Paragraph writing by ista

FINDING AND CHOOSING A TOPIC Topic is something (s) or someone (s)

described,explained,narrated or discussed.

Topic is not identical with the title My english classroom My clean english classroom

1. My english student

2. Mr.Yakin is student

3. My english teacher

4. My english classroom

5. English learning facilities6. Best student in our english class

Topic may relate to social,politics,economy,culture,science and technology. (berhubungan dengan banyak hal)

example : my english classroom ( berhubungan dengan education) The salaries and english teacher in

indonesia Teaching english based on 2013 curriculum Learning tradition in english students our

class( the culture)

Brainstorming is the best way to find the topic easily

PREWRITING Once you have decided on atopic for

your essay,asking yourself questions often helps to plan the ideas and the structure of the essay

WHO am I writing about ? ( a person group of people)

WHAT ( an event,problem,belief,process) WHEN ( a contemporary person,event,situation,the

past,the future) WHY ( a person,place,event problem,belief) WHERE (people,took place,exist) HOW ( the person involved,the event or stuation

begin,can it be changed?)

TITLE / TOPIC : MY ENGLISH CLASSROOMCondition

tools persons Part of building

electronics

color

Windclean

ChairTableWhiteboardPenPaperDiskEraserBagCupboardBookHelmetGlassescarpet

Lecturerstudent

CielingDoorWindowFloorwall

FanElectricityHandphoneLampLCDlaptop

green

Tulislah salah satu topic dan buatlah tabel

PARAGRAPH OUTLINING

ESSAY OUTLININGAn outline is a method of organizing

material that shows the order of the topics in your writing.It makes the writing easier to do because it allows us to focus on one stage of the essay at a time.The Outline allows us ( the writer/s) to see the relationships between the ideas,to identify lesser / subordinate items, to emphasize more important information,and to visualize the progression of ideas in allogical manner.Usually an essay outline consists of words and phrases,

EXAMPLE 1 (WORDS/PHRASES) :Phrases :I. Introduction (three srious problems in the rural

areas in Egypt)II. Poverty as the overriding factorIII. Poorly educated peopleIV. Unused medical careV. ConclusionWordsVI. ProblemsVII. PovertyVIII. EducationIX. HealthX. conclusion

EXAMPLE 2 (COMPLETE SENTENCES):

I. Rural areas in Egypt have three serious problems.

II. Poverty is the overriding actor in Egypt’s rural areas.

III. The people in the rural areas are rarely educated

IV. Medical care is unused although it is avaiable

V. conclusion

BODY PARAGRAPH OUTLINE

I. Introduction (leading to the thesis Statement/TS) (.....Words)

II. Body paragraph: On this line a phrase or simple sentence

indicating the topic sentence(Topic Sentence) (....Words)

A.

B. Sporting details for TS

c.

1. Sporting details for C

2.

III. Body paragraph : phrase/SS indicating the topic sentence (.....words)

A.

1.

2.

B.

C.

1.

2.

IV. Conclusion : phrase indicating concluding ideas (....Words)

EXAMPLETopic : The difficulties in learning EnglishI. Learning english is difficult (TS (statement))II. English is a foreign language

A. it is not our national languageB. It is not our mother tongue tooC. It is not used in our everyday life

1. At home most people speak their native language2. english is only used at special places

and time

III. English the structure is quite different with IndonesianA.

COMPONENTS OF AN ESSAY

Topic sentence

details

Thesis statement

bodies

Introduction

conclusion

TS

details

conclusion

paragraph

Topic

(pre writing)

Brainstorming

Listening

(words/phrases) topic outlineOutlinning

sentence

THE COMPONENT OF AN ESSAYAn essay consists of at leats three

components,those are,the introduction,the body and the conclusion.

The introduction is the general statement(s) witch you should make your audience interested in your topic,and should lead logically to your thesis statement.

The body is the paragraph(s) you have been studying in the first section of the text that has the overall structure of the body paragraphs of an essay.

The conclusion is the statement(s) which borrow from everything that has gone before,summarizing without repeating exactly,suggesting,or predicting.In so doingit gives the essay its final shape,and gives writers single last chance to show that their thesis are valid.

The picture below shows us the relationship of the components.

EXAMPLE OF INTRODUCTION PARAGRAPHInteresting Places In My Town (title)

Banjarmasin in the capital of south Kalimantan Province.As the capital,it has many public facilities and some natural potentialities.There are a lot of schools,traditional markets,modem malls,public and private banks,goverment offices,worship places.Also,there are some islands,rivers and bridges.however,some places in this town are interesting to visit.(Thesis Statement)

TV CHANGES AMERICAN LIFE ( TITLE)

Since 1950s, media have grown fast in the United States.TV started to replace radio at their homes.They used this kind of medium to get information,to have education as well as to entertain for themselves.Today writers and scientists believe that TV would make or bring the family closer together.(Thesis Statement)

EXAMPLE THE BODY OF THE PARAGRAPH

The first place that is interested to visit is floating market in Kuin river in the district of Banjarmasin Utara ( Northen Banjarmasin).It is really interesting because people can spend on the canoe eating traditional cakes and drinking tea or coffee sold on another canoe.Also,they can see the villagers selling and buying many kinds

Flower island also called by Monkey island is the second interesting place in my town.Here people can see a lot of monkeys in black,grey and a little bit yellow colour.In holiday,many people come to this island.They are particularly the Chinese who believe that the monkeys are the incarnation of the deaths.

INTRODUCTIONIntroduction contains general

statement(s) with which the audience can be interested in our topic.Logically the statement(s) leads to our thesis

GOOD INTRODUCTIONIntroduction should :1. Be opened with a general statement

that realtes to the thesis2. Give the reader the basic factual

information needed to understand the paragraphs that follow

3. Gradually narrows to the single point of opinion or the thesis statement

THESS STATEMENT Thesis statement is generally

CHARACTERISTICS Thesis statement shoul be1. Strongest and clearest statement2. No ambiguous terms3. Not be a simple statement of fact so/no

possibilities for development.4. Come at the end of the introduction

paragraph5. Must not be expressed a question6. Contain of controlling ideas that will be used

in the topic sentences of the body paragraphs7. May contain an opinion or a judgment that

can be explained

STATEMENT OF FACT Examples :1. Many children swim on the river in

South Kalimantan. People like going on the river in South

Kalimantan2. Students go to school by taxi in the

morning. Students never go to school by taxi

IN TOPIC SENTENCEExamples :1. A good teacher has four qualities2. The qur’an is the most important