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Page 1: Our  country.hungary

Our countryHUNGARY

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The national emblems took shape over the course of centuries. Their

usage dates back to the early medieval period.

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The Holy Crown

A unique tradition took place in Hungary: only those who are

crowned with the Holy Crown of Hungary could be the consecrated

king of the country

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The Feszty Panorama

The painter Árpád Feszty’s gigantic work of art „The Hungarian

Conquest” is exhibited in the National Historical Memorial Park of Ópusztaszer. It was considered to be the main attraction of the millenial exhibition in London

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The Hungarian Parliament

The Hungarian Parliament is a source of national pride and the symbol of state, as

well as one of the largest and most beautiful buildings in Budapest. It was

built between 1885 and 1904, designed by the architect Imre Steindl. The National

Assembly meets here.

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The Esterházy Mansion of Fertőd

It’s often compared to Versailles. The period of 1768-90 can be considerd as the golden

days of the princely residence. The master of the mansion was a generous patron of

culture. Joseph Haydn was the most famous artist who lived and worked here for almost

30 years. The mansion has got 126 rooms with lavish interior.

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The EsztergomBasilica

This is the third largest church in Europe following St Peter’s Cathedral in Rome and St

Paul’s Cathedral in London and also the tallest building in Hungary. The country’s first king, Saint Stephen I was crowned here at the turn of the

years 1000-1001.

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The Great Calvinist Church of Debrecen

Hungary’s largest Calvinist Church. The central nave of

the Great Church is 55 metres in length and 15 metres wide. Hungary’s

independence was declared in this church on the 14th

April 1849 and Lajos Kossuth was chosen as the country’s Governor-President

within the walls of the church.

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Cathedral of Szeged

The church is a most magnificent feature of the 20th century Hungarian ecclesiastical architecture and the fourth largest church in the country. It has a capacity of five thousand people. There is an open-air theatre festival every year on the

large square in front of the cathedral.

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Eger CastleA handful group of poorly equipped, yet fanatically devoted defenders led by

Captain István Dobó resisted the overwhelming superiority of the Turkish

attacking forces for 38 days in 1552. In the end, due to its severe losses,

the Turkish host disgracefully retreated

under the cover of the night. Géza Gárdonyi’s novel, Stars of Eger,

records the heroic story of the Castle of Eger and

its defenders.

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Hollókő

Hollókő authentically preserves the image and traditions of a Palóc village; some of its

protected buildings are still inhabited. The ancient, protected part of the village has been a World

Heritage Site since 1987. The village’s tiny, shingled roof church dates back to 1889 and was

built from public donations.

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The Danube Bend

This region is one of the most beautiful landscapes in Hungary. The land is dotted with a number of picturesque historical settlements, like

Visegrád, Esztergom and Szentendre.

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Folk costume

The traditional folk attire of the Hungarians refers to the dresses worn by the peasant classes.

Although the tendencies vary from region to region the trained eye can read a person’s life

from their clothing. Every single region of Hungary has its own characterisitc outfit – Matyóföld, Kalocsa, Sárkör, Karcag or Kazár.

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Folk costumes

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Horseman culture

Hungarians have always been a horse – riding

nation. Szilvásvárad has a world-renowned and

recorded breed of Lipica horses. Apart

from breeding, Hungarian stock also

has a worldwide reputation in the field

of competition.

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Artisanship

The handmade articles were all crafted with a specific task in mind: the earthware was used to cook and store food, the clothes were designed to keep people warm, the whips cracked in the air.

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Pottery

Numerous branches of craftmanship have developed over the ages, but are all down to earth, simple and

practical. Peasant craftmanship is the pure source of

inspiration: simple, robust and natural.

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Folk musical instruments

In the history of folk instruments there are two

distinctive paths of development: those of brilliantly simple

instruments (reed and jug pipes) or extremely intricate devices, which require great skill and

proficiency .

Violin

Dulcimer

Zither

Sheperd’s pipe

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Lacework

The lacework of Kiskunhalas won the Grand Prix at the 1937 World Fair in Paris – defeating the

renowned lacework of Brussels – and is thus rightly considered to be one of the most beautiful

examples of lacework in the world. Lacework was originally the art of royal courts.

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Embroidery

Canvas embroidery originates from countrywomen. The embroidery of the region of Kalocsa

encompassed a range of fantastic colours and a rich conglomerate of shapes.

KarádiMatyó

Mezőségi

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Drávaszögi Torockói

SióagárdiTurai

Vásárhelyi

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Hortobágy

This is the largest alkaline plain in Europe, the most prominent natural wonder of Hungary. The region is home to the Hungarian Grey Cattle and the Racka

sheep. The longest stone bridge in Hungary, The Nine – Arch Bridge became a World Heritage Site in 1999.

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Balaton

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Lake Balaton or as we call it the Hungarian Sea is the largest lake in Europe. The water is

shallow, the average depth is 3 -5 metres. It has been a fashionable bathing resort since the 19th century. A growing number of tourists discover the hidden treasures of the lakeshore: Tihany,

Badacsony and Szigliget.

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Tisza

It is one of the greatest rivers in Central Europe with

over 600 kilometres in Hungary. The regulation of the river began in 1846 on

the initiative of István Széchenyi. The ‘flowering’ of the Tisza is a unique natural wonder: the yearly swarming

of may – flies is an unforgettable sight.

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The capricious river is also a serious danger. Floods are quite common and the huge mass of water sometimes causes breaches in the dike,

destroying lives and homes .

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Famous Hungarians

He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and medicine in

1937. He discovered vitamin C and its effects.

The ascorbic acid required for his experiements was

taken from the green peppers of Szeged allowing

him to cure scorbutic guinea pigs.

Albert Szent-Györgyi

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Dénes Gábor

In 1971 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for

his inventioin and development of the

holographic method. He worked in Germany and

Hungary and then settled in England in 1934, where

he became a renowned researcher.

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Zoltán KodályThe musical pieces and

educational works of the composer and

musicologist, Zoltán Kodály, make him one of

the most significant figures of classical music.

The so called Kodály Method named after him

is used in numerous countries in the world to teach music to children. The basis of this method

is to use singing, solmization and reading

sheet music strating from very early age. .

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Béla BartókHe is one of the

greatest composers and pianists of the 20th century. His works

were unique in the way he utilized certain

elements of traditional folk music and the

motifs of folk songs, which he collected and researched himself. His

works: Bluebeard’s Castle and the Wooden

Prince. He was a teacher at Columbia

University .

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Mihály Munkácsy.In 1870, from an early orphaned

carpenters apprentice and vagabond painter , he quickly became a well-known painter,

after he won the Gold Medal of the Paris Salon with his painting ‘The Last Day of a Condemned Man’. He became ‘the greatest Hungarian painter’ by virtue of

his large, religious paintings, referred to as the Trilogy: Ecce homo, Christ before Pilate and

Golgotha.

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Ernő Rubik

The most successful invention of the architect Ernő Rubik was the spatial, logical puzzle in

1976, known as ‘Magic Cube’ or ‘Rubik’s Cube’. In 1980 they sold over one million of it in

Hungary alone. It’s difficult to solve the puzzle, which requires skill, spatial sense and patience. Nowadays Mr. Rubik developes game softwares.

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István Szabó

Timeless figure of Hunfgarian film art and a maker of valuable films.

His film, Mephisto won an Oscar in 1982. His

directing skills have gained him over thirty awards in various film festivals over

the world. Some of his films: The Age of Illusions,

Lovefilm, Confidence, Meeting Venus or Taking

Sides and Sunshine.

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Ede Teller

The greatest physician of the 20th century was born in Budapest but he left Hungary at the age

of 18 and emigrated to the United States in 1934. In the cold war years, he played a key

role in developing the hydrogen bomb as well as focusing on the peaceful use of atomic energy.

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100-Member Gypsy Orchestra

The traditional, aristic work of the 100-Member Gypsy Orchestra is a highly unique, unparalleled cultural asset. The orchestra mainly consists of Roma musicians, who play both classical and

traditional Hungarian gypsy music. Their performance at the opening ceremony of the 1998 Lisbon World Exhibition was memorable.

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Zoltán Mága

Our county’s most famous musician came from a gypsy family. He plays both gypsy and classical music on the violin. He gives concerts all over

the world for the most prominent people – presidents, kings and royal families.

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Ferenc PuskásThe best known

Hungarian football player ever. His shots were indefensible. He

led the Mighty Magyars to victory as the captain of the Hungarian league between 1950 and 1954.

They played 32 consecutive matches

without ever losing a game. The most

memorable fray was the match with England in

1953 at Wembley Stadium: The Hungarian

boys beat the English team 6 – 3.

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László Papp

As an amateur, he won three olympic titles. His career was ruined by politics: although he was

supported for a while, in the crucial moment he wasn’t allowed to compete for the World

Championship title. He turned his back on fame and fortune and returned to his home country.

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Krisztina Egerszegi

Krisztina Egerszegi is the best Hungarian female swimmer and the youngest Olympic champion.

She won five Olympic gold medals. The fourteen year old girl became an Olympic champion in

Seoul and she came home with three gold medals from Barcelona. Nowadays she is more

proud of her three children.

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Judit PolgárThe best female player

in chess history, the only woman to achieve

the title of a grandmaster. She

managed to defeat her arch rival, Kasparov, in 2002. After giving birth

to her children she didn’t give up chess, she still possesses a

well-established prestige.

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Water - polo

Water-polo means just as much to Hungarians as football means to Brazilians or basketball to

Americans: no other country in the world has gained the kind of achievements in this sport that Hungary has. The team’s major figures include: Tibor Benedek, Péter Biros, Tamás Kásás, Gergely

Kiss, Zoltán Szécsi, Dezső Gyarmati.

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Pentathlon

There’s a legend surrounding the establishment of this sport: an army messenger had to get a

message across enemy lines to the other side of the river. He started on horseback, yet was soon spoted by the enemy, so he cut his way through with a rifle and a sword. His horse was shot, so

he swam across the river and continue his journey on foot, running.

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Canoeing/Kayaking

Rita Kőbán, Katalin Kovács or Natasa Janics

have done much to popularise the sport with

their amazing achievements and

multiple Olympic medals.

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Hungarian cuisine

Gulyás

Stuffed cabbage

Meat pancake of Hortobágy

Meat soup

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The secret of the international reputation of Hungarian cuisine is that

nothing is set in stone. It is still being shaped, creatively combining the traditions of

other nationalities. Rich soups, delicious main

courses and desserts can please the most fussy

stomach, taste or demand.

Strudel Lángos – fried dough

Dobos cake

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Wine

Tokaj, Villány and Eger are important wine regions in Hungary. Among the different types of

wines, which vary from region to region, everyone can find the most suitable. Cheers! -

Egészségedre!

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See you in Hungary!