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Presentation Phil Educ System

Apr 10, 2018

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    PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONALSYSTEM

    26 May 2010

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    HISTORY

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    Pre-Spanish

    Reading, (W)riting, (A)rithmetic

    Rituals and ceremonies

    Apprenticeship at home, or incommunity centers

    Supervised by parents, elders, Babaylan

    and Katalonan Alibata as the alphabet

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    ALIBATA is a segmental writing

    system that uses consonant-vowel

    combinations. Each letter

    represents a consonant

    accompanied by a specific vowel.

    Each character, written in its basicform, is a consonant ending with a

    vowel A. For producingconsonants that ends with the

    other vowel sound, a mark isplaced either above the consonant

    (to produce an E or I sound) or

    below the consonant (to produce

    an O or U sound). This systemoriginated from India.

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    SPANISH COLONIZATION (1521-

    1898) Elementary, secondary and collegiate level

    Priests as teachers

    Dissemination of information aboutCatholicism

    Primary instruction: free and compulsory.

    Education inadequate, suppressed, and

    controlled

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    American colonization (1898-

    1940s) Public school system

    English language as medium of instruction

    Reading, writing, arithmetic, language, goodmanners and right conduct, civics, hygiene andsanitation, gardening, domestic science,American History and PhilippineHistory

    American textbooks and reading materials werethe only educational materials used

    Technical/ vocational skills wereemphasized andGrade seven was included.

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    Japanese occupation(1941-

    1945) Nothing much was changed Use of Japanese language in the schools

    Filipino children went to school to learn Japanesesongs & games

    Institutions of higher learning giving courses inagriculture, medicine, fisheries and engineeringwereestablished.

    Tagalog, PhilippineHistory, and CharacterEducation was reserved for Filipinos. Love for work and dignity of labor wasemphasized.

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    STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION

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    EDUCATION

    Formal Education (Public or Private)

    Basic education of 10 years

    Collegeeducation usually 4 years Non-Formal Education

    organized school-based educational activitiesaimed at attaining specific learning objectives for

    a particular clientele, especially the illiterateadults and out-of-school youths

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    Classes in Philippine schools start in June and

    end in March.

    Colleges and universities follow the semestralcalendar from June-October and November-March.

    Some private schools in the tertiary leveloffer tri-semesters.

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    FORMAL EDUCATION

    13-16

    7-12

    3-6

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    PRE-SCHOOL

    Optional

    curriculum focuses on

    Physical development Personal-social development

    Affective development

    Cognitive development

    Creative-aesthetic development

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    Area of development Activities No. of minutes

    Communication skills and socio-emotional development

    Sharing period (experiences,songs, poems, news and

    informal conversation

    10

    Cognitive development, socio-

    emotional development, physical

    development, creative development

    Self-selected activities 20

    Cognitive development, socio-

    emotional development

    Working period, including

    more structured activities

    45-60

    Physical development, creative

    development, socio-emotional

    development

    Supervised outdoor paly 30

    Personal-social development, health

    care

    Clean up and snack 30

    Physical development Rest 15

    Any of the areas of development Story time or indoor activities 15

    Total minutes 165-180

    Sampleprogrammeofpre-schoolactivities

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    ELEMENTARY

    compulsory ; pupils aged 7-12

    6 years of study except in a few schoolsmainly privateoffering aseven-year course

    two levels: primary (Grades I-IV) and intermediate (Grades V and VI (or

    VII)) Mission ofelementary education : to enable pupils to acquire a basic

    preparation that will make them an enlightened, disciplined, self-reliant,God-loving, creative, versatile and productive citizens in a nationalcommunity.

    Existing national curriculum, implementation and guidelines

    Actual implementation is determined by teachers

    Students are required to participate in co-curricular activities

    Inclusion of the use of ICTs, articulated in terms of skills in accessing,processing, and applying information, and using educational software insolving mathematical problems and conducting experiments.

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    Learning area Weekly time allocated to each subject (in minutes)

    I II III IV VI VII

    Filipino 400 400 400 300 300 300

    English 500 500 500 400 400 400

    Science (1) - - 200 300 300 300

    Mathematics 400 400 400 300 300 300

    Makabayan: (2) 300 300 300 500 600 600

    Civics and culture 300 300 300 - - -

    Social studies (3) - - - 200 200 200

    Home economics

    and livelihood

    - - - 200 200 200

    Values education, good

    manners and right conduct(5)

    Total weekly minutes 1,600 1,600 1,800 1,800 1,900 1,900

    Elementaryeducation:sampleweeklylessontimetable

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    TheNational Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) is anachievement test given to GradeVI pupils completing theelementary education course.

    Students at theelementary level are annually promoted fromone grade to the next provided that they meet the achievementstandards set for the grade.

    In Grades I-VI, students are rated in every subject four timesduring the year. A cumulative rating system is used as the basisfor promotion. The pass grade is 75 percent. The periodic ratingsare reported to the students and their parents through anindividual report card which provides for a brief narrativeevaluation of the students behaviour.

    In most public schools, they conduct a Recognition Program aftereach school year to honor the years top 15 performing students.Recognition are in the form of giving ribbons, certificates and/ormedals. For GradeVI students, aside from theRecognition

    Program, they also have their Graduation Day at theend of theschools year.

    Top performing students are honored as valedictorian (for thetop performer), salutatorian, first to third honorable mention (forthe third to fifth top performers), and with honors (for the sixthto tenth top performers).

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    SECONDARY

    Continuation of the basic education provided at the first level

    Expanded to include learning (general education) and training inbasic employable skills (vocational/technical education)

    Four years of formal schooling and is addressed to students aged13-16

    Prerequisite is completion ofelementary education. Themajor subject areas are science, mathematics, technology,

    Filipino, English, and civics/national culture.

    Technical and vocational education was adapted to technologicalprogress and employment needs in recent years.

    In selective schools, various languages may be offered aselectives, as well as other subjects such as computerprogramming and literary writing. Chinese schools have language and cultural electives. Preparatory

    schools usually add some business and accountancy courses, whilescience high schools have biology, chemistry, and physics at every level.

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    I II III IV

    Filipino language 300 300 300 300

    English language 300 300 300 300

    Science and technology (1) 300 300 300 300

    Mathematics 300 300 300 300Makabayan: (2) 780 780 780 780

    Social studies (3) 240 240 240 240

    Home economics,

    agriculture & fisheries,

    industrial arts, and

    entrepreneurship

    240 240 240 240

    Music, arts, physical

    education and health

    240 240 240 240

    Values education (4) 60 60 60 60

    Total weekly minutes 1,980 1,980 1,980 1,980

    Subject Weekly time allocated to each subject (in minutes)

    Secondaryeducation:sampleweeklylessontimetable

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    Secondary school students are rated four times a year. If astudent fails in a particular subject, he or she repeats the subjectthe next year, but is, nevertheless, promoted to the next higher

    year. A certificate is issued to secondary school graduates.

    All high school graduates seeking admission to post-secondaryprogrammes requiring a minimum of four years study arerequired to qualify in theNational College Entrance Examination(NCEE) administered by theNational Educational Testing andResearch Centre.

    Now there is no government-sponsored entranceexaminationfor tertiary education. Higher education institutions, both publicand private, administer their own College Entrance Examinations(CEE). Vocational colleges usually do not haveentranceexaminations, simply accepting the Form 138 record of studies

    from high school, and enrolment payment. During Graduation Day, the top performing students are also

    given medals, ribbons and certificates in honor of theirachievements.

    In assessing their learning achievement, fourth year high schoolstudents are required to take theNational Secondary

    Achievement Test (NSAT).

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    TERTIARY

    A student enters at age 16

    Higher education consists of collegiate,

    masters and doctorate degree programs invarious fields or disciplines including the post-secondary schooling leading to one-, two- or

    three-year non-degree technical or

    vocational courses.

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    Degrees and Diplomas for

    Undergraduate Level Certificate, Diploma and Associate Programs

    These titles are awarded upon completion of programsrequiring 3 months to 3 years of study.

    These are non-degree technical or vocational educationprograms leading to skills proficiency which are mostlyterminal in nature. Some one-, two-, and three-yearcourses are components of ladder-type bachelors degreeprograms.

    Bachelors Degree (Bachelor (B.), Bachelor of Arts

    (A.B.

    ),B

    achelor of Science (B.

    S.)) These titles are awarded upon completion of a minimum of

    four years of study on a semestral basis. Some programshowever, require more than four years of study. If ontrimester basis, the program may be completed in less thanfour years.

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    Degrees and Diplomas for

    Graduate Level Certificate and Diploma Programs

    These titles are awarded upon completion of one or two years ofstudy beyond the bachelors degreewhich are not equivalent to amasters degree.

    Masters degree (Master (M.),Master of Arts (M.A.),Master ofScience (M.S.),Master of Professional Studies (M.P.S.) These titles normally requires completion of four semesters of

    coursework, about two years in duration. Somemastersprograms require a thesis, some do not.

    Doctoral Degrees (Doctor (D.), Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)) These titles are awarded upon completion of two or three years

    of study beyond the masters degree. A dissertation is arequirement for graduation in the doctoral programs.

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    Fields of Study

    AgricultureEducation

    Business and Management Education

    Engineering and Architecture

    Health Profession Education

    Humanities, Social Sciences and Communication

    Information Technology

    Maritime Education Science and Mathematics

    Teacher Education

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    Study Programs

    The minimum required total number of creditsunits for four-year bachelors degree programsranges from 120 to about 190 units.

    For graduate programs, the minimum number ofcredit units are as follows: Masters program = 30 - 36 units (24 to 30 units of

    course work, inclusive of required common coresubjects of about 12 units, plus additional 6 units for

    thesis) Doctoral program = 45 - 60 units (inclusive of required

    common core subjects of 12 units or more and 12 unitsof doctoral dissertation)

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    Duration

    of Study

    Course programs Minimum number of

    years

    Undergraduate

    Science and Mathematics 4

    Humanities, Social Sciences and

    Communication

    4

    Information Technology 4

    Health-Related 4-5

    Medicine (4 yrs. baccalaureate + 4 yrs proper) 8

    Veterinary Medicine 6

    Dentistry (2 years pre-dental plus 4 years

    proper)

    6

    Engineering and Architecture 5

    Marine Engineering 4

    Business and Management 4

    Agriculture Education 4

    Teacher Education 4

    Law (4 yrs. baccalaureate + 4 yrs. proper) 8

    Criminology 4

    Graduate

    Masters program 2

    Doctoral program 3

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    Grading System

    Letter Meaning Grade Point Percentage

    A Excellent 1.00 97-100

    1.25 94-96

    A- Very good 1.50 91-93

    1.75 88-90

    B+ Good/above

    average

    2.00 85-87

    2.25 82-84

    B- Passed 3.00 75

    C Conditional Failure 4.00

    F Failure 5.00 Below 75W Withdrawn

    UW Unauthorized

    Withdrawal

    INC Incomplete

    NC No Credit

    DRP Dropped

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    Admission Requirements

    Generally, each higher education institution

    adopts a certain admission policy.

    Some institutions require passing theentranceexamination and medical examination.

    Some adopt open admission but selectiveretention.

    As part of the academic freedom being enjoyed bythe higher education institutions, it is their right todeterminewho shall be admitted to study.

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    SPECIAL EDUCATION

    Special education develops the capabilities ofchildren who are physically, mentally, emotionally,socially or culturally disabled as well as gifted

    children. Children with special needs are being attended to

    through modified curricula, special services andphysical facilities for the maximum development oftheir potential.

    Educational patterns for these children include thespecial class plan (self-contained/segregated plan),resource room plan, special education centres,special schools, and the itinerant teacher plan.

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    HOMESCHOOLING

    They permit study at the students own pace and allow a more flexibleschedule that enables the student to pursue work or other interestswhile studying.

    Homeschooling involves the teaching of children at home, usually bytheir parents. the parent-teacher is a college graduate and is able to provide at least 4 hours of

    instruction for kindergarten to 7th grade Parent-teachers may avail of school curricula, lesson plans, teacher-training, and

    instructional materials through DepEd accredited homeschooling programs The cost for these programs is considerably less than most traditional private

    schools.

    An open university utilizes open learning approaches in providingstudents with courses leading to a degree, certificate, or diploma.Internet technology and print materials are most often utilized, plus

    occasional face-to-face class sessions. While such an approach may limitsocial interaction, it is a viable alternative for working students,especially those living or working at some distance from the university.With theencouragement of theCommission on Higher Education(CHED), an increasing number of state and private institutions havebeen offering such programs since the 1990s.

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    NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

    Non-formaleducation is an organized learningactivity aimed at attaining a set of objectivesoutside theestablished formal system intended

    for a particular clientele, especially the out-of-school youth or adult illiterates who cannot availthemselves of formal education.

    Courses are skills-oriented and range from 6 to10 months.

    Non-formaleducation objectives cater directlyto the immediate and current needs of people,rather than preparing them for some futuregains.

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    NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

    The BALS implements two major programs : the BASIC LITERACYPROGRAM (BLP) for illiterates and ACCREDITATION andEQUIVALENCY (A&E) PROGRAM for elementary and secondary leveldrop-outs.

    The age limit is 13 years old and above for theelementary drop-out and15 years old and above for the high school drop-out. It also implements

    a wide array of other related programs and projects in partnership withlocal and international organizations.

    MobileTeacher Program was conceptualized as a means to bringeducation where the learners are.

    Due to lack of manpower in the implementation of ALS programs in thefield, the Bureau of Alternative Learning System requested for theservice of some formal school teachers to be designated as full-time

    District ALS Coordinator (DALSCs). Both MobileTeachers and District ALS Coordinator conduct intensive

    community-based learning sessions for illiterate out-of-school children,youths and adults and those who have not finished ten years of basiceducation.

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    ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT

    DepartmentofEducation (DepEd) principal government agency responsible for education

    and manpower development

    responsible for the formulation, planning,implementation and co-ordination of the policies,standards, regulations, plans, programmes and projects

    in areas of formal and non-formal education supervises all basic education institutions, both public

    and private, and provides for theestablishment andmaintenance of a complete, adequate and integratedsystem ofeducation relevant to the goals of nationaldevelopment.

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    BureauofElementaryEducation (BEE) responsible for providing access and quality elementaryeducation for all

    BureauofSecondaryEducation (BSE) responsible for providing access and quality secondaryeducation

    improves access to secondary education by establishing

    schools in municipalities where there are none and reviewsthe overall structure of secondary education as regardscurriculum, facilities, and teachers in-service training

    BureauofAlternative LearningSystems(BALS) mandated to address the needs of basic education of the

    out-of school youth and adults in the country particularly infar-flung and isolated communities, to raise the level ofliteracy in the target areas and improve thequality of life ofindividuals and families in remote and underservedcommunities

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    TechnicalEducationandSkillsDevelopmentAuthority(TESDA) encourages the full participation of and mobilize the industry, labour,

    local government units and technical-vocationaleducation and training(TVET) institutions in the skills development of the country's human

    resources formulates manpower and skills plans, sets appropriate skills standards

    and tests, coordinates and monitors manpower policies and programs,and provides policy directions and guidelines for resource allocation fortheTVET institutions in both the private and public sectors

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    CommissiononHigherEducation(CHED)

    independent and separate from theDepEd responsible for formulating and

    implementing policies, plans andprogrammes for the development andefficient operation of the system of

    higher education in the country coverage is both public and private

    higher education institutions as well asdegree-granting programmes in allpost-secondary educational

    institutions

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    FINANCING

    Public elementary schools, national secondary schools, vocational andtechnical schools, other special schools, and chartered and non-chartered tertiary educational institutions are funded primarily fromnational funds.

    Local governments areencouraged to assume the operation of non-

    national public schools, while the national government provides fundsand adequate sources of revenue. Government educational institutionsare allowed to receive grants, legacies, and donations for purposesspecified by existing laws. The management and use of such income issubject to government accounting and auditing rules and regulations.

    Private schools throughout the country are funded from capitalinvestments, equity contributions, tuition fees and other school charges,

    grants, loans, subsidies and other income sources in accordance withcurrent legislation. The national, regional, provincial, city and municipalgovernments may also aid school programs with loans, grants andscholarships to recognize the complementary role of the governmentand of private schools in theeducational system.

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    -end-

    -thank you-