Open Educational Resources (OER) - A Quick Introduction

Open Educational Resources (OER)

A Quick Introduction

Guest Lecture

Faculty of EducationAllama Iqbal Open University (AIOU)

Islamabad, Pakistan

27th August 2014

Ishan Abeywardena MSc, MSc (Brunel), BSc (Bangalore), MIEEE, MBCS, MIET, MTA

Deputy Dean and Senior Lecturer School of Science and Technology

Wawasan Open UniversityPenang, Malaysia

Outline

• What are OER?• What are useful

OER?• OER Search• Useful OER Sources• OER vs. MOOC

What are OER?

“web-based materials, offered freely and openly for use and re-use in teaching, learning and research” (Joyce, 2007).

Joyce, A. (2007). OECD Study of OER: Forum Report, OECD. Retrieved December 12, 2011 from http://www.unesco.org/iiep/virtualuniversity/forumsfiche.php?queryforumspages_id=33.

OER

“teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions”

(UNESCO Paris OER Declaration, 2012)

OER

UNESCO. (2012, June 22). 2012 PARIS OER DECLARATION. Retrieved June 13, 2013, from unesco.org: http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/WPFD2009/English_Declaration.html

OER: Just another means of getting there…

basis for training the global masses

increased access

reduced costs

increased equity

Impact

What are useful OER?

How useful is a resource really?

Measures of usefulness

Openness

Accessibility

Relevance

Less useful resources are less desirable for teaching and learning needs….

What is Desirability?

Openness

Accessibility

Relevance

Openness

four ‘R’s model:

Reuse

Redistribute

Revise

Remix

Retain

Hilton, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four R‘s of openness and ALMS Analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37-44.

O in O

ER

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YkbeycRa2A

Lets watch a video on CC

BYBY-SA

BY-ND

BY-NCBY-NC-SA

BY-NC-ND

Unported

Ported

Accessibility

Access (ALMS)

Hilton, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four R‘s of openness and ALMS Analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37-44.

• Access to editing tools

• Level of expertise required to revise or remix

• Meaningfully editable

• Source file access

Relevance

Content repositoriesPortal repositories

Content and portal repositoriesMcGreal, R. (2010). Open Educational Resource Repositories: An Analysis. Proceedings: The 3rd Annual Forum on e-Learning Excellence, 1-3 February 2010, Dubai, UAE.

Curation

So…how do I find the material I need for my teaching?

Goo

gle

“Adv

ance

d Se

arch

” re

sults

for O

ER o

n Ch

emis

try

(24t

h M

ay 2

012)

Native search mechanisms perhaps?

i. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing of OER.

Encourage the development of user-

friendly tools to locate and retrieve OER that are

specific and relevant to particular needs.

(UNESCO Paris OER Declaration, 2012)

The Declaration

UNESCO. (2012). Paris OER Declaration, Retrieved September18, 2012 from http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/Events/Paris%20OER%20Declaration_01.pdf

Linked Open Data

http://linkeddata.org/static/images/lod-datasets_2009-07-14_cropped.png (accessed 23/06/2014)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uju4wT9uBIA

Lets watch a video on LOD

Useful OER Sources

http://www.pearsonlearningsolutions.com/pearson-bluesky/

http://www.globe-info.org/

OER vs. MOOC

“The large scale of the community, from several hundred to several thousand participants, maximizes the possibility that the “long tail” effect will enable someone with even the most esoteric interests within the overall focus of the MOOC to find people with whom to share and collaborate” McAuley, Stewart, Siemens, & Cormier (2010)

McAuley, A., Stewart, B., Siemens, G., & Cormier, D. (2010). The MOOC Model for Digital Practice. Retrieved 12 15, 2013, from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/MOOC_Final.pdf

“...what MOOCs will not do is address the challenge of expanding higher education in the developing world. It may encourage universities there, both public and private, to develop online learning more deliberately, and OER from MOOC courses may find their way, alongside OER from other sources, into the teaching of local institutions”. Daniel (2012)

Daniel, J. (2012). Making sense of MOOCs: Musings in a maze of myth, paradox and possibility. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 3.

Sentiment Analysis

What does the public think??

Paris OER Declaration 2012

https://about.twitter.com/company (15/01/2014)

• 230+ million monthly active users• 500 million Tweets are sent per day• 76% of Twitter active users are on

mobile• 77% of accounts are outside the U.S.• Twitter supports 35+ languages• Vine: More than 40 million users

The Twitter dataset used in the study consisting of tweets which include the terms ‘OER’ and ‘MOOC’.

Search Query Tweet History Timespan No. of Distinct Tweets

OER 1/11/2012 – 31/10/2013 12 months 1209

MOOC 1/05/2013 – 31/10/2013 6 months 2823

Change in public opinion on ‘OER’ vs. ‘MOOC’ for a 6 month timespan between May to October 2013

• there is an increasing amount of interest on MOOC;

• the public still hasn’t formed strong opinions regarding MOOC due to the novelty of the ideology;

• the positivity towards OER is growing.

Trends

Questions?

I will also be happy to answer your queries if you e-mail me via [email protected]

Thanks!

About…

Ishan AbeywardenaDeputy Dean and Senior Lecturer, School of Science and Technology, Wawasan Open University, Penang, Malaysia

• MSc in Wireless Enterprise Business Systems, Brunel University, UK.• MSc in Engineering Management, Brunel University, UK.• BSc in Computer Science, Bangalore University, India.• PhD Candidate in Computer Science, University Malaya, Malaysia. Areas of specialisation: text mining,

metadata, faceted search

Professional Member of– Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (MIEEE)– British Computer Society (MBCS)– Institution of Engineering and Technology (MIET)– Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP)– Microsoft Technology Associate (MTA)

Official Profile: http://www.wou.edu.my/IshanAbeywardena.htmlProfessional Profile: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ishansaResearch Profile: http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ishan_Abeywardena/Tech Blog: http://www.ishantalks.comE-mail: [email protected]

Media Sources• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Multimedia_icon.png/120px-Multimedia_icon.png • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Nuvola_multimedia.png/120px-Nuvola_multimedia.png• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Open_Clip_Art_Library_Piggy_Bank.svg/120px-Open_Clip_Art_Library_

Piggy_Bank.svg.png

• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Active_learning_-_jigsaw_map_of_Southeast_Asia.jpg• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F_800px-Ua-er9m-558-20070728.jpg• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Public_Bus,_Cairo_02.JPG• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Polski_Fiat_126p_in_Krak%C3%B3w_(MWM_2010).jpg• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PLM_2011_64_Jetalliance_Lotus.jpg• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YkbeycRa2A• hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu