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Pest Management Essential Standard 8.00- Compare distinguishing chrematistics of pest.
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Pest Management

Feb 23, 2016

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Pest Management. Essential Standard 8.00- Compare distinguishing chrematistics of pest. Objective 8.01. Discuss the anatomy and life cycle of pest. What is an insect?. Small animals that have three body regions and three pairs of legs equaling six legs Body regions head thorax abdomen. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Pest Management

Pest Management

Essential Standard 8.00- Compare distinguishing chrematistics of pest.

Page 2: Pest Management

Objective 8.01• Discuss the anatomy and life

cycle of pest.

Page 3: Pest Management

What is an insect?• Small animals that have three

body regions and three pairs of legs equaling six legs

• Body regions– head – thorax– abdomen

Page 4: Pest Management

Types of Insects• The five types of mouthparts

are important in identifying and controlling insects.– Chewing– Piercing– Rasping– Siphoning– Sponging

Page 5: Pest Management

Chewing Insects• Insects tear, chew or grind food• Examples

– grasshopper– beetle

Page 6: Pest Management

Piercing Insects• Punctures plant and sucks the

sap

Page 7: Pest Management

Rasping insect• Rasps or breaks surface and

sucks sap• Example

– thrips

Page 8: Pest Management

Siphoning insects• Have a coiled tube they dip

into liquid food such as nectar and draw it in

• Example– butterfly

Page 9: Pest Management

Sponging Insects• Have two sponge-like

structures that collect liquid food and move it into the food canal

• Example– housefly

Page 10: Pest Management

Life Cycles• Complete metamorphosis has

four stages– egg– larva-worms or caterpillars– pupa– adult-flies, beetles, etc.

Page 11: Pest Management

Life Cycles• Incomplete metamorphosis has

three stages– egg– nymph– Adult

• Insects must be killed when they are feeding or actively moving on the plant

Page 12: Pest Management

Life Cycles

Page 13: Pest Management

Chewing Insects• Parts of leaves are eaten away

– beetles– cutworms– caterpillars– grasshoppers

Page 14: Pest Management

Chewing Insects• Beetles

– eat leaves, stems, flowers, fruit and nuts

• Cutworms– usually attack stems, but may eat

other plant parts

Page 15: Pest Management

Chewing Insects• Caterpillars

– larva of moths and butterflies– fuzzy or hairy– eat young leaves and stems– roll up in leaves making leaves

curl• Grasshoppers

– eat all parts of plants

Page 16: Pest Management

Sucking Insects• Aphids• Leaf bugs• Mealy bugs• Scale• Thrips• Whiteflies

Page 17: Pest Management

Aphids• Pierce and suck juices• known as plant lice• cause stunted growth and

yellow spotted leaves• causes sticky substances and

black mold• will attract ants

Page 18: Pest Management

Aphids

Page 19: Pest Management

Leaf Bugs• Cause plants to look unhealthy• plants will lose their normal

color and wilt

Page 20: Pest Management

Leaf Bugs

Page 21: Pest Management

Mealy Bugs• Pierce and suck from underside

of leaves and in leaf axils causing yellow appearance and sticky secretions

Page 22: Pest Management

Mealy bugs

Page 23: Pest Management

Scale• Appear as black or brown

raised lumps attached to stems and underside of leaves causing yellow leaves and stunted growth

Page 24: Pest Management

Scale

Page 25: Pest Management

Thrips• Chew and then suck causing

plant tissue to become speckled or whitened, leaf tip to wither, curl up, or die

Page 26: Pest Management

Thrips

Page 27: Pest Management

Whiteflies• Feed on underside of young

leaves causing yellowing• will look like flying little white

specks when plants are shaken

Page 28: Pest Management

Whiteflies

Page 29: Pest Management

Mites• Attack underside of leaves

causing gray to grayish-green spots

• severe infestations cause webbing

Page 30: Pest Management

Mites

Page 31: Pest Management

Plant Diseases

Page 32: Pest Management

Objective 8.02• Discuss diseases and viruses.

Page 33: Pest Management

Diseases• A disease is a plant disorder

caused by an infectious pathogen or agent

Page 34: Pest Management

Diseases• There are 3 conditions

necessary for diseases in plants– host plant– disease causing organism or

pathogen must be present– favorable environment for

disease organism to develop

Page 35: Pest Management

Pathogens• There are four groups of

pathogens– bacteria– fungi– viruses– parasitic plants (attach to plants)

• mistletoe• dodder • lichens

Page 36: Pest Management

Bacteria• Single celled microorganisms• Examples of common bacteria

diseases:– Leaf spot

• Rings of different shades of brown, green or yellow spots on leaves.

– Blight• cause plant to quickly turn brown or

black as if they had been burned

Page 37: Pest Management

Blight

Page 38: Pest Management

Leaf Spots

Page 39: Pest Management

Fungi• Cannot make their own food

– They develop hyphae, structures that grow and absorb nutrients from the host plant

– Many fungi are spread by spores.

Page 40: Pest Management

Examples of common fungi diseases:

• Damping off causes young plants and seedling to rot off at the soil level.

• Rust cause small spots on the leaves that resemble yellow, orange, brown or red rust mainly on the underside of leaves.

• Powdery mildew grows on the upper and lower leaf surface as white or gray powdery substance. It is a common disease of houseplants

• Galls are round swellings or growths usually on tree branches or leaves.

Page 41: Pest Management

Damping off• A fungal disease that causes

young plants and seedlings to rot off at soil level

Page 42: Pest Management

Damping Off

Page 43: Pest Management

Rust• Causes small spots on leaves

that resemble yellow, orange, brown or red rust mainly on the underneath side of leaves

Page 44: Pest Management

Rust

Page 45: Pest Management

Mildew• Grows on leaf surfaces--both

upper and lower--as white, gray or purple spots

Page 46: Pest Management

Gall• Swellings or growths on plants

Page 47: Pest Management

Viruses• Viruses are pathogens with an

extremely narrow host range– Examples of common viruses:

• Tobacco mosaic virus which attacks tomatoes, peppers, poinsettias and tobacco.

– Can be transfer from human hands of a smoker

– Be sure to wash your hands before working with plants to control the spread of this virus

– Cause leave to have irregular mottled areas with patterns ranging from dark to light green and yellow to white

Page 48: Pest Management

Mosaic• Caused by viruses that make

the leaves have irregular mottled areas with patterns ranging from dark green to light green to yellow to white

Page 49: Pest Management

Mosaic

Page 50: Pest Management

Others Diseases

Page 51: Pest Management

Canker• Causes open wounds on woody

plants

Page 52: Pest Management

Canker

Page 53: Pest Management

Rots• Cause plant to decay and die

Page 54: Pest Management

Smut• A black, powdery disease that

causes blisters that burst open releasing black spores

Page 55: Pest Management

Smut

Page 56: Pest Management

Wilt• A disease that blocks the

uptake of water in plant stems causing plants to wilt

Page 57: Pest Management

Wilt