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Operation Research & Its Applications By Sunaina Hedav
20

Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Jan 22, 2022

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Page 1: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Operation Research

&

Its Applications

By

Sunaina Hedav

Page 2: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Contents History & Evolution

Impact of OR

What is OR

Scope of OR

Modelling in OR

Problem & Application

Page 3: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

History & Evolution

of

operation research

Page 4: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Operations Research originated in Great Britain

during World War II to bring mathematical or

quantitative approaches to bear on military

operations.

ORIGIN

Page 5: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 6: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

This theory motivated the United States. Successful results:

o invention of new fight patterns,

o planning sea mining and

o effective utilization of electronic equipment.

Success of British OR teams attracted the Industrial managers to

solve their problems.

Impact of OR in many Indian Industries

o Delhi cloth mills,

o Indian Railways,

o Indian Airlines,

o Hindustan Lever etc.

Effectiveness of operations research

Page 7: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 8: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Operations research (O.R.) is

the discipline of applying advanced

analytical methods to help make

better decisions.

Page 9: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 10: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

In agriculture : Every country is facing-

- the problem of optimum allocation of land to various crops in accordance

with the climatic conditions

- the problem of optimum distribution of water from various resources like

canal for irrigation purposes.

Thus, the best policies are made in this direction using OR techniques.

In marketing : With the help of OR techniques a Marketing

Administrator can decide :

- where to distribute the products,

- minimum per unit sale price,

- the size of the stock,

Also, we can see that OR techniques are used in -

Personnel management, production management, L.I.C, finance,

industries etc.

Scope

Page 11: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Modelling in OR

OR studies involve the construction of Mathematical

model.

The model is a collection of logical and

mathematical relationship that represents aspects of

the situation under study.

Page 12: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Different OR Models

• Transportation Model

• Assignment Model

• Production Model

• Queuing Model

• Replacement Model

• Job sequencing Model

• Network Model

• Markovian Model

Page 13: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 14: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Transportation problem (TP) is

the problem in which single commodity is transported from

various supply points called origin ( e.g. plants, factories ) to

different demand points called destinations ( e.g. godowns,

warehouses) and objective is to determine how many units to be

transported from different origins to different destinations so that

the total cost is minimum.

Page 15: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 16: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Replacement problem (RP) is

concerned with the problem of replacement of machines,

individuals, capital assets etc. due to their deteriorating

efficiency, failure or breakdown.

Page 17: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI
Page 18: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Queuing theory isthe mathematics of waiting lines which is extremely

useful in predicting and evaluating system performance. Traditional queuing theory problems refer to customers

visiting a store, analogous to requests arriving at adevice.

Page 19: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

So, finally we can say:

Wherever there is a problem, there is OR.

The application of OR cover the whole extent

of anything.

Page 20: Operation Research Its Applications - CDGI

Thanks