New Technology for basin wide monitoring: GLIDERS

New Technology for basin wide monitoring: GLIDERS

Institut für Meereskunde

(University of Kiel, Germany)

Pierre Testor & Uwe Send (WP5 leader)

MFSTEP Partner 7

Deliverables D1-D7

Our role (WP5) :Preliminary studies for application of GlidersOperation/analysis/assessment/data dissemination

WP14 (Loïc Petit de la Villeon, Ifremer) :gliders data coordinator

WP15 (Nadia Pinardi, INGV) :committee, meetings, communication plan, data products, dissemination policy, end-user involvement

Webb Research Corporation (Falmouth, MA)

University of Washington (Seattle, WS)

Underwater Flight

Control of :

- buoyancy like profiling floats

- ascent/descent angle & direction effect on Roll & Pitch by moving mass center position

Vertical speeds ~5 cm/s Horizontal speeds of ~20-30 cm/s

Scripps Spray Univ. Washington

Webb Res. Coastal

Webb Res. Thermal

max depth 1500 m 1000-2000 m 200 m 1000 m

endurance ~1 year ~1 year ~60 days ~1 year

range ~7000 km ~6000 km ~1500 km ~6000 km

up & down profiles

~700 ~600 ~200 ~600

communication global global Line of sight

global

Line of sight

global

navigation GPS GPS GPS GPSIn situ measurements, transfer of data by satellite

1000 m

Typical use on a section of 300 km 8-10 km

15 days to cover the section

40 up & down profiles

12-14 autonomous repetitions of the section in 6-7 months

Opportunity to pilot the glider with two-ways communication system

deployment and recovery via a small boat from a local support base

T° S

(U,V)

Webb Res. glider data

Florida

O2T° S

FluorescenceW Opticalbackscatter

UW glider data

US Washington state

- Programmable to cover any section required

- Potential to collect multidisciplinary data

- Independent of operating ships

- Unattended operation for extended periods

- Can be serviced with small boats by local operators

- Suitable for a basin with complicated bathymetry

- Scales of Mediterranean are just right for glider-operated section

- Naturally provides data in real time

- Can be reprogrammed remotely, to respond to events, to meet vessels or to be replaced in case of failure/sensor drift

To be tested, explored and compared to other elements of an observing system

General objectives of WP5

Explore the capabilities of gliders by operating one real-time continuous glider repeat-section feeding the overall system

1/ Evaluate and choose which of the available gliders prototype should/could be used

2/ Determine the optimal application, capabilities and mission parameters in the MFSTEP application

3/ Develop a real-time data dissemination system for glider data

4/ Obtain data from the unattended glider repeat transects along one section in the Mediterranean

5/ Disseminate real-time data to the community and to the forecasting system during the TOP

6/ Analyze the data and assess the value of gliders

7/ Establish a European capability for operating gliders

A

BC

GLIDER :- Basin monitoring- Strait monitoring

VOS XBT network

local support bases

A: 800 km = 40 days / 100 up&down profiles

B: 200 km = 10 days / 20 up&down profiles

C: 400 km = 20 days / 50 up&down profiles

Methods

Months 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

Pre - TOP TOP Post - TOP

5100 Glider choice and mission parameters5200 Glider purchase and preparation5300 Development of real-time data system5410 Deployment during TOP5500 Dissemination of real-time data5610 Analysis of data5620 Technical analysis of glider data5700 Assessment of gliders in overall system

Planning

- scientific objectives / observations needed- bathymetry and expected currents- capabilities and endurance of the glider- location of land base - small-ship access to part of gliders tracks for comparison measurements

- speed- descent/ascent angle- max depth - sampling intensity- time spent at surface- two-way communication options

- UW glider - Scripps glider- Webb Res. Powered Glider coastal/thermal powered battery, max depth : 1000 mT, S & currents

TASK 5100 : Months 1- 6study ofthe optimal type application capabilities / mission parameters

TASK 5200 : Months 6-18Purchase, test, and preparation of one glider

TASK 5300 : Months 6-18Development of the real-time data dissemination system

Telemetry system (2-way communication) : Orbcomm/Globalstar/Iridium

Automatic routines Convert raw to physical dataChecks for consistency and data quality

Data path :Glider - operator - ADDC (WP14)

Fall 2003 : Webb’s during testing, for learning the useage and programming etc…Winter 2003 : glider in Kiel for preparation

TASK 5410 : Months 19-24Preparation, deployment and operation during the TOP

- Launching with boats from the local support base (CNR – IST)- Unattended operation- Measures of T°, S, currents

TASK 5500 : Months 19-24Dissemination of real-time data

- Proper functioning of the entire data stream- Towards the forecasting structure in the same way as XBTs and other data sets

TASK 5600 : Months 18-36Analysis and interpretation of the data collected

5620: technical analysis (performance, data return/quality, telemetry statistics, endurance, speed)

5610: physical analysis (new insights of upper and intermediate circulations in the Ionian basin)

Malanotte-Rizzoli et al. (1997, 1999)

Circulation of Surface Waters

AW

ASW

LSW

1987 & 1991

In 1991, strong 3 lobes anticyclonic eddyblocking input of AW in the Levantine basin

AW

ISW

ASW

AW

ISW

LSW

ISW

- Alongslope circulation- High mesoscale activity- No mid-basin jets- Northern branch : interranual- Pelops, Iera-Petra gyres detachments : not permanent features

May also affect intermediate waters

Hamad et al. (2002)

Lybian Eddiesformation

Alongslope currentinstabilities

- Alongslope circulation- High mesoscale activity- No mid-basin jets- Northern branch : interranual- Pelops, Iera-Petra gyres detachments : not permanent features

May also affect intermediate waters

Malanotte-Rizzoli et al. (1997, 1999)

LIW/CIW

Circulation of Intermediate Waters

CIW

LIW

1987

Lascaratos et al. (1999)

Malanotte-Rizzoli et al. (1999)

LIW/CIW

CIW

LIW

1991

Adriatic waters

Lascaratos et al. (1999)

TASK 5700 : Months 30-36Assessment of the value of gliders in the overall system

Evaluation of - value and potential in an operational system- complementarity/overlap with other elements of the system

Possible extensions- coastal monitoring- “virtual mooring”

Critical recommendation for the potential of gliders in a future Mediterranean Observing System