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By John Yee Organic Rankine Cycle
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Organic Rankine Cycle

Feb 24, 2016

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Organic Rankine Cycle. By John Yee. Introduction. Organic Rankine Cycle ( ORC) Same working principle as Rankine cycle Organic – pentane, propane, ammonia, and coolants Uses for ORC Low-grade heat waste recovery. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

ByJohn Yee

Organic Rankine Cycle

Page 2: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)Same working principle as Rankine cycle

Organic – pentane, propane, ammonia, and coolantsUses for ORC

Low-grade heat waste recovery

Introduction

Page 3: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Energy generation is conventionally done using Rankine cycle with steamWater needs to be superheated to ~600C to prevent

condensation during expansion.Organic fluids

Evaporation at lower temperatures and pressuresLower temperature of waste heat can be used

Introduction

Page 4: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Energy generation from temperatures as low as 80C to 100C is possible

Carnot efficiency:

Introduction

Page 5: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Utilizes wastes (wood shavings, barks, sawing, chips) of a big sawmill

Thermal and electrical energyThermal heat and hot water

Nearby schools and hospital

Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis

Page 6: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis

Page 7: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Case 1: Max energy production ~5MWElectrical efficiency: 15.5%Net electrical + useful thermal: 33%

Case 2: Max thermal loadElectrical efficiency: 9.5%Net electrical + useful thermal: 71.8%

Similar systems have appeared in the lumber industry

Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis

Page 8: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Trigeneration – combined cooling, heating, and energy generationHeating: Condenser Q,outCooling: Single-effect absorption chiller

mixture of lithium-bromide (Li-Br) and water.

Trigeneration system with ORC

Page 9: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Trigeneration system with ORC

Page 10: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Trigeneration system with ORC

Page 11: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

ORC working fluid Octane(C8H18): Boiling point 125C

Overall efficiency: ~76%Electrical efficiency: 15%Ratio Electrical:Cooling: ~4Ratio Electrical:Heating: ~0.2

Trigeneration system with ORC

Page 12: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Geothermal heat sources vary in temperatures from 50 to 350C.

High-temp >220C are most suitable for commerical production of electricity with dry steam and flash steam systems.

<220C is most commonly available.

Low Temperature Geothermal

Page 13: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low Temperature Geothermal

Page 14: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low Temperature Geothermal

Page 15: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low Temperature Geothermal

Page 16: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Commercial cogeneration using natural gas

Internal Combustion Engine with ORC

Page 17: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Internal Combustion Engine with ORC

Page 18: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Internal Combustion Engine with ORC

Page 19: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Few common working fluids with different characteristics modeled

Internal Combustion Engine with ORC

Page 20: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Overall efficiency increase of ~5%41.8% -> 47.1%

Internal Combustion Engine with ORC

Page 21: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low temperature thermal electric generationNon-tracking concentrated solar collectors

180-200CWorking fluid: HCFC-123

Short half life

Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis

Page 22: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis

Page 23: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Irradiation: 750 W/m2

Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis

Page 24: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis

Page 25: Organic  Rankine  Cycle

Al-Sulaiman, Fahad. “Performance comparison of three trigeneration systems using organic rankine cycles”. Energy, vol. 36, pgs. 5741-5754. June 2011.

Guo, Tao, Huaixin Wang and Shengjun Zhang. “Comparative analysis of natural and conventional working fluids for use in transcritical Rankine cycle using low-temperature geothermal source”. Int. J. Energy Res, vol. 35, pgs. 530–544. May 2010.

Pei, Gang, Jing Li, and Jie Ji. “Analysis of low temperature solar thermal electric generation using regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle”. Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 30, issues 8-9, pgs. 998-1004. June 2010.

Stoppato, Anna. “Energetic and economic investigation of the operation management of an Organic Rankine Cycle cogeneration plant”. Energy, vol. 41, n. 1, pgs. 3-9. May 2012.

Vaja, Iacopo, and Agostino Gambarotta. “Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) bottoming with Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs)”. Energy, vol. 35, pgs 1084-1093. July 2009.

Bibliography