PHYSICS TALK SMKTP 2011

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ATTITUDE

PROACTIVE, POSITIVE THINKING, PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY HEALTHY .

Read

Take note

Recall Revision

Evaluate

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BEFORE EXAM, DURING EXAM

TIME MANAGEMENT ?2

Hajah Rokiah Hj Othman smktp2011

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Skills In Physics3

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physics

Examination papers

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Physics Assessments Format SPM 2011

Paper 1 - 4531/1Paper 2 - 4531/2Paper 3 - 4531/3

Peka physics 4531/4

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WHAT TO LEARN?

MASTERING THE TOPICS AND THE SYLLABUS

STYLE OF LEARNING

SYLLABUS

1. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

2. FORCES AND MOTION

3. FORCES AND PRESSURE

4. HEAT

5. LIGHT

6. WAVE

7. ELECTRIC

8. ELECTROMAGNETISM.

9. ELECTRONIC

10.RADIOACTIVE

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QUESTION ELEMENTS

• Knowledge• Understanding • Applications of knowledge • Problem solving• Conceptualization • Decision making

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KNOWLEDGE

An ability to recall back or to identify specific matters in the contents of Physics for example facts, concepts, principles, theory and laws.

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KNOWLEDGE

conceptFacts

principles

Theory laws

SUMMARY

MASTER AND EXPLORE IT THEN YOU`LL UNDERSTAND PHYSICS BETTER

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Example of knowledge questions

• What is meant by displacement?

• What is meant by resistance?• What is meant by speed? • What is meant by pressure?• What is meant by momentum?• (a) What does the term isotope mean? • What is meant by power?

Path taken /distance in a specific direction.

Ratio of voltage to the current flows in a conductor//

R =V/I states the meaning of the symbols,

R= resistance, V = voltage, I = current,

V = IR, R = V/I

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1. Diagram 1 shows a slinky spring being moved left and right

continuously

(a)Complete the sentence below by ticking (x) the correct box.The wave produced by the slinky is a

Transverse wave -------Longitudinal wave ------- [1 mark]

x

(b) On Diagram 1, mark ‘X’ on any one of the crests of the wave. [1 mark]

x

Q1

x

SPM 2008 Q1

(c) complete the following sentence by underlining the correct phrase in the bracket.The direction of the hand movement is ( the same as/ perpendicular to the direction of the wave movement)

[1 mark](d) What is transferred by the wave? ……………..Energy

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2006 - What type of wave is the sound waves?

[1 mark]- What is meant by magnetic field?

[1mark ]A region of magnetic force

Longitudinal wave

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(b) Draw the position of the second glass prism at A(c) complete the ray path in the instrument above

(a) Name the optical instrument P?

periscope

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Impulsive force

High force/ High energy/Hard surface

SPM 2009 Q2

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Momentum = mass x velocity

= 0.05 kg x 5 m/s

= 0.25 kgm/s

Put sponge / plasticine on the wooden block

SPM 2009 Q2

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Reflection

Virtual // laterally invertedSPM 2008 Q2

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The action of gravitational force on mass //W = mg , w= weight, m= mass, g = gravitational force

2

Upthrust force // buoyant force

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4. Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show two photographs of

electrical circuits.

Q3

(a) Which diagram shows a parallel circuit?

…………………………………………… [1 mark]

Diagram 3.2

SPM 2008 Q3

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5 Diagram 7.1 shows a hydraulic system. A force F is exerted on the small piston.

• (a)(i) Name the principle involved in this hydraulic system.

• ……………………………………….[1 mark]• (ii) Compare the pressure at point P and at point Q.• Same // equal // P = Q // Pp = PQ // no difference

…………………………….[1 mark]

Q7

Pascal’s principle // pascal Rej : wrong spelling

Rej : serupa // setara // simillar SPM 2008 Q7

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7.

State the energy change involved when using the heater to heat the water.

…………………………………………… [1 mark]

SPM 2008 Q8

Electrical energy to heat energy

Hajah Rokiah Hj Othman smktp2010

7.

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(a)Name the light phenomenon involved at Y. [1 mark]

SPM 2008 Q11

…………………………………………… [1 mark]Total internal reflection

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Number of complete oscillation in one second

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Region X is deeper than region Y

Wave length of region X is longer than region Y

The deeper the depth the longer the wave length

Refraction

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Understanding Element

• Understanding concept and principle of physics:the ability to interpret, translate, extrapolate and understand concept or principles in physics fields which involve the use of knowledge without new situation and do not require explanation about the implications towards the knowledge

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Pressure decreases Pressure is directly proportional to depth

Boyle’ law

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(C) (iii) One of the 10 Ω resistors is removed from the circuit. What happens to the ammeter reading?

. [1 mark]

Decreases // smaller // reduce // less // lower // less than 2A

Q3

SPM 2008 Q3

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(e) Figure 6.1 shows the arrangement of the apparatus for an experiment to study a wave phenomenon.

(i) Figure 6.2 shows the bright and dark bands of the wave pattern formed on the screen when plane waves pass through narrow and wide gaps.

[4 marks](ii) Observe Figure 6.2. Compare the wave patterns and the wavelengths of the waves before and after they pass through the gaps. Relate the size of the gaps, the wave patterns and the wavelengths to deduce a relevant physics concept.

[5 marks ]

Q 10Section B 2005

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(a)(i) Explain how the dark and light bands are formed on the screen.

[4] (ii) Observe Figure 6.2. Compare the

wave patterns and the wavelengths of the waves before and after they pass through the gaps. Relate the size of the gaps, the wave patterns and the wavelengths to deduce a relevant physics concept. [5]04/08/2023

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10 (a) (i) 1 (region ) crest /convex shape / convex lens

1 Light is focussed on the crest produce bright region

1 (region ) trough /concave shape / concave lens

C 1 Light is diverged on the trough produce dark region

No need to labelled diagram

Labelled diagram

Labelled diagram

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Eg. Labeled diagram

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Understanding

• Before a football tournament, the ball to use in the game must have a suitable pressure. Explain why a ball with less pressure is not suitable for the football tournament.

[3 marks]

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Suggested answer• Ball with a suitable pressure have

small/ less reaction time • So the impulsive force is greater,

• And the ball can goes further

F =(mv – mu)

t

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(d) Diagram 10.3 shows two thin copper strips, PQ and RS connected to a circuit

Explain what happens to PQ and RS, when the switch is on. [4 marks]

Q 10

1 - When current flows the magnetic field is formed // Diagram

2 –The flow of current is in the apposite direction // Diagram

3 – The magnetic field between the two plates are in the same direction // Diagram

4 – The two pieces of thin copper repulse against one another // Diagram

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Mark given on diagram

ForceForce

1 - When current flows the magnetic field is formed // Diagram 2 –The flow of current

is in the apposite direction // Diagram

3 – The magnetic field between the two plates are in the same direction // Diagram

4 – The two pieces of thin copper repulse against one another // Diagram

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Knowledge Applicationcriteria

• Use knowledge to explain clearly

• Use method, concept, theory in new situation

• Solve problem using knowledge and understanding

Example of key words:• Apply • Show ,complete,• explain• Solve• modify• Relate • Change • Classified • Picturised • Illustrate • Calculate • Sketch /draw04/08/2023

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image

Q2 SPM 2008 Q204/08/2023

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1- Sin c = 1/ n // sin c glass = // sin c diamond =

2- c glass = 41.8 0 (sehingga 41.8103) and c diamond = 24.4 0 (sehingga 24.4075) (Remark: Mesti ada kedua2 nilai)

SPM 2008 Q11

In glass:1- Draw ray from glass refract away from normalIn diamond:2- Draw total internal reflection3- Draw another 2 total internal

reflection

Calculate the critical angle of diamond and of glass [ 2 marks]

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Diagram 3.3 shows an electrical circuit. Assume that the internal resistance of the battery is negligible.

• Calculate the effective resistance of the circuit.

[2 marks]

Method : 1-show how to calculate the effective resistance in parallel circuit

2 – how to get effective resistance in the circuit

ohmx

51010

1010

1Ω + 5 Ω = 6 Ω

What is the reading of the ammeter?

[1 mark] A26

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2 (a) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

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The distance in figure 6.2 is further / vice versa

The work done by the pupil in figure 6.2 is higher / vice versa

W = 20 x 0.5 = 10 Nm // J

(b) (i) 1 As the energy increases the distance of projection increases / vice versa

(ii) 1 The energy conservation principle

(c) (i)

(ii)

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The time is the same

The falling height is the same / the mass does not influence the time of fall

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• The ability to reason by identifying and analysing common characteristics or variables involve, and synthesis the common characteristic or relation with variables to create a physics concept..

CONCEPTUALISATION ELEMENT

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CONCEPTUALISATION ELEMENTCRITERIA • - list common characteristics

correctly• - classify or explain common

characteristic or variables correctly

• - relate characteristic and variables to create concept correctly with identical justification.

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Observe Figure 6.2. Compare the wave patterns and the wavelengths of the waves before and after they pass through the gaps. Relate the size of the gaps, the wave patterns and the wavelengths to deduce a relevant physics concept. [5]

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10 (a) (ii) 1 Wave length does not change /same / constant (before and after the waves....)

2 Before passing (front ) is a plain wave /straight

3 (front ) wave (in both situations) curved / dispersed after passing the gaps

4 Wide gap less curve and when passing through a narrow gap the wave is spherical / round /

5 The smaller the gap the more curve the wave // vice versa

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• The ability of using knowledge , scientific skills and thinking skills to solve physics problem by

• Scientific and non scientific investigation

• Qualitatively and • Quantitatively with systematic

and well planned

Problem solving

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ELEMENT : PROBLEM SOLVING IN A QUALITATIVE WAY

The ability to solve qualitative problems in a systematic and organized manner

Paper 2 Section A No.7

Section B No. 9 (c), No. 10 (c)

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Example 1You are given two pieces of plane mirror measuring 5 cm x 6 cm to

make a periscope.

(i) Using these mirrors and other materials, describe how you would make a periscope. (4 marks)

1.Material to make the box – cardboard/manila card/plywood

2.Holes for light to enter and leave the periscope

3.Correct positions of mirrors – facing the holes

4.Placing mirrors at angle of 45 °

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Problem solving

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Small incubator Incubator for 200

eggs

Problem solving

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• The ability to choose best solving alternative for a problem referring to certain criteria to achieve the objective.

• The aspects of identifying, analysing and evaluating all problem solving alternatives to choose suitable alternative with the objective for making decision and state decision justification that have been taken.

DECISION MAKING ELEMENT

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ELEMENT : MAKING DECISIONS

The ability to identify objectives, analyse and assess all alternatives to solving a problem, choosing the most suitable alternative and justifying the choice made

Paper 2 Section A No. 8

Section C No. 11, No.12

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Push or Pull ?

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Paper 2 Section AExample 1

Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2

(a)On Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2, indicate and label :

(i) the direction of force F exerted by the gardener on the handle of each wheelbarrow to make it move ;

(ii) the direction of the vertical component FY of the force in (a) (i).

(b)(i) Based on the answers in (a) (i) and (a) (ii), which of the way is more suitable on a muddy road?

(ii) Explain the reason for your answer in (b) (i).

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Example 1 Answers

(b) (i) The way used in Figure 1.2 (pulling) is more suitable to be used on a muddy road. (ii) When the wheelbarrow is pulled, the force component FY acts upwards. The resultant force (W – F Y) downwards is smaller.

Fy

FF

Fy

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Encik Ahmad will be taking part in a four-wheel drive expedition to Taman Negara. In the expedition, he will have to drive through a hilly and unpaved area, and to cross streams.

Table 1 shows the characteristic of vehicles that can be used in the expedition characteristicvehicles

Mass/Kg Engine Capacity

(cc) / cm3 Types of engine

Diameter of tyres/mm

P 3000 2000 Diesel 800

Q 1000 1500 Petrol 400

R 2000 2500 Diesel 600

S 1800 2000 petrol 500

T 1500 2500 petrol 500

You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the four wheel drive that can be used in the expedition.Based on the table as shown in Table 1;(I) Explain the suitability of each characteristics of

the vehicles in the table above (ii) Determine the most suitable vehicle to

participate in the expedition.

[ 10 marks ]

Would you like to try the decision making question?

Example 2

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Study the given characteristics

characteristicvehicles

Mass/Kg Engine Capacity

(cc) / cm3 Types of engine

Diameter of tyres/mm

P 3000 2000 Diesel 800

Q 1000 1500 Petrol 400

R 2000 2500 Diesel 600

S 1800 2000 petrol 500

T 1500 2500 petrol 500

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Section C (Decision Making)

• DON’T WRITE THE CRITERIA FOR ALL THE CHOICE GIVEN IN THE QUESTION

• DON’T STATE VALUE• DON’T COMPARE BETWEEN THE CRITERIA

NOTE:

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Section C (Decision Making)

• DO WRITE EACH CRITERIA FOR THE CHOSEN SUBJECT

• DO STATE THE CHARACTERISTIC AS HIGH / LOW /LARGE /SMALL

• DO THE JUSTIFICATION BY REPEATING ALL THE CHARACTERICS OF THE CHOSEN SUBJECT.

NOTE:

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You may answer in table formCharacteristics Reason

Large Mass more stable across the stream

High Engine Capacity More powerful on hilly and unpaved road

Types of engine-Diesel Cheaper and economic

Diameter of tyres Large

Choose R

Increases surface area produce less pressureLarge mass, High Engine Capacity , use diesel and has large diameter of tyres

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A new harbour is to be built at a new location. The suggested new location is either at a bay or a cape. Four models for the structure of the retaining wall are given. Table 12 shows the location and the characteristics of the four retaining wall

Explain the best location and the suitability of each characteristic in Table 12. Determine the most suitable retaining wall to be used. Give reasons for your choice.

[ 10 marks ]

SPM 2008 Q12

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Study the given characteristics

SPM 2008 Q12

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You may answer in table formCharacteristics Reason

Location …………..

Structure of retaining wall

Surface of retaining wall………………………

Height of retaining wall……………………..

Bay

Sloping

Uneven surface

High retaining wall

calmer // waves energy smaller

speed decrease // wavelength decrease

absorb energy // reduce energy

protect from high wave // prevent water from overflowing

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PHYSICS 2

• PAPER 2 , CODE 4531/2• Questions consists of three sections• SECTION A –STRUCTURED QUESTION: 8

COMPULSORY QUESTIONS• SECTION B – ESSAY QUESTION : 2

QUESTION (CHOOSE ONE)• SECTION C – ESSAY QUESTION : 2

QUESTION (CHOOSE ONE)

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PAPER 2 (4531/2)• Type of Instrument : Subjective Test• Type of Item : Subjective Items • Number of Questions : Section A : 8 structured questions (Answer all) Section B : 2 (Choose one) Section C : 2 (Choose one)• Total Marks : 100• Duration of Test : 2 hr 30 min• Elements Assessed Knowledge, Understanding,

Application, Problem Solving (Qualitative, Quantitative), Conceptualization, Making Decisions

• Things to Bring : Scientific Calculator

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CONCEPTUALISING

PROBLEM SOLVING

DECISION MAKING

compare

modify

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PAPER 3 (4531/3)• Type of Instrument : Written Practical Test• Number of Questions : Section A : 2 (Answer both) Section B : 2 (Choose 1 )• Total marks : 40• Duration of Test : 1 hr 30 minutes• Element assessed : Problem Solving through scientific investigation (experimenting)• Things to bring : Scientific calculator, Protractor, Ruler 30 cm, Compass

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PHYSICS 3

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PHYSICS 3 Take readings (measure / read scale) Tabulate results Plot a graph State the relationship

Graph shown - extrapolate / intrapolate Calculate the gradient Calculate related quantities State precautions

Observe the diagrams State an inference State a hypothesis Describe experiment, stating aim, variables, apparatus and materials, set-up, procedure, table of data, analyzing the data

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Paper 3 Question 2

• You have to draw a graph• Construct V Peka physics• To determine the gradient of the graph

Analyzing the Data Graph

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Smooth graph

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Don’t join the points of the graph

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Analyzing the Data Graph

State how the data is analyzed to make a conclusion

quantity / unit

quantity / unit

Manipulated

variable

Responding

variable

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GraphExample

Extension e / mm

Force F / N0

Uniform scale ( not odd)

Best fitstraight line

Minimum size 8cm X 10 cm

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Graph Best Fit Straight Line

Example 1

Time/s

Distance/m

Graph of distance against time

Title

Approximately equal number of points on both sides of the line

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Graph : Best Fit Straight Line Example 2

Correct graph

Not the best fit line

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GraphExtrapolating a graph

Extrapolation is producing a straight line graph in order to estimate a value beyond the range of experimental values

Example 1

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ExtrapolationExample 2

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ExtrapolationExample 2

E.m.f. = 1.5 V

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Gradient of the graph

-Sufficiently large triangle - 8 cm X 8 cm- State value of the gradient with correct unit.

The gradient of the graph is?

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GraphDetermining the gradient of a graph

Gradient of a graph = Δ y Δ x

Gradient = 16 m s-1

20 s

= 0.8 m s-2

Draw a big right-angled triangle on the graph paper

Show working

Answer plus unit

8 cm x 8 cm

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Making a ConclusionExample

1. The extension is directly proportional to the force

2. The period of oscillation of a pendulum is directly proportional to the square root of its length

3. The mass is inversely proportional to the period of an inertial balance

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Graph conclusions

Linearly increase

Linearly decrease

Directly propotional

Inversely propotional

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State the precautions should be taken

• The circuit connections must be tight• Off the switch after taking the reading of the

meters. • Make sure the amplitude of oscillation is small.• Eye must be perpendicular to the scale taken • Ensure that the object, lens and screen are placed

vertically

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Let’s explore physics 2

Question 1 – knowledge& understandingQuestion 2, 3 & 4 – knowledge, understanding, application

Question 5 & 6– knowledge , understanding , conceptualisation

Question 8– knowledge, application,decision making

Question 7– knowledge , understanding , application,problem solving

SECTION A : structured questions

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BERUSAHA DAN BERTAQWA AGAR CEMERLANG DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT.

HAJAH ROKIAH HAJI OTHMAN,smsc,physics,Julai09