NUCLEAR BATTERIES
NUCLEAR BATTERIES
SHEFFIN M BROLL NO: 46
S8ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGG
GOVT ENGINEERING COLLEGEIDUKKI
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS
CLASSIFICATION
BETAVOLTAICS
DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS
OPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERY
CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY
ADVANTAGES
APPLICATIONS
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION NUCLEAR BATTERIES CONVERT THE ENERGY OF PARTICLES
EMITTED FROM ATOMIC NUCLEI TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY UTILISES NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY POWER SUPPLIES IN THE INTERMEDIATE POWER RANGE LONG LIFE SPAN CLEAN , SAFE AND ENDLESS ENERGY PROMISING TECHNOLOGY
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS IDEA INTRODUCED BY TRACER LAB IN 1950 THERMO-ELECTRIC GENERATORS UTILISING KINETIC ENERGY OF PARTICLES PAUL BROWN’S NUCLEAR BATTERYMETHOD TO HARNESS MAGNETIC ENERGY EMITTED BY ALPHA AND BETA PARTICLES
CLASSIFICATIONTHERMOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERYBETAVOLTAICSDIRECT CHARGING GENERATORSOPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERYCATILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY
BETAVOLTAICS USES ENERGY FROM BETA PARTICLESA SILICON WAFER IS USED TO CAPTURE BETA PARTICLESRADIATION ABSORBED IN THE VICINITY OF PN JUNCTION CREATES ELECTRON HOLE PAIRS
BETAVOLTAICS
DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS
ENERGY RELEASED DURING RADIOACTIVE DECAY IS UTILISED IN SUSTAINING OSCILLATIONS IN A HIGH-Q LC TANK CIRCUIT
DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS
OPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERY
SCINTILLATOR PHOTOCELL TYPE: ENERGY OF BETA PARTICLES IS CONVERTED INTO LIGHT ENERGY BY PHOSPHER AND Pm2O3 MIXTURE.LIGHT ENERGY IS THEN CONVERTED INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
EXCIMER NUCLEAR BATTERY: A BETA EMITTER IS SUSPENDED IN A GAS OF EXCIMER TYPE.THE EXCIMER LINE IS SELECTED FOR RADIOACTIVITY INTO A SURROUNDING PHOTOVOLTAIC LAYER
CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY
CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY
BETA PARTICLES FLY FROM THE SOURCE AND ACCUMULATE ON THE COPPER SHEET. THE SHEET GETS NEGATIVELY CHARGED
ELECTROSTATIC FORCE OF ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE SHEET AND SOURCE BENDS THE SILICON CANTILEVER
WHEN THE SHEET TOUCHES THE RADIOACTIVE SOURCE THE ELECTRONS FLOW BACK TO IT AND THE ATTRACTIVE FORCE CEASES.THE CANTILEVER BENDS BACK
THIS OSCILLATORY MOTION IS USED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY
FUEL CONSIDERATIONS
AVOIDAL OF GAMMA IN THE DECAY CHAINHALF LIFEWATCH OUT FOR (ALPHA N) REACTIONSPARTICLE RANGE
ADVANTAGES
LONG LIFELIGHTSMALL SIZEHIGH ENERGY DENSITY
APPLICATIONS
SPACE APPLICATIONSMEDICAL APPLICATIONSMOBILE DEVICESAUTOMOBILES MILITARY APPLICATIONSUNDERWATER PROBES AND SEA SENSORS
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS AMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERIES
RECENT ADVANCEMENTSAMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERY DEVELOPED BY THE SCIENTISTS AT BEN GURION UNIVERSITY
OF THE NEGEV IN ISRAEL UNDER PROF. YIGAL RONEN ENERGY PRODUCED BY NUCLEAR FISSION OF Am242HYPERION NUCLEAR BATTERIES DEVELOPED BY HYPERION POWER GENERATION GENERATE ELECTRICITY FOR 25000 HOMES FOR ATLEAST
5YEARSNANO NUCLEAR BATTERIESTINY NUCLEAR BATTERIES
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
REFERENCESMCGRAW-HILL ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY,10TH EDITION,VOLUME 12,P:99-101www.wikipaedia.com/atomicbatterywww.physorg.comwww.sciencedaily.com/nukebatterywww.tfot.com“MU RESERCHERS DEVELOP PENNY SIZED NUCLEAR BATTERY
WITH LIQUID SEMICONDUCTOR” , FLORIN PANAITESCU, SOFTPAEDIA,12/08/2009
“AMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERY FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS: EVOLUTIONARY DESIGN”BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV,INTERNATIONAL YOUTH NUCLEAR CONGRESS 18-23 JUNE 2006, STOCK HOLM