PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR OWNERS GROUP Global Expertise • One Voice Westinghouse Non‐Proprietary Class 3 © 2016 Westinghouse Electric Company LLC All Rights Reserved PWR RPV Nozzle Appendix G Margins January 19, 2016 Chris Koehler/Heather Malikowski, PWROG MSC Chair Brian Hall/Justin Webb – Westinghouse
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PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D
WA
TE
R
RE
AC
TO
R
OW
NE
RS
G
RO
UP
Globa
l Exp
ertise •One
Voice
Westin
ghou
se Non
‐Proprietary Class 3
© 201
6 Westin
ghou
se Electric
Com
pany LLC
All Rights R
eserved
PW
R R
PV
Noz
zle
App
endi
x G
Mar
gins
Janu
ary
19, 2
016
Chr
is K
oehl
er/H
eath
er M
alik
owsk
i, P
WR
OG
MS
C C
hair
Bria
n H
all/J
ustin
Web
b –
Wes
tingh
ouse
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
•M
ultip
leR
AIs
have
been
issu
edto
vario
uslic
ense
esw
ithre
gard
sto
cons
ider
atio
nof
the
reac
torv
esse
lnoz
zle
corn
erin
P/T
curv
es•
Res
pond
ing
toR
AIs
indi
vidu
ally
has
been
cost
lyfo
rutil
ities
•R
IS20
14-1
1st
ates
:–
“All
addr
esse
essh
ould
ensu
reth
atP
-Tlim
itssu
ffici
ently
addr
ess
allf
errit
icm
ater
ials
ofth
ere
acto
rve
ssel
,in
clud
ing
the
impa
ctof
stru
ctur
aldi
scon
tinui
ties,
and
addr
ess
the
impa
ctof
neut
ron
fluen
ceac
cum
ulat
ion
inac
cord
ance
with
the
requ
irem
ents
of10
CFR
Par
t50,
App
endi
xG
.”•
Rec
ent
appr
oach
toad
dres
sing
RA
Isha
sus
edth
eve
ryco
nser
vativ
e1/
4Tno
zzle
flaw
–A
llno
zzle
P-T
curv
eR
AIr
espo
nses
toda
teha
vesh
own
that
exis
ting
beltl
ine
plan
tP/T
curv
esbo
und
the
nozz
lecu
rves
•S
eabr
ook,
Far
ley
Uni
ts 1
and
2, I
ndia
n P
oint
Uni
ts 2
and
3, P
oint
Bea
ch U
nits
1 a
nd 2
, Cat
awba
Uni
t 1,
and
McG
uire
Uni
ts 1
and
2
–B
&W
Pla
ntD
esig
nsha
vehi
stor
ical
lyal
way
sco
nsid
ered
post
ulat
ion
of1/
4Tor
3-in
chno
zzle
corn
erfla
ws
inth
ede
velo
pmen
toft
hepl
antP
/Tcu
rves
Bac
kgro
und
2
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
•Id
entif
y th
e m
agni
tude
of t
he v
ario
us A
SM
E A
ppen
dix
G
mar
gins
rela
ted
to a
sses
smen
t of t
he P
WR
inle
t/out
let
nozz
les
•D
evel
op a
bas
is fo
r gen
eric
ally
add
ress
ing
nozz
les
supp
ortin
g P
-T c
urve
sub
mitt
als
•Ju
stify
the
use
of th
e R
PV
bel
tline
& fl
ange
regi
on a
s th
e lim
iting
regi
on to
be
used
for P
-T c
urve
s th
ereb
y de
mon
stra
ting
that
cur
rent
app
rove
d m
etho
dolo
gies
co
mpl
y w
ith A
ppen
dix
G
Pur
pose
3
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
•D
ocum
ent t
he fo
llow
ing
cons
erva
tism
s fo
r the
P
WR
inle
t/out
let n
ozzl
es–
Est
ablis
h ac
cept
able
sm
alle
r pos
tula
ted
flaw
s co
nsis
tent
with
ND
E d
etec
tion
capa
bilit
ies
•A
sses
sed
usin
g 3D
Fin
ite E
lem
ent A
naly
sis
–G
ener
ic n
ear s
urfa
ce a
ltern
ate
RT N
DT
(RTT
0)–
App
rove
d C
ode
Cas
e N
-629
»
Now
inco
rpor
ated
into
A
SM
E S
ectio
n X
I App
endi
ces
A an
d G
–Av
oids
BTP
5-3
unc
erta
intie
s
–C
onsi
dera
tion
of n
ozzl
e co
rner
em
britt
lem
ent
–C
onst
rain
t con
ditio
n
App
roac
h
4
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
s
–N
ozzl
e co
rner
regi
on h
as b
een
exam
ined
at
vario
us ti
mes
•
Man
ufac
turin
g pr
oces
s•
Pre
-ser
vice
insp
ectio
n•
In-s
ervi
ce in
spec
tions
(IS
I)
–Sm
all f
law
s ar
e de
tect
able
with
hig
h pr
obab
ility
via
PD
I qua
lifie
d IS
I met
hods
–N
o in
dica
tions
hav
e be
en fo
und
in o
ver
2000
reac
tor y
ears
in n
ozzl
e ID
exa
ms
–A
SM
E S
ectio
n X
I App
endi
x G
allo
ws
use
of
smal
ler p
ostu
late
d fla
ws
in re
gion
s of
di
scon
tinui
ty–
Sim
ilarly
the
BW
RVI
P co
nclu
ded
the
sam
e in
BW
RVI
P-1
08N
P:
•th
e pr
obab
ility
of d
etec
ting
and
sizi
ng fl
aws
equa
l to
and
grea
ter t
han
0.25
inch
es in
dep
th, l
ocat
ed a
t the
in
side
sur
face
and
the
clad
-to-b
ase
met
al in
terfa
ce,
is e
xcel
lent
.5
•It
is n
ot n
eces
sary
to p
ostu
late
larg
e fla
ws
(1/4
T is
~ 4
inch
es d
eep)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
00.
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
7
PROBABILITY
TRU
E S
IZE
(IN
CH
)
PR
OB
AB
ILIT
Y O
F C
OR
RE
CT
RE
JEC
TIO
NS
IZIN
G ,
Std
. Dev
. = 0
.12
AC
CE
PTA
BLE
FLA
W S
IZE
0.1
5
Bamford, W
.H., et al, “Techn
ical Basis for E
limination of Reactor
Vessel Nozzle
Inne
r Radius Inspe
ctions”, Proceed
ings of A
SME
PVP Co
nferen
ce, 2001
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
s
6
•In
let a
nd O
utle
t Geo
met
ry•
Two
aspe
ct r
atio
s •
Cir
cula
r (a
/L=1
/2)
•E
llips
e (a
/L =
1/6
)•
Two
flaw
dep
ths m
odel
ed:
•0.
5” in
to lo
w a
lloy
stee
l (N
DE
det
ecta
ble)
•Sm
alle
r fla
w w
hich
ex
tend
s sm
all a
mou
nt
into
low
allo
y st
eel
•H
igh
stre
ss d
ue to
cl
ad-lo
w a
lloy
stee
l di
ffer
entia
l the
rmal
ex
pans
ion
coef
ficie
nt a
nd
resi
dual
stre
ss
Flaw
s Mod
eled
thro
ugh
Cla
ddin
g in
to B
ase
Met
al
Note: Outlet sho
wn as example
Clad
ding
Bo
unda
ry
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
•G
ener
ic R
TT0
Valu
e D
eter
min
atio
n–
Mas
ter C
urve
refe
renc
e te
mpe
ratu
re d
ata
gath
ered
on
the
follo
win
g eq
uiva
lent
gra
des
at 1
/4T
loca
tion:
•S
A-5
08 C
lass
2 (a
lso
AS
TM A
-508
Cla
ss 2
)•
22N
iMoC
r37
whi
ch is
a D
IN c
ompa
rabl
e•
SFV
Q2A
whi
ch is
Jap
anes
e eq
uiva
lent
–R
esul
ts s
umm
ary
(22
dist
inct
A-5
08 C
l. 2
type
forg
ings
)•
Alte
rnat
e ge
neric
mea
n R
T ND
T=
RTT
0=
-66°
F•
Mar
gin
= 2 σ I
= 10
9°F
•AR
T =
43°F
(with
no
embr
ittle
men
t)
Gen
eric
RTT
0
7
–Th
is is
bet
ter t
han
the
gene
rally
acc
epte
d up
per b
ound
RT N
DT
of 6
0°F
–Av
oids
the
use
of B
TP 5
-3 o
r GE
pro
cedu
re
whi
ch w
ould
be
nece
ssar
y fo
r man
y no
zzle
s–
True
mea
sure
of f
ract
ure
toug
hnes
s tra
nsiti
on te
mpe
ratu
re–
Sign
ifica
nt m
argi
n be
twee
n R
TT0
and
RT N
DT
in a
ll ca
ses
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
Tou
ghne
ss
•S
mal
l fla
w e
nabl
es u
se o
f nea
r sur
face
to
ughn
ess
data
•N
B-2
223.
2 Fo
r thi
ck a
nd c
ompl
ex fo
rgin
gs:
spec
imen
s m
ay b
e ta
ken
as c
lose
as
¾”
(19m
m) t
o an
y he
at tr
eate
d su
rface
•S
urfa
ce p
rope
rties
are
bet
ter d
ue to
fa
ster
coo
ling
rate
dur
ing
quen
chin
g–
Pro
duce
s a
finer
mic
rost
ruct
ure,
sm
alle
r ca
rbid
e ph
ases
, red
uced
leng
th o
f lin
ear
phas
e bo
unda
ries,
and
som
e te
mpe
red
mar
tens
ite–
Res
ults
in b
ette
r Cha
rpy
prop
ertie
s an
d fra
ctur
e to
ughn
ess
8
PWR Outlet
Nozzle
Forging ‐
LT orie
ntation
Near
Surface
1/4T
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
To
ughn
ess
LTTL
Num
ber o
f Data Sets
247
Average Shift (°F)
36.5
47.5
Stan
dard Deviatio
n (°F)
28.9
21.7
9
Transition Tempe
rature Shifts for
LT (tangent) Spe
cimen
s
Transition Tempe
rature Shifts
for T
L (axial) Spe
cimen
s
•N
ear s
urfa
ce to
ughn
ess
in re
gion
of p
ostu
late
d ½
in
ch d
eep
flaw
are
on
aver
age
sign
ifica
ntly
be
tter
•Th
e m
ore
cons
erva
tive
orie
ntat
ion
data
(LT)
is
used
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Noz
zle
Cor
ner E
mbr
ittle
men
t
•R
IS 2
014-
11:
–“a
ll fe
rriti
c co
mpo
nent
s w
ithin
the
entir
e re
acto
r ves
sel m
ust b
e co
nsid
ered
in th
e de
velo
pmen
t of P
-T li
mits
, and
the
effe
cts
of
neut
ron
radi
atio
n m
ust b
e co
nsid
ered
for a
ny lo
catio
ns th
at a
re
pred
icte
d to
exp
erie
nce
a ne
utro
n flu
ence
exp
osur
e gr
eate
r tha
n 1x
1017
n/cm
2(E
> 1
MeV
) at t
he e
nd o
f the
lice
nsed
ope
ratin
g pe
riod.
”•
NR
C T
echn
ical
Let
ter R
epor
t TLR
-RE
S/D
E/C
IB-2
013-
01
(Nov
. 201
4) c
larif
ies:
–“E
mbr
ittle
men
t effe
cts
may
be
negl
ecte
d fo
r any
regi
on o
f the
R
PV
if e
ither
of t
he fo
llow
ing
cond
ition
s ar
e m
et:
•(1
) neu
tron
fluen
ce is
less
than
1x1
017
n/cm
2(E
> 1
.0 M
eV) a
t EO
L, o
r•
(2) t
he m
ean
valu
e of
∆T 3
0es
timat
ed u
sing
an
ETC
acc
epta
ble
to th
e st
aff i
s le
ss th
an 2
5°F
at E
OL.
The
est
imat
e of
∆T 3
0at
EO
L sh
all b
e m
ade
usin
g be
st-e
stim
ate
chem
istry
val
ues.
”
10
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Noz
zle
Cor
ner E
mbr
ittle
men
t
•B
est-e
stim
ate
Cu
per
RG
1.99
, Rev
. 2–
Mea
n+1σ
= 0.
127%
C
u •Ba
sed
on 1
78
PW
R n
ozzl
e fo
rgin
gs
(bac
k th
roug
h 19
66)
–N
i = 0
.90
•A-
508c
l2 S
pec.
up
per l
imit
•<4
.2e1
7n/c
m2
less
th
an 2
5ºF
shift
–D
o no
t nee
d to
co
nsid
er
embr
ittle
men
t per
TL
R-R
ES
/DE
/CIB
-20
13-0
1 11
Mean = 0.095%
σ= 0.032%
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Noz
zle
Cor
ner E
mbr
ittle
men
t
•A
ll av
aila
ble
nozz
le fl
uenc
e va
lues
from
U.S
. PW
R in
let a
nd
outle
t noz
zle
forg
ings
wer
e co
mpi
led
•G
ener
ally
flue
nce
has
been
cal
cula
ted
at th
e lo
catio
n w
here
th
e bo
ttom
of t
he n
ozzl
e fo
rgin
g m
eets
the
shel
l (Lo
wes
t ex
tent
of t
he n
ozzl
e to
she
ll w
eld)
•Th
e m
etho
ds w
ere
RG
1.1
90 c
ompl
iant
for t
he b
eltli
ne a
nd
gene
rate
con
serv
ativ
e flu
ence
valu
es fo
r the
noz
zle
regi
on•
Mor
e re
fined
3D
flue
nce
mod
elin
g ha
ve b
een
perfo
rmed
for
som
e pl
ants
whi
ch re
sulte
d in
low
er fl
uenc
e va
lues
in th
e ex
tend
ed b
eltli
ne re
gion
•Th
e no
zzle
flaw
regi
on is
~5
inch
es a
bove
the
typi
cal
loca
tion
of fl
uenc
e ca
lcul
atio
n (lo
wes
t wel
d ex
tent
) mea
ning
lo
wer
flue
nce
at th
e no
zzle
cor
ner
•H
ighe
st 6
0 ye
ar fl
uenc
e fo
und
for t
he P
WR
flee
t is
4.5
x 10
17
n/cm
2at
the
low
est e
xten
t of n
ozzl
e-sh
ell w
eld
•Th
eref
ore,
loca
tion
at w
hich
the
flaw
is
post
ulat
ed h
as fl
uenc
e be
low
whi
ch
embr
ittle
men
t effe
cts
may
be
negl
ecte
d 12
Typical
Flue
nce
Calculation
Locatio
n
Postulated
Flaw
Locatio
n
~27 inches
to to
p of
active fuel
Inlet N
ozzle
~5 inches
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Adj
uste
d R
efer
ence
Tem
pera
ture
•G
ener
ic R
TT0
Valu
e–
Alte
rnat
e ge
neric
mea
n R
T ND
T=
RTT
0=
-66°
F–
Mar
gin
= σ I
= 54
.5°F
•N
ear S
urfa
ce T
ough
ness
–∆
RT N
DTs
urfa
ce=
-36°
F–σ I
surfa
ce=
29°F
•S
urfa
ce e
ffect
on
toug
hnes
s is
sta
tistic
ally
inde
pend
ent
from
unc
erta
inty
in R
TT0
–Th
eref
ore,
they
can
be
com
bine
d us
ing
squa
re ro
ot o
f the
sum
of
the
squa
res
as is
reco
mm
ende
d in
RG
1.9
9 R
ev. 2
–A
RT
= R
TT0
+ ∆
RT N
DTs
urfa
ce+
2(σ I
surfa
ce2
+ σ I
2 )½
=
–A
RT
= -6
6ºF
–36
ºF +
2(5
4.5º
F2+
29ºF
2 )½
=
21ºF
13
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Coo
ldow
n Tr
ansi
ent
14
•Th
irty-
two
actu
al c
oold
own
trans
ient
s w
ere
revi
ewed
from
the
2, 3
and
4
loop
Wes
tingh
ouse
and
the
vario
us C
E d
esig
ns–
The
max
imum
ave
rage
coo
ldow
n ra
te fr
om R
HR
or S
DC
sys
tem
pla
ced
into
ser
vice
(3
50°F
) unt
il ju
st p
rior t
o sh
utdo
wn
of la
st R
CP
was
13°
F/hr
.–
The
max
imum
ave
rage
coo
ldow
n ra
te fr
om ju
st p
rior t
o sh
utdo
wn
of la
st R
CP
until
ne
ar a
tmos
pher
ic p
ress
ure
was
11°
F/hr
.–
The
low
est t
empe
ratu
re a
t whi
ch a
ny s
igni
fican
t pre
ssur
e (>
200
psi
g) re
mai
ned
in
the
RC
S w
as a
bove
90°
F fo
r all
cool
dow
ns. A
t and
bel
ow th
is te
mpe
ratu
re, t
here
w
as n
o si
gnifi
cant
pre
ssur
e in
the
RC
S.
–Ad
ditio
nally
, the
max
imum
tem
pera
ture
cha
nge
in a
ny 1
-hou
r inc
rem
ent w
ith a
ll R
CP
s sh
ut d
own
neve
r exc
eede
d 45
°F, w
ith a
vera
ges
thro
ugho
ut th
e ph
ase
neve
r ex
ceed
ing
11°F
/hr.
•C
onse
rvat
ive
Coo
ldow
n ra
te u
sed
–10
0ºF/
hrfro
m o
pera
ting
tem
pera
ture
to 1
10ºF
then
sw
itch
to
–50
ºF/h
rfro
m 1
10ºF
to 1
00ºF
then
–20
ºF/h
rbel
ow 1
00ºF
.•
Rat
e bo
unds
hyp
othe
tical
fast
est r
ate
cool
dow
n th
at th
e re
sidu
al h
eat
rem
oval
sys
tem
(or s
hut d
own
cool
ing
syst
ems)
can
ach
ieve
und
er th
e be
st c
ircum
stan
ces
for a
ny U
.S. P
WR
des
ign
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
3D F
inite
Ele
men
t Ana
lysi
s (F
EA
)
•3D
FE
A pe
rform
ed fo
r an
inle
t and
an
outle
t noz
zle
with
two
post
ulat
ed
smal
l fla
w d
epth
s an
d tw
o as
pect
ratio
s ea
ch fo
r the
Wes
tingh
ouse
4-lo
op
desi
gn–
The
Wes
tingh
ouse
4-lo
op n
ozzl
e co
nfig
urat
ion
is re
pres
enta
tive
of th
e 2
and
3-lo
op W
estin
ghou
se, B
&W
and
CE
des
igns
•Th
e lo
w te
mpe
ratu
re re
gion
at t
he e
nd o
f a c
oold
own
trans
ient
is w
here
it
com
es c
lose
st to
exc
eedi
ng th
e ex
istin
g P
-T li
mit
curv
es–
This
low
-pre
ssur
e, lo
w-te
mpe
ratu
re re
gion
is la
rgel
y go
vern
ed b
y th
e cl
addi
ng im
pose
d st
ress
rath
er th
an p
lant
spe
cific
diff
eren
ces
in
geom
etry
•Tw
o si
gnifi
cant
ly d
iffer
ent c
ladd
ing
thic
knes
s ev
alua
ted
15
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
3D F
inite
Ele
men
t Ana
lysi
s (F
EA
)
•Li
near
Ela
stic
Fin
ite E
lem
ent M
odel
(FE
M) g
eom
etry
incl
udes
:–
Noz
zle
(inle
t and
out
let)
–C
ladd
ing
–R
V s
hell
•FE
M o
f Noz
zles
load
ed w
ith:
–W
ette
d su
rface
and
flaw
-face
pre
ssur
e–
Rep
rese
ntat
ive
appl
icab
le p
ipin
g lo
ads
–C
oold
own
trans
ient
on
wet
ted
surfa
ced
–C
ladd
ing
resi
dual
stre
ss
•C
oold
own
trans
ient
sep
arat
ed fr
om p
ress
ure
case
and
mec
hani
cal
load
cas
es s
o th
at d
iffer
ent s
afet
y fa
ctor
s ca
n be
app
lied
•S
tress
Inte
nsity
Fac
tors
(SIF
) cal
cula
ted
with
AN
SY
S c
onto
ur
inte
grat
ion
func
tion
(CIN
T co
mm
and)
at a
ll no
des
alon
g fla
w fr
ont
(~70
dat
a po
ints
)
16
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
FEM
Loa
ding
-C
ladd
ing
Res
idua
l Stre
ss
17•C
ladd
ing
incl
uded
in F
EM
s•
Res
idua
l Stre
ss in
clud
ed w
ith m
odifi
ed C
ladd
ing
Ref
eren
ce T
empe
ratu
re
of C
oeffi
cien
t of T
herm
al E
xpan
sion
(CTE
)•
Test
mod
el d
evel
oped
for s
impl
ified
ge
omet
ry to
use
AN
SY
S in
itial
stre
ss
met
hod
for c
alib
ratio
n of
ave
rage
stre
ss:
–R
un 1
: Exp
licit
resi
dual
stre
ss c
urve
app
lied
to
clad
ding
(IN
ISTA
TE c
omm
and)
–R
un 2
: CTE
refe
renc
e te
mpe
ratu
re v
arie
d (R
EFT
met
hod)
–C
ompa
rison
of K
sol
utio
ns fo
r Run
1 a
nd R
un
2 de
mon
stra
ted
that
an
aver
age
stre
ss w
ith
CTE
refe
renc
e te
mpe
ratu
re m
etho
d ga
ve
sim
ilar f
law
ope
ning
beh
avio
r as
expl
icit
initi
al
stre
ss s
tate
–C
ompr
essi
ve s
tress
con
serv
ativ
ely
negl
ecte
d an
d bo
undi
ng a
xial
stre
ss
from
dat
a us
edPV
P201
5‐45
086 Ro
om Tem
p. Residual Stress
Clad
ding
Thickn
ess
0.25
in.
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
05101520
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
K1 [ksi·in0.5]
Posi
tion
(d/D
)
K1
alon
g C
rack
Fro
nt -
Res
idua
l Str
ess C
alib
ratio
n
INIS
TATE
met
hod
REF
T m
etho
dLA
S bo
unda
ry
Res
idua
l Stre
ss C
alib
ratio
n R
esul
t
18Goo
d Ag
reem
ent
betw
een Bo
th
Residu
al Stress
Application Metho
ds
LAS Re
gion
d
Tota
l Fla
w T
ip L
engt
h =
D
d/D
= 1
.0
d/D
= 0
.0d/
D =
0.5
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Mod
elin
g M
etho
dolo
gy
•E
xplic
it fla
ws
mod
eled
in F
EM
s w
ith c
ladd
ing
•N
ozzl
e co
rner
regi
on c
hose
n ba
sed
on li
miti
ng s
tress
•R
an p
ress
ure
and
Coo
ldow
n tra
nsie
nt c
ases
on
no-fl
aw m
odel
s to
ve
rify
flaw
loca
tion
sele
ctio
n
19
Out
let
Inle
t
Note: Qua
rter
mod
el sh
own
for clarity
0.25
” C
ladd
ing
1” C
ladd
ing
0.25
” C
ladd
ing
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Det
erm
inat
ion
of P
ostu
late
d Fl
aw L
ocat
ion
-S
tress
Res
ults
for N
o-fla
w F
EM
of O
utle
t Noz
zle
20
Max
Str
ess d
ue to
1,0
00 p
si P
ress
ure
Hoo
p Stress (p
si)
Noz
zle
Cor
ner
Stre
ss
boun
ds N
ozzl
e/R
V
Wel
d
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Det
erm
inat
ion
of P
ostu
late
d Fl
aw L
ocat
ion
-S
tress
Res
ults
for N
o-fla
w F
EM
of O
utle
t Noz
zle
21
Hoo
p Stress (p
si)
Max
Str
ess d
ue to
Coo
ldow
n T
rans
ient
w
ithou
t Res
idua
l Str
ess
Noz
zle
Cor
ner
Stre
ss
boun
ds N
ozzl
e/R
V
Wel
d
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Det
erm
inat
ion
of P
ostu
late
d Fl
aw L
ocat
ion
-S
tress
Res
ults
for N
o-fla
w F
EM
of I
nlet
Noz
zle
22
Max
Str
ess d
ue to
1,0
00 p
si P
ress
ure
Hoo
p Stress (p
si)
Noz
zle
Cor
ner
Stre
ss
boun
ds N
ozzl
e/R
V
Wel
d
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Det
erm
inat
ion
of P
ostu
late
d Fl
aw L
ocat
ion
-S
tress
Res
ults
for N
o-fla
w F
EM
of I
nlet
Noz
zle
23
Hoo
p Stress (p
si)
Max
Str
ess d
ue to
Coo
ldow
n T
rans
ient
w
ithou
t Res
idua
l Str
ess
Noz
zle
Cor
ner
Stre
ss
boun
ds N
ozzl
e/R
V
Wel
d
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Fini
te E
lem
ent M
odel
s w
ith F
law
s
24
Ref
ined
Mes
h in
Fla
w R
egio
n•
Sin
gula
rity
elem
ents
at f
law
tip
•A
NS
YS
Rec
omm
ende
d m
esh
for
accu
racy
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
Geo
met
ries
–O
utle
t Noz
zle
25
a=0.
9 in
, L=1
.8 in
a=0.
9 in
, L=5
.4 in
Shal
low
Fla
w
(0.3
in in
to L
ow A
lloy
Stee
l)
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
Geo
met
ries
–O
utle
t Noz
zle
26
a=1.
18 in
, L=2
.36
in
a=1.
18 in
, L=7
.08
in
0.5
in in
to L
ow A
lloy
Stee
l
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
Geo
met
ries
–In
let N
ozzl
e
27
a=0.
3 in
, L=0
.6 in
a=0.
3 in
, L=1
.8 in
Shal
low
Fla
w
(0.0
5 in
into
Low
Allo
y St
eel)
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Pos
tula
ted
Flaw
Geo
met
ries
–In
let N
ozzl
e
28
a=0.
75 in
, L=1
.5 in
a=0.
75 in
, L=4
.5 in
0.5
in in
to L
ow A
lloy
Stee
l
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
FEM
Loa
ding
–S
urfa
ce L
oads
29
RC
S T
empe
ratu
re A
pplie
d to
Insi
de
Surf
aces
Exc
ludi
ng F
law
Fac
eH
igh
Flow
Reg
ion
Tsu
rf=
Tbu
lk
RC
S Pr
essu
re A
pplie
d to
In
side
Sur
face
s Inc
ludi
ng
Flaw
Fac
e
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
FEM
Loa
ding
–M
echa
nica
l Loa
ds
30
Noz
zle
Mec
hani
cal L
oads
an
d B
low
off P
ress
ure
appl
ied
at e
nd o
f Pip
e Se
gmen
t
Blo
wof
f Loa
d ap
plie
d to
to
p of
RV
She
ll
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
0100
200
300
400
500
600
-25
-20
-15
-10-50510152025303540
05,
000
10,0
0015
,000
20,0
0025
,000
30,0
0035
,000
40,0
00
Temperature [°F]
K1 [ksi·in0.5]
Tim
e [s
]
RV
out
let n
ozzl
e w
ith a
=1.1
8" a
nd L
=7.0
8" -
K1
Tim
e H
isto
ries
at V
ario
us L
ocat
ions
alo
ng C
rack
Fro
nt fo
r C
oold
own
Tran
sien
t (T
herm
al a
nd R
esid
ual)
d/D
=0.3
67(b
ase
met
al)
d/D
=0.4
01(b
ase
met
al)
d/D
=0.5
04(b
ase
met
al)
d/D
=0.6
(bas
em
etal
)
d/D
=0.7
03(b
ase
met
al)
d/D
=0.8
05(b
ase
met
al)
d/D
=0.8
98(b
ase
met
al)
RC
ST
empe
ratu
re
Res
ults
-B
ound
ing
Cas
eO
utle
t Noz
zle,
a=1
.18
in, L
=7.0
8 in
KITi
me
His
tory
for C
D
Tran
sien
t for
The
rmal
E
ffect
s–
Max
= 3
6.8
ksi·i
n0.5
–O
ccur
s at
cla
ddin
g -
LAS
bou
ndar
y
31
Max Residua
l Stress a
t End
of 1
00°F/hrR
ate
whe
n Th
ermal Gradien
t is L
argest
d
Tota
l Fla
w T
ip L
engt
h =
D
d/D
= 1
.0
d/D
= 0
.0d/
D =
0.5
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Res
ults
–M
axim
um T
herm
al G
radi
ent d
urin
g C
oold
own
Tran
sien
t
32
Tempe
rature (°F)
Maxim
um Gradien
t occurs a
t End
of 1
00°F/hrR
ate
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
20253035404550
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
K1 [ksi·in0.5]
Posi
tion
(d/D
)
RV
out
let n
ozzl
e w
ith a
=1.1
8" a
nd L
=7.0
8" -
K1
alon
g C
rack
Fro
nt fo
r C
oold
own
Tran
sien
t (T
herm
al a
nd
Res
idua
l) at
t =1
6092
s
K1
LAS
boun
dary
Res
ults
-B
ound
ing
Cas
eO
utle
t Noz
zle,
a=1
.18
in, L
=7.0
8 in
KIal
ong
flaw
fron
t for
C
D tr
ansi
ent f
or
Ther
mal
Effe
cts
at
time
poin
t for
m
axim
um S
IF
33
Maxim
um SIF at
clad
ding
/LAS
bou
ndary
Clad
ding
LAS Re
gion
d
Tota
l Fla
w T
ip L
engt
h =
D
d/D
= 1
.0
d/D
= 0
.0d/
D =
0.5
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
0510152025303540
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
K1 [ksi·in0.5]
Posi
tion
(d/D
)
RV
out
let n
ozzl
e w
ith a
=1.1
8" a
nd L
=7.0
8" -
K1
alon
g C
rack
Fro
nt w
ith 1
,000
psi
Pre
ssur
e
K1
LAS
boun
dary
Res
ults
-B
ound
ing
Cas
eO
utle
t Noz
zle,
a=1
.18
in, L
=7.0
8 in
KIal
ong
flaw
fron
t for
1,
000
psi p
ress
ure
•M
ax =
33.
6 ks
i·in0
.5
•A
t end
of C
oold
own,
M
echa
nica
l Loa
ds h
ave
negl
igib
le e
ffect
34
LAS Re
gion
Clad
ding
d
Tota
l Fla
w T
ip L
engt
h =
D
d/D
= 1
.0
d/D
= 0
.0d/
D =
0.5
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Gen
erat
ion
of N
ozzl
e P
-T C
urve
s
35
•A
SM
E S
ectio
n X
I App
endi
x G
–
SF
* KIp
+ K
It<
KIc
SF
= 2
(Coo
ldow
n tra
nsie
nt)
–K
Ipan
d K
Itba
sed
on N
ozzl
e K
I for p
ress
ure
and
ther
mal
from
FE
M–
Klc
= 33
.20
+ 20
.734
* e
xp [0
.02
(T-A
RT)
]
•C
alcu
latio
n of
Allo
wab
le P
ress
ure
(Pal
low)
–K
Ip(a
llow
)=
(KIc
-KIt)
/ S
F–
Pal
low
= (K
Ip(a
llow
)* P
appl
ied)
/ K
lp-a
pplie
d
•In
let a
nd O
utle
t Noz
zle
P-T
lim
its d
evel
oped
for:
–Tw
o sm
all f
law
dep
ths
–Tw
o as
pect
ratio
s (2
:1, 6
:1)
–Lo
w a
lloy
stee
l/cla
ddin
g in
terfa
ce a
nd d
eepe
st ti
p of
flaw
con
side
red
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Noz
zle
P-T
Cur
ves
36Co
olan
t
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Bou
ndin
g N
ozzl
e P
-T C
urve
Com
paris
on to
B
eltli
ne
37
•P
lant
P-T
cu
rves
sho
wn
are
mos
t lim
iting
re
lativ
e to
no
zzle
s–
Som
e pl
ants
th
at h
ave
flang
e no
tch
exem
ptio
n ap
prov
ed
are
cons
ider
ed
sepa
rate
ly
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Noz
zle
P-T
Cur
ve C
ompa
rison
to B
eltli
ne w
ith
Flan
ge N
otch
Exe
mpt
ion
•B
ound
ing
mea
sure
d N
B-2
300
com
plia
nt
RT N
DT
valu
es–
Doe
s no
t tak
e cr
edit
for h
ighe
r sur
face
to
ughn
ess
•N
ozzl
es a
re
boun
ded
by a
ll be
ltlin
e P
-T c
urve
s w
ith fl
ange
not
ch
rem
oved
38
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Con
clus
ion
•A
naly
sis
dem
onst
rate
s th
at
post
ulat
ed
nozz
le fl
aws
are
boun
ded
by e
xist
ing
beltl
ine
&
flang
e P
-T
curv
es
39
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Sum
mar
y of
App
roac
h
•G
ener
icne
arsu
rface
alte
rnat
eR
T ND
T(R
TT0)
cons
erva
tivel
yca
lcul
ated
–C
onse
rvat
ive
forg
ing
fract
ure
toug
hnes
sda
taan
dac
cept
edC
CN
-629
(22
forg
ings
)–
Surfa
cepr
oper
ties
base
don
near
surfa
cem
easu
rem
ents
from
31fo
rgin
gs
•C
onse
rvat
ive
fluen
cean
dbe
stes
timat
ech
emis
tryde
mon
stra
tes
embr
ittle
men
tis
insi
gnifi
cant
atno
zzle
corn
er•
Det
aile
d3D
finite
elem
enta
naly
sis
ofin
leta
ndou
tletn
ozzl
es–
Flaw
ssm
alle
rand
grea
tert
han
ND
Ede
tect
abili
tyha
vebe
enpo
stul
ated
–K
Ial
ong
post
ulat
edfla
wfro
nts
for
8po
stul
ated
flaw
sin
clud
ing
clad
ding
,pr
essu
re,t
herm
alan
dm
echa
nica
lloa
ding
s
•N
ozzl
e P-
T cu
rves
bou
nded
by
exis
ting
beltl
ine
& fl
ange
P-T
cu
rves
•A
ll U
.S. P
WR
OG
pla
nts
are
addr
esse
d in
the
topi
cal r
epor
t–
Futu
re p
lant
P-T
cur
ve u
pdat
es (i
.e. f
luen
ce, S
LR, f
lang
e no
tch
rem
oval
) can
be
com
pare
d to
thes
e A
RT,
flue
nce,
and
/or n
ozzl
e P
-T c
urve
s fo
r app
licab
ility
40
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nex
t Ste
ps
•Th
is w
ork
dem
onst
rate
s th
at e
xist
ing
appr
oved
met
hods
(WC
AP
-140
40 a
nd
BAW
-100
46) c
onse
rvat
ivel
y bo
und
the
nozz
le P
-T c
urve
s –
Ther
efor
e co
mpl
ianc
e w
ith A
ppen
dix
G h
as
been
dem
onst
rate
d •
PW
RO
G to
com
plet
e to
pica
l rep
ort b
y S
umm
er 2
016
41
Globa
l Exp
ertise •One
Voice
www.pwrog.co
m
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Bac
kup
Slid
es
43
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Gen
eric
RTT
0
•M
ostU
SP
WR
Inle
t/Out
letN
ozzl
esar
eA
-508
Cla
ss2
•M
aste
rC
urve
refe
renc
ete
mpe
ratu
reda
taga
ther
edon
the
follo
win
geq
uiva
lent
grad
es:
–S
A-5
08C
lass
2(a
lso
AS
TMA
-508
Cla
ss2)
–22
NiM
oCr3
7w
hich
isa
DIN
com
para
ble
–S
FVQ
2Aw
hich
isJa
pane
seeq
uiva
lent
•D
ata
colle
cted
from
–O
pen
Lite
ratu
re–
Spe
cial
Tech
nica
lmee
tings
–E
PR
Idat
abas
e–
Wes
tingh
ouse
docu
men
ts•
Onl
yva
lidsp
ecim
enge
omet
ry/d
ata
perA
STM
E192
1,“T
estM
etho
dfo
rth
eD
eter
min
atio
nof
Ref
eren
ceTe
mpe
ratu
re,
T o,
for
Ferr
itic
Ste
els
inth
eTr
ansi
tion
Ran
ge”
–C
ited
byA
SM
ES
ectio
nX
IA
ppen
dix
G-2
110
(form
erly
Cod
eC
ase
N-
629)
44
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Gen
eric
RTT
0
45
•22
hea
ts fo
und
–Fo
rgin
gs a
re in
mos
t cas
es th
e sa
me
as
wer
e us
ed in
com
mer
cial
PW
R o
r BW
Rs
–
In a
ll ca
ses
the
heat
s se
lect
ed a
re
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Japa
nese
RP
Vs,
•
Sw
edis
h R
PV
s,•
Ger
man
firs
t thr
ough
four
th g
ener
atio
n R
PV
s •
U.S
. old
er R
PV
s–
The
refe
renc
es w
ere
chec
ked
to e
nsur
e no
dup
licat
ion
(eac
h is
a d
iffer
ent f
orgi
ng
heat
)•
Mos
t are
T-L
orie
ntat
ion
(wea
k di
rect
ion)
an
d re
mov
ed fr
om 1
/4T
loca
tion
•C
onse
rvat
ive
valu
es u
sed:
–S
ome
irrad
iate
d da
ta
–T-
L or
ient
atio
n (w
eak
dire
ctio
n)–
Pre
crac
k C
harp
y (P
CC
) siz
e sp
ecim
ens
incr
ease
d by
10°
C (1
8°F)
to c
ompe
nsat
e fo
r low
con
stra
int b
ias
(per
AS
TM E
1921
)
Material Ide
ntity
Specificatio
nT 0
(°C)
Geo
metry
T 0(°C) SE(B)
adjusted
Orie
ntation
JTK1
5Japa
nese K
IRCo
mmittee
SFVQ
2A‐99
1TCT
‐99
NR
ASME K I
CDatab
ase1
RTNDT= 11
°CA‐50
8 Class 2
‐57
2TCT
, 4TC
T,
6TCT
‐57
NR
ASME K I
CDatab
ase1
RTNDT= 18
°CA‐50
8 Class 2
‐21
2TCT
, 8TC
T‐21
NR
SCK‐CEN
FG2‐1/4T
A‐50
8 Class 2
‐95
SE(B)
‐85
TL
JSW4C
A‐50
8 Class 2
‐84
1TCT
, 2TC
T‐84
NR
CARISM
A P7
‐Klockne
r22NiM
oCr37
‐88
SE(B)
‐78
TLCA
RISM
A P1
47‐JSW
22NiM
oCr37
‐112
SE(B)
‐102
TLAtucha
I 41
.122NiM
oCr37
‐42
1TCT
‐42
TLGerman
Nozzle Flan
ge Ring ‐
A22NiM
oCr37
‐75
SE(B)
‐65
TL
German
Nozzle Flan
ge Ring –
B22NiM
oCr37
<‐90
SE(B)
<‐80
TL
German
Nozzle Flan
ge Ring –
C22NiM
oCr37
‐17
SE(B)
‐7TL
German
Nozzle Flan
ge Ring ‐
D22NiM
oCr37
‐43
SE(B)
‐33
TL
KRB‐A GEB
2 Gun
drem
mingen
20NiM
oCr263
‐53
1/2TCT
‐53
TLCA
RINA
P150
‐JSW
22NiM
oCr37
‐109
SE(B)
‐99
TL
CARINA
P151
‐Klockne
r22NiM
oCr37
‐110
SE(B)
‐100
TL
Ring
hals 4 Low
er She
ll22NiM
oCr37
‐135
SE(B)
‐125
TLRing
hals 4
Inter. Shell
22NiM
oCr37
‐123
SE(B)
‐113
TL
Ring
hals 3 Low
er She
ll22NiM
oCr37
‐794
SE(B)
‐69
TLRing
hals 3
Inter. Shell
22NiM
oCr37
‐824
SE(B)
‐72
TL
Borssele
Ring
322NiM
oCr37
‐106
SE(B)
‐96
TL
Borssele
Ring
422NiM
oCr37
‐106
SE(B)
‐96
TL
BMWi
22NiM
oCr37
‐65
vario
us‐55
NR
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
Tou
ghne
ss
•S
mal
l fla
w e
nabl
es u
se o
f nea
r su
rface
toug
hnes
s da
ta–
Sur
face
pro
perti
es a
re b
ette
r due
to
fast
er c
oolin
g ra
te d
urin
g qu
ench
ing
•P
rodu
ces
a fin
er m
icro
stru
ctur
e,
smal
ler c
arbi
de p
hase
s, re
duce
d le
ngth
of l
inea
r pha
se b
ound
arie
s, a
nd
som
e te
mpe
red
mar
tens
ite•
Res
ults
in b
ette
r Cha
rpy
prop
ertie
s an
d fra
ctur
e to
ughn
ess
–Fo
rtuna
tely
for t
he h
igh
T 0va
lues
fo
und
in th
e G
erm
an n
ozzl
e fo
rgin
g rin
g, n
ear s
urfa
ce m
easu
rem
ents
w
ere
mad
e•
T 0at
the
post
ulat
ed fl
aw d
epth
is u
sed
46
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
Tou
ghne
ss
47BW
R Nozzle
16MND5
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
Tou
ghne
ss
48
PR
ES
SU
RI
ZE
D W
AT
ER
RE
AC
TO
R O
WN
ER
S G
RO
UP
Nea
r Sur
face
Tou
ghne
ss
•Tw
o fo
rgin
gs th
at d
id n
ot s
how
impr
ovem
ent n
ear s
urfa
ce
(incl
usio
n of
this
dat
a en
sure
s co
nser
vativ
e ad
just
men
t)–
Littl
e da
ta n
ear s
urfa
ce--
Sca
tter i
n da
ta
49
Near
Surface
1/4T
Near
Surface
1/4T
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