Presentation on Industrial Automation

7/26/2019 Presentation on Industrial Automation

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Presentation onIndustrial Automation

using PLC


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INTRODUCTION

The project mainly tells about theslicing o bread that is !ept on thecon"eyor belt#

An IR $%N$OR is placed &hich &illultimately sense the bread on thecon"eyor belt and energi'es the

slicing machine in order to perormthe tas!#


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(loc! Diagram )


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What is Automation?

Automationis the use o control systems andinormation technologies to reduce the need orhuman &or! in the production o goods andser"ices#

In the scope o industriali'ation* automation is astep beyond mechani'ation#

+hereas mechani'ation pro"ided human

operators &ith machinery to assist them &iththe muscular re,uirements o &or!* automationgreatly decreases the need or human sensoryand mental re,uirements as &ell#


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Need Of Automation It increases producti"ity and reduces cost#

Replacing human operators in tas!s that in"ol"e hardphysical or monotonous &or!#

Replacing humans in tas!s done in dangerous en"ironments-i#e# .re* space* "olcanoes* nuclear acilities* under&ater*etc#/

Perorming tas!s that are beyond human capabilities o si'e*&eight* speed* endurance* etc#

Automation is oten applied primarily to increase ,uality inthe manuacturing process* &here automation can increase,uality substantially#

Automation reduces po&er consumption and reduces manpo&er re,uirement#

Automation impro"es production ,uality#

Automation pro"ides saer &or!ing conditions#


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Components

PLC

IR $%N$OR

CON0%1OR (%LT 2OTOR

$2P$


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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

A programmable logic controller-PLC/ or programmable controlleris a digital computer used or

automation o electromechanicalprocesses# # Programs to controlmachine operation are typically

stored in battery3bac!ed or non3"olatile memory#


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PLC ADVANA!"

#maller ph$sical si%e than hard&'ire solutions

%asier and aster to ma!e changes#

PLCs ha"e integrated diagnostics ando"erride unctions#

Diagnostics are centrally a"ailable#

Applications can be immediatelydocumented#

Applications can be duplicated asterand less e4 ensi"el #


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COPON"N# O PLC


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PLC OP"*A+ON

There are our basic steps in theoperation o all PLCs 5

6# Input $can

7# Program $can

8# Output $can

9# :ouse!eeping


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(LOC; DIA


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#CADA

$CADA stands or $uper"isoryControl and Data Ac,uisition# It reersto an industrial control system) a

computer system monitoring andcontrolling a process


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#CADA #,#"


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#'itched ode Po'er #uppl$-

An electrical po&er supply that incorporates as&itching regulator to con"ert electrical po&ere>ciently#

It transers po&er rom a source* to a load* &hilecon"erting "oltage and current characteristics#


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Ad"antages o $2P$ o"er Linear Po&er$upplies)

6# Lo&er &eight 7# $maller si'e 8# :igher e>ciency 9# Lo&er po&er dissipation ?# +ide ac input "oltage range @# Reduced costs

Disad"antages o $2P$)6# Comple4ity o the circuit


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(loc! diagram o a $2P$

./ +nput recti0er stage- +t is used to con1ert an ac input to dc/ A

#P# 'ith dc input does not re2uire thisstage/ he recti0er produces unregulated dc'hich is then passed through the 0lter circuit/


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3/ +n1erter stage- he in1erter stage con1erts DC4 'hether directl$ from the

input or from the recti0er stage described abo1e4 to AC b$running it through a po'er oscillator4 'hose outputtransformer is 1er$ small 'ith fe' 'indings at a fre2uenc$ oftens or hundreds of 6ilohert%/

7/ Output transformer-- +f the output re2uired is to be isolated from input4 the

in1erted AC is used to dra' the primar$ 'indings of a high

fre2uenc$ transformer/ his con1erts the 1oltage up or do'n tothe re2uired output le1el on it8s secondar$ 'inding/

9/ Output recti0er-- +f the dc output is re2uired4 the ac output from the transformer

is recti0ed/

:/ *egulation-& eedbac6 circuit monitors the output 1oltage and compares it

'ith the reference 1oltage/

. +n our pro;ect 'e are using the #P# to con1ert ac to 39 1dc4'hich is then used as the po'er suppl$ for plc/


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IR $%N$OR

Inrared sensor is used to sense the object#

An emitter is simply an IR led #

The detector is simply an IR photodiode *

senseti"e to the light o same &a"elength usedby the IR L%D#

+hen IR light alls on the photodiode* Theresistances and the output "oltages* change in

proportion to the magnitude o the light recei"edby the IR sensor

The output o the sensor &ill acts as input o theplc or controlling #


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$harp


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=eatures

Operating "oltage) 9#? 0 to ?#? 0

A"erage current consumption) 67 mA

Distance measuring range) 9 cm to8 cm

Update period) 6@#? 9 ms

The


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D#C# 2OTOR

6# IN$I


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IN$I


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%ET%RNAL $TRUCTUR%


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OUT%R (OD1 O=


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R%AR 0I%+ O= D#C#2OTOR


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INT%RNAL $TRUCTUR%

On opening the outer plastic casing o thegear head* gear assemblies on the top as &ellas on bottom part o the gear head are "isible#

These gear assemblies are highly lubricated&ith grease so as to a"oid any sort o &earand tear due to rictional orces# $ho&n belo&is the top part o the gear head# It isconnected to rotating shat and has one gearthat allo&s the rotation# A strong circularimprint sho&s the presence o the gear thatrotates the gear at the upper portion#


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(OTTO2


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$TRUCTUR% %EPLANATION

The gear assembly is set up on t&ometallic cylinders &hose &or!ing canbe called as similar to that o an a4le#

A total o three gears combine onthese t&o cylinders to orm thebottom gear assembly out o &hich

t&o gears share the same a4le &hileone gear comes in bet&een themand ta!es a separate a4le#


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The gears are basically in orm o asmall sproc!et but since they are notconnected by a chain* they can betermed as duple4 gears in terms o asecond cog arrangement coa4ially

o"er the base# Among the threegears* t&o are e4actly same &hilethe third one is bigger in terms o

the number o teeth at the upperlayer o the duple4 gear# The thirdgear is connected to the gear at the

upper portion o the gear head# The


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CO2(INATION O=


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+OR;IN

Presentation on Industrial Automation

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