Physics p3 Experiment

Physics Paper 3 - Section B

1

SPM 2011

MODUL LATIHAN BERSEPADU

PHYSICS 4531/3

Complied by :-

EN ADNAN SHAMSUDIN

GURU CEMERLANG FIZIK

Dengan Kerjasama :-

PANITIA FIZIK

SMK SULTAN ISMAIL JOHOR BAHRU.

PAPER 3

Marking Scheme Included


2

CHAPTER 2

1. Diagram 3 shows two catapults A and B made from same

catapult rubber. Difference forces are applied on the

catapults.

Base on the information and observation above:

(a) State one suitable inference.

[1 mark]

(b) State one suitable hypothesis.

[1 mark]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as spring, retort stands

and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework

to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

(i) The aim of the experiment

(ii) The variables in the experiment

(iii) The list of apparatus and materials

(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus

(v) The procedure of the experiment.

(vi) Describe how to control the manipulated variables

and how to measure the responding variables.

(vii) The way to tabulate the data.

(viii) The way to analyse the data

[10 marks]

2. A boy pushes the boxes along a level walkway as shown in

Diagram 3.1. The boy experiences that the boxes on trolley

move slowly. When the boy removes two of the boxes as

shown in Diagram 4.2, he experiences that the trolley move

faster than before although the same force was applied, 8 N.

Based on the information and obsevation above :


[1 mark]


[1 mark]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a trolley, ticker timer,

ticker tape, elastic cord and other apparatus, describe an

experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis

stated in 4(b). In your description, state clearly the

following :

(i) The aim of the experiment

(ii) The variables in the experiment

(iii) The list of apparatus and materials

(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus

(v) The procedure of the experiment.

(vi) Describe how to control the manipulated variables

and how to measure the responding variables.

(vii) The way to tabulate the data.

(viii) The way to analyse the data

[10 marks]

CHAPTER 3

3. A man who is fishing, pulled out a fish out of the water as

shown in Diagram 3.1. It becom es more difficult to pull out

the fish out of the water and the rod is getting bender in

Diagram 3.2.

Diagram 3.1 Diagram 3.2

Based on the information and your observation above:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as measuring cylinder,

spring balance, metal rod and other apparatus, describe

an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis

stated in 3(b)

4. Diagram 3.1 shows a diver is diving into the sea. Diagram

3.2 shows a diver is diving into the swimming pool. They are

at the same depth but the diver in Diagram 3.1 feel that his

ear was sick.


Based on the observation above and your knowledge of

pressure in liquid;



(c) With the use of apparatus such as thistle funnel, meter

ruler and others, describe an experiment framework to

investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b)


3

5. Diagram 3.1 shows an aluminium foil which has been shaped

into a boat and put into a water container. Diagram 3.2 shows

the same piece of aluminium foil that has been crumpled and

put into the same water container.

Based on the above information and observation:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as a measuring cylinder, a

metal rod, spring balance and other apparatus, describe

an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

CHAPTER 4

6. Diagram 3.1 shows a half glass of hot coffee that is left for

ten minutes. Diagram 3.2 shows a full glass of similar hot

coffee that is left for the same time. It is notice that the hot

coffee in Diagram 3.1 cools down faster than Diagram 3.2.


Based on the information and observation above:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as immersion heater,

beaker and other apparatus, describe an experiment

framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

7. Diagram 3.1 shows a worker pushing down on the piston of a

clogged bicycle pump. Diagram 3.2 shows the same worker

finding it harder to push the piston further down.

Based on the information and observation:

(a) State one suitable inference

(b) State one suitable hypothesis

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a Bourdon gauge and

the other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate

the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

8. Before going to Johor Bahru, Afiff measures the air pressure

of the tyres of his car, as shown in Diagram 3. He noticed

that the air pressure one of the tyres is 200 kPa. At Johor

Bahru, Afiff measured the air pressure. He found that the air

pressure in tyre has increased to 240 kPa. Afiff also found

that the tyre become hot after he arrived at Johor Bahru.

However the size of the tyre remains the same.




(c) With the use of apparatus such as Bourdon gauge, a

round bottom flask and other apparatus, describe one

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in

Question 3(b).


4

9. Diagram 3.1 shows an inverted beaker contains an air

trapped is converted and immersed in the water. Diagram 3.2

shows the volume of air trapped in the beaker decreased

when the beaker is pushed down in the water.

Based on your observation on the volume of air trapped in

the beaker;

(a) State one suitable inference,

(b) State one appropriate hypothesis that could be

investigated,

(c ) With use of apparatus such as a syringe , thick rubber

tube and other apparatus, describe an experiment to


10. Diagram 3.1 shows two pot, X and Y, with X containing more

water than Y. Both the pot are heated. After a few minutes it

was observed that the water in pot Y is hotter than the water

in pot X.

Diagram 3.1




(c) With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer

immersion heater and other apparatus, describe one


Question 3(b).

11. Diagram 3.1 shows a boy accidentally spilt a few drops of

hot noodle soup onto his hand and felt slight pain. Later on,

he accidentally spilt the whole bowl of hot noodle soup onto




(b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated

(c) With the use of apparatus such as power supply, beaker,

immersion heater and other apparatus, describe an


Question 3(b).

CHAPTER 5

12. Diagram 3.1 shows a student using a convex lens to form a

sharp image of a lamp at the ceiling. Diagram 3.2 shows the

student using another convex lens to form a sharp image of

the lamp.


Observe the thickness of the lens and the distance from the

lens to the image in both situations.

Based on the observation:


(b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated.

(c) With the use of apparatus such as convex lenses, a screen

and other apparatus, describe an experiment to

investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

13. Diagram 3.1 shows a line under a glass block. Diagram 3.2

shows an identical line under a Perspex block of the same

size. An observer noticed that the image of the line formed in

the glass block is nearer to the surface of the block.


(a) State one suitable inference,


(c) With the use of apparatus such as a tall beaker, water and

other apparatus and material, describe one experiment to



5

CHAPTER 6

14. Diagram 4.1 shows a boy standing beside the road and a

motorcycle moving towards the boy from a far distance.

Diagram 4.2 shows that the boy has to close his ears when

the motorcycle has come nearer to him.

Diagram 4.1

Diagram 4.2




(c) With the use of apparatus shown in Diagram 4.3 and

other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the

hypothesis stated in 4(b).

15. Diagram 4.1 and diagram 4.2 shows the interferance

patterns formed by two continuous coherent water waves

with different distance between two spherical dippers.

Based on the information and the observation above:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as ripple tank,

stroboscope and other suitable apparatus, describe an

experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis

stated in 4(b).

16. Diagram 4 shows a man testing a newly bought audio system

in a mini theatre by changing his seating position. Loud

sound can only be obtained at some seating positions with a

certain distance from the loudspeaker.


6

Based on the observation above and your knowledge on

waves phenomena;



(c) With the use of apparatus such as an audio

generator, loudspeakers and other apparatus, describe an

experimental framework to investigate the hypothesis

stated in 3(b).

17. Diagram 4 shows two audio technicians is going to set a

close hall so that the audient can enjoy the sound perform by

a singer clearly. When the workers bring the two speakers

closely to another, the distance beside two chairs must be set

further apart so that the sound effect is good enough. The

works can be illustrated as shown in the Diagram 4.

Based on the situation above,



(c) With the use of apparatus such loudspeakers, audio

signal generator and others to set your apparatus,

describe an experiment framework to investigate the


CHAPTER 7

18. Diagram 4.1 shows a worker lifting a load using a reel and a

pulley. The worker notices that it takes a longer time to lift a

heavier load to the top of the building.

Diagram 4.1

Based on the situation above,



investigated.

(c) With the use of apparatus such as d.c. motor (12V),

slotted weight and others apparatus, describe an

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b).

19. Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show an identical bulbs

connected to the conductor wires of identical length but of

different thickness. When the power supply is switched on,

the bulbs lighted with different brightness.


(b) State one hypothesis that could investigated.

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a dry cells, constantan

wire and other apparatus, describe one experiment to


20. Diagram 4.1 shows a lamp which lights up with normal

brightness when the dimmer knob is set at its minimum

value. Diagram 4.2 shows the lamp dimmer when the

dimmer knob is set at its maximum value.


7





(c) With the use of apparatus such as constantan wire ,

voltmeter and the other apparatus, describe an

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

21. Diagram 4.1 shows Aminah ironing her school uniform.

After the iron is switched on for a while, there are still

wrinkles on the uniform. Diagram 4.2 shows that the

wrinkles are gone when the temperature control knob as

shown in figure 4.3 on the iron is turned.

Based on the observation on Diagram 4.1, Diagram 4.2 and

Diagram 4.3 and using your knowledge of the effect of

current on heating:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as beaker, an ammeter,

an immersion heater and the other apparatus, describe

an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in

3(b).

22. Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show two night market stalls

which are fixed with two identical bulbs that are connected to

two identical car batteries 12 V with different length of

connecting wires. Both bulbs bright up with different

brightness.



(b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated

(c) With the use of apparatus such as dry cells, constantan

wire, and other apparatus, describe an experiment to


23. Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 shows the electric circuit consists with

an electric bells, switch and battery. When the switch is

closed, it is observes that the bell in Diagram 4.2 rings louder

than the bell in Diagram 4.1. Both electric bells in each

diagram are same.

Based on the observation above and your knowledge of

electromagnet;



(c) With the use of apparatus such as solenoid, paper clips

and othersdescribe an experiment framework to



8

24. Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 show the electric bell which is

connected to the similar batteries.

When the switch is on, the bell in figure 4.2 ring loudly than

the bell in figure 4.1.

Based on your observation



investigated

(c ) With use of apparatus such as a insulated copper wire ,

small iron pins and other apparatus, describe an

experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b)

25. Diagram 4.1 shows an electromagnetic lifting machine used

to lift scrap metal. Diagram 4.2 shows the observation of the

machine when the current flows through the machine is

increased.

Base on the information and observation above:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as copper wire, soft iron

core and other apparatus describe an experiment

framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b).

26. Diagram 4.1 shows a cross-section of a bicycle dynamo

which has a magnet and coil of insulated copper wire. The

output of the dynamo is connected to a bicycle lamp. The

lamp will light up when the magnet is rotated by turning the

wheel. The light gets brighter when the wheel turns faster.

Based on the above information and observation:



(c) With the use of apparatus such as coil of copper wire,

galvanometer, crocodile clips and other apparatus,

describe an experiment to investigate the


MARKING SCHEME PHYSICS PAPER 3-SECTION B

CHAPTER 2

Questions No. 1

(a) The length of catapult rubber depends on the force

(b) The bigger the force, the longer the extension of the catapult

rubber

(c) To investigate the relationship between the force and extension

of a spring

- Manipulated variable : Force

- Responding variable : Extension

- Constant variable : Length of the spring//diameter of the

spring//type of spring

- Spring, retort stand, ruler, slotted weight

- State a functionable arrangement of the apparatus

- Measure the initial length of the spring, l1

- Put one slotted mass, 20 g/m1 at the end of the spring.

- Measure the length of the spring, l2

- Calculate extension of the spring, x = l2 – l1

- Repeat the experiment for the mass 40g, 60g, 80g, 100g.

- Tabulate the data

- Plot graph of extension /length of spring against

force/mass

Questions No. 2

(a) Acceleration is influenced by the mass

(b) When the mass increased, the acceleration will be decreased.

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the acceleration

and the mass.

(ii) Manipulated variable : mass

Responding variable : acceleration

Constant : Force applied

(iii) 5 Trolleys, ticker timer, ticker tape, a rubber band, a

wooden runway, 12 V a.c power supply, ruler

(iv)

(v) The ticker-timer is switched on and a trolley (of 1 kg) is

pulled using a rubber band. The extension of the rubber

band is ensured to be of the same length

Acceleration of the trolley is calculated using the ticker-

tape. a = ( v-u ) / t

Procedure 2 and Procedure 3 are repeated using 2, 3, 4

and 5 trolleys

(vi)

(vii)

CHAPTER 3

Questions No. 3

(a) The buoyant force can be determined by finding the weight of

water displaced

(b) The more the rod is immersed, the lower the reading on the

spring balance

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between weight of water

displaced and the buoyant force

(ii) Manipulated : length of rod below the liquid level

Responding : weight/ loss in weight

Constant : Density of liquid

(iii) Beaker, rod, spring balance, metre rule

(iv)

(v) A rod which is 10 cm long is marked at intervals of 1 cm

and suspended from the hook of a spring balance.

The experiment is started by lowering the rod to depth of

5.0 cm and reading on the spring balance, W is recorded.

The length of rod below the liquid level is measured and

the reading on the spring balance is recorded.

The experiment is repeated by lowering the rod to

different depths, i.e,H = 6.0 cm, 7.0 cm, 8.0 cm and 9.0

cm

(vi) Tabulate the data :

(vii)

Questions No. 4

(a) The density of the water affects the pressure

(b) As the density increase , the different level/pressure increase.

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the density of

liquid and the pressure/ different level.

(ii) MV : density

RV : pressure //different level

CV : Depth

(iii) Tall beaker, small thistle funnel, flexible tube,

manometer, meter rule, retort stand, liquids

(iv)

(v) Insert the thistle funnel vertically down to the bottom

of the beaker of liquid density of 1.2 gcm-3

Measure the different level in manometer, l.

Repeat the experiment 4 time using another liquid

with different density such as 1.5 gcm-3. 2.0 gcm-3,

3.0 gcm-3 3.5 gcm-3 and 4.0 gcm-3

(vi) Record the data

(vii) Plot graph pressure against density.

Questions No. 5

(a) The different shape of platisicine , give different buoyant force

(b) When the surface area increase, the buoyant force increase

(c) Aim of experiment : To determine the buoyant force acting on

an object in different states of flotation

(i) Manipulated variable:Height of the iron bar

(ii) Responding variable:Reading of the spring balance

(iii) Fixed/ constant variables:Volume of the water

(iv) List of apparatus and materials Measuring cylinder, a

metal rod, spring balance and metre rule, beaker, water,

retord stand

(v) Arrangement of apparatus

(vi) Procedure

- The meter rule was clipped to the retort stand

beside of the iron bar.

- The height of the iron bar is set at h = 20.0 cm.

- The iron bar is immersed into the water. The

reading of the spring balance is recorded. 4. Step 2

and 3 is repeated for the height, h= 25.0 cm,

30.0cm, 35.0 cm and 40.0 cm.

(vii) Tabulation of data

(viii) Analysis of data: Draw a graph of weight, W against height, h

CHAPTER 4

Questions No. 6

(a) The change in temperature of water depends on its volume /

mass

(b) When the volume / mass increases, change in temperature

decreases

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the volume /

mass and temperature

(ii) Manipulated variable : volume / mass of water

Responding variable : change in temperature

Fixed variable : heating time

(iii) Power supply, immersion heater, connecting wires,

beaker, stirrer, thermometer, water, measuring cylinder /

balance , heater and stop watch

(iv)

(v) 20 cm3//g of water is heated by an immersion heater for 5

minutes.

Final temperature is recorded after 5 minutes.

Repeat step 1 and 2 using 40 cm3, 60 cm3, 80 cm3 and

100 cm3 of water

(vi)

(vii)

Questions No. 7

(a) The force // weight affects the volume of the gas

The pressure affects the volume of the gas

(b) When the pressure of a fixed mass of gas decreases , the

volume of the gas increases//The bigger the acting force the

smaller the volume of the gas // The bigger the acting force the

smaller the volume of the gas // The greater the weight the

smaller the volume of the gas.

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship the pressure and the

volume of the gas

(ii) MV : Pressure of gas , V

RV : Volume of gas , P

CV: Temperature and mass of the gas.

(iii) 100 cm3 glass syringe , rubber tube , Bourdon gauge ,

load, triple beam balance , retort stand.

(iv)

(v) Weight is added onto the piston until the Bourdon

gauge shows a reading 10 Pa

Record the enclosed volume, V , of the syringe

Repeat the experiment by increasing the pressure to

15 Pa , 20 Pa, 25 Pa and 30 Pa.

(vi) Tabulate the data.

(vii) Plot graph V against P.

Questions No. 8

(a) Pressure depends on temperature

(b) The higher the temperature, the higher the pressure

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the air pressure

and its temperature

(ii) Manipulated : temperature

Responding : pressure

Fixed : volume / mass of gas

(iii) Round-bottomed flask, glass tube, bourdon gauge,

thermometer, rubber tube, retort stand, tripod stand,

Bunsen burner, stirrer, beaker, wire gauze, water, water

bath.

(iv)

(v) - Read thermometer when the temperature reach

30°C.

- At the same time, read the bourdon gauge to get

the reading of gas pressure.

- Stir the water continuously, and repeat the

experiment when the temperature reach 40°C,

50°C, 60°C and 70°C.

(vi) Tabulate the data

(vii) Plot the graph pressure against temperature

Questions No. 9

(a) Pressure depends on volume// Volume influences pressur

(b) When the volume decrease , the pressure increase ,

(c) To investigate the relationship between volume and pressure

(i) Manipulated : volume

(ii) Responding : pressure

(iii) Fixed : mass of gas // temperature

(iv) Syringe, clip , thick rubber tube, bourdon gauge .

(v) The piston of the 100 cm-3 syringe is adjusted until the

volume of air in the syringe at atmospheric pressure.The

other end of the rubber tube is connected tppo bourdon

gauge and the pressure of the air in the syringe is read

on the gauge.

The piston of the syringe is pushed in until the enclosed

volume is 98 cm3 / V1.

The pressure on the Bourdon gauge is recorded.

The steps is repeated for an enclosed volume of 96 cm3/V2,

94 cm3/V3, 92cm3/V4, 90 cm3/V5

Questions No. 10

(a) The mass // volume affects the rise in temperature //

temperature

(b) The greater the mass // volume, the smaller the rise in

temperature // temperature

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the mass and rise

in temperature (of water)

(ii) Manipulated variable : Mass

Responding variable : Increase in temperature

Fixed variable : Heat supplied // Time of heating // Power

of the heater

(iii) Beaker, water, thermometer, immersion heater,

stopwatch, balance for measuring mass

(iv) Draws a labeled and functional diagram of the set up of

the apparatus

(v) Put a mass of 100 g of water in a beaker

Switch on the heater for 5 minutes and record the

temperature rise

Repeat the experiment with 150 g, 200 g, 250 g and, 300

g of water.


(vii) The graph of temperature rise against mass is drawn

Questions No. 11

(a) The heat/ time taken of the water depends on its mass/volume

(b) The greater the mass/volume, the time taken increase

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the time taken

and mass/volume

(ii) Manipulated variable : mass/volume

Responding variable : Time taken

Constant variable : Initial temperature/specific heat

capacity/ changes in temperature

(iii) Power supply, thermometer, beaker, immersion heater,

stirrer

(iv)

(v) The 20 g of water is filled in the beaker.

The initial temperature, Ө0, of water is recorded.

The heater is switched on until the water boiled.

The time taken for the water is observed and recorded/

The heat is calculated.

Repeat with masses of boiling water 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and

100 g.

(vi) Tabulate the table

(vii)

CHAPTER 5

Questions No. 12

(a) To investigate the relationship between the thickness of the lens

and the distance from the lens to the screen / focal length

(b) The greater the thickness of the lens, the smaller the distance

from the lens to the screen / focal length

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the

thickness of the lens and the distance from the lens to the

screen / focal length

(ii) Manipulated variable : Thickness of the lens

Responding variable : distance from the lens to

the screen focal length / f

(Note: Constant variable can be ignored)

(iii) Convex lenses, screen, metre rule, lens holder

(iv)

(v) A convex lens with thickness 0.4 cm is placed in front of

a screen

The screen is adjusted until a sharp image of a distant

object is obtained and the distance between the lens and

the screen is measured.

The previous steps are repeated using convex lenses of

thickness 0.6 cm, 0.8 cm, 1.0 cm and 1.2 cm

(vi)

(vii) The graph f agianst d is plotted

Questions No. 13

(a) Apparent depth depends on the density/type of block/material

(b) When the density (of material) increase, the apparent depth

decrease/depth of image

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between density and

apparent depth/depth of the image

(ii) manipulated V : density// mass of salt

responding V : apparent depth/depth of image

fixed V : real depth , volume water(ignore the change

of volume of water + salt )

(iii) Tall Beaker/cylinder, pin, retort stand, water, salt, meter

rule, triple beam balance

(iv)

(v) Fill the beaker with ( V = 1000 cm3 ) water.

Put the 20 g of salt into the beaker and stir .

Place a pin O into the water.

Adjust the position of the pin I (at the retort stand) by

observing above the beaker until it appears in line with

the image

Measure the apparent depth of the straight line,d.

Repeat the experiment with( different four densities of

liquids) by mixing the mass of salt , m = 30g , 40g, 50g,

and 60g .

(vi)

(vii)

CHAPTER 6 Questions No. 14

(a) The loudness of the sound depends on the distance (between

the source and the observer

(b) The smaller the distance (between the source and the observer),

the louder the sound

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the loudness of a

sound and the distance (between the source and the

observer)

(ii) Manipulated variable : distance, d

Responding variable : loudness of sound (amplitude,

a)

(Note: Constant variable can be ignored)

(iii) Audio signal generator, loudspeaker, cathode ray

oscilloscope (CRO), microphone, meter rule / measuring

tape

(iv)

(v) The microphone is placed at a distance, d = 20.0 cm from

the loudspeaker

The amplitude, a, of the trace on the screen of the is

measured.

The procedure was repeated for the values of distance, d

= 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 50.0 cm and 60.0 cm

(vi)

(vii) A graph of a against d is drawn

Questions No. 15

(a) The distance between two spherical dippers affects the distance

between two constructive/destructive interference.

(b) The distance between two constructive/destructive interferente

decrease when the distance between 2 spherical dippers.

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the distance

between 2 spherical dippers and the distance beteen 2

constructive /destructive interference.

(ii) Mv : The distance between 2 spherical dippers

Rv : the distance between 2 constructive /destructive

interference.

Fv: Depth of the water// speed of the motor// the

perpendicular distance between the 2 spherical dippers

and the place where the interference pattern is observed.

(iii) Ripple tank, power supply, white paper and ruler

(iv)

(v) Two spherical dippers are attached to the water

The distance between spherical dippers on the screen are

adjusted to a = 5.0cm

The distance between 2 constructive /destructive

interference on the scree n , x is measured with the ruler

and

Repeat the previous step by increasing the distance

between 2 spherical recorded. dippers. a =6cm,7cm,8cm

and 9cm.

(vi)

(vii)

Questions No. 16

(a) The distance between two successive loud, x sound depends on

the distance from the loudspeakers, D

(b) The distance between two loud sounds, x increases as the

distance of separation of two sources, a increases.

/ the longer the distance between two loud sounds, x ,the longer

the distance from the loudspeakers, D

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between distance, x and

distance, D

(ii) Manipulated : Distance between the observer and

loudspeakers, D

Responding : Distance between two successive positions

of loud sounds, x.

Fixed : Distance between the two loudspeaker, a,

frequency of audio generator

(iii) Audio signal generator, two identical loudspeakers,

connecting wires and metre ruler

(iv)

(v) Setting up of apparatus is as shown in diagram above.

Switch on the audio generator.

A student walked slowly along a parallel straight line

at a distance, D = 5.0 m from the loudspeakers using a

metre rule /measuring tape.

The distance, x between two successive positions of loud

sounds is measured using a metre rule.

The experiment is repeated for D = 1.0m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m,

2.5 m and 3.0m.

(iii) Tabulate the data

(vii) Plot the graph x against D

Questions No. 17

(a) The distance between 2 loud speaker affect the distance

between 2 loud or soft sound

(b) When the distance between two coherent sources of sound is

increase, the distance between two consecutive constructive or

destructive interference is decrease.

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between two coherent

sources and the distance between two consecutive

constructive and destructive interference.

(ii) Manipulated : Distance between two coherent sources, a

Responding : Distance between two consecutive

constructive or destructive Interference,x

Constant : Distance between the source and the screen.

(iii) Loud speaker, audio signal/frequency generator,

connection wire, power supply, measuring tape.

(iv)

(v) By using a metre rule the distance between the listener

from the loudspeaker is measured= D

The audio-frequency generator is switched on.

Use a distance between two loud speaker, a= 1.0m.

The listener is requested to walk in a straight path from

left to right.

The distance between two successive loud regions is

measured by a metre rule = x

The experiment is repeated using a distance between two

loud speaker a=1.5m, 2.0m, 2.5m and 3.0m.


(vii)

CHAPTER 7

Questions No. 18

(a) The time to reach the top depends on the mass //

The current supply depends on the mass

(b) When the mass increases, time / current increases

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the mass and time

/ current

(ii) Manipulated variable : mass

Responding variable : time / current

Fixed variable : height

(iii) Battery / DC power supply, slotted mass, connecting

wires, 12V DC motor, pulley

(iv)

(v) 20 g of slotted mass is lifted by a motor to a height of 1

m.

The time taken to reach the top is recorded // The

ammeter reading is recorded.

Repeat step 1 and 2 using 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and 100 g of

slotted mass

(vi)

(vii)

Questions No. 19

(a) Resistance// brightness of bulb depends on the

diameter/thickness of the conductor wire

(b) When the diameter/thickness increase, the resistance decrease

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the diameter

/thickness of the conductor wire and resistance

(ii) Manipulated : diameter / thickness

Responding : resistance / voltage

Constant : length of conductor

(iii) Dry cells, insulated constantan wire, connector wire,

ammeter, voltmeter, rheostat , switch, meter rule

(iv)

(v) A 20 cm length of constantan wire of diameter of 0.1

mm is connected to a circuit as shown in diagram above.

Adjust the rheostat and until the ammeter reading is I =

(0.2A). Measure the corresponding reading on the

voltmeter, V

Calculate the resistance of conductor using equation;

R = V/I

Repeat the experiment with the diameter of constantan

wire , 0.2 mm , 0.3 mm, 0.4mm and 0.5mm.

(vi)

(vii)

Questions No. 20

(a) The brightness // dimness of bulb is affected by the length of

wire

(b) The longer the wire , the higher the resistance // the smaller the

current

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the length of wire

and the resistance // the current flow

(ii) MV : length of wire,l

RV : resistance ,R // Current ,I

CV : diameter of wire // thickness of wire // cross

sectional area of wire // temperature of wire

(iii) Ammeter , voltmeter , rheostat , constantan wire , dry

cells , meter ruler , connecting wire

(iv)

(v) Measure the length of a constantan wire with a ruler , l =

10 cm

The switch is on and adjust rheostat until ammeter

reading shows current , I = 0.5 A

Record the potential difference from voltmeter , V

Calculate the resistance , R = V / I

Repeat the experiment by using constantan wire of l =

15.0 cm, 20 cm , 25 cm , 30 cm and 35.0 cm.


(vii) Plot the graph R against l

Questions No. 21

(a) The heating effect of a conductor is affected by magnitude of

the current.

(b) The larger the current, the higher the temperature of the water

which is being heated

(c) (i) To investigate the effect of current on heating

(ii) MV : current ,I

RV : temperature , θ

CV : volume of water

(iii) Beaker, ammeter, immersion heater, thermometer,

connecting wire, rheostat and stop watch

(iv) Draws a labeled and functional diagram of the set up of

the apparatus.

(v) Pour 200cm3 of water into the beaker and measure its

temperature.

Switch on the circuit and adjust the rheostat until the

reading of ammeter is 1.0 A.

The stop watch is started.

The final temperature is recorded after 2 minutes.

Step repeated by adjusting the rheostat so that the

ammeter readings are 2.0 A, 3.0 A, 4.0 A and 5.0 A.


(vii) The graph of increased in temperature against current is

drawn

Questions No. 22

(a) The length of wire affects the resistance/current

(b) The shorter the wire, the higher the current/the resistance is

decrease

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the length of wire

and current/resistance

(ii) Manipulated variable : length

Responding variable : Current/Resistance

Constant variable : Potential

difference/Temperature/Diameter

(iii) Ammeter, voltmeter, dry cells, constantan wires, ruler

(iv)

(v) The length of wire is measured at 10 cm.

The current is observed and recorded using the ammeter/

The resistance is calculated.

Repeat with different lengths of 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm

and 50 cm.


(vii)

CHAPTER 8

Questions No. 23

(a) The electric current affects the loudness of the bell //

The loudness of the bell depends on the electric current

(b) The strength of an electromagnet increases as the current

increases

(c) (i) To investigate the relationship between electric current

and the strength of an electromagnet

(ii) Manipulated variable : electric current

Responding variable : strength of an electromagnet

Constant variable : number of turn solenoid // soft iron

core

(iii) Ammeter, connection wires, rheostat, retort stand,

,switch, d.c. supply , soft iron core, solenoid, small iron

nails and plastic container.

(iv)

(v) The switch is closed.

The reading of the ammeter is recorded = I

The end of the solenoid is dipped into the plastic

container full of small iron nails

The plastic container is removed and the number of nails

attached to the electromagnet is counted = N

The experiment is repeated 5 times with different value

of current by adjusting the rheostat.


(vii) Plot graph N against I

Questions No. 24

(a) Magnetic field strength depends on the number of turns

(b) The magnetic field strength will increase when the number of

turns increase

(c) To investigate the relationship between magnetic field strength

and number of turn on the coil

(i) manipulated : number of turns

(ii) responding : magnetic field strength //number of small

iron pin

(iii) Fixed : size of current// type of core

(iv) Retort stand, soft iron core, connector wire, PVC

insulated copper wire, small iron pin, ammeter, rheostat ,

battery/ power supply

(v) The soft iron core is wound with 20 turns of insulated

copper wire and set up as shown in diagram above.

The switch is turned on and the rheostat adjusted until the

ammeter

Reading is 1.0 A. The beaker containing small steel pin

then brought near the iron core.

Count and record the number of small iron pin attached

to the soft Iron core.

Repeat the experiment by winding the soft iron core with,

30 turns, 40 turns, 50 turns and 60 turns.

(v)

(vi)

Questions No. 25

(a) The amount of lifted scrap metal depends on the current

(b) The higher the current, the stronger the electromagnetism.

(c) To investigate the relationship between the current and the

electromagnetism.

(i) - Manipulated variable : Current

- Responding variable : Electromagnetism

- Constant variable : Number of turns

(ii) Copper wire, soft iron, ammater, rheostat, batteries,

pins/paper Clips

(iii) State a functionable arrangement of the apparatus

(iv) Adjust the rheostat to supply a current, I1 / 0.1A

(v) Count the number of pins/paper clips attract by the

electromagnet

(vi) Adjust the rheostat for 4 different current 0.2A, 0.3A,

0.4A and 0.5A.(Repeat at least 4 times)

(vii) Tabulate the data

(viii) Plot graph of number of pins against current // graph

Questions No. 26

(a) The faster the speed, the brighter the bulb .

(b) The brightness of the light is influenced by the speed of the

wheel.

(c) When the speed increased, the current in the coil produced

increased

(i) Aim of experiment : To determine the relationship

between the velocity of the magnet and the magnitude of

the induced current

(ii) - Manipulated variable :Speed of the magnet

- Responding variable :Galvanometer reading

- Fixed/ constant variables :Number of turns in the

coil

(iii) List of apparatus and materials Galvanometer, connecting

wire, permanent bar magnet, a coil of copper wire, meter

rule, retort stand.

(iv) Arrangement of apparatus

(v) Procedure:

- The meter rule is clipped to the retort stand beside

the copper wire that coiled to a solenoid. The

height of the bar magnet is set at h = 100 cm

- The bar magnet is released into the solenoid. Reading of

the galvanometer is recorded

- The experiment is repeated for the height, h= 80cm, 60

cm, 40 cm and 20 cm. Tabulation of data

(vi)

(vii) Analysis of data: Draw a graph of V against h