PROCESS SKILLS COVER SHEET Please have the following items ready to turn in on the day of the test. They will have either have been assigned in class or as homework during the course of this unit. Each is important to study for the test. You will receive a grade for this work, so please make sure you keep up with all your work. If should remain behind the science section in your binder. 1. Notes (5 pages) 2. Observations of mystery object in book bag 3. Explanations of classification systems 4. Classification Chart/Table 5. Creatures Sheet 6. ____________________________________ Name ___________________________ # ______ Test date ____________________________ Parent’s Signature ___________________________________(+10 points) S.C. Process Skills Standards 5-1 The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific inquiry, including the foundations of technological design and the process skills 1.1 Identify questions suitable for generating a hypothesis 1.2 Identify independent (manipulated),dependent (responding), and controlled variables in an experiment 1.5 Construct a line graph from recorded data with correct placement of independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variables. 1.6 Evaluate results of an investigation to formulate a valid conclusion based on evidence and communicate the findings in oral and written form From previous grade levels: Identify observed objects or events using the senses and classify observations as qualitative and quantitative Predict and explain information or events based on observation or previous experience Compare, classify, and sequence objects by number, shape, texture, size, and motion by using standard English units of measurement when appropriate (1st); Classify objects by two of their properties (attributes) and classify objects and events in sequential order (3rd). Represent and communicate simple data and explanations through drawings, tables, pictographs, bar graphs, and oral and written language (2nd). Infer explanations regarding scientific observations and experiences (2nd) and meaning from data communicated in graphs, tables, and diagrams (3rd). Generate questions such as what if or how about objects, organisms, and events in the environment and use those questions to conduct a simple scientific investigation (3rd). Predict the outcome of a simple scientific investigation and compare the result with the prediction (3rd). Explain why similar investigations might produce different results (3rd). Distinguish among observations, predictions, and inferences (4th). Recognize the correct placement of variables on a line graph (4th). Construct and interpret diagrams, tables, and graphs made from recorded measurements and observations (4th) Horse Picture.pdf Sewer Lice Letter.pdf
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PROCESS SKILLSCOVER SHEET
Please have the following items ready to turn in on the day of the test. They will have either have been assigned in class or as homework during the course of this
unit. Each is important to study for the test. You will receive a grade for this work, so please make sure you keep up with all your work. If should remain behind the
science section in your binder.
1. Notes (5 pages)2. Observations of mystery object in book bag3. Explanations of classification systems4. Classification Chart/Table5. Creatures Sheet6. ____________________________________
Name ___________________________ # ______ Test date ____________________________
S.C. Process Skills Standards5-1 The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific inquiry, including the foundations of technological design and the process skills1.1 Identify questions suitable for generating a hypothesis1.2 Identify independent (manipulated),dependent (responding), and controlled variables in an experiment1.5 Construct a line graph from recorded data with correct placement of independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variables.1.6 Evaluate results of an investigation to formulate a valid conclusion based on evidence and communicate the findings in oral and written formFrom previous grade levels:Identify observed objects or events using the senses and classify observations as qualitative and quantitativePredict and explain information or events based on observation or previous experienceCompare, classify, and sequence objects by number, shape, texture, size, and motion by using standard English units of measurement when appropriate (1st); Classify objects by two of their properties (attributes) and classify objects and events in sequential order (3rd).Represent and communicate simple data and explanations through drawings, tables, pictographs, bar graphs, and oral and written language (2nd).Infer explanations regarding scientific observations and experiences (2nd) and meaning from data communicated in graphs, tables, and diagrams (3rd).Generate questions such as what if or how about objects, organisms, and events in the environment and use those questions to conduct a simple scientific investigation (3rd).Predict the outcome of a simple scientific investigation and compare the result with the prediction (3rd).Explain why similar investigations might produce different results (3rd).Distinguish among observations, predictions, and inferences (4th).Recognize the correct placement of variables on a line graph (4th).Construct and interpret diagrams, tables, and graphs made from recorded measurements and observations (4th)
Horse Picture.pdfSewer Lice Letter.pdf
QUESTIONS FOR BANK SCENE
1. What time did the clock show?
2. How many people are in the scene?
3. How many people are in line?
4. What is the date in the picture?
5. How many freckles are on the boy in front wearing the zippered shirt?
6. What does the sign at the front of the line say?
1:27
8
June 15
5
Please wait for next available ham and eggs
8
QUESTIONS FOR BANK SCENE (Continued)
7. Describe the person behind the counter/window.
8. What is on the hat of the first person in line?
9. What is the second person in line holding in his/her hand?
10. What is the 2nd person in line wearing on his/her feet?
11. How many people are outside?
12. How many people are wearing hats?
bald, moustache, wearing tie/shirt
mouse
a jar with some kind of insect in it / a child's hand
bunny slippers
1
2
1. There are 5 process skills we will be concerned with in 5th grade:OBSERVATION PREDICTIONCLASSIFICATION INFERENCECOMMUNICATION
2. An observation is our perception of OBJECTS and events using our five SENSES or a measuring device.
3. Key words to remember are look, study, and EXAMINE.
4. There are 2 kinds of observations:a. Qualitative: uses the 5 SENSES to create a clear and vivid
pictureb. Quantitative: uses a MEASURING device (so it will involve
numbers #s)
5. The 5 senses are HEAR, smell, taste, sight, TOUCH.
6. Examples of measuring devices:RULER, SCALE, YARDSTICK
7. The name of our observation game: I SPY
O C C P I
Qualitative observations:
Quantitative observations:
Qualitative observations:
Quantitative observations:
A Close Up Look of a Penny Lab.pub
Value year In God We Trust United States of AmericaLiberty E Pluribus Unum
copper
Look would be similar to the first drawings. We were just looking at the penny from our memory.Study would be similar to the 2nd drawing because we had a minute to look at the penny up close .
Examine would be the 3rd drawing because we had all the time we needed to closely look at the penny. The details were more exact here because we could look so long at the penny.
MYSTERY OBJECT IN YOUR BOOK BAGDescribe something that could fit inside your book bag. When you write your descriptions, be sure to tell if they are qualitative or quantitative observations.
Example:Object: pencilDescriptions Qualitative? Quantitative? yellow paint6 inches longroundhas six sides (hexagonal)sharp point at one end4 mm widepink eraser at the endmakes no sound
8. Classification is the sorting of objects or items into GROUPS. It's a way to ORGANIZE.
9. Key words to remember are group or SORT.
10. There are 2 kinds of classification systems:a. Binary: where one group possesses a property or trait and the other group
DOES NOT. ("bi" means 2 (TWO) )
Ex. girls with blue eyes OR girls without blue eyes
b. Multi-stage: where you classify objects by sorting them again and AGAIN and again to form a heirarchy of sets.
("Multi" means > 1 or MANY)
CLASS
BOYS GIRLS with glasses without glasses brown eyes blue eyes
11. What's the difference between ordering and sorting?Ordering involves putting objects into some type of SEQUENCE, like shortest to TALLEST, youngest to OLDEST, alphabetically, and so forth.
Sorting is putting them into GROUPS based on common TRAITS.
ORDERING
SORTING
12. Places we find classification systems:
a. VIDEO STORE b. GROCERY STOREc. WALMART d. MUSIC STORE
Your NameDateExplanations- Cover Sheet # 3
1. A video store is classified ...
2. A grocery store is classified ...
3. Walmart is classified ...
4. A music store is classified ...
Which part is binary?
Which part is multi-stage?
Your NameDateClassification Chart- Cover Sheet #4
Cover sheet #5Key For Creatures.pdf
13. Communication is the ability to EXPRESS OR SHARE our ideas, feelings, and needs to others.
14. Key words to remember are tell, write, DRAW.
15. Examples of ways to communicate:a. talking (VERBAL)b. sign languagec. maps, DIAGRAMS, graphs, TABLES, chartsd. WRITINGe. non verbal language (body language and facial
EXPRESSIONS)
Communicating By Graphing.pdfrubric for graphing sheet.pub
EXAMPLES OFCOMMUNICATION
Three Parts of a Graph
1. title
2. x-axis (horizontal axis)
3. y-axis(vertical axis)
Graphing Practice1. The number of bears was counted in a park over time for the past 8 decades:
2. The height of a tree was measured over a number of years:4 years- 1 meter 8 years- 2 meters 12 years- 3 meters16 years- 9 meters 18 years- 16 meters 20 years- 18
meters
3. The types and numbers of cars in the teachers' parking lot were recorded:Ford (12) Chevrolet (16) Dodge (9)
Toyota (6)Mercedes (2) Honda (4) Saturn (3)
Volvo (3)
Communicating By Graphing.pdf
add quiz review here
16. A prediction is a FORECAST OR GUESS of what a future observation will be.("pre" means BEFORE)
17. Key words to remember are guess, forecast, "WHAT'S NEXT?"
Name ___________________________ BEANS, BEANS, BEANS!!
1. Without looking, reach into the bag and take out a sample of ten (10) beans.2. Record the number of each bean under the column labeled as SAMPLE 1.3. Return the beans to the bag and mix them with the other beans.4. Repeat the procedure until you have completed four samples.5. From the results on the first four samples, predict what you think you will draw for the fifth sample. Write your prediction in that column.6. Sample ten (10) beans and record the results under SAMPLE 5.
Beans activity.doc
Beans Beans Beans How-To.pdf
Lifesavers.pdf
18. An inference is an EXPLANATION for an observation
19. Key words to remember are give a reason, WHY, I THINK
OBSERVATIONS
1. You observe the sky at noon is darkening.
2. The principal interupts class and calls fora student to come to her office.
3. All middle school students are bringing a lunch from home on Friday.
4. The classroom lights are off.
5. You leave the movie theater and see thatthe ground is wet.
6. Everyone in the mini theater is raising theirhands.
INFERENCE1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Mystery Box ActivityWithout peeking, see if you can determine what is in the box.
Use your observations skills (listen) and infer what is inside the box.
1. The airplane is silver and blue.2. The airplane flew from the airport.3. The airplane will land at the airport on time.
4. The boy will make a 100 on his test.
5. The boy is holding a pencil.
6. The boy has a blank look on his face because he did not study for the test.
7. The girl has a CD in her hand.
8. The girl paid over $10 for the CD.9. The girl will probably play the CD after supper.
10. The butterfly might fly away to Mexico.
11. The butterfly came out of a cocoon.
12. The butterfly is orange and black.
PredictionInference Observation
20. A variable is something that can CHANGE (VARY) in a situation or experiement.
21. The manipulated variable (MV) is DELIBERATELY changed (on purpose) in a situation or experiment. This is the "CAUSE." Some scientists also call this variable the INDEPENDENT variable. We graph it on the X axis (horizontal).
MV
22. The responding varaiable (RV) is the variable that may change as a RESULT of the manipulation. It is WHAT HAPPENS, or is like the "EFFECT." Some scientists also call this variable the DEPENDENT variable. We graph it on the Y axis (veritcal).
23. The control includes all things that remain the SAME or constant.
24. When doing an investigation or experiment, it is best to only have one MANIPULATED VARIABLE.
RV
26. When you operationally define the variable (ODV), you look for ways to MEASURE (in units) the variables. You describe HOW you will MEASURE the variables in your study.
Find the variables in these statements:
The higher the temperature of water, the faster the egg will cook.
MV __________________________________RV __________________________________ODV: temperature ______________________
time ____________________________
25. A hypothesis is a PREDICTION in terms of the MANIPULATED variable and the RESPONDING variable.
It usually begins with "IF....then...."
If.....(MV).....then.....(RV)
Ex. If you add salt to the ice, then the ice will melt.
MV RV
The temperature of the water was measured at different depths in a lake.
Name _______________ How Many Drops of Water Can a Penny Hold? (investigating variables)
Materials you will need include:Eye dropper or pipette cup of water penny paper towel(s)
Procedure: Using the materials above, what would you do to determine how many drops of water would fit on the surface of your penny? Describe what you would do?
Prediction: Before you begin to carry out your experiment, predict how many drops you think you can place on the penny without the water flowing over. I predict the penny will hold ____ drops of water.
Drops of Water on Penny.doc
#
Experiment: Carry out what you described above in the procedure. You will work independently or with a partner. Record the number of drops your penny held in the table below and then find the average of drops.
Add the three numbers together and divide by three to find the average: _____
trial #1 + trial #2 + trial #3 = ??
Divide ?? by 3
Analysis: Were you surprised at the results? Why or why not?
As you were conducting the experiment, was there anything about the way that you worked that was different from the way someone else worked? [For example, did you hold your dropper a different way from your neighbor?] If so, list some of the differences below:
These differences are called variables because they change or vary from one person to another. List at least three common variables that could affect the results of this experiment. The first one is complete for you.Variable #1: how high you hold your handVariable #2: ___________________________________________________Variable #3: ___________________________________________________
IDENTIFY THE VARIABLES IN THESE SITUATIONS:
1. Lemon trees receiving the most water produce the largest lemons.
2. More bushels of potatoes will be produced if the soil is fertilized more.
3. An experiment was conducted to see if scores on math tests were affected by the number of minutes spent reviewing facts daily.
4. One student wondered if the time it took for an ice cube to melt was affected by the mass if the ice cube.
5. Does the length of a ladder affect the time it takes to climb a ladder.
6. The number of puppies in a litter is determined by the weight of the mother dog.
review for quiz #2
27. Scientists gather information by MEASURING. To measure is to determine the exact dimensions or CAPACITY of an object.
28. The most common measurements made include LENGTH, volume, mass, and TEMPERATURE.
29. Length is the measure of DISTANCE. The basic unit for length is the METER (m).
30. Volume is how much SPACE a solid takes up or how much LIQUID or gas a container can hold. The basic unit for volume is CUBIC METERS (m ) for solids and LITER (L) for liquid/gas.
3cm
3cm
31. Mass is how much MATTER an object contains. It is not the same as weight, but we do use scales to determine mass. Mass is measured in units called GRAMS (g).
32. Temperature is a measure of HOTNESS or COLDNESS and is measured in DEGREES CELSIUS (C ).
What Kind of Measurement?LengthVolumeMassTemperature
amount of water in a beaker
how far an object falls to the ground
hotness of a burning piece of wood
height of a pulley
amount of salt in a salt water solution
coldness of dry ice
distance an object is moved by a force
15 C
15 cm
15 g
15 mL
MEASURE ME!!
15 cm
15 g 15 C
What is the volume of the water alone?
What is the volume of the water and the rock?
What is the volume of the rock alone?
water
water displacement
width
length
thicknessGummy Lab
1st Volume column: Length * width * thickness
2nd volume column:Use water displacement method for volume
1. Measure the amount of water in the cylinder.2. Write that number somewhere on your paper.3. Carefully place your gummy bear inside the cylinder.4. Write the number that the water moves up to.5. Subtract the two numbers (max-min).6. The difference is the volume.
Hint: it should be very close to the 1st volume
L * W * T water displacement
Volume:a. L * W * H b. water displacement
- record beginning water level- add Gummy Bear to cylinder- subtract starting water level from ending water level- the difference is the volume
review for quiz #3
33. In an ordered pair, the MV is on the x-axis and the RV is on the y-axis. (MV, RV)
34. When an investigation is carried out, the measurements are called DATA. Measurements of time, length, temperature, and volume are examples of data and are usually written on a DATA TABLE.
35. When recording a table of data, the measurements of the MV are usually ORDERED (meaning from smallest to largest or largest to smallest.
Data TablesTime
During Race(sec)
Distance Covered (m)
3
6
9
12
15
2.0
3.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
TimeDuring Race
(sec)
Distance Covered(m)
15
3
6
12
9
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
Which data table is written correctly? Why
Make Data Tables From These Graphs
36. Hint: remember this...DRY MIX
(dependent/responding variables/y axis
manipulated/independent variables/x axis)
37. After you construct your table or graph, be able to describe the relationship between the variables. The rule is: Tell what happens to the RV as the MV changes.