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New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission 1 October 2012
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New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Dec 28, 2015

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Page 1: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective

“A Unique Opportunity”

Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of UnitPorts & Inland Navigation, European Commission

1 October 2012

Page 2: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

The EU Port Policy Review

• EU 2020 & Growth prospects: shift in global economy, shift in EU economy, transformation of shipping logistics, new environmental and energy requirements: Engines for Growth

• Every individual port included in the trans-European Transport Networks has significant cross-border effects and EU relevance

• Port connections (sea-side, land-side) are a key factor for the smooth functioning of the internal and international market

• To a large extent, quality, efficiency and reliability of ports determine the overall performance of the TEN-T

Page 3: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

A «three pillar» approach

• Five years after the 2007 Communication on a European Ports Policy

1. TEN-T Guidelines and Connecting Europe Facility

2. Administrative Facilitation

3. Transparency and Regulated Market Access

Page 4: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

TEN-T metro map

Page 5: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

2. Administrative Facilitation

• European Maritime Transport Space without Barriers• Ongoing activity since 2009

• Actions in several fields:• Customs simplification for intra-EU traffic

• “Automatic” authorised operator• Third country call

• Phytosanitary and veterinary controls• Electronic transmission of documents – Reporting Formalities

Directive, e-Maritime, Blue Belt, Blue Lanes

• Blue Belt pilot project report (Staff Working Doc)

Page 6: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Transparency and Market Access

• Transparency• State Aid, accounting, charging

• Concessions• Horizontal Directive

• Port Services• Types, principles, pricing

• Port Labour• Free market access, training and qualification

Page 7: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Port services examined

• Pilotage• Towage• Mooring• Dredging• Icebreaking• Environmental and waste removal• Passenger• Security

Page 8: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Port services: Principles and pricing

• Principles• Safety, security, environment• Training and qualification• Public service obligation• No discrimination between private and public

But conditions!

• Pricing• Cost-base vs efficiency (price cap)

Concertation – conciliation mechanism

• Proportionality, non-discrimination

Page 9: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

2012 – 2013 Consultation process

• Full impact assessment: studies, research, evidence gathering, consultations

• Bilateral discussions with Transport / National Port Authorities in Member States

• Dialogue with main European organisations (workers, port authorities, operators, providers and users of port services)

• Conference on EU ports (25-26 Sep 2012):interim conclusions and way forward

• (Still) not possible to prejudge the outcome at this stage, either as to the extent or as the form of any proposals (2013)

Page 10: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

The Greek Port Policy Review

• Strategy• Organisation• Legislation• Infrastructure• Financial aspects• Administrative simplification• Administration (and administrative capacity)

Page 11: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Ports Strategy

• (Ideally) Part of a country-wide transport strategy• Vision – strategic goals

• Principles• (High-level) practical aspects

• Organisation, legislation, infrastructure, administration…

• Implementation strategy• Priorities, consultations• Time plan

Page 12: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Organisation

• “Landlord model” – or “Facilitator port”

• Legislator• The Ministry (or Ministries)

• Regulator• Clear description of tasks

Implementation of the model, oversight of “The Plan”, sanctioningCalls for tender? For land concessionsPrice arbitration for port-specific services

• Management• The Port Authorities

Calls for tender? For port services

• Operations• The local offices

Page 13: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Legislation – Land concessions

• One law for all concessions• Otherwise risk of distortion of competition

• Calls for tender according to stable criteria• Typology of terminals

• Contracts are administrative acts• Performance criteria• Supplementary conditions, e.g.

• General use – non-discrimination• Modal split, environment

• (“Spanish” model?)• …the case of no interest…

• Port authority operates – or not…

Page 14: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Legislation – Port-specific services

• The “Three Principles”• Safety, security, environmental protection• Training and qualification• Public service obligations

• Opening of the market(s)• But not all need be covered by service

concessionsE.g. towage, waste removal

• …in case of no commercial interest…• Organised by Port Authorities

• (The “Danish” model?)• The case of exclusive rights (most common)

• Pricing!The Regulator as arbitrator

Page 15: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Legislation -- Labour

• Is it a port-specific issue?• Stevedoring (under different terminology)

common in other industries as well

• Freedom to provide and to contract services• Operators can employ their own personnel

• Personnel needs to be properly trained and qualified• Avoid “social dumping”

• Change of concessionnaire• EU legislation on “Transfer of undertakings”

applies

• Dir on Temporary Work Agencies also applies

Page 16: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Ports with no commercial interest

• Actually, the case “…of no commercial interest…” is the rule

• All the more reason to provide rules for what effectively is the majority of the ports

• E.g. municipal ports need to be regulated as well• Rules need not be different• Legislation must cover the different structures

• “Door must remain open” for commercial competition• Opportunities can arise in unexpected areas

Page 17: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Port Authorities

• Principles• Optimisation• Cost efficiency• No duplication• Better co-ordination

• Grouping in Regional Port Authorities• Number and geographical coverage• Which ports are included

• Tasks• Development of its ports within the general ports

strategic planning

Page 18: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

The operational level

• An “operational antenna” in each port• Oversees the good functioning of the port

• Port-specific services• Billing for ports and service dues

• Emergencies• Safety and security problems• Environmental issues

Page 19: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Financial aspects

• Revenue• Port dues, port-specific services, concessions

• Expense• Running and major investments, port

maintenance

• Sustainability of Port Authorities and Regulator• Clear allocation of funding streams• “Who gets what”

• Structure needs to be motivational• In order for Port Authorities to perform well

• Important given the multitude of medium-sized and small ports and their organisation

Page 20: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Administrative simplification

• Greece, a traditional shipping country, with nearly 25% of the world fleet is very inefficient in logistics• Only in rank 69 (out of 155) in the Logistics

Performance Index of the World Bank• 2nd worst of the EU

• Inefficiencies lead to loss of trade• URGENT need to introduce

• Port Community Systems• Single Window(s)

Directive 2010/65

• Benchmarking!

Page 21: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Administration

• Political influence only at the level of the Strategy• (Most of) the remaining tasks is administration• In-house administrative capacity

• Involvement of Ministry officials• Continuity

• Recruitment criteria• Substantial training needs

• For new and existing personnel• AND for managers!

Page 22: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

Each crisis is an opportunity

Competition does not exclude solidarity

Page 23: New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission.

• Thank you for your kind attention• [email protected]