible so that they

are equipped their work force and enjoy their commitment. Therefore organizations are

required to adopt a strategy to improve the employees ‘quality of work life’. To satisfy both

the organizational objectives and employees needs. One of the way to accomplishing QWL is

through job design. In which it is having some options for improving the job design.

Leave the job as is, but the employees more.

Mechanized and automate the routine jobs.

And the Area that organization development loves-re-design the job.

Where by adopting QWL there are two spectrums to follow job-enlargement and job-

enrichment. Where job enlargement are more variety of tasks and duties to the job in which

these tasks are performed by the employees. This can also be accomplished by job rotation

and job-enrichment on the other hand adds additional motivators where it adds depth to the

job more control, responsibility and discretion to how the job is performed. There are some

benefits by enriching jobs they are

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Growth of the individual.

And they have better job satisfaction.

Self actualization of the individual.

Better employee performance for the organization.

Organization gets intrinsically motivated employees.

Less absenteeism, turnover and grievances for the organization.

Full use of human resource for society.

QWL shows the effectiveness of the employees interpersonal communication skills,

career counseling

In which both organization and employees are benefited through this adoption of

quality of work life.

OBJECTIVES

These are the Objectives which I have been thought from the Company:

To understand core values of KESORAM with respect to HR.

To study about the Company History, Mission, Vision, and Objectives.

To understand HR Department.

To know what company contributing for the QWL.

To evaluate the effectiveness and understand the perception of employees towards the

QWL.

To suggest measures for further improvement of QWL.

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To gauge the effectiveness of QWL with respective employee’s satisfaction.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research:

Research is common refers to a search for knowledge we can also define research as a

scientific and systematic search for patent information on a specific topic

D. SLESINGER and M .STEPHENSON define research as the “manipulation of

things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend ,correct or verify

knowledge ,whether that the practice of an act”

Research methodology:

Research methodology is a way to systematically salve the research problem. The

steps adopted by the research to solve the research problem.

Research process:

Research process consists of series of actions or steps necessary to effectively carry out

research.

The various steps, which provide useful guideline regarding research process.

1. Formulating research problem

2. Extensive literature survey

3. Determining sample design

4. Collecting the data

5. Execution of the project

6. Analysis of the data

7. Interpretation & suggestion

8. Conclusion

9. Preparation of the report

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Nature of study

The study was totally a fact –finding study. The main aim of this is to identity and

evaluate the training and development program given to the employees working in

KESORAM Ltd. .

Study Area

The study has been conducted in KESORAM.

Sample Design

A sample design is definite plan determined before data was actually collected for

obtaining a sample from given population. In this study random sampling is used. This

sampling method involves purposive or deliberate selection of particular units of the

population for constituting a sample, which represents the population

Sample size :

The sample size taken for survey includes 100 employees. The sample takes into

consideration / constitutes all the managers and programmers in organization.

Collecting the data

In dealing with any problem it is often found that data at hand are inadequate, and

there fore it becomes necessary to collect data that are appropriate . These are several ways of

collecting the appropriate data , which defer considerably in context of time and other

resources . Here for the purpose of study two kinds of data has been used.

1. Primary data

2. Secondary data

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1. Primary Data

The primary data are those, which are collected afresh for the first time, and thus

happens to be original in character, with reference to this study, data is collected through.

A) Questionnaire

B) Interview method

A) Questionnaire Method

Data is gathered by distributing Questionnaire to managers and employees.

Questionnaire in prepared and pre tested before using it for data collection. Questionnaire is a

structured one consisting of questions, which are close, ended having fixed response pattern

with multiple answers.

b) Interview method

The study also includes obtaining information from knowledgeable persons. This

interview is an informal or unstructured one with competent and articulate individuals,

employees and professionals of the organization.

2 . Secondary data

The secondary data are those that are already available, i.e. they refer to the

data ,which have already been collected and analyzed by some one else. Secondary data is

gathered from the organization catalogues, journals and books.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF QUALITY OF WORK LIFE:

Quality of work life programs has become important in the work place for the

following reason

Increased woman in the work force

Increased male involvement in dependent care (child and elder)

Activities

Increased responsibility for elder

Increased demands at work

Loss of long term employment guarantees

The need for enhanced work place skills

Increased competition for the best student and talent for education and research

environment

Greater competition for talent.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study with the prime objectives of ascertaining the employees towards the

Quality of work life program, which are required to perform their jobs effectively. In

KESORAM. The studies include managers and employees.

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LIMITATIONS

1. Firstly the respondents were not available readily and the data were collected as per

the convenience of the respondents.

2. Secondly the sample of 100 respondents was given by the organization hence

appropriate sample technique were not applied for selecting the respondents.

3. Thirdly, time is also one of constraints. Duration of 45 days is not sufficient to cover

all the aspects of the study.

For the above limitation the study conducted may not give the true representation of

the entire organization.

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INDUSTRY PROFILE

In the most general sense of the word, a cement is a binder, a substance which

sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. The

word "cement" traces to the Romans, who used the term "opus

caementicium" to describe masonry which resembled concrete and was made

from crushed rock with burnt lime as binder. The volcanic ash and pulverized

brick additives which were added to the burnt lime to obtain a hydraulic binder

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were later referred to as cementum, cimentum, cäment and cement. Cements

used in construction are characterized as hydraulic or non-hydraulic.

The most important use of cement is the production of mortar and concrete—

the bonding of natural or artificial aggregates to form a strong building

material which is durable in the face of normal environmental effects.

Concrete should not be confused with cement because the term cement refers

only to the dry powder substance used to bind the aggregate materials of

concrete. Upon the addition of water and/or additives the cement mixture is

referred to as concrete, especially if aggregates have been added.

It is uncertain where it was first discovered that a combination of hydrated

non-hydraulic lime and a pozzolan produces a hydraulic mixture (see also:

Pozzolanic reaction), but concrete made from such mixtures was first used on a

large scale by Roman engineers.They used both natural pozzolans (trass or

pumice) and artificial pozzolans (ground brick or pottery) in these concretes.

Many excellent examples of structures made from these concretes are still

standing, notably the huge monolithic dome of the Pantheon in Rome and the

massive Baths of Caracalla. The vast system of Roman aqueducts also made

extensive use of hydraulic cement. The use of structural concrete disappeared

in medieval Europe, although weak pozzolanic concretes continued to be used

as a core fill in stone walls and columns.

Modern cement

Modern hydraulic cements began to be developed from the start of the

Industrial Revolution (around 1800), driven by three main needs:

Hydraulic renders for finishing brick buildings in wet climates

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Hydraulic mortars for masonry construction of harbor works etc, in

contact with sea water.

Development of strong concretes.

In Britain particularly, good quality building stone became ever more expensive

during a period of rapid growth, and it became a common practice to construct

prestige buildings from the new industrial bricks, and to finish them with a

stucco to imitate stone. Hydraulic limes were favored for this, but the need for

a fast set time encouraged the development of new cements. Most famous

was Parker's "Roman cement." This was developed by James Parker in the

1780s, and finally patented in 1796. It was, in fact, nothing like any material

used by the Romans, but was a "Natural cement" made by burning septaria -

nodules that are found in certain clay deposits, and that contain both clay

minerals and calcium carbonate. The burnt nodules were ground to a fine

powder. This product, made into a mortar with sand, set in 5–15 minutes. The

success of "Roman Cement" led other manufacturers to develop rival products

by burning artificial mixtures of clay and chalk.

John Smeaton made an important contribution to the development of cements

when he was planning the construction of the third Eddystone Lighthouse

(1755-9) in the English Channel. He needed a hydraulic mortar that would set

and develop some strength in the twelve hour period between successive high

tides. He performed an exhaustive market research on the available hydraulic

limes, visiting their production sites, and noted that the "hydraulicity" of the

lime was directly related to the clay content of the limestone from which it was

made. Smeaton was a civil engineer by profession, and took the idea no

further. Apparently unaware of Smeaton's work, the same principle was

identified by Louis Vicat in the first decade of the nineteenth century. Vicat

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went on to devise a method of combining chalk and clay into an intimate

mixture, and, burning this, produced an "artificial cement" in 1817. James

Frost,orking in Britain, produced what he called "British cement" in a similar

manner around the same time, but did not obtain a patent until 1822. In 1824,

Joseph Aspdin patented a similar material, which he called Portland cement,

because the render made from it was in color similar to the prestigious

Portland stone.

All the above products could not compete with lime/pozzolan concretes

because of fast-setting (giving insufficient time for placement) and low early

strengths (requiring a delay of many weeks before formwork could be

removed). Hydraulic limes, "natural" cements and "artificial" cements all rely

upon their belite content for strength development. Belite develops strength

slowly. Because they were burned at temperatures below 1250 °C, they

contained no alite, which is responsible for early strength in modern cements.

The first cement to consistently contain alite was made by Joseph Aspdin's son

William in the early 1840s. This was what we call today "modern" Portland

cement. Because of the air of mystery with which William Aspdin surrounded

his product, others (e.g. Vicat and I C Johnson) have claimed precedence in this

invention, but recent analysis of both his concrete and raw cement have

shown that William Aspdin's product made at Northfleet, Kent was a true alite-

based cement. However, Aspdin's methods were "rule-of-thumb": Vicat is

responsible for establishing the chemical basis of these cements, and Johnson

established the importance of sintering the mix in the kiln.

William Aspdin's innovation was counter-intuitive for manufacturers of

"artificial cements", because they required more lime in the mix (a problem for

his father), because they required a much higher kiln temperature (and

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therefore more fuel) and because the resulting clinker was very hard and

rapidly wore down the millstones which were the only available grinding

technology of the time. Manufacturing costs were therefore considerably

higher, but the product set reasonably slowly and developed strength quickly,

thus opening up a market for use in concrete. The use of concrete in

construction grew rapidly from 1850 onwards, and was soon the dominant use

for cements. Thus Portland cement began its predominant role. it is made from

water and sand

Types of modern cement

Portland cement

Cement is made by heating limestone (calcium carbonate), with small

quantities of other materials (such as clay) to 1450°C in a kiln, in a process

known as calcination, whereby a molecule of carbon dioxide is liberated from

the calcium carbonate to form calcium oxide, or lime, which is then blended

with the other materials that have been included in the mix . The resulting

hard substance, called 'clinker', is then ground with a small amount of gypsum

into a powder to make 'Ordinary Portland Cement', the most commonly used

type of cement (often referred to as OPC).

Portland cement is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar and most non-

speciality grout. The most common use for Portland cement is in the

production of concrete. Concrete is a composite material consisting of

aggregate (gravel and sand), cement, and water. As a construction material,

concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can

become a structural (load bearing) element. Portland cement may be gray or

white.

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Portland cement blends

These are often available as inter-ground mixtures from cement

manufacturers, but similar formulations are often also mixed from the ground

components at the concrete mixing plant.

Portland blastfurnace cement contains up to 70% ground granulated blast

furnace slag, with the rest Portland clinker and a little gypsum. All

compositions produce high ultimate strength, but as slag content is increased,

early strength is reduced, while sulfate resistance increases and heat evolution

diminishes. Used as an economic alternative to Portland sulfate-resisting and

low-heat cements.

Portland flyash cement contains up to 30% fly ash. The fly ash is pozzolanic, so

that ultimate strength is maintained. Because fly ash addition allows a lower

concrete water content, early strength can also be maintained. Where good

quality cheap fly ash is available, this can be an economic alternative to

ordinary Portland cement.

Portland pozzolan cement includes fly ash cement, since fly ash is a pozzolan,

but also includes cements made from other natural or artificial pozzolans. In

countries where volcanic ashes are available (e.g. Italy, Chile, Mexico, the

Philippines) these cements are often the most common form in use.

Portland silica fume cement. Addition of silica fume can yield exceptionally

high strengths, and cements containing 5-20% silica fume are occasionally

produced. However, silica fume is more usually added to Portland cement at

the concrete mixer.

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Masonry cements are used for preparing bricklaying mortars and stuccos, and

must not be used in concrete. They are usually complex proprietary

formulations containing Portland clinker and a number of other ingredients

that may include limestone, hydrated lime, air entrainers, retarders,

waterproofers and coloring agents. They are formulated to yield workable

mortars that allow rapid and consistent masonry work. Subtle variations of

Masonry cement in the US are Plastic Cements and Stucco Cements. These are

designed to produce controlled bond with masonry blocks.

Expansive cements contain, in addition to Portland clinker, expansive clinkers

(usually sulfoaluminate clinkers), and are designed to offset the effects of

drying shrinkage that is normally encountered with hydraulic cements. This

allows large floor slabs (up to 60 m square) to be prepared without contraction

joints.

White blended cements may be made using white clinker and white

supplementary materials such as high-purity metakaolin.

Colored cements are used for decorative purposes. In some standards, the

addition of pigments to produce "colored Portland cement" is allowed. In

other standards (e.g. ASTM), pigments are not allowed constituents of

Portland cement, and colored cements are sold as "blended hydraulic

cements".

Very finely ground cements are made from mixtures of cement with sand or

with slag or other pozzolan type minerals which are extremely finely ground

together. Such cements can have the same physical characteristics as normal

cement but with 50% less cement particularly due to their increased surface

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area for the chemical reaction. Even with intensive grinding they can use up to

50% less energy to fabricate than ordinary Portland cements.

Non-Portland hydraulic cements

Pozzolan-lime cements. Mixtures of ground pozzolan and lime are the

cements used by the Romans, and are to be found in Roman structures still

standing (e.g. the Pantheon in Rome). They develop strength slowly, but their

ultimate strength can be very high. The hydration products that produce

strength are essentially the same as those produced by Portland cement.

Slag-lime cements. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is not hydraulic on its

own, but is "activated" by addition of alkalis, most economically using lime.

They are similar to pozzolan lime cements in their properties. Only granulated

slag (i.e. water-quenched, glassy slag) is effective as a cement component.

Supersulfated cements. These contain about 80% ground granulated blast

furnace slag, 15% gypsum or anhydrite and a little Portland clinker or lime as

an activator. They produce strength by formation of ettringite, with strength

growth similar to a slow Portland cement. They exhibit good resistance to

aggressive agents, including sulfate.

Calcium aluminate cements are hydraulic cements made primarily from

limestone and bauxite. The active ingredients are monocalcium aluminate

CaAl2O4 (CaO · Al2O3 or CA in Cement chemist notation, CCN) and mayenite

Ca12Al14O33 (12 CaO · 7 Al2O3 , or C12A7 in CCN). Strength forms by hydration to

calcium aluminate hydrates. They are well-adapted for use in refractory (high-

temperature resistant) concretes, e.g. for furnace linings.

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Calcium sulfoaluminate cements are made from clinkers that include

ye'elimite (Ca4(AlO2)6SO4 or C4A3 in Cement chemist's notation) as a primary

phase. They are used in expansive cements, in ultra-high early strength

cements, and in "low-energy" cements. Hydration produces ettringite, and

specialized physical properties (such as expansion or rapid reaction) are

obtained by adjustment of the availability of calcium and sulfate ions. Their use

as a low-energy alternative to Portland cement has been pioneered in China,

where several million tonnes per year are produced.[12][13] Energy requirements

are lower because of the lower kiln temperatures required for reaction, and

the lower amount of limestone (which must be endothermically decarbonated)

in the mix. In addition, the lower limestone content and lower fuel

consumption leads to a CO2 emission around half that associated with Portland

clinker. However, SO2 emissions are usually significantly higher.

"Natural" Cements correspond to certain cements of the pre-Portland era,

produced by burning argillaceous limestones at moderate temperatures. The

level of clay components in the limestone (around 30-35%) is such that large

amounts of belite (the low-early strength, high-late strength mineral in

Portland cement) are formed without the formation of excessive amounts of

free lime. As with any natural material, such cements have highly variable

properties.

Geopolymer cements are made from mixtures of water-soluble alkali metal

silicates and aluminosilicate mineral powders such as fly ash and metakaolin.

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COMPANY PROFILE

Kesoram Cement Industry is one of the leading manufactures of cement

in India. It is a day process cement Plant. The plant capacity is 8.26 lakh tones

per annum It is located at Basanthnagar in Karimnagar district of Andhra

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Pradesh. Basanthnagar is 8 km away from the Ramagundram Railway station,

linking Madras to New Delhi. The Chairman of the Company is syt. B.K.Birla,

HISTORY :

The first unit at Basanthnagar with a capacity of 2.1 lakh tones per

annum incorporating humble suspension preheated system was commissioner

during the year 1969. The second unit was setup in year 1971 with a capacity

of 2.1 lakh tones per annum went on stream in the year 1978. The coal for this

company is being supplied from Singereni Colleries and the power is obtained

from APSEB. The power demand for the factory is about 21 MW. Kesoram has

got 2 DG sets of 4 MW each installed in the year 1987.

Kesoram Cement has setup a 15 KW captor power plant to facilitate for

uninterrupted power supply for manufacturing of cement at 24th august 1997

per hour 12 mw, actual power is 15 mw.

The Company was incorporated on 18th October, 1919 under the Indian

Companies Act, 1913, in the name and style of Kesoram Cotton Mills Ltd. It had

a Textile Mill at 42, Garden Reach Road, Calcutta 700 024. The name of the

Company was changed to Kesoram Industries & Cotton Mills Ltd. on 30th

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August, 1961 and the same was further changed to Kesoram Industries Limited

on 9th July, 1986. The said Textile Mill at Garden Reach Road was eventually

demerged into a separate company.

The First Plant for manufacturing of rayon yarn was established at Tribeni,

District Hooghly, West Bengal and the same was commissioned in December,

1959 and the second plant was commissioned in the year 1962 enabling it to

manufacture 4,635 metric tons per annum (mtpa) of rayon yarn. This Unit has

6,500 metric tons per annum (mtpa) capacity as on 31.3.2009.

The plant for manufacturing of transparent paper was also set up at the same

location at Tribeni, District Hooghly, West Bengal, in June, 1961. It has the

annual capacity to manufacture 3,600 metric tons per annum (mtpa) of

transparent Paper.

The Company diversified into manufacturing of cast iron spun pipes and pipe

fittings at Bansberia, District Hooghly, West Bengal, with a production capacity

of 45,000 metric tons per annum (mtpa) of cast iron spun pipes and pipe

fittings in December, 1964.

The Company subsequently diversified into the manufacturing of Cement and

in 1969 established its first cement plant under the name 'Kesoram Cement' at

Basantnagar, Dist. Karimnagar (Andhra Pradesh) and to take advantage of

favourable market conditions, in 1986 another cement plant, known as

'Vasavadatta Cement', was commissioned by it at Sedam, Dist.

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Gulbarga (Karnataka). The cement manufacturing capacities at both the plants

were augmented from time to time according to the market conditions and as

on 31.3.2009 Kesoram Cement and Vasavadatta Cement have annual cement

manufacturing capacities of 1.5 million metric tons and 4.1 million metric tons

respectively.

The Company in March 1992, commissioned a plant at Balasore known as Birla

Tyres in Orissa, for manufacturing of 10 lac MT p.a. automotive tyres and tubes

in the first phase in collaboration with Pirelli Ltd., U.K., a subsidiary company of

the world famous Pirelli Group of Italy - a pioneer in production and

development of automotive tyres in the world.

The capacity at the said plant was further augmented during the year by 19 MT

per day aggregating to 271 MT per day production facility. The Greenfield

Project of 257 MT per day capacity in the State of Uttarakhand with a capex of

about Rs.760 crores commenced the commercial production in phases during

the financial year 2008-09.The Company as on 31.3.2009 had the

manufacturing capacities of 3.71 million tyres, 2.95 million tubes and 1.53

million flaps per annum in the Plants including at Uttarakhand Plant.

It has small manufacturing capacities of various Chemicals at Kharda in the

State of West Bengal also. It has the annual manufacturing capacities of 12,410

mtpa of Caustic Soda Lye, 5,045 mtpa of Liquid Chlorine, 6,205 mtpa of Sodium

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Hypochlorite, 8,200 mtpa of Hydrochloric Acid, 3,200 mtpa of Ferric Alum,

18,700 mtpa of Sulphuric Acid and 1,620,000 m3pa of purified Hydrogen Gas.

The Company is a well-diversified entity in the fields of Cement, Tyre, Rayon

Yarn, Transparent Paper, Spun Pipes and Heavy Chemicals with two core

business segments i.e. Cement and Tyres.

In Spun Pipes & Foundries, a unit of the Company, work suspended from 2nd

May, 2008 still commences till further notice.

The Company as of now is listed on three major Stock Exchanges in India i.e.

Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd., Mumbai, Calcutta Stock Exchange Association

Ltd., Kolkata and National Stock Exchange of India Ltd., Mumbai and at the

Societe de la Bourse de Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

A further expansion upto 1.65 million tons of cement per annum in

Vasavadatta Cement at Sedam in Karnataka as unit IV at the same site is in

progress, with a 17.5 MW Captive Power Plant, involving a capital expenditure

of about Rs. 783.50 crores (including the cost of Captive Power Plant).

The commercial production of cement in the aforesaid unit IV has commenced

in June 2009.

The work for the further expansion in the Tyres Section at Uttarakhand for

radial tyres with 100 MT per day capacity and bias tyres with 125 MT per day

capacity involving an estimated aggregate capital outlay of about Rs. 840

crores is under progress. The Board has further approved a Motor Cycle Tyre

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Project of 70 MT per day capacity at the same site involving a capital outlay of

Rs.190 crore. The civil construction of both the Projects is in full swing. The

commercial production in both the Projects is likely to start by December

2009/ January 2010.

Birla Supreme in popular brand of Kesoram cement from its prestigious

plant of Basantnagar in AP which has outstanding track record. In performance

and productivity serving the nation for the last two and half decades. It has

proved its distinction by bagging several national awards. It also has the

distinction of achieving optimum capacity utilization.

Kesoram offers a choice of top quality portioned cement for light, heavy

constructions and allied applications. Quality is built every fact of the

operations.

The plant lay out is rational to begin with. The limestone is rich in

calcium carbonate a key factor that influence the quality of final product. The

day process technology uses in the latest computerized monitoring overseas

the manufacturing process. Samples are sent regularly to the bureau of Indian

standards. National council of construction and building material for

certification of derived quality norms.

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The company has vigorously undertaking different promotional measures for

promoting their product through different media, which includes the use of

news papers magazine, hoarding etc.

Kesoram cement industry distinguished itself among all the cement

factories in Indian by bagging the National Productivity Award consecutively

for two years i.e. for the year 1985-1987. The federation of Andhra Pradesh

Chamber & Commerce and Industries (FAPCCI) also conferred on Kesoram

Cement. An award for the best industrial promotion expansion efforts in the

state for the year 1984. Kesoram also bagged FAPCCI awarded for “Best Family

Planning Effort in the state” for the year 1987-1988.

One among the industrial giants in the country today, serving the nation

on the industrial front. Kesoram industry ltd., has a checked and eventful

history dating back to the twenties when the Industrial House of Birlas

acquired it. With only a textile mill under its banner 1924, it grew from

strength to strength and spread its activities to newer fields like Rayon,

Transparent paper, pipes, Refractors, tyres and other products.

Looking to the wide gap between the demand and supply of a vital

commodity cement, which play in important role in National building activity

the Government of India had de-licensed the cement industry in the year 1966

with a review to attract private entrepreneur to augment the cement

production. Kesoram rose to the occasions and divided to set up a few cement

plants in the country.

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Kesoram cement undertaking marketing activities extensively in the

state of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Maharashtra and

Gujarat. In A.P. sales Depts., are located in different areas like Karimnagar,

Warangal, Nizamabad, Vijayawada and Nellore. In other states it has opened

around 10 depots.

The market share of Kesoram Cement in AP is 7.05%. The market share

of the company in various states is shown as under.

STATES MARKET SHARE

Karnataka 4.09%

Tamilnadu 0.94%

Kerala 0.29%

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Maharashtra 2.81%

Process and Quality Control :

It has been the endeavor of Kesoram to incorporate the World’s latest

technology in the plant and today the plant has the most sophisticated.

X-ray analysis :

Fully computerized XRF and XRD X-RAY Analysers keep a constant round the clock vigil on quality.

Supreme performance :

One of the largest Cement Plants in Andhra Pradesh, the plant in corporate the latest technology in Cement - making.

It is professionally managed and well established Cement Manufacturing

Company enjoying the confidence of the consumers. Kesoram has outstanding

track record in performance and productivity with quite a few national and

state awards to its credit.

BIRLA SUPREME, the 43 Grade Cement, is a widely accepted and popular

brand in the market, commanding a premium.

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However to meet the specific demands of the consumer, Kesoram

bought out the 53 grade BIRLA SUPREME – GOLD, which has special qualities

like higher fineness, quick-setting, high compressive strength and durability.

Supreme Strength :

Kesoram Cement has huge captive Limestone Deposits, which make it

possible to feed high- grade limestone consistently, Its natural Grey colour is

anion- born ingredient and gives good shade.

Both the products offered by Kesoram, i.e. BIRLA SUPREME-43 Grade and BIRLA SUPREME-GOLD-53 Grade cement are outstanding with much higher compressive strength and durability. The following characteristics show their distinctive qualities.

Comprehensiv

e Strength

Opc 43

grls 8112

1989

Birla

Supreme 43

grade

Opc 43 gr

Is 1226987

Birla

Supreme

Gold 53 gr

3 days mpa Min. 23 31 + Min. 27 38+

7 days mpa Min. 23 42+ Min. 37 48+

29

28 days mpa Min. 43 50+ Min. 53 60+

D.C. SYSTEM :

Clinker making process is a key step in the overall cement making

process. In the case of BIRLA SUPREME/GOLD, the clinker-making process is

totally computer. control. The Distributed Control System (DCS) constantly

monitors the process and ensures operating efficiency. This eliminates

variation and ensures consistency in the quality of Clinker.

SUPREME PROCESS

Closed-Circuit Cement grinding process involving high efficiency separators manufactures BIRLA SUPREME. This ensures uniform and high quality in cement, which in turn contributes to its superior strength and optimum setting time.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

30

Ope 43

Is 8 112-89

Birla Supreme

43 grade

Ope 53 gr

Is 12269-87

Birla Supreme

Gold 53 grSetting time Min30 120-180 Min 30 130-170

a. Initial (mats) Max 600 180-240 Max 600 170-220

b. final (mats) Min 225 270-280 . Min 225 300-320

Fincncssm 2/Kg Max 10 1.0-2.0 Max 10 0.5-1.0

Soundness Max 0.8 0.04-0.08 Max 0.080. 0.04-0.2

a. le-chart (mm)b. autoclave (%)

SUPREME EXPERTISE :

The Best Technical Team, exclusive to Kesoram, mans the Plant and monitors the process, to blend the cement in just the required proportions, to make BIRLA SUPREME/GOLD OF Rock Strength.

18 MILLION TONES OF SOLID FOUNDATION :

Staying at the top for over a Quarter Century, Quarter Century is no less

an achievement. Infact. Kesoram is synonymous with for over 28 years.

Over the years, Kesoram has dispatched 18 million tones of cement to the

nook and corners of the country and joined hands in strengthening the Nation.

No one else in Andhra Pradesh has this distinction. The prestigious World Bank

aided Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Project of NTPC and Mannair Dam

of Pochampad project in AP arc a couple of projects for which Kesoram

Cement was exclusively uses: to cite an example.

31

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS :

Opc 43 gr

Is 81 132-989

Birla Supreme

43 grade

Ope 53 gr

Is 12269-

87

Birla Supreme

Gold 53 gr.Loss on inflection % Max 5 <1.6 Max 4.0 <1.5Insoluble residue % Max 2.0 <0.8 Max 2.0 < 0.6

Magnesium oxide % Max 6.0 < 1.3 Max 6.0 < 1.3Lime saturation factor

0.66-1.02 0.8-0.9 0.8-1.02 0.88-0.9

Alumna: iron ratio MinO.66 1.5-1.7 MinO.66 1.5-1.7

Sulfuric anhydride % Max 2.5/3 1.6-2.0 Max 2. 5/3 1.6-2.0

Alkalis Chlorides Max 0.05 Max 0.01 Max 0.05 Max 0.4

Kesoram Cement - advantages :

1. Helps in designing sleeker and more elegant.

Structures, giving greater flexibility in design concept.

1. Due to its fine quality, super fine construction can be achieved.

3. Its gives maximum strength at Minimum use of cement with water in the water cement ratio, especially the 53 grade Birlas supreme-gold.

Feathers in Kesoram's cap :

Kesoram has out standing track record, achieving over 100% capacity utilization I productivity

and energy conservation. It has proved its distinction by bagging several national and state

awards, noteworthy being.

32

NATIONAL :

1. National productivity award for 1985-86

2. National productivity award for 1986-87

3. National award for mines safety for 1985-86

4. National award for mines safety for 1986-87

5. National award for energy conservation 1989-90

STATE

1. A.P. State productivity award for 1988

2. State award for best industrial management 1988-89.

3. Best industrial productivity award of FAPCCI (federation of A.P. chamber

of commerce and industry), 1991

4. Best management award of the state Govt. 1993

5. FAPCCI award for the workers welfare, 1995-96.

33

I.S.O. 9002

All quality systems of Kesoram have been certified under I.S.O. 9002/1.S.

4002, which proves the worldwide acceptance of the products.

All quality systems in production and marketing of the product have been

certified by B.I.S. under ISO 9002/1S 14002.

The first unit was installed at basanthnagar with a capacity of 2.5 –lakhs

TPA (tones per annum) incorporating humble supervision, preheated system,

during the year 1969.

The second unit followed suit with added a capacity of 2 lakhs TPA in

1971.

The plant was further expanded to 9 lakhs by adding 2.5 lakhs tones in

august 1978, 1.13 lakhs tones in January 1981 and 0.87 lakhs tones in

September 1981.

Power:

Singarein collieries make the supply of coal for this industry and the

power was obtained from AP TRANSCO. The power demand for the factory is

34

about 21MW. Kesoram has got 2-diesel generator seats of 4 MW each

installed in the year 1987.

Kesoram cement now has a 15MWcaptive power plant to facilities

for uninterrupted power supply for manufacturing of cement.

Performance:

The performance of kersoram cement industry has been

outstanding achieving over cent percent capacity utilization all through

despite many odds like power cuts and which most 40% was wasted due to

wagon shortage etc.

The company being a continuous process industry works

round the clock and has excellent records of performance achieving over 1005

capacity utilization.

Kesoram has always combined technical progress with industrial

performance. The company had glorious track record for the last 27 years in

the industry.

Technology:

35

Kesoram cement uses most modern technology and the

computerized control in the plant. A team of dedicated and well- experienced

experts manages the plant.

The quality is maintained much above the bureau of Indian standards.

The raw materials used for manufacturing cement are:

Lime stone

Bauxite

Hematite

Gypsum

Environmental and Social Obligations:

For environmental promotion and to keep –up the

ecologicalbalancae,this section has planted over two lakhs trees .on social

obligation front ,this section has undertaken various social welfare programs

by adopting ten nearly villages, organizing family welfare campus, surgical

camps, animal health camps blood donation camps, children immunization

camps, seeds, training for farmers etc were arranged.

36

Welfare and Recreation Facilities:

For the purpose of recreation facilities 2 auditoriums were

provided for playing indoor games, cultural function and activities like drama,

music and dance etc.

The industry has provided libraries and reading rooms.

About 1000 books are available in the library. All kinds of newspaper,

magazines are made available.

Canteen is provided to cater to the needs of the employees for

supply of snacks, tea, coffee and meals etc.

One English medium and one Telugu medium school are provided

to meet the educational requirements.

The company has provided a dispensar with a qualified medical

office and paramedical staff for the benefit of the employees. The employees

covered under ESI scheme have to avail the medical facilities from the ESI

hospital.

37

Competitions in sports and games are conducted ever year for

august 15th Independence Day and January 26th, republic day among the

employees.

Electricity:

The power consumption per ton of cement has come down

to 108 units against 113 units last year, due to implementation of various

energy saving measures. The performance of captive power plant of this

section continues to be satisfactory. Total power generation during the year

was 84 million units last year. This captive power plant is a major role in

keeping power costs with in economic levels.

The management has introduced various HRD programs for

training and development and has taken various other measures for the

betterment of employee’s efficiency.

The section has installed adequate air pollution control

system and equipment and is ISO14001 such as Environment management

system is under implementation.

38

Awards:

Kesoram cement bagged many prestigious awards including

national awards for productivity, technology, conservation and several state

awards since 1984. The following are the some of important awards.

AWARDS OF KESORAM CEMENT:

No Year Awards

National/

state

1 1989-90 Management award community

Development

State

2 1991 Energy conservation may day award

of the Govt.

State

3 1991 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru rolling State

39

trophy for best

4 1993 National productivity effort indira

Gandhi national award

State

5 1994 Best management award State

6 1994-

1995

Best industrial rebellion award State

7 1995 Rural development by chief minister

Environment and mineral

conservation award

State

8 1995 Best industrial rebellion award State

9 1995-

1996

Best effort of an industrial unit to

development rural economy

shri.s.r.rungta award for social

National

10 1996 Awareness for best rural

development efforts

State

11 1999 Best workers welfare best family

welfare award

State

12 2001 First prize for mine environment

&pollution control for the 3rd year in

succession

State

13 2002 Vana mithra award from AP Govt State

14 2003 Company has got OHSAS-18001 State

40

15 2005 Certification from DNV, New Delhi. State

16 2006 Award for pollution control and

environmental protection FAPCCI

award for best rural development in

the state

State

Products of the organization:

41

42

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

1. Your organization provides opportunity for growth and security.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 46

Agree 50

Disagree 04

Strongly disagree 0

43

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees strongly agree that the KESORAM

provides opportunity for growth and security and some are disagree about this.

2. Pay and compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree18

Agree 52

Neutral 18

Strongly disagree 12

44

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree for the reason of their pay and

compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance and some are

disagree.

3. Medical facilities provided by the organization suites your health needs?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 38

Agree 46

disagree 14

Strongly disagree 0

45

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for the

reason of the medical facilities provided by the organization which suits their health needs,

and few are disagree.

4. Your job allows you to use your skills and abilities.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 22

Agree 62

Disagree 12

Strongly Disagree 0

46

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for using

their skills and abilities in their job.

5. Promotion policy of your organization ensures planned carrier growth.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Yes 42

No 40

Can’t say 18

47

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are satisfied the promotion policy by

the organization which ensures planed career growth. But most of the employees are un-

satisfied by this policy.

6. Training facilities of your organization enhance your skills competencies.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very true 28

Some what true 60

48

Not true 12

Not at all true 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are some what true about the training

facilities of KESORAM that enhance their skill competencies and some employees are very

true and not true.

7. How would you describe relations at your work place with your superiors?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very good 44

Good 52

49

Bad 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are good at describing relations at

their workplace with their superiors. And some employees are very good in maintaining their

relation.

8. Your relation with your peers and subordinates are harmonious.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very good 44

50

Good 40

Satisfactory 16

Bad 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are very good and some and least

employees are good and satisfactory in their relation with their peers and sub-ordinates are

harmonious.

9. Your organization provides a mechanism to express your views and grievances.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 16

Agree 48

51

Can’ say 18

disagree 18

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees strongly agree and some employees

agree that their organization provides a mechanism to express their views and grievances.

10. Do you normally work as part of a team or do you work mostly on your own?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Yes I work a part of team 70

No I work on my own 18

52

I work as an individual 12

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees work as a part of team and where

some employees work on their own and individual.

11. How often do you feel successful in your work?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

53

Often 64

Sometimes 26

Rarely 10

Never 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees often feel successful in their work but

some employees feel sometime successful in their work.

12. How often do you carry office work to your home as part of your job?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

54

Never 62

Few times in a year 20

Once in a month 18

Once in a week 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are never do carry office work to

their home as part of their job. And few employees do carry their work few times in a year

and least employees do carry their work once in a month

13. To what extent your organization provides scope for the employee’s Development?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

55

To great extent 18

To some extent 50

Satisfactory 20

Not satisfied 12

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees to some extent accepted that

KESORAM provides scope for the employee’s development and some are satisfactory.

14. There is no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at the

Workplace?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

56

Strongly agree 18

Agree 50

Neutral 22

Disagree 10

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree that there is

no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at workplace.

15. To what extent do you think that you are best suited for the job?

57

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

To great extent 50

To some extent 28

Satisfactory 22

Not satisfactory 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees to great extent they think that they are

best suited for the job and some employees to some extent and satisfactory.

16. Which techniques are used to improve your work life?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

58

By doing hard work 26

With patience 18

Understanding others 12

Balancing both personal work &official work 44

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are using the techniques to improve

their work life by balancing both personal work and official work and some employees by

doing hard work and some with patience and by understanding others.

17. How often do you go home in time?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Occasionally 38

59

Daily 44

Rarely 18

Never 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees often go home in time by

occasionally and some they go daily and some are rarely.

18. How often your official commitments obstruct your personal and family works.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

60

Always 12

Often 32

Rarely 46

Never 10

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are rarely obstruct their official

commitments in their personal and family works and some are often and always.

19. How often your personal works obstruct your official commitments?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

61

Always 12

Often 16

Rarely 44

Never 28

Interpretation;

The survey revealed that most of the employees are rarely obstructing their personal

work in their official commitments and never for some employees.

20. The suggestion scheme in your organization is.

62

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very Effective 20

Good 56

Ineffective 24

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that the suggestion scheme is good and very effective in

KESORAM.

63

21. Quality orders are instrumented improving quality in work?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly Agree 22

Agree 50

Neutral 16

Disagree 12

Interpretation :

64

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree for quality orders are

instrumented for improving quality in work and some are strongly agree.

22. Recognition & rewards are given based on employee performance.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 18

Agree 48

Neutral 16

Disagree 18

Interpretation;

65

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for

recognition and rewards are given based on employee performance but some are disagree.

23. Are you able to balance your personal requirements without affecting your job

Requirements?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Always 46

Often 36

Rarely 18

Never 0

Interpretation;

The survey revealed that most of the employees are always and often able to balance

their personal requirements without effecting their job requirements.

66

24. How often social gatherings in departmental meetings are conducted in your

Department.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Once in a year 32

Quarterly once 38

Monthly once 10

Never 20

Interpretation :

67

The survey revealed that social gatherings and departmental meetings are conducting

less in KESORAM i.e. by quarterly once and yearly once.

SUGGESTIONS

The topic selected is quality of work life. The significance of selecting the topic

relates to its importance in the study to make the employees more efficient, so that

organizational goal can be achieved through personal development the study deals with the

particular view point on the quality of work life and analysis of their view point on the

training program. Many of the respondents agree and has adequate facilities fully equipped

with required teaching aids and congenial climate.

Most of the employees attended the Quality of work life program to gain knowledge

on their self interest but some of the respondents gave their suggestions so that the program

can be more effective

Some of the suggestions are as follows :

1. Work should be distributed among employees uniformly.

2. Job rotation.

3. Objective appraise

4. Transparent in communication both ways (Top level to Low Level vise versa)

5. more motivational classes on the attitudinal of the employee towards a job

6. man power system needs to be more effective

7. more social get together should be planed by official to meet the family member of

the employees

8. suggestion schemes should improve in the organization so that employees will be

effective towards work

68

CONCLUSIONS

After conducting an intense study on quality of work life in KESORAM Ltd, the following

conclusions are derived.

Organization should focus on the benefit that are aimed to words self improvement of the

employees.

Organization need to maintain the appropriate balance of work.

Opportunity for career growth should improve.

Benefits provided by the organization are very good to satisfy the employee personal needs.

Teamwork in the organization is very good.

Organization should focus on the training sessions in order to motivate the employees.

Organization need to provide scope for the employee development.

There is no discrimination at work place.

The relationship with superior at workplace is good.

On the whole the quality of work life good.

ANNEXURE

69

1. Your organization provides opportunity for growth and security ?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree

(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

2. Pay and compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance ?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree

(c) Neutral (d) Disagree (e) Strong disagree.

3. Medical facilities provided by the organization suits your health needs?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree

(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

4. Your job allows you to use your abilities?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree

(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

5. Promotion policy of your organization ensures planned carrier growth?

(a)Yes (b) No (c) Cant say

6. Training facilities of your organization enhance your skills competencies?

(a) Very true (b) Some what true (c) Not true (d) Not at all true

7. How would you describe relations at your work place with your superiors?

(a) Very good (b) Good (c) Bad

8. Your relationship with your peers and subordinates are harmonious?

(a) Very good (b) Good (c) Satisfactory (d) Bad

70

9. Your organization provides a mechanism to express your views and grievances?

(a) Strongly Agree (b) Agree

(c) Cant say (d) Disagree (e) Strongly disagree.

10. Do you normally work as part of a team or do you work mostly on your own?

(a) Yes I work a part of team (b) No, I work on my own

(c) I work as an individual

11. How often do you feel successful in your work?

(a) Often (b) Sometimes

(c) Rarely (d) Never.

12. How often do you carry office work to your home as part of your job?

(a) Never (b) Few times in a year

(c) Once in a month (d) Once in a week

(e) More than once in week.

13. To what extent your organization provides scope for the employees development?

(a) To great extent (b) To some extent

(c) Satisfactory (d) Not satisfied.

14. There is no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at the work

place?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree.

15. To what extent do you think that you are best suited for the job?

(a) To great extent (b) To some extent

(c) Satisfactory (d) Not satisfactory.

71

16. Which techniques are used to improve your work life?

(a) By doing hard work (b) With patience

(c) Understanding others (d) Balancing both work &official work.

17. How often do you go home in time?

(a) Occasionally (b) Daily (c) Rarely (d) Never

18. How often your official commitments obstruct your personal and family works?

(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never.

19. How often your personal work obstruct your official commitments?

(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never

20. The suggestion scheme in your organization is?

(a) Very effective (b) Good (c) In effective.

21. Quality orders are instrumented improving quality in work?

(a) Strongly agree (b)Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree.

22. Recognition and rewards are given based on employee performance?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree

72

23. Are you able to balance your personal requirements without affecting your job

requirements?

(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never

24. How often social gatherings & departmental meetings are conducted in your

department?

(a) once in a year (b) quarterly once (c)monthly once (d)disagree

BIBILIOGRAPHY

The Democratic Corporation -

by William O. Gimes.

Managing Human Resource -

by Wayne F .Cacao.

Democracy at Work -

(international series on the Quality of life)

by F.emry &E.Thorsurd

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Company Profile - www. kesoram.com

www.idianhr qualitycheek.com

www.hrindia.com

74