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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY PROVISION IN CROSS-BORDER HIGHER EDUCATION Stamenka Uvalic-Trumbic (UNESCO Division of Higher Education)
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

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Page 1: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

QUALITY ASSURANCE IN

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE)

From words to action

Bologna seminar

ENQA/QAA, UK

London, 1-2 December 2008

THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY PROVISION IN CROSS-BORDER

HIGHER EDUCATION

Stamenka Uvalic-Trumbic

(UNESCO Division of Higher Education)

Page 2: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Why UNESCO?GLOBAL OUTREACH THROUGH:

Standard-Setting : UNESCO Conventions for the Recognition of Degrees in Higher Education; 2005 Guidelines for Quality Provision in CBHE

Capacity-Building: UNESCO Global Forum on QA, Accreditation and the

Recognition of Qualification (2002; 2004; 2007) UNESCO-World Bank Global Initiative GIQAC

Clearinghouse Study Abroad Portal on HEIs Effective International Practices for Degree Mills

Page 3: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Guidelines for quality provision in cross-border higher education

UNESCO and OECD

Page 4: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.
Page 5: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

WHY THE GUIDELINES?

Growth of cross-border higher education: distance education, franchises, branch campuses;

GATS and Higher Education

Need to provide an EDUCATIONAL response to maximize opportunities, minimize risks

Page 6: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

The Issues

Is cross-border higher education the answer to expanding access to HE in the developing world?

New challenges: equity, quality, relevance

Page 7: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY IN CROSS-BORDER HIGHER EDUCATION

The Process

Drafting group: 3 meetings 2004-2005 Multiple stakeholder input: 94 governments,

quality assurance agencies, recognition and student bodies, institutions, NGOs

Written consultations Political support : OECD – UNESCO Launch end 2005 Report back 2007

Recommendations to 6 Stakeholders:•Governments•Higher Ed. Institutions•Students Bodies•QAA Bodies•Academic Rec. Bodies•Professional Bodies;

Page 8: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

The scope of the Guidelines

Voluntary and non-binding BUT

Stamp of two IGOs: UNESCO and the OECD

Addressing Governments but recognizing the role of NGOs and Student Organizations.

Page 9: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY IN CROSS-BORDER HIGHER EDUCATION

The Principles

Responsibility for partnerships, sharing, dialogue, mutual trust and respect between sending and receiving countries

Recognition of national authority and of the diversity of systems

Recognition of importance of international collaboration and exchange, internally, externally

Access to transparent and reliable information

Recommendations to 6 Stakeholders:•Governments•Higher Ed. Institutions•Students Bodies•QAA Bodies•Academic Rec. Bodies•Professional Bodies;

Page 10: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

GUIDELINES: MAIN UNDERLYING MESSAGES

The quality of cross-border higher education is a shared responsibility between importing and exporting countries

Quality assurance should cover cross-border education in all its forms (student, academic, programme and institution mobility)

Stakeholders should collaborate internationally to enhance the transparency about the quality of HE and about HE systems

Cross-border delivery should have the same quality as home delivery

Recommendations to 6 Stakeholders:•Governments•Higher Ed. Institutions•Students Bodies•QAA Bodies•Academic Rec. Bodies•Professional Bodies;

Page 11: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

GUIDELINES: MAIN IMPLICATIONS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE

Quality assurance and Recognition have a comprehensive quality assurance system,

internal or external have fair mechanisms for recognition of

qualifications

Transparency and accessibility of information be transparent about what you do and make the

relevant information accessible internationally

Collaboration Strengthen your collaboration with other

stakeholders nationally, regionally and internationally

Recommendations to 6 Stakeholders:•Governments•Higher Ed. Institutions•Students Bodies•QAA Bodies•Academic Rec. Bodies•Professional Bodies;

Page 12: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Governments

Establish a comprehensive, fair and transparent system of registration or licensing for cross-border higher education (CBHE)

Coordinate among the various competent bodies for quality assurance and accreditation both nationally and internationally

UNESCO

regional conventions as instruments

Page 13: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Higher education Institutions

Comparable quality of programme delivered taking into account cultural and linguistic specificities;

Quality teaching and research possible if quality of teaching staff and conditions of work;

Transparency of financial status of institution/programme delivered

UNESCO regional conventions as instruments

Page 14: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

QA and Recognition Bodies

Quality Assurance Bodies: Ensure arrangements include cross-border

education provision Strengthen the collaboration between bodies of

the sending country and the receiving country

Recognition Bodies Fair recognition of academic qualifications, Clear accurate and accessible information on the

criteria for assessment of qualifications Information on professional recognition to those

with a foreign qualification and to employers

UNESCO regional conventions as instruments

Page 15: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Professional and Student Bodies

Student bodies Active partners in developing and

monitoring quality Awareness raising – potential risks –

questions

Professional Bodies Contacts, accessible information, mutual

recognition agreements for the professions

UNESCO regional conventions as instruments

Page 16: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Capacity Building – Some Existing Tools

Page 17: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Capacity building: Guide to GATS The Guide:

Provides basic information on principles and rules of GATS;

Discusses major issues related to the HE sector in the context of the application of new multilateral trade rules;

Analyses challenges government officials and academic leaders face related to regulation of CBHE in a trade environment

Page 18: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

http://www.unesco.org/education/portal/hed-institutions

Participating Countries

[Pilot Phase]•Argentina•Australia, •Canada, •China, •Egypt, •Jamaica, •Japan, •Kenya, •Malaysia, •Nigeria, •Norway, •Switzerland, •United Kingdom, •United States

UNESCO Portal on Higher Education Instutitions

- Launched 30 April 2008 -

Page 19: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

What is the Portal on Higher Education Institutions?

This Portal is a follow up to the UNESCO/OECD Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-border Higher Education.

It targets students, employers, and other interested parties (e.g. credential evaluators).

It aims to provide students, employers and other interested parties with access to authoritive and up-to-date information on the status of HEIs and QA in participating countries.

Page 20: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Country Information on the Portal

1. Institutions recognized by competent authorities

2. Higher education programmes recognized by competent authorities

3. Information for students planning to study in the country

4. Information on the higher education system

5. Foreign credential assessment and recognition

6. Information on financial assistance opportunities

7. Cross-border higher education

8. National Information Centre

9. Other information sources

10. Definition of key terms

Page 21: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

BEWARE

DEGREE MILLS & BOGUS COLLEGES

Page 22: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Bogus Institutions misusing UNESCO’s name All levels of abuse and use. The claims may range from

100% false to not quite untrue

A multitude of modes: all modes are about establishing a false connection or

emphasizing a real link with UNESCO to give the impression of being an internationally recognized provider of higher education

One institution may use 1-3 different modes

Institutions change rapidly

ACADEMIC FRAUD

Page 23: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

For telephone or postal verification accreditation, you may contact:

 UNESCO Division of Higher Education

- Tel: (+33.1) 45681106

Page 24: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Direct links to UNESCO

&World Health Org

EAA and its accredited institutions accept and adopt"The Recommendations of the World Conference on

Higher Education, sponsored by UNESCO", and the applicable sections of the "UNESCO Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-Border Higher Education"

Support for UNESCOs framework

Links to UNESCO

Page 25: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Degree Mills/Bogus Institutions

UNESCO and the Council on Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) are developing suggestions for international effective practice on degree mills

UNESCO and COL alerting the developing countries to the threat of degree mills

The UNESCO Portal one of the responses

Page 26: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

A new capacity-building initiative: GIQAC

A UNESCO-WB partnership to support capacity-building in developing and transition countries

Launched in January 2008 for a 3-year period

Participants 2008: regional QA networks from Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America/Caribbean and the international QA network INQAAHE

Page 27: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Guidelines: What Next?

Giacometti sculpture – UNESCO Paris

Page 28: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Guidelines: what next?

Report on implementation UNESCO 2007:

Issues even more relevant than in 2005

Little awareness of their existence

MORE ADVOCACY with all stakeholders, especially HEIs

Page 29: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

The London Communiqué:Bologna Going Global

“We adopt the strategy "The European Higher Education Area in a Global Setting" and will take forward work in the core policy areas:

improving information on, and promoting the attractiveness and competitiveness of the EHEA;

strengthening cooperation based on partnership; intensifying policy dialogue;

and improving recognition.

This work ought to be seen in relation to the OECD/UNESCO Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-border Higher Education”

Page 30: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

COMING TOGETHER2009 World Conference (Paris, 6-8 July) :

“The New Dynamics of Higher Education”

Is higher education today a driver for sustainable development in the national and international context?

Does it induce change and progress in society and to act as one of the key factors for building knowledge-based societies?

What are the most significant trends that will shape the new

higher education and research spaces? How are learners and learning changing? What are the new challenges for “quality”

Panel: Revitalizing Higher Education in Africa

Page 31: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

2009 World Conference : Regional Events

Cartagena de Los Indias (Colombia) (June 2008)

Budva, Montenegro (sub-regional): jointly with Science Sector/BRESCE (July 2008)

London, UK: VCs event at eve of PCF5 (July 2008)

Macao, China (September 2008) New Delhi, India (1st trimester 2009) Beirut, Lebanon (1st trimester 2009) Bucharest, Romania (May 2009)

Page 32: QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION (TNE) From words to action Bologna seminar ENQA/QAA, UK London, 1-2 December 2008 THE UNESCO/OECD GUIDELINES.

Thank you

[email protected]

www.unesco.org/education/higher_education/quality