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Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Apr 12, 2017

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OrisysIndia
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Page 1: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)
Page 2: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

PRECISION FARMINGPast – Present - Future

Page 3: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

About Precision Farming• Precision agriculture (PA) also called Satellite farming (SF) OR Site specific crop

management (SSCM).• Based on : observing, measuring and responding to inter and intra-field variability in

crops.• Identifies critical factors where yield is limited by controllable factors and determines

intrinsic variability.• Record variations in crop or soil properties within a field which forms the basis for taking

management decisions.

Page 4: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Why do we need Precision Farming• Increased Land degradation.• Depletion of Water resources.• Reduced availability of labour.• Better management of large scale crops. • Socio economic need for enhanced productivity • Minimum use of land, water and time.• To reduce environment pollution due to use of fertilizers and chemicals.• Alleviate poverty by enhancing quality of life and attaining food security.• Need for a technology enabled revolution to convert 2/3rd of the arable rain fed

land for greater productivity.

Page 5: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Challenges on Implementing PF• Lack of technical knowledge and technological expertise.• Small plots or clusters of land.• Higher costs in fetching PF systems.• Poor penetration to Internet availability.• Illiteracy rate high in the country.

Page 6: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

How is it done?Remote and In-field Sensing

Satellite ImageryAerial Photography

Electrical Conductivity (EC)In-field Infrared

Chlorophyll MetersCrop Height Monitoring

Page 7: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Satellite Imagery• Spectral imagery from satellite.• Not available to every one due to legal regulations or

protected by law.• Cost for purchasing the images from satellite service

providers is high.• Not precise and real time data not available.• Images will be shot at different times.• Outdated images will be provided – real time capturing

not feasible.• Distortion may happen due to clouds or other factors.• Moving satellites from time to time and from place to

place with respect to requirements is not feasible.• Targets cannot be locked for multiple locations using

satellite.• Data cannot be fetched as and when required by

farmers.• Cost of establishment and maintenance for regular is too

high.

Page 8: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Photogammetry with UAV• Real time geographic area modelling-

terrain can be modelled on a computer as such.

• Aerial surveying provides data related to: Degradation / Erosion of soil Extend of pollution Data on growth / degradation of

crops• Deriving the geographic pattern in 2D/3D

for terrain analysis and planning.• Simulated video generation from terrain

analysis for crop investigative purposes. • Flood detection, crop cultivation and

management, accident recreation etc. can be done.

Page 9: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

• Comparatively lower cost with respect to satellite imagery.

• Flight chart can be configured manually in accordance with the needs.

• Anytime change in flight paths.• Concentrating a particular area for any

number of time and for many hours/days possible.

• No limits or separate access fee required compared to satellite feeds.

• No Govt. orders or sanctions required.• Effective use of Artificial intelligence

makes data delivery in real time.• Real time monitoring of data and maps.• Generates Orthomosaic and 3D models for

extraction of data outputs.

Page 10: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

SIFT Feature Extraction• SIFT – Scale Invariant Feature Transform is an

algorithm to detect and describe local features in images.

• It describes an object by taking points on it and then use those characteristics to locate the object from a group of moving objects.

• Used in : Object recognition, Robotic mapping, Navigation, Image stitching for mapping, 3D modelling, Gesture recognition, Video tracking, Match moving etc.

Page 11: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

• Image stitching – means combining multiple photos with overlapping fields to produce a panoramic HD/3D view.

• Applied in MEDICAL IMAGING.• Video Tracking - Locating a moving

object and tracking its course using a camera.

Page 12: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

RANSAC Outlier Detection

• Estimates parameters of a mathematical model from a set of observed data which contains a model parameter.

• A model parameter will be established and the result of aerial observation will be cross checked with this model to find erroneous measurements or incorrect hypothesis.

Page 13: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

• Used to solve LDP(Location Determination Problem) where the use is to determine the points in space that project on to an image into a set of landmarks with known locations.

Page 14: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

AFFINE Transformation Technique

Affine transformation is used to correct for geometric distortions or deformations that occur with non-ideal camera angles.

Page 15: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

GEMS & Multispectral Imaging• State of the art

air-vehicle camera for collecting visible and near infrared imagery for precision agriculture

Page 16: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

To bring a change ?• Co-operative movement in agriculture.• Co-operative markets.• Farmer Clubs.• Pilot projects.• Intrinsic research and adaptation of technical knowhow from other countries.• Government initiation and promotion for smart technology on field.• On field training and trainers on pan country scene.• Regulations in Rules and Acts. (Use of Drones and Satellite Imagery is

prohibited)

Page 17: Precision Farming / Satellite Farming (SSCM)

Advantages• Increase in productivity using frontier technologies without damaging the

quality of land and water• Pan nation wide techno-green revolution as the need of the hour.