Presentation on saarc

Presentation on SAARC & Nations

• Presented By:-Jatinder Singh

Saarc An IntroductionSaarc An IntroductionEstablished in 8Established in 8thth December 1985 at December 1985 at

DhakaDhakaFormed by 8 CountriesFormed by 8 CountriesAfghanistan Became it’s 8Afghanistan Became it’s 8thth member in member in

April, 2007April, 2007Headquarters- NepalHeadquarters- NepalSecretary- Dr.Sheel Kant SharmaSecretary- Dr.Sheel Kant Sharma

SAARC CountriesSAARC Countries

1.1. INDIA INDIA 2.2. NEPALNEPAL3.3. PAKISTANPAKISTAN4.4. SRI LANKASRI LANKA5.5. BANGLADESHBANGLADESH6.6. MALDIVESHMALDIVESH7.7. BHUTANBHUTAN8.8. AFGANISTANAFGANISTAN

REASONS FOR FORMATION OF REASONS FOR FORMATION OF SAARCSAARC

1.1. Central Location of Asia.Central Location of Asia.

2.2. Common features of Indian Subcontinent.Common features of Indian Subcontinent.

3.3. All Countries gained independence after second All Countries gained independence after second world war.world war.

4.4. All countries have some cultural background & All countries have some cultural background & History.History.

5.5. All countries from part of the third world.All countries from part of the third world.

6.6. The region is poor & over populated.The region is poor & over populated.

7.7. Predominance of agriculture.Predominance of agriculture.

8.8. Dependence of the economy on southwest monsoon.Dependence of the economy on southwest monsoon.

Objectives of SAARC

Primary Objectives

• Improve quality of life & welfare of people.

• Economic, social & cultural development.

• Contribute mutual trust & understanding.

• Strengthen cooperation among themselves & other Developing countries.

• Cooperate on issue like water resources.

Secondary Objectives

SAARC also looks in critical Areas like Poverty, Education, Culture,

Sport’s & Arts.

Position and Extent of SAARC CountriesPosition and Extent of SAARC Countries

Extends from 370 N to 42 S LatitudeExtends from 370 N to 42 S LatitudeExtends from 610 E to 970 E Extends from 610 E to 970 E

LongitudeLongitudeAfghanistan in the north & Maldives In Afghanistan in the north & Maldives In

the Souththe SouthPakistan in the West & Myanmar in the Pakistan in the West & Myanmar in the

EastEastThe total area of Continent of Asia The total area of Continent of Asia

Need to Include Afghanistan & Myanmar as an extension of Need to Include Afghanistan & Myanmar as an extension of south ASIAsouth ASIA

Afghanistan in the North West & Myanmar Afghanistan in the North West & Myanmar in the East.in the East.

Both Afghanistan & Myanmar have a hot Both Afghanistan & Myanmar have a hot wet rainy season.wet rainy season.

They Share the same history & polity as They Share the same history & polity as the rest of the subcontinent.the rest of the subcontinent.

ININDIDIAA

Saarc CountriesSaarc Countries

ININDDIAIA Seventh Largest country.Seventh Largest country. Second Most populous country.Second Most populous country. Extends from 80 N to 370 N Latitudes & 680 E to 970 E Extends from 80 N to 370 N Latitudes & 680 E to 970 E

Longitude.Longitude. It is bounded by three sides by Arabian Sea (west), It is bounded by three sides by Arabian Sea (west),

Ocean (South) and Bay of Bengal (East).Ocean (South) and Bay of Bengal (East). Shares Boundaries with Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Shares Boundaries with Pakistan, Afghanistan, China,

Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar & Bangladesh.Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar & Bangladesh. Separated from Sri Lanka by the Palk Strait.Separated from Sri Lanka by the Palk Strait. 8 Degree Channel separated India from Maldives and 8 Degree Channel separated India from Maldives and

Lakshadweep.Lakshadweep.

PAPAKISKISTANTAN

PAKISTAN

The Islamic Republic. Divided into East & West Pakistan. Iran in the west and Afghanistan in the

northwest. China in the north & India in the east & south

east. It takes 30 Minutes behind the India Standard

Time (IST). Has historical importance as all cultural.

Physical features Physical features ofof

PaPakiskistantan

Two physical division- the western Two physical division- the western Mountains-Mountains-

Baluchistan Plateau, Kirthar Mountain, Baluchistan Plateau, Kirthar Mountain, Sulaiman and Hindukush Mountains.Sulaiman and Hindukush Mountains.

Mountains Provide Natural boundary Mountains Provide Natural boundary Between Indian Subcontinent and rest of Between Indian Subcontinent and rest of Asia.Asia.

The Indus River BasinThe Indus River Basin

Pakistan Natural Resources

• Poor in natural Vegetation• Broad Leaved evergreen trees

like:- chestnut, deodar, chir, pine, fir and spruce on mountain.

• Water from Indus & Tributaries.

• Largest network of irrigation canals in the world.

• Main occupation is agriculture.

• Superior quality cotton grown in the dry irrigated lands.

• Other cash crops:- sugarcane, tobacco, oilseeds, and fruits.

• Dairy Products.• Wool for Carpet.• Skins for leather industries.• Not very rich in mineral

resources.• Reasonable reserve of coal,

iron, gold, mineral, limestone and rock salt.

• Dense network of road & railway’s.

SRISRILANKALANKA

Only 35 km from southernmost tip of Only 35 km from southernmost tip of mainland of India.mainland of India.

Pear Shaped Island country.Pear Shaped Island country.Extends from 60 N to 100 N latitude & 800 Extends from 60 N to 100 N latitude & 800

E to 820 E Longitude.E to 820 E Longitude.It follows Indian Standard Time.It follows Indian Standard Time.Surrounded by Indian ocean.Surrounded by Indian ocean.A chain of sand-banks-called Adam’s A chain of sand-banks-called Adam’s

bridge runs between India & Srilanka.bridge runs between India & Srilanka.

SRILANKA

SRILANKASRILANKAPhysicalPhysical Features Features

Known as “Pearl of the East” due to picturesque hills, Known as “Pearl of the East” due to picturesque hills, rivers, waterfalls, beaches and forests.rivers, waterfalls, beaches and forests.

South central Part is mountainous.South central Part is mountainous.

Pidurutalagala is the highest mountain peak.Pidurutalagala is the highest mountain peak.

Other important peak is Adams Peak.Other important peak is Adams Peak.

Rivers are short and swift flowing making waterfalls.Rivers are short and swift flowing making waterfalls.

BANBANGLAGLADESHDESH

BANBANGLAGLADESHDESH

BANGLADESH formerly East Pakistan.BANGLADESH formerly East Pakistan. Came into Existence in 1971.Came into Existence in 1971. Almost surrounded by India on three Almost surrounded by India on three

sides-west, north and east.sides-west, north and east. It hares boundaries with Myanmar in the It hares boundaries with Myanmar in the

southeast.southeast. To the south lies Bay of Bengal.To the south lies Bay of Bengal.

Bangladesh Bangladesh Physical FeaturesPhysical Features

• Vast low-lying alluvial plain of ganga- Bharamputra delta.

• Bharamputra is known as Jamuna in Bangladesh.

• After Bhramputra meets Ganga in Bangladesh, the joint stream is called Padma.

• Highest peak in Bangladesh is Keyokradong.

BANGLADESH BANGLADESH Natural Resources Natural Resources

&& Economic Activities Economic Activities

Costal Areas are marshy.Costal Areas are marshy.

Have mangrove forests.Have mangrove forests.

Rich in Wildlife and home to Royal Bengal Tiger.Rich in Wildlife and home to Royal Bengal Tiger.

Farming I important Economic activity.Farming I important Economic activity.

Other crops are :- tea, coconuts, pulses, sugarcane, Other crops are :- tea, coconuts, pulses, sugarcane, oilseeds, potatoes, betel leaves and tobacco.oilseeds, potatoes, betel leaves and tobacco.

Jute Processing is the most important industry.Jute Processing is the most important industry.

Land transport is not well developed.Land transport is not well developed.

NNEPEPALAL

NNEPEPALAL

The Kingdom of Nepal Also know as the The Kingdom of Nepal Also know as the Himalayan Kingdom.Himalayan Kingdom.

Land locked country between India (east, Land locked country between India (east, south & west) and China (south).south & west) and China (south).

Follows Indian Standard Time.Follows Indian Standard Time.

NEPALNEPALNatural ResourcesNatural Resources

1.Has Moist deciduous forest.1.Has Moist deciduous forest.

2.Soil is generally thin & Poor.2.Soil is generally thin & Poor.

Only 30% of the total land area is suitable for Only 30% of the total land area is suitable for agriculture.agriculture.

3. 80% of people are involved in agriculture.3. 80% of people are involved in agriculture.

4. Agriculture depends upon monsoon rains.4. Agriculture depends upon monsoon rains.

5. Difficult to develop transport in mountainous 5. Difficult to develop transport in mountainous areas.areas.

6. Poor railway network.6. Poor railway network.

BHUBHUTANTAN

BHUBHUTANTAN

Small Land lock country in eastern Small Land lock country in eastern Himalayan.Himalayan.

Located in India and China in the north Located in India and China in the north and west.and west.

Low population Density.Low population Density.

Bhutan Physical features

Bhutan has high Mountains.

Snow-covered peaks and narrow river valleys.

Physical Divisions are similar like Nepal.

Highest range is Gangar Punsum.

Bhutan Natural Resources Rich in forest & water Resources. 60% of the total area under thick forest. 90% of the people are farmers or herders. Main crops are :- Wheat, fruits and

vegetables. Minerals Like Limestone, coal, lead and Zinc. Difficult to develop transport and

communication due to mountainous terrain.

Maldives

MaMaldildivesves

One of the Smallest Nation in One of the Smallest Nation in the World.the World.

Smallest in Asia.Smallest in Asia. Divided into 19 administrative Divided into 19 administrative

units.units. Situated in Indian Ocean.Situated in Indian Ocean. The water bodies cover more The water bodies cover more

than 99% of the total area of the than 99% of the total area of the country.country.

MALDIVES MALDIVES Physical FeaturesPhysical Features

Maldives forms part of submarine Maldives forms part of submarine mountain range, associated with volcanic mountain range, associated with volcanic activity.activity.

Islands surrounded by sandy beaches and Islands surrounded by sandy beaches and clear lagoons.clear lagoons.

Highest point is wiling ill island.Highest point is wiling ill island.

MALDIVESEconomic & Natural resources

Fishing, tourism and shipping. Crops grown with the help of rain. Main crops are:- milltes, sweet potatoes & coconuts etc. Rice is not Cultivated but imported. Traditional industries are:- Boat- Building, mat- weaving, handicrafts

and other cottage industries. Air travel is increasing. Most people is living in small villages.

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