FRIENDS PUBLICATIONS 12 Grammar - V Negative Sentences A ‘posive or affirmave sentence’ tells us that something happens or exists. A ‘negave sentence’ tells us that something does not happen or exist. A. Read the following sentences. Affirmave Sentences Negave Sentences 1. I am a musician. I am not a musician. 2. She is a singer. She is not a singer. 3. He was my classmate. He was not my classmate. 4. They are good cizens. They are not good cizens. 5. Some people were present there. Some people were not present there. The sentences on the leſt hand side are affirmave sentences. The sentences on the right hand side are negave sentences because they have the word ‘not ’ in them to express a refusal or denial. B. Read the following sentences. Affirmave Sentences Negave Sentences 1. She speaks politely. She does not speak politely. 2. The sun shines brightly. The sun does not shine brightly. 3. You write well. You do not write well. 4. He came very late. He did not come very late. 5. The gardener waters the plants. The gardener does not water the plants. � The negave sentence in present simple or past simple tense is formed with: do/does + not + base form of the verb (present simple) did + not + base form of the verb (past simple) 4
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FRIENDS P
UBLICATIO
NS
12 Grammar - V
Negative Sentences
A ‘positive or affirmative sentence’ tells us that something happens or exists.
A ‘negative sentence’ tells us that something does not happen or exist.
A. Read the following sentences.
Affirmative Sentences Negative Sentences1. I am a musician. I am not a musician. 2. She is a singer. She is not a singer. 3. He was my classmate. He was not my classmate. 4. They are good citizens. They are not good citizens. 5. Some people were present there. Some people were not present there.
The sentences on the left hand side are affirmative sentences.
The sentences on the right hand side are negative sentences because they have the word ‘not’ in them to express a refusal or denial.
B. Read the following sentences.
Affirmative Sentences Negative Sentences1. She speaks politely. She does not speak politely.2. The sun shines brightly. The sun does not shine brightly. 3. You write well. You do not write well.4. He came very late. He did not come very late.5. The gardener waters the plants. The gardener does not water the plants.
� The negative sentence in present simple or past simple tense is formed with:
do/does + not + base form of the verb (present simple)
did + not + base form of the verb (past simple)
4
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C. Read the following sentences.
Affirmative Sentences Negative Sentences1. I am going home. I am not going home.2. She is reading a book. She is not reading a book.3. The girls are laughing. The girls are not laughing.4. He was walking in the morning. He was not walking in the morning.5. They were plucking flowers. They were not plucking flowers.
� The negative sentence in present continuous or past continuous tense is formed with:
am/is/are + not + present participle (–ing form) (present continuous) was/were/ + not + present participle (–ing form) (past continuous)D. Read the following sentences.
Affirmative Sentences Negative Sentences1. I have a pet dog. I have no pet dog.2. We have a farmhouse. We have no farmhouse.3. You have a motorbike. You have no motorbike.4. They had a car. They had no car.5. This farmer had a cow. This farmer had no cow.
Sentences containing have/has/had show possession (= ownership). The negative sentence is formed with: have/has/had + no ‘No’ is another negative word which means ‘not any’. General Rules for making Negative Sentences: 1. The word ‘not’ is placed between the helping verb and the main verb. He is not walking fast.
helping verb main verb 2. The word ‘not’ is jointly used with the modal verb ‘can’. You cannot solve this problem.
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3. If helping verb consists of more than one word, ‘not’ is placed after the first one.
They will not be going by train.
helping verb main verb
4. If a sentence contains have/has/had to show possession, the negative sentences can be formed in the following two ways:
I have a computer. I have no computer.
I do not have a computer.
E. The following negative contractions (verbs + not) are generally used in the English language.
Full forms Contractions Full forms Contractions
am not amn’t does not doesn’t
is not isn’t did not didn’t
are not aren’t will not won’t
was not wasn’t would not wouldn’t
were not weren’t shall not shan’t
have not haven’t should not shouldn’t
has not hasn’t cannot can’t
had not hadn’t could not couldn’t
do not don’t must not mustn’t
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F. We use negative words like not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing, neither, nor, etc. to make negative sentences.
Read the following sentences to understand their uses.
Affirmative Sentences Negative Sentences1. It is raining. It is not raining.2. I have a car. I have no car.3. He always obeys his elders. He never obeys his elders.4. Only he knew the truth. None but he knew the truth.5. Somebody is in the building. Nobody is in the building.6. There was something in the room. There was nothing in the room.7. She is either Russian or Polish. She is neither Russian nor Polish.
A. Write the contracted forms of the words given in the brackets. 1. I (am not) ________________ going there. 2. She (is not) ________________ reading the newspaper. 3. They (are not) ________________ my neighbours. 4. I (do not) ________________ eat fast food. 5. I (will not) ________________ come tomorrow.
B. Change the following sentences into negative sentences. 1. He has two sisters. ________________ 2. They have a spacious house. ________________ 3. He had an office in Mumbai. ________________ 4. She is a doctor. ________________ 5. I am a student. ________________ 6. They are rich people. ________________ 7. She speaks Spanish fluently. ________________ 8. We ate fresh fruit. ________________ 9. My friends may come today. ________________ 10. She rang the bell. ________________
Exercises
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she well cook does not
C. Write the sentences in the correct way.
LEARNER’S DRILL
city not do aI live in
drink they not do coffee
not have pet she does a
he not milk like does
not pizza he does like
read she not French can
1.
every morning swim they do not
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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