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Learning from Nature: Biologically-Inspired Sensors taking inspiration from nature to solve sensing problems Dedy H.B. Wicaksono INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS
53

Presentasi IPTEK 3

Mar 27, 2015

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Page 1: Presentasi IPTEK 3

Learning from Nature:

Biologically-Inspired Sensorstaking inspiration from nature to solve sensing problems

Dedy H.B. Wicaksono

INSPIRING CREATIVE AND INNOVATIVE MINDS

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CASE 1

Source: Wikimedia Commons

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CASE 3

Source: Detik Foto (upper left image), and Elshinta.com (lower right image)

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CASE 4

Source: Ndyteen (left) and detik.com (right)

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CASE 5

Source: Dubois, L., J. de Lange, et al. (2010). "Excessive bleeding in the floor of

the mouth after endosseus implant placement: a report of two cases." International

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 39(4): 412-415.

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CASE 6

Source: Wikimedia Commons

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CASE 7

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What is the Problem?

Sensors could be part of the solution. Then

what information needs to be sensed, why,

and how?

Providing appropriate necessary

information at appropriate time for the

appropriate persons

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OVERVIEW

•What are Sensors? Why is it necessary?

• Biomimetics-Bioinspired-Bionics?

Bio-inspired Sensors?

• Biological Sensors and Bio-inspired Sensors

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a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument

[Wikipedia]

Sensor is a type of transducer, converting one energy (or rather

information) form into another readable, processable form.

a device or organ that detects certain external stimuli and responds in a distinctive manner

[Wiktionary]

DEFINITION

Sensors?

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Sensors?

your window to your surrounding!

DEFINITION

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Biomimetic-Bionics-Bioinspiration?

• The development of product inspired by

specific design in nature.

• To take a particular ideas of solving

problems from nature, and implementing

the ideas to solve ‘real world’ engineering

problem.

FUNCTION!!

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Bio-inspiration

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Sensors inspired from Biological Sensory Organs found in Life/Nature

(Sensitive, Adaptive, Robust, and Redundant)

• Structural Biomimetics

• Processing Biomimetics

BIO-INSPIRED SENSORS

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Biological and Artificial Sensors

• Ionic

• Stochastic

• Making use of noise

• Adaptive

• Redundant

• Robust

• Hierarchical

• Electronic or Optic

• Deterministic

• Get rid of the Noise!

• Mostly set for

particular conditions

• Essential

components

• Fragile

• One-level

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Mechanical

Flow and Vibration

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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• Flexible cuticular “hair” arise from innervated

socket

• Develop from epidermal cells

– trichogen cell forms hair

– tormogen cell forms socket

– sensory neuron

• single dendrite at the hair base

• axon travels to the ganglion

Sensory neurons respond to the

movement of the hair

by firing impulses at a frequency

related to the extend of deflection

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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From the group of Gijs Krijnen, Twente Universiteit

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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From Chang Liu’s group UIUC

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Mechanical

Strain-Stress for Proprioception

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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• Proprioceptors (self-perception receptors)

– Hair plate at joints or neck in contact with adjacent

body part

• relative position of body part

• detection of gravity

– Campaniform sensilla

• detect stress on the cuticle

• distortion (halteres)

– Internal stretch receptors

• detect distension of organs

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Field of hairs at wing base in cockroach

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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From Matushkina, N., and Gorb, S., J. of

Insect Physiology 48 (2002) 213-219

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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The Campaniform Sensillum – Dome-shaped Membrane-in-Recess

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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The Campaniform Sensillum – Dome-shaped Membrane-in-Recess

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Scolopidium

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Slit Sensilla and

Lyriform organ of the

whip spider

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Mechanical

Dynamic acceleration

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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The Haltere

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Halteres Hammer-shaped Pillar

Muscles &

Mechano-receptorsDrive & Sense Electrodes

Nerve Control-loop Interface Electronics

The Haltere

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Halteres Beating Swinging Motion

The Haltere

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The Haltere

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Electromagnetic

Infrared Radiation

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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• Boid snakes, vampire bats

• Forest fire-seeking beetle (Melanophila

acuminata)

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

Qgen = generated heat [W/m3]kth = thermal conductivity [W/mK]cth = thermal capacity [J/kgK]r = density [kg/m3]

Parabolic temperature profile with maximum in the centre:

Maximum temperature at centre:

Only heat conduction!

Thermal time constant:

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

• Simulations confirm analytical formulas

• For membranes >100 mm other heat transfer phenomena than conduction play an important role

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Sen

sit

ivit

y [

K/W

/cm

2)]

Membrane Sidelength [mm]

Analytically Calculated Sensitivity for d=1000 nm

Numerically Simulated Sensitivity for d=1000 nm

Analytically Calculated Sensitivity for d=600 nm

Numerically Simulated Sensitivity for d=600 nm

Experimentally obtained Sensitivity d = 600 nm

Analytically Calculated Sensitivity for d = 300 nm

Numerically Simulated Sensitivity for d = 300 nm

Analytically Calculated Sensitivity for d=100 nm

Numerically Simulated Sensitivity for d=100 nm

Analytically Calculated Sensitivity for d=50 nm

Numerically Simulated Sensitivity for d=50 nm

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

1

2

3 467 89

10

11

12

Patent Pending EP Appl No. 07120507.4

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Hierarchical Nature of Information

Processing

Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

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Biological and Bio-inspired Sensors

Supra-Molecular Level!!

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CONCLUSIONS

• Nature can provide inspiratios for possible solutions

to sensing problems

• Information processing in nature happens at various

physical domains at multiple scale

• Taking inspiration from nature should be based on

sound scientific and engineering knowledge to

understand the basic mechanism

• Challenges include limitation in current fabrication

technology and embedded neural-like processing

• The possibilities are endless…