1 Networking: Terms Networking: Terms Domain Domain Download Download Upload Upload traceroute traceroute ping ping WAN/LAN WAN/LAN FTP FTP Encapsulatio Encapsulatio n n Packet Packet Router Router TCP/IP TCP/IP DNS DNS Bandwidth Bandwidth Baud Baud KB KB Mbps Mbps
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Networking: TermsNetworking: Terms
DomainDomainDownloadDownloadUploadUploadtraceroutetraceroutepingpingWAN/LANWAN/LANFTPFTPEncapsulationEncapsulation
PacketPacketRouterRouterTCP/IPTCP/IPDNSDNSBandwidthBandwidthBaudBaudKBKBMbpsMbps
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TermsTermsPacket – Collection of data at the “network” or IP layer.
Router – A device that uses IP address to move data from one computer to another. A router also identifies the optimal path for network traffic and “routes” or directs packets down that path.
TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol – These are communication standards that enable information to move across a network from one computer to another.
DNS – Domain Name System. A system of software & hardware that translates a domain name (friendscentral.org) to an IP address. See resolver below.
Resolver – Software that uses the DNS to translate a server name into an IP address. (www.friendscentral.org 65.61.134.112)
Bandwidth – Number of bits that pass through a given network interface in a given period of time.
baud rate – A measurement in bits/second
KB – Kilobyte – 1000 Bytes
Mbps – Megabit One Million bits
Top-level Domain – Highest level name server in the DNS (.com, .org ,.gov .edu, etc)
Download – Save data from a remote server to local machine
Upload – Place data from local machine onto a remote server
traceroute – Software utility that traces the path packets take to get to their destination
ping – Software utility that tells you how long it takes packets to reach their destination
WAN – Wide area network (Internet)
LAN – Local area network (FCS Lab)
FTP – File Transfer Protocol
Encapsulation – Process of adding more and more data to a network data transmission. Encapsulated data enables your messages to get to the right machine in the right order.
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Internet TimelineInternet Timeline
DarpaNet1969
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Networking - AddressingNetworking - Addressing URLURL
http://www.friendscentral.org/default.asp
E-MailE-Mail
Service Name File NameServer Name
Mailbox Name Top-Level DomainDomain Name
Domain Name Top-Level Domain
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Networking – DomainsNetworking – Domains
Domain HierarchyDomain Hierarchy
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Networking – DomainsNetworking – Domains
65.61.134.112
http://www.friendscentral.org
org
org
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Networking - TypesNetworking - TypesNode
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Networking - InternetNetworking - Internet
1
2
3 54
““Network of Networks”Network of Networks”
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Networking – RoutingNetworking – Routing
2
3 4 5
6
Google1
FCSSingle Point of Failure
Router – A device that uses IP address to move data from one computer to another. A router also identifies the optimal path for network traffic and “routes” or directs packets down that path.
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Networking – Communication StackNetworking – Communication Stack Open Systems InterconnectionOpen Systems Interconnection
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Networking – Data Networking – Data EncapsulationEncapsulation
Data:
Network:
Name, Address, Phone, Visa, 0231234490987111
Transport:
TCP info Name, Address, Phone, Visa, 0231234490987111 TCP info
TCP info Name, Address, Phone, Visa, 0231234490987111 TCP infoAddress Address
“Segment”
“Packet”
How Many Packets?What Order?
Who sent me?
Where do I go?
Transmission Control Protocol
Internet Protocol
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Address
Router Router
Internet
Hub
TCP info TCP infoAddress AddressDATA
Networking – Packet TransmissionNetworking – Packet Transmission
Data Data EncapsulationEncapsulation
TCP info TCP info Address
“Packet”
DATA
DATA
Hub
SOURCE
DESTINATION
“Segment”
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