PROBABILITY I
PROBABILITY I
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LEARNING OUTCOMESDESIGNERS
CONTENTSTUTORIALS
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LEARNING OUTCOMESAt the end of the class, students should be able to:
determine whether an outcomes is a possible outcome of an experiment
determine the sample space of an experiment
write the sample by using set notation
identify the elements of a sample space which satisfy given condition
find the ratio of the numbers of times an event occurs to the number of trials
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DESIGNERS
NORADLINA BINTI ZKERI
D20091036016
AZIMA BINTI ABDUL RAHIM
D20091036017
IJLAL BINTI MOHD. DIAH
D20091036006
AZNIDA BINTI CHE AWANG
D20091036011
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PROBABILITY I
Sample Space
Event
Probability of an EventMAIN MENU
PROBABILITY I7.1 Sample Space
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An experiment is a process or an operation
with an outcome.
SAMPLE SPACE
Toss a balanced die once and observe its uppermost face
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When toss the coin,we can only get two results :
Head Tail
SAMPLE SPACE
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The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called the sample space. It usually denoted as S.
Example 1: Mr.Adam has a fruit stall that sells bananas,apples,
watermelons,papayas and durians. Students of class 4KP are asked to select their favourite fruit from the fruits at Mr.Adam’s stall.
S = {banana,apple,watermelon,papaya,durian}
SAMPLE SPACE
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SAMPLE SPACE
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Example 2: A month is randomly selected from a year.
Describe the sample space of this experiment by using set notation.
S={January,February,March,April,May,June,July, August,September,October,November, December}
PROBABILITY I7.2 EVENT
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EVENT
Is a subset of the sample space Is an outcome or a set of outcomes that
satisfies certain condition Denoted by a capital letter
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EVENT Example 1 :
A box contains five cards written with 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively. A card is picked randomly from the box.
S={1,2,3,4,5} If we define J as ‘the card with an
even number’ , the outcome of J in set notation will be J={2,4}
•J is known as an event of the experiment.
•The number of outcome of an event n(P)=2
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EVENT Example 2 :
A letter is randomly selected from the word ‘COMPUTER’. Determine the number of possible outcomes of the event that selected letter is
i. A vowelii. A consonant
SOLUTIONLet A=event that the selected letter is vowel={O,U,E}Therefore n(A)=3
Let B=event that the selected letter is consonant={C,M,P,T,R}.Therefore n(B)=5
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PROBABILITY I7.3 Probability and event
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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT Probability of and event E,
P(E)= 0 ≤ P(E) ≤ 1
P(E)= number of outcomes of the event number of outcomes of the sample space
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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT
The closer the probability of a given event is to 1, the more likely it is to happen.
P(E)=0 means that it is impossible for the event to happen
P(E)=1 means that the event is certain to happen
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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT
Example :A bag contain 3 red balls and 4 whiteballs. If Rasyid puts his hand in thebag and picks a ball, what is the probability that the ball he picked is white?
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PROBABILITY OF AND EVENT
Solution :S= {R1, R2, R3, W1, W2, W3, W4}n(S)=7Let E is the event of the drawing a white ball E={W1, W2, W3, W4}n(E)=4Therefore the probability of drawing a white ballis 4/7
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TUTORIAL
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PROBABILITY I
EXERCISE 1
A number from 1 to 11 is choosen atrandom. What is the probability ofchoosing an odd number? 1/11 5/11 6/11 None of above
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A.B.C.D.
EXERCISE 2
A bag consists of 3 green, 1 white and 1 purple chips. Two chips are drawn from the bag. Which of the following outcomes are possible?
(green, red) (green, green) (purple, purple) (white, white)
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A.B.C.D.
EXERCISE 3
A dice is rolled 420 times.How many times will a number greater than 4 occur? 70 210 140 360
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A.B.C.D.
EXERCISE 4
There are 45 boys and girls in a class.Given the probability that a boy is chosen is 4/15. The number of girls is 8 12 25 33
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A.B.C.D.
EXERCISE 5
Out of 5000 applicants, only 275 arechosen. If Azni is one of the applicants,what is the probability that he ischosen? 11/200 200/11 189/200 200/189
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A.B.C.D.
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