Phenomenal Consciousness and the Allocentric- Egocentric Interface Pete Mandik Associate Professor Coordinator, Cognitive Science Laboratory Chairman, Department of Philosophy William Paterson University, New Jersey USA
May 25, 2015
Phenomenal Consciousness and the Allocentric-Egocentric InterfacePete MandikAssociate ProfessorCoordinator, Cognitive Science LaboratoryChairman, Department of PhilosophyWilliam Paterson University, New Jersey USA
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Three Problems of Consciousness
What is state consciousness?(What makes a mental state conscious and not
unconscious?)
What is transitive consciousness?(What are we conscious of?)
What is phenomenal character?(What are qualia? What is “what it is like”?)
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The Allocentric-Egocentric Interface Theory of Consciousness
Consciousness consists in the interface between allocentric and egocentric coding schemes for perceptible features
Conscious states are hybrids of allocentric and egocentric representations and phenomenal character is determined by their contents
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What is the egocentric allocentric distinction?
ALLOCENTRICEGOCENTRIC
Self-specifying contents
Non-self-specifying contents
Online (sensorimotor) Offline (memory and planning)
Analog, isomorphism Conceptual, categorical
Info. encapsulation Inferential promiscuity
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Levels of visual processing
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What is the progression of levels?Egocentric-to-Allocentric
transformations
Low-level (LGN and V1)Egocentric reps
Intermediate-level (IT and PP)Egocentric/Allocentric Hybrid reps
Highlevel (Frontal Cortex and Hippocampus)Allocentric reps
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So, where is consciousness?
Not at either end of the Egocentric-Allocentric continuum
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Pure Allocentric
Pure Egocentric
Retinocentric
Body-centered
Limited viewpoint invariance
Amodal Category knowledge
The Allocentric-Egocentric Interface
The reciprocally influencing representations jointly comprise a conscious state
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Consciousness is not purely egocentric Patient DF’s visual form agnosia (Milner and
Goodale 1995)Bilateral ventral stream damage to area LO
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Consciousness is not purely egocentricPatient DF’s visual form agnosiaPerceptual consciousness of form and orientation
destroyed, but sensorimotor skill intact
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Consciousness is not purely egocentric
Visual consciousness is conceptually informed
Theory ladeness of perception
Dog Dog sniffing ground Dog’s butt facing
you Did I mention the
dog?
What is this a picture of?Hints:
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Consciousness is not purely allocentric
Thoughts alone have no phenomenal character:
“Pi is an irrational number”
“Natural selection depends on the variable inheritance of fitness”
“Democracy and capitalism are incompatible”
Apparent phenomenality of thought due to associated imagery (Jackendoff 1987)
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Consciousness is not purely allocentric
. . .this . . . this, . . . or this . . .
. . .but not this.
THREE HOUSES
Visual consciousness is never viewpoint independent. The contents are like. . .
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The need for recurrence:
TMS: feedback from area MT+/V5 to V1 necessary for visual awareness (Pascual-Leone & Walsh 2001)
Backward masking invokes feedforward activation but suppresses recurrence (Lamme 2004)
Feedforward activation recorded in anesthetized animals (Lamme 2004)
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State Consciousness
Conscious states are composed of mutually influencing egocentric and allocentric representations
Contra Higher Order Representational theories, metarepresentational states are unnecessary
Contra First Order Representational theories, involvement of higher-level (though not higher order) states is necessary
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Transitive Consciousness
What we are conscious of are the contents of the allocentric-egocentric hybrid reps
Contra HO theories, contents need not include other mental states (Transitivity is false)
Contra FO theories, contents need not exclude other mental states (Transparency is false)
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Phenomenal Character
What it is like to be in a conscious state is fully determined by the representational content of that state.
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THE END