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Psychoanalytic &Defense Mechanism

Apr 08, 2018

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    AWARENESS

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    Awareness is defined as the

    reflection to the real world and it is

    involved with the mental process

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    Basically,

    There are certain theories to

    explain

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    PSYCHOANALYTIC

    APPROACH

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    Sigmund Freud (1856 1939)

    He was born in Freiberg,

    Czechoslovakia

    He followed his family to move to

    Vienna, Austria

    At beginning, he was a neurologist,

    but suddenly he was involved withpsychology when he found that

    hysteric symptom is related to the soul

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    CONSCIOUSS,

    SUB-CONSCIOUS,

    UNCONSCIOUS

    MIND

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    Freud assumed that the mind is

    divided into three parts.

    i. id

    ii. ego

    iii. superego

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    PERSONALITY

    STRUCTURE THE ID

    The id is the only component of

    personality that is present from birth.This aspect of personality is entirely

    unconscious and includes of the

    instinctive and primitive behaviors.

    According to Freud, the id is the

    source of all psychic energy, making it

    the primary component of personality.

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    The id is driven by the pleasure

    principle, which strives for immediategratification of all desires, wants, andneeds. If these needs are not satisfiedimmediately, the result is a state

    anxiety or tension. For example, anincrease in hunger or thirst shouldproduce an immediate attempt to eator drink. The id is very important early

    in life, because it ensures that aninfant's needs are met.

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    THE SUPER EGO

    The superego is the aspect of

    personality that holds all of our

    internalized moral standards andideals that we acquire from both

    parents and society--our sense of

    right and wrong. The superego

    provides guidelines for making

    judgments.

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    EGO

    The ego is the component of

    personality that is responsible for

    dealing with reality. According toFreud, the ego develops from the id

    and ensures that the impulses of the

    id can be expressed in a manner

    acceptable in the real world.

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    The ego operates based on the reality

    principle, which strives to satisfy the

    id's desires in realistic and sociallyappropriate ways.

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    MAJOR DEFENSE

    MECHANISM A defense mechanism is a tactic developed by

    the ego to protect against anxiety. Defensemechanisms are thought to safeguard the

    mind against feelings and thoughts that aretoo difficult for the conscious mind to copewith. In some instances, defense mechanismsare thought to keep inappropriate or

    unwanted thoughts and impulses fromentering the conscious mind.

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    REPRESSION

    The unconscious purpose ofrepression operates in aperson who is not able torecall a threatening situationor may completely forgetthat an abusive person everwas a part of his/her life.

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    DENIAL

    Denial is characterized by havinga conscious awareness at somelevel, but simply denies the reality

    of the experience by pretendingit is not there.

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    REGRESSION

    Regression involves amovement back in

    developmental time towhen a person felt safe andsecure. Often, that ischildhood.

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    REGRESSION

    Regression involves amovement back in

    developmental time towhen a person felt safe andsecure. Often, that ischildhood.

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    PROJECTION

    Projection is attributing yourown unacceptable impulses to

    someone else. The impulsesare still judged unacceptablebut they belong to someoneelse, not you.

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    DISPLACEMENT

    Displacement involves takingout our frustrations, feelings,

    and impulses on people orobjects that are lessthreatening. Displacedaggression is a commonexample of this defensemechanism.

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    REACTION FORMATION

    reduces anxiety by taking up theopposite feeling, impulse, or behavior.An example of reaction formation

    would be treating someone youstrongly dislike in an excessively friendlymanner in order to hide your truefeelings. According to Freud, they areusing reaction formation as a defensemechanism to hide their true feelingsby behaving in the exact oppositemanner.

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    SUBLIMATION

    Sublimation is a defense mechanismthat allows us to act out unacceptable

    impulses by converting these behaviorsinto a more acceptable form. Forexample, a person experiencingextreme anger might take up paintingas a means of venting frustration. Freudbelieved that sublimation was a sign ofmaturity that allows people to functionnormally in socially acceptable ways.

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    JOHARI WINDOW

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    The Johari Window, named

    after the first names of its

    inventors, Joseph Luft andHarry Ingham, is one of the

    most useful models describing

    the process of human

    interaction.

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    JOHARI WINDOW

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    OPEN

    The "open" quadrant represents things that both I know

    about myself, and that you know about me. For example,

    I know my name, and so do you, and if you have

    explored some of my website, you know some of my

    interests. When I first meet a new person, the size of the

    opening of this first quadrant is not very large, since

    there has been little time to exchange information. As the

    process of getting to know one another continues, thewindow shades move down or to the right, placing more

    information into the open window, as described below.

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    BLIND

    The "blind" quadrant represents things that you know

    about me, but that I am unaware of. So, for example, we

    could be eating at a restaurant, and I may have

    unknowingly gotten some food on my face. Thisinformation is in my blind quadrant because you can see

    it, but I cannot. If you now tell me that I have something

    on my face, then the window shade moves to the right,

    enlarging the open quadrant's area. For example,

    perhaps in our ongoing conversation, you may noticethat eye contact seems to be lacking. You may not say

    anything, since you may not want to embarrass me, or

    you may draw your own inferences that perhaps I am

    being insincere.

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    HIDDEN

    The "hidden" quadrant represents things that I know

    about myself, that you do not know. So for example, I

    have not told you, nor mentioned anywhere on my

    website, what one of my favorite ice cream flavors is.

    This information is in my "hidden" quadrant. As we get to

    know and trust each other, I will then feel more

    comfortable disclosing more intimate details about

    myself. This process is called: "Self-disclosure."

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    UNKNOWN

    The "unknown" quadrant represents things that neither I

    know about myself, nor you know about me. For

    example, I may disclose a dream that I had, and as we

    both attempt to understand its significance, a new

    awareness may emerge, known to neither of us before

    the conversation took place. Usually, I am terrified of

    speaking in public, but I was surprised to learn that in

    such an atmosphere, the task need not be so daunting.Prior to this event, I had viewed myself and others had

    also viewed me as being extremely shy. Thus, a novel

    situation can trigger new awareness and personal

    growth.