PETRONAS CARIGALI SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT GUIDELINE... · 2014-09-18 · Safe Working At Heights Guideline Preliminary WW ALL S 04 037 Rev. 0, Dec 2012 PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD PRELIMINARY

WW ALL S 04 037 Rev. 0, December 2012

PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD PRELIMINARY

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PETRONAS CARIGALI

SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT GUIDELINE

PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD

Safe Working At Heights Guideline Main Table of Contents

WW ALL S 04 037 Rev. 0, Dec 2012

PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD MAIN TABLES OF CONTENTS

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SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHTS GUIDELINE

Main Table of Contents

Preliminary Foreword

Distribution List

Amendment Summary

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Reference Documents

Section 1 Introduction

Section 2 Roles and Responsibilities

Section 3 Safe Working at Height Method

Section 4 Fall Arrest System

Appendices Appendix 1 Working at Heights Audit Checklist

Appendix 2 Ladder Inspection Checklist

Safe Working At Heights Guideline Preliminary

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FOREWORD

Authority for original issue

Document Custodian

The following person has been assigned as the document custodian:

Name: Hamadi Bin Tani

Reference Indicator: HSE/4

Position: Head, HSE System Management

Proprietary Information

This document contains proprietary information belonging to

PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd and must not be wholly or partially reproduced nor

disclosed without prior permission from PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd.


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DISTRIBUTION LIST

Copy No. Title Location

01 President, PCSB and CEO PDP MD – KL

02

02

02

Vice President PETRONAS and CEO PEX PEX – KL

03 DGM DD – KL

04 DRD DD – KL

05 DRD (HSE) DD – KL

06 DFE DD – KL

07 DPP DD – KL

08 DRMB DD – KL

09 DDP DD – KL

10 DHSE DD – KL

11 FIN MD – KL

12 CHSE MD – KL

13 HRM MD – KL

14 PED MD – KL

15 PED (HSE) MD – KL

16 SCM MD – KL

17 CAA MD – KL

18 SP MD – KL

19 TIM MD – KL

20 PM (CHO) MD - KL

21 PMO PMO

22 PMO (HSE) PMO

23 SBO SBO

24 SBO (HSE) SBO

25 SKO SKO

26 SKO (HSE) SKO

27 PI (CHO) MD – KL

28 MO MO

29 MO (HSE) MO

30 VO VO

31 VO (HSE) VO


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32 INO INO

33 INO (HSE) INO

34 MAU MAU

35 MAU (HSE) MAU

36 UO UO

37 UO (HSE) UO

38 TO TO

39 TO (HSE) TO

40 IRQ IRQ

41 IRQ (HSE) IRQ

42 OMAN OMAN

43 OMAN (HSE) OMAN

44 XMAS PEX – KL

45 XSK PEX – KL

46 XSB PEX – KL

47 XPM PEX – KL

48 XINT PEX – KL

49 XAFR PEX – KL

50 XATL PEX – KL

51 XSEAN PEX – KL

52 XSEAS PEX – KL

53 XMEA PEX – KL

54 XTS PEX – KL

55 XGO PEX – KL

56 XBD PEX – KL

57 XPL PEX – KL

58 XHSE PEX – KL

59 XHR PEX – KL

Note to All Copy Holders: Should you are transferred to other OPU, or should it be impractical for you following your move to a new position, please return this manual to the Custodian. The Custodian will make arrangement for re-distribution


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AMENDMENT SUMMARY

This sheet must be completed in detail at each revision once this document has been approved. Details must include revision number, description and indication of which pages and paragraphs have been revised, date of revision approval, approvers title and signature.

Rev Description Date Approver Title Signature

Notes: (1) Document Holders to update Amendment Record as and when amendments/new

revisions are received. (2) For description of amendment the Document Holder should indicate correction,

modification, and update or deletion issue. (3) Document Holder to enter their company reference number, sign and date the

record of entry. (4) Where part amendments are issued, the relevant page(s) will be identified with a

lower case letter in the revision status line in the header.


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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS The abbreviations and acronyms used in this document shall have the following meaning:

ERP Emergency Response Plan

MEWP Mobile Elevated Work Platform

JHA Job Hazard Analysis. It is a process of determining the hazards associated with a job which shall be controlled to safeguard the safety of personnel, facilities and the environment.

PTS

PETRONAS Groups Technical Standard covers Design and Engineering Practices, Projects Management, Operations Management, Quality Assurance, HSE, Material Management, Maintenance Management and Laboratory Management.

PTW

Permit to Work. A formal written system used to control certain types of work which are identified as hazardous. It is also a mean of communication between site/installation management, plant supervisors and operators and those who carry out the work.

SWL

Safe Working Load

Anchorage Component cast or fixed into a building or structure for the purpose of attaching a scaffold or safety line. It can also mean the holding-down system for cantilevered, hanging or suspended scaffolding and platforms.

Anchorage Line

A rigid or flexible line secured to an anchorage point along which a fall arrest device travels, or a flexible line which unreels from a fall arrest device.

Anchorage Point

A secure point on a structure to which an approved fall restraint/arrest device, lanyard assembly or restraint line may be secured. Anchorage points and all attachments shall be capable of complying with the anchorage point minimum strength requirements specified in AS 1891 part 4. for the type of system to be employed.

Barricade

A supported structure used to create an exclusion zone to prevent people from entering.


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Brittle Roofing

Consists of any flat, trough or corrugated material such as mineral fiber board, plastic or glass, whether reinforced or otherwise, or any other roofing material that, due to its properties, age or weathering, will not safely support a person at all points on its surface.

Bump Rail

A rail or substantial rope barrier suspended at a height of between 0.9 and 1.1 meters to act as a boundary around a work area to prevent access to a hazard. Persons shall not cross or work on the wrong side of the barrier without additional protection.

Please note: The barrier shall be capable of sustaining, without failure or undue deflection, a force at any point of .69kN (70kg) vertically and .44kN (45kg) horizontally.

Building operation

Means the construction, structural alteration, repair or maintenance of a building (including re-pointing, re-decorating, and external cleaning of the structure), the demolition of a building, and the preparation for and the laying of the foundation of an intended building, but does not include any operation which is the work of engineering construction within the meaning of the Act.

Construction Work

The carrying out of any building, civil engineering or engineering construction works and includes any of the following:

a) The construction, alteration, conversion, fitting out,

commissioning, renovation, repair, upkeep, redecoration or other maintenance (including cleaning which involves the use of water or an abrasive at high pressure or the use of substances classified as corrosive or toxic for the purpose of Regulation 7 of the Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous Chemical) Regulations 1997, decommissioning, demolition or dismantling of a structure;

b) The preparation for an intended structure, including site mobilization, site clearance, exploration, investigation (but not site survey) and excavation, and laying or installing the foundations of the structure;

c) The manufacturing of articles on-site or the

assembly of prefabricated elements to form a structure or the disassembly of prefabricated elements which, immediately before such disassembly, formed a structure;


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d) The removal of a structure or part of a structure or of any product or waste resulting from demolition or dismantling of a structure or from disassembly of prefabricated elements which, immediately before such disassembly, formed a structure;

e) the removal of any articles resulting from any

excavation or blasting or site clearing, and the installation, commissioning, maintenance, repair or removal of mechanical, electrical, as, compressed air, hydraulic, telecommunications, computer or similar services which are normally fixed within or to a structure, but does not include the exploration for extraction of mineral resources.

Edge Protection

Some form of guardrail or restraint designed to prevent a person reaching or falling over an exposed edge.

Elevated Work Platform

A platform surrounded by an edge protection system used to position persons at work areas. Different types of elevating work platforms include telescopic, scissor, boom, articulated platforms or any combination of these.

Employee

A person who is employed for wages under a contract of service on or in connection with the work of an industry to which the Act applies and

a) who is directly employed by the principal employer

on any work of, or incidental or preliminary to or connected with the work of, the industry, whether such work is done by the employee at the place of work or elsewhere;

b) who is employed by or through an immediate employer at the place of work of industry or under the supervision of the principal employer or his agent on work which is ordinarily part of the work of the industry or which is preliminary to the work carried on in or incidental to the purpose of the industry;

c) whose services are temporarily lent or let on hire to

the principal employer by the person with whom the person whose services are so lent or let on hire has entered into a contract of service;

Employer

The immediate employer or the principal employer or both.


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Enclosed Work Environment

A work area free from the risk of falls which includes:

a) A safe means of access and ingress or a bump rail placed 2 meters from the edge of the fall edge;

b) Edge protection such as guardrails around all perimeters and openings; and

c) A fall protection barrier, such as safety mesh or a

work platform.

Energy Absorber

An attachment, which by design reduces the deceleration force, imposed by a suddenly arrested fall.

Factor of Safety

The ratio of the load that would cause failure of a member or structure to the load that is imposed upon it in service, and, unless otherwise prescribed or directed, shall be a minimum of three.

Fall-Arrest Harness (Safety Harness)

An assembly of interconnected shoulder and leg straps, with or without a body belt, and used where there is likelihood of free or restrained fall.

Fall Injury Prevention System (FIPS)

Systems designed to arrest or prevent a person’s fall from one level to another whilst minimizing the risk of injuries or harm during the fall. FIPS include fall restraint systems, fall arrest systems, catch platforms, scaffolding, safety nets and safety mesh.

Fall-Arrest System

A system designed to support and holds a person in the event of fall.

Fall Protection Barrier

A barrier other than a work platform that will safely support a person without the risk of falling through.

Fragile Roof

Asbestos cement roof sheet material or any other building sheet material, which if tested would fail the impact resistance level specified in AS1639 - 1990. (In this procedure, a ceiling is regarded as a Fragile Roof.)

Guard-rail

A railing of metal or wood supported by stanchions of sufficient strength and good construction.

Handrail

A rail at a height of between 0.9 and 1.1 meters designed to assist a person to retain their balance.

Hazard

An activity, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence, phenomenon, process, situation, or substance (whether arising or caused within or outside a place of work) that is an actual or potential cause or source of harm and “hazardous” has a corresponding meaning.


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Height

In relation to a working platform, means the greatest distance from which an article may fall before coming to rest. In determining the distance that an article can fall, no account shall be taken of any obstruction that may delay or stop the fall unless there is no possibility of the fall continuing after the obstruction is reached.

Hung Scaffold

A working platform suspended by tubes, fixed ropes, slings or other methods and not intended to be raised or lowered while in use.

Toe board

A board used as part of the edge protection system around a work platform position to prevent tools or equipment from falling through the edge protection.

Lanyard

A line used, usually as part of a lanyard assemble which includes a personal energy absorber, to connect a fall arrest harness to an anchorage point or static line.

Pre-job meeting

A meeting that is conducted prior job starts that addresses, amongst others, the procedure and work permit conditions for the work.

Restrained Fall

Any fall where the person suffering the fall is under less than the fall influence of gravity due to the action of a restraint device such as a pole strap, or is sliding down a slope less than that described for a free fall.

Safety Belt

A belt secured around the waist that may include butt or groin straps and is not suitable to arrest a free fall.

Safety Harness

An approved assembly of interconnected shoulder and leg straps used to contain the body of a worker to restraint or arrest the fall of a person while distributing forces resulting from an arrested fall to minimize the likelihood of injury.

Safe Working Load (SWL)

The maximum load calculated in accordance with sound and accepted engineering practice, which can be supported safely under normal working conditions.

Scaffold

Any temporarily provided structure on or from which persons perform work in connection with operations or works to which this guideline apply, and any temporary provided structure which enables persons to obtain access to or which enables materials to be taken to any gangway, skip, ladder or step-ladder which does not form part of such structure together with any guard-rail, toe-board or other safeguards and all fixing, but does not merely to support such an appliance or such machine as to support other plant or equipment.


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Scafftag System

A system utilizing tags that are affixed to scaffold to indicate to workers that the scaffold has been inspected and is or is not safe for use.

Secure Footing

Means that the combination of the type of shoes worn and the slope and surface friction of the surface being walked on will prevent the possibility of a person slipping or needing a handrail to assist balance.

Standing Scaffold

A working platform which is supported wholly or partly from its base.

Static Line

In relation to fall protection, means a rope, wire strop, or rail secured between two points and possibly at various points along its length in order to support anchor lines, fall arresters or other fall protection devices. It shall have a minimum breaking strength of 44kN.

Suspended Scaffold

A scaffold support from above, the platform of which is supported at more than two points by steel wire cables suspended from overhead outriggers which are anchored to the steel or concrete frame of the building and it may be equipped with a hoisting drum or machine, so that the platform can be raised or lowered.

Toolbox meeting

A meeting that is conducted daily, normally by Supervisors, Work Leaders or SHO which involved all personnel, including Company and Contractors, covering planned topics, amongst others, the

followings:

(1) Daily work program including changes in work activities;

(2) Reminders on hazard as well as control measures associated with the work activities; and

(3) Incident reports and lesson learnt.

Warning Line

A line on a surface at height, 2 meters from the edge to indicate that access beyond that point is prohibited. Warning lines consist of painted lines or ropes on stands.

Work at height

Work in any place at or below ground level or means of obtaining access to or egress from such place while at work, except by staircase in a permanent workplace where a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury.

Accessing, egressing, ascending, descending, or working in any position where a person can fall from, into or through anything from one level to another level


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as well as where objects could fall from one level to another. Particularly wherever there is the potential for any person to fall 2 meters or more, or to gain access to within 2 meters of an open edge from where there is the potential to fall 2 meters or more appropriate controls shall be implemented.


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PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD Preliminary

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REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Doc. No. Title PTS 60.2104 Working at Height, July 2009 PTS 60.2106 Scaffolding Safety

PTS 60.2001 Permit To Work (PTW) WW ALL S 05 002 PCSB PTW Guidelines (Rev.2, September 2011)

Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Guideline for the Prevention of Fall at Workplace 2007

Code of Practice for Working Safely at Height – Workplace Safety & Health Council, Singapore (2009)

Occupational Safety and Health Act, 1994

Factories and Machinery Act 1967, (Act 139)

1. Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and

Welfare) Regulations, 1970, Regulation 12: Working at Height

2. Factories and Machinery Act 1967(Building Operation and Work Engineering Construction (Safety) Regulation 1986)

Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Guideline for the Prevention of Fall at Workplace 2007

Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 1891.3.1997 Industrial fall arrest system and devices

British Standard BS2037 Industrial Heavy Duty Ladder

Safe Working At Heights Guideline

Introduction

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PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD SECTION 1

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SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Contents

Paragraph Page No.

1 INTRODUCTION 2

1.1 Purpose 2

1.2 Scope 2

1.3 Guiding Principles on Fall Protection 2

1.4 General Requirements for People Working at Heights 3


Introduction

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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose

(1) This Safe Working at Height Guideline defines the minimum safety standards on working at height. The document stipulates the various methods that may be adopted for the safe execution of working at height, i.e. step ladder, mobile elevated working platform, gondola, scaffolding, where there is risk of falling from height including the use of fall arrest devices.

(2) This guideline is not intended for reference when

working at height using non-conventional methods (e.g. abseiling, helicopter access, steeplejack work, etc.). For such work, a comprehensive Fall Protection Plan shall be developed prior to commencement of the work. The Fall Protection Plan shall identify all hazards associated with the working at height and shall clearly define the required barriers for fall protection, as well as emergency response arrangement.

(3) Additionally, the movement of people between marine vessels or between marine vessels and facilities are not covered in this guideline. For such operations, refer to site specific procedures or instructions to manage the risk of working at height.

1.2 Scope

(1) The requirements defined in this guideline shall be

applicable throughout PETRONAS Carigali global operations, including for Contractors and Sub-Contractors working for the Company.

(2) In cases where national legislative requirements are

more stringent than PETRONAS Carigali, those legislative requirements shall prevail. However, where PETRONAS Carigali requirement are more stringent, the Company requirement shall apply.

1.3 Guiding Principles on Fall Protection

(1) Working at height is defined as any work where there is a potential for fall for any person and/or objects from a height of 2 meters or more.

(2) Working at height should be avoided where possible.

However, where absolutely required, the risk


Introduction

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associated with the working at height shall be assessed, and the required control and recovery barriers shall be implemented prior to commencement of work.

(3) In addition to identifying fall protection barriers, the

task-specific Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) for working at height shall clearly state the methods for rescuing personnel who may be suspended/ injured following a working at height incident, including specifying the required rescue equipment.

1.4 General Requirements for People Working at Height

(1) All personnel responsible for work carried out where

there is a risk of falling shall be competent in the correct use of the systems for the prevention of fall.

(2) Personnel who are exposed to the risk of falling shall:

(a) be provided with sufficient and adequate

information, instruction and training so that they have the skill and knowledge to perform the work safely;

(b) be able to participate in the risk assessment of

the work; (c) know and understand the control measures for

fall prevention; and

(d) be competent, comfortable and confident in the correct use of those method i.e. scaffolding, gondola and work basket.


Roles and Responsibilities

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SECTION 2

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Contents

Paragraph Page No.

1 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 2

1.1 Person In Charge 2

1.2 Work Leader 2

1.3 Safety and Health Officer 2

1.4 Person Working at Height 3



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1 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1 Person in Charge (PIC)

The Person in Charge may be the Offshore Installation Manager (OIM), Terminal Superintendent or Company Site Representative (CSR). The Person in Charge shall be accountable to:

(1) Ensure necessary system (e.g. personnel,

procedures, emergency plan, etc.) are in place to manage and control work at height on site.

(2) Provide the necessary equipment and associated

systems to ensure personnel can work at heights safely.

(3) Ensure the risk assessment is conducted and the

required control and recovery measures are implemented prior to commencement of activities.

(4) Ensure that activities involving working at heights are

supervised and/or regularly inspected to ensure compliance to the requirements of this guideline.

1.2 Work Leader

The Work Leader may be Company or Contractor personnel. The Work Leader shall:

(1) Ensure inspections have been conducted for

anchorage points, harnesses, ropes, slings, lanyard assemblies and other associated equipment used for working at heights.

(2) Ensure scaffolds have been inspected and tagged

accordingly. (3) Ensure the risk assessment is conducted and the

required control and recovery measures are implemented prior to commencement of activities.

1.3 Safety and Health Officer (SHO)

The Site SHO shall carry out regular inspection/audit of facilities and equipment use in working at height.



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1.4 Person Working at Height

Person Working at Height shall:

(1) Visually inspect equipment used for working at

heights prior to and after use to ensure it has not been damaged and is not overdue for re-inspection.

(2) Placing substandard equipment out of service using

an “out of service” tag.


Safe Working at Height Method

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SECTION 3

SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT METHOD

Contents

Paragraph Page No.

1 SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT METHOD 2

1.1 Ladders 2

1.2 Mobile Work Platform s 7

1.3 Suspended Working Platform 11

1.4 Fixed Scaffolding 13

1.5 Specific requirement for working on roof. 14



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1 SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT METHOD

Whenever possible, working at height should be avoided. However, should working at height is necessary; it should be performed from a safe place of work. In determining the method for working at height, consideration shall be given to hierarchy of control. Additionally, factors such as nature of work, duration of the task etc., shall also be given due consideration.

1.1 Ladders

(1) Ladders are normally used to gain access. Working while on a ladder shall only be considered if there are no other practical means of performing the work. There are three (3) types of commonly used ladders, i.e. step ladder, straight ladder and extension ladder.

(2) Where ladder is used, the following requirements,

amongst others, shall apply:

(a) Ladders made of aluminium shall not be used in Zone 0 and Zone 1 areas due to potential source of ignition when in contact with corroded surfaces

(b) Ladders made of reinforced metal shall not be

used in the vicinity of live electrical equipment due to conductivity of the material;

(c) Ladders shall not be used where there is

potential contact with power lines (either during handling or working);

(d) Ladders shall be inspected for damage before

use; damaged ladder shall not be used; (e) Ladders shall be set up on a firm

ground/surface. On soft ground area, sole plates shall be used prior to setting up the ladder;

(f) Ladders shall not be set up within the arc of a

swinging door unless the door is locked and appropriate signs affixed on the blind side of the door;

(g) Ladders shall be secured against movement to

prevent the possibility of displacement. One person shall hold the ladder while the other person is ascending, descending or working on the ladder;



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(h) Only one person is allowed to work on ladder at

any one time and attended by another person; (i) While ascending or descending a ladder, the

personnel shall face the ladder and three (3) points contact shall be maintained as depicted in Figure 3.1. Materials or tools which could not be safely secured on the worker’s belt should be independently transferred or hoisted to the work location;

(j) All work shall be carried out with the person

facing the ladder; (k) Do not overreach when working on ladder; and

(l) Work that may restrict vision, e.g. oxy-cutting,

welding, etc., shall not be carried out from a ladder

Figure 3.1: The correct method of ascending and descending a ladder



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1.1.1 Step Ladder

(1) A step ladder (also known as A-framed ladder) is a

self-supporting ladder, which is not adjustable in length, fitted with flat steps and a swinging back stay that is held in place by a secured locking bar. The commonly used step ladders are as depicted Figure 3.2 below.

Standard Stepladder Two-Way Stepladder Platform Stepladder

Figure 3.2 the commonly used step ladders

(2) In addition the requirements stipulated in 1.1(2), the following requirements shall apply where step ladders are used:

(a) Step ladders shall have lockable spreader bars

on both sides; (b) Step ladders shall only be used in the fully open

position; (c) Step ladders shall not be used as straight of

extension ladders; (d) Step ladders greater than 6 meters in length

shall not be used; and (e) The three (3) highest steps of the ladder shall

not be used while working such that the person can hold on to the ladder in cases lost of stability, as depicted in Figure 3.3. However consideration shall also be given to the height of the person working, i.e. a taller person may required more than three (3) steps to properly hold in case of lost of stability.



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.

Figure 3.3 The correct way of working on ladder

1.1.2 Straight and Extension Ladders

(1) Straight ladders and extension ladders are non-self-

supporting portable ladders as depicted in Figure 3.4. Straight ladders consist of one section which is not adjustable in length whereas extension ladders consist of two or more sections travelling in guides or brackets to permit adjustment of length.

Figure 3.4 Straight and Extension Ladders

(2) In addition the requirements stipulated in 1.1(2), the

following requirements shall apply where straight and/or extension ladders are used:



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(a) The maximum length of a straight ladder shall not exceed 9 metres and the maximum length for an extension ladder shall not exceed 15 metres;

(b) Straight ladders and extension ladders should

be setup at an angle of 1 horizontal to 4 vertical, about 14 degrees to the vertical, as depicted in Figure 3.6.

Figure 3.6 Correct way of setting up straight or extension ladders.

(c) Straight ladders and extension ladders shall be secured against movement at the top (by tying the ladder at a fixed structure) and bottom (through provision of safety feet) to prevent the possibility of displacement as shown in Figure 3.6. Another person shall hold the ladder until it is properly secured and continue to support/hold the ladder while in use;

Figure 3.7 Prevention of movement and displacement.



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(d) Straight ladders and extension ladders shall not be set up on portable work platforms to gain extra working height; and

(e) Straight ladders and extension ladders shall not

be used horizontally as a work platform.

1.2 Mobile Work Platform

Mobile work platform is a structure design to provide a temporary working platform which can be easily moved from one location to another. There are two (2) types of mobile work platform, i.e. non-motorised mobile work platform and motorised work platform.

1.2.1 Non-Motorised Mobile Work Platform

(1) Non-motorised mobile work platform is also known as

prefabricated tower scaffolds, which incorporated fabricated frame units constructed as single–bay towers and is provided with handrails and toe-boards. Non-motorised mobile work platform is normally mounted on castors for ease of relocation between uses.

(2) A typical prefabricated tower scaffold is as shown in

Figure 3.8.

Figure 3.8: Typical example of non-motorised mobile

work platform



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(3) Where non-motorised mobile work platform is used,

the following requirements, amongst others, shall apply:

(a) The manufacturer or supplier shall provide safe

erection methods, detail of the scaffold components, the safe working load (SWL), other limitations and instructions for the erecting, dismantling, use, inspection and maintenance of non-motorised work platform;

(b) The non-motorised work platform shall be

erected by competent person; (c) The non-motorised mobile work platform shall be

used on firm level surface; the wheels or feet shall be properly supported;

(d) Where non-motorised mobile work platform is

used outdoor, the height of the working platform shall not be more than 3 times of the minimum base dimension;

(e) Where non-motorised mobile work platform is

used indoor, the height of the working platform shall not be more than 3.5 times of the minimum base dimension;

(f) The wheel brakes shall be engaged prior to use; (g) When moving the non-motorised mobile work

platform, ensure;

(i) No overhead obstructions and electrical hazards;

(ii) The surface are firm and level; (iii) Manual push or pull at the base; and (iv) The upper platforms are free of personnel

and/or materials.

(h) A system shall be established to ensure proper management of non-motorised mobile work platform; the system shall include tagging, inspection, etc.; and

(i) The non-motorised mobile work platform shall be

inspected at least once a week or per following:



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(i) On completion of installation; (ii) Prior to use; (iii) After alteration/modification; and (iv) After any incident which may have affected

stability.

1.2.2 Motorised Work Platform

(1) Motorised work platform is also known as power-

operated elevating work platforms. The height can be adjusted using articulation, scissor mechanisms, telescoping booms or towers. The platforms can be vehicle-mounted or self-propelled for ease of relocation between uses.

(2) Figure 3.9 below illustrates some of motorised work

platform.

Self-propelled electric Scissor Lift Elevating Work Platform

Cherry Picker Vehicle-mounted Scissor Lift Elevating

Work Platform

Figure 3.9 Mobile Elevated Platforms



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(3) Where motorised work platform is used, the following

requirements, amongst others, shall apply:

(a) Motorised work platform shall be fitted with emergency switch or two sets of controls, which are positioned on the work platform itself and at a control panel at ground level. The ground level control shall be able to override the platform controls or manual lowering so that in the event of an emergency, the platform can be lowered to the ground safely;

(b) The motorised work platform shall operated by a

competent person;

(c) Motorised work platform shall be operated within the safe work load specifications;

(d) Where outriggers are fitted, they shall be fully

extended prior to use and the hoisting mechanisms should be interlocked to the outriggers;

(e) A site assessment including dry run should be

conducted prior to the lift to ensure that contact will not be made with surrounding equipment or structures;

(f) Personnel shall wear a safety harness and short

lanyard incorporating an energy absorber attached to an approved anchor point; for work on a cherry picker, lanyard should be as short as possible and shall be attached directly to the designated anchor point and not to the handrail;

(g) All equipment and tools for the conduct of the

work shall be kept in a container placed securely to prevent falling object; tools in use should be secured by wrist straps or a lanyard directly attached to the work platform; and

(h) For hot work on an motorised work platform, fire

extinguisher shall be kept in the work basket of the platform.



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1.3 Suspended Working Platform

(1) Suspended working platform also known as workbasket/gondola are kind of safety cage which rectangular configurations normally suspended on wire ropes attached to a roof rig. The working platform normally lifted, lowered, traversed and rotated by winches or climbers (hoisting mechanism) which are usually mounted on the working platform either on the roof rig.

(2) The stability of the roof rig shall be achieved either by

counterweights or direct attachment to the structure component of the roof of the building or structure.

(3) Figure 3.10 below illustrates suspended working

platforms.

Figure 3.10 Suspended Working Platforms

Figure 3.10 Typical Suspended Working Platforms (Workbasket/Gondola)



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(4) Where suspended working platform is used, the

following requirements, amongst others, shall apply:

(a) Only certified suspended working platform shall be used;

(b) All slings, shackles and attachments shall be

checked; the inspection/certification and color coding shall be valid. Damaged or worn tackle and attachments shall not be used;

(c) A site assessment and dry run of the suspended

working platform positioning should be conducted to ensure no contact with surrounding equipment;

(d) Areas below the working area shall be

barricaded to prevent access to personnel and/or other mobile equipment including vehicles;

(e) Suspended working platform shall not be used

for the storage of materials; (f) Personnel working on the suspended working

platform shall wear safety harness with its lanyard attached properly to the independent life line or specified anchorage so provided; and

(g) The information relating to the use of the

suspended working platform shall include the following:

(i) Description of manual controls; (ii) Means for stopping and emergency

stopping; (iii) Description of how to operate the no-

power descent and the automatic safety device;

(iv) Nature and frequency of inspections; (v) In case of a temporary suspended working

platform, a plan to show the requirement and method of anchorage and its erection and dismantling procedure; and



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(vi) Drawings and diagrams enabling

maintenance personnel to carry the on-site maintenance, periodic maintenance and preventive maintenance.

1.4 Fixed Scaffolding

(1) Where ladder, mobile work platform or workbasket/gondola are not feasible to be used, fixed scaffold shall be considered. Additionally, fixed scaffolds shall be used for work at height where longer term installation or maintenance work is anticipated.

(2) Typical fixed scaffolding is as shown in Figure 3.11.

Figure 3.11: Typical example of Tube and Coupler Scaffold



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(3) Where fixed scaffold is used, the following requirements, amongst others, shall apply:

(a) The scaffolding shall comply to PTS 60.2106

Scaffolding Safety and relevant national legislative requirement;

(b) Scaffolding exceeding 40m in height shall be

properly designed and the drawings shall be endorsed by a Professional Structural Engineer prior to erection of scaffolding. The approved drawing shall be kept at site; where required the drawing shall be submitted to local authority for endorsement, e.g. DOSH Chief Inspector in Malaysia;

(c) Scaffolds shall only be erected, altered or

dismantled by Scaffolders under the direct supervision of a foreman and/or Supervisor; and

(d) A system shall be established to ensure proper

management of fixed scaffolding; the system shall include tagging, inspection, etc.

1.5 Specific Requirement for Working on Roof.

Where working on roof is required the requirement/steps described below shall be followed.

1.5.1 Identification of Fragile Materials

(1) All roofs shall be treated as brittle until a close inspection reveals otherwise.

(2) Certain plastic sheeting, wired glass (e.g. roof lights)

wood wools slabs, asbestos/fiber cement sheets and corrugated steel sheeting use for roofing purposed shall be regarded as fragile.

1.5.2 Provision of Safe Access for Working on Roof.

(1) Crawling Board or Roof Ladders shall be used to distribute the load such that the load will not concentrate on one location on the fragile roof sheets.

(2) Two crawling boards or roofing ladders shall be

provided to ease the movement of personnel such that the personnel do not need to step onto a fragile roof to move a board or ladder.



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(3) Crawling board shall not be less than 250 millimetres wide and 25 millimetres thick and shall have cleats at least 38 millimetres wide, spaced at equal intervals not more than 310 millimetres apart across the full width of the board and firmly nailed.

Figure 3.12 Crawling Board

1.5.3 Valley Gutter

(1) For work in a valley gutter or where the gutter is used as a means of access to the workplace, and the materials next to the gutter are fragile, protection against falling shall be provided.

(2) A running line parallel to the walkway onto which the

personnel can attach the safety harness lanyards shall be provided.

(3) Scaffold boards (or similar) shall be laid to a height of

1m up the fragile surface either side of the walkway to act as a barrier should someone stumble or fall against them.



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Figure 3.12: Example of Mobile Valley Frame

Figure 3.13: Valley Gutter Protection


Fall Arrest System

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SECTION 4

FALL ARREST SYSTEM

Contents

Paragraph Page No.

1 SAFE WORKING AT HEIGHT METHOD 2

1.1 Lanyard 2

1.2 Lanyard Assemblies 4

1.4 Body Harnesses 4


Fall Arrest System

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1 FALL ARREST SYSTEM

(1) This section describes the requirements for fall arrest

systems. Fall-arrest systems are designed to support and hold a person in the event of a fall by reducing the consequence. They are not designed to support a person while working. A typical fall arrest system normally consists of a full body harness and a lanyard with some form of inline shock absorption capability.

(2) A full body harness with shock absorbing lanyard

shall be used when working 2 m above the work surface and anchored to a point suitable for expected shock load.

(3) An energy absorbing lanyard is an element of a fall

protection system, formed by a combination of two single element which can otherwise be used independently; e.g. lanyards (which used only for restraint) and energy absorbers (which used in various points in fall protection systems to limit the force of a fall).

1.1 Lanyard

(1) A lanyard is a flexible link between other components

(e.g. a harness and an anchor device) of a fall protection system. They are typically made from textile rope or webbing, with an eye at each end to allow connectors to be fitted, or constructed as a closed circular loop.

(2) The lanyard or anchor line shall be attached to the top

position (at chest height). Anchorages for a lanyard should be fixed as high as practical but within easy reach.


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1.1.2 Single Lanyard

(1) Single lanyard are generally used when the area of work is close to a suitable anchor point.

Figure 4.1: An Example of Single Lanyard with Absorber and Hooks

1.1.3 Double Lanyard (Two Single Lanyards Used Simultaneously)

(1) This method shall be used when it is necessary to

move around a structure which does not have another method of fall protection fitted. The user attaches each lanyard in turn, always ensuring that the second one is attached before the first one is removed.

(2) When using double lanyards, therefore, the user shall

be remain as low as possible below the anchor point(s) and that the only time that both lanyards are connected to an anchor is when the user is transfer from one point to another. This is because if the user falls while both lanyards are attached to an anchor; the impact force will be twice what it would be if only one lanyard was attached.

Figure 4.2: An Example of Double Lanyard with

Absorber and Hooks


Fall Arrest System

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1.2 Lanyard Assemblies

(1) A lanyard assembly may be used to connect a fall arrest harness to an anchorage point or static line to partially absorb the forces generated in a fall. Lanyards that are adjustable in length and incorporating energy absorbers can also be used but the length shall be always shortened to prevent falls.

(2) The length of the lanyard assembly including the

connectors and the energy absorber in its unused condition shall be as short as practicable and the working slack length no greater than 2 meters.

1.3 Body Harnesses

(1) Full body harnesses-distribute the arresting forces over the seat as opposed to the soft, vulnerable mid-section of the body. Color coding the top and bottom straps can help employees put on the harness easier, faster, and correctly. The employee may be attached to the harness by a lanyard or directly to the lifeline with a sliding “D” ring. The “D” ring will absorb the force and position the body in an upright position if fall occurs.

Figure 4.3: An Example of Body Harness


Fall Arrest System

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Figure 4.4: Components of Harness

Safe Working At Heights Guideline Appendices

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PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD APPENDICES

Page 1

APPENDICES

Contents

Appendix Page No.

1 Working at Height Audit Checklist A1-1

2 Working Ladder Inspection Checklist A2-1

Safe Working At Heights Guideline Appendix 1

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PETRONAS CARIGALI SDN BHD APPENDIX 1

Page A1-1

APPENDIX 1

WORKING AT HEIGHT AUDIT CHECKLIST

Working at Height Checklist

Project: Date: PTW Number:

S/NO ITEMS YES NO ACTION/COMMENTS

1. Is using method chosen is the safest and best way to do the job?

2. Have you nominated a competent person to take charge of the work?

3.

Have you nominated the person(s) who will be involved in the work?

4 Have you planned the work so that everyone knows exactly what is to be done?

5. Has the means of access or working method has been identified? (Mobile Elevating Work Platform, ladders, step-ladders, mobile scaffold etc.)

6. Is the means of access or working method the best choice for the short duration of work?

7. Is the working equipment in good condition and been checked by the competent person?

8. Is the area where the working equipment is to be used free from obstructions at both ground and high level?

9. Is the floor area flat, stable and in good condition?

10. If the work is to be outside, have you considered the weather conditions?

11.

Have any fragile surfaces been identified and the relevant instructions to avoid them been given?


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12. If using ladders, can they be secured at the top and the bottom?

13. If using step-ladders, are they fitted with a handrail and working platform?

14. If using a mobile scaffold is it fitted with suitable platform, toe boards, a handrail and the wheels lockable?

15. Has the area where the work is to be done been cordoned off to keep other people away from the area?

16. Has the person carrying out the work been trained in the use of the access equipment?

17. Has Personal Protective Equipment been provided, and is it being worn?

18. Are arrangements in place to deal with the likelihood of falling objects?

19. Are arrangements in place to deal with an emergency situation?

20- Are you satisfied that all measures have been taken to prevent a fall from height?

If the work is continuous, but at different workplaces, have instructions been given to repeat this check each time?

This checklist is not exhaustive. Depending upon the work and location, you should add additional items as necessary. This can then form the basis of your risk assessment This checklist is for both short and long term duration and can be used in conjunction with a permit to work.

Name of Person In Charge & Signature:


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APPENDIX 2

WEEKLY LADDER INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Weekly Ladder Inspection Checklist Project: Date: Ladder Number:

S/NO ITEMS YES NO ACTION/COMMENTS

1. Are all the rungs or steps in good condition?

2. Are the side rails intact without any cracks, bends, or breaks?

3.

Do the rungs, cleats, or steps fit firmly into the side rails?

4 Is the ladder free of corrosion?

5. Are the side rails and steps free of oil or grease?

6. Are the ladder's hardware and fittings secure and undamaged?

7. Do moveable parts operate freely without binding or excessive play?

8. Are the ropes on extension ladders intact without fraying or excessive wear?

9. Are damaged ladders removed from service and marked "Do not use"?

Name of Person In Charge & Signature: