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Natural resources By Sarala for her Daughter Joshitha Class v
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Page 1: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Natural resourcesBy Sarala for her

Daughter Joshitha Class v

Page 2: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

What are resources?

Page 3: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

All natural elements that are part of the earth and which humans need and value are called resources

Page 4: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Theses resources like air, water, sunlight, forests and minerals are called natural resources

Page 5: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Divided into … 1.Perennial resources 2.Renewable resources 3.Non-renewable resources

Natural resources

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Perennial resources sunlight winds Tides

These are always available to us, hence they are called perennial

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Renewable resources

Plants

Forests

soil

oxygen

water

Carbon dioxide

Animals

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Renewable resources

These resources can be renewed, re-grown or replenished…..

Page 9: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Renewable sources of energy

Also called alternative energy

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How ever the cost of developing renewable energy resources are very high……

Page 11: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Natural resources that can eventually get exhausted and can not be replenished are called non renewable resources.

Non renewable resources

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petroleum

Minerals Natural gases coal

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Since it takes millions of years for nature to replenish these sources, and it cannot keep up with speed at which we are using them.

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Minerals

These are naturally occurring substances that are found in rocks below the earths surface

They are obtained by process called mining

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Coal and petroluem

Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels as they are formed when rocks exert pressure on the remains of dead plants and animals

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They provide fuel for vehicles and cooking

Natural gas is used both as domestic and industrial fuel

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The burning of fossil fuels causes environmental pollution

A serious effect of environmental pollution is acid rain.

Page 18: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Beware!!!Renewable resources should be used at same speed at which they are replaced

If we keep using them carelessly at the current rate, they will soon become scarce and eventually die out.

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Example for Excess of usage of resources

If we keep cutting trees with out replacing them 1.We will loose our forests

2.We will loose soil

3.We will loose our plants and animals living there

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Can you think of any plant or animal that has become extinct?

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1.Land resources

2.Forest resources

3.Water resources

4.Mineral resources

5.Human resources

Natural resources in india

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India is blessed with all kinds of natural resources like:

Natural resources in India

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1.water-from rains, rivers, lakes, a long coastal line

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2.Land

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3.Wide variety of animals

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4.Wide variety of plants

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5.Plenty of sunshine

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6.sources of energy

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7. Minerals

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8. Human resources

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Land resources are greatest asset to our country

Land resources

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We are largely a land and agriculture based economy.

Due to varied land forms and climatic conditions prevailing in different parts of country, varied soil types have developed in different parts

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What is soil ?

Formation of soil

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It is topmost layer of the earth formed by rocks which have broken up and are finally divided and mixed with decayed animal and vegetable matter

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It is in this layer that plants can grow

Use of soil

Page 36: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Formation of soil is mainly due to breaking down of rocks.

It has taken thousand of years for soil to form, and this process is happening even today

Formation of soil

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Reasons for breaking down of rocks are:

Action of sun, wind and rain causes rocks to breakup and crumble

Rocks expand during day when it is warm and contracts in the nights when it is cool. This continuous expansion and contraction of rocks cause them to break into tiny pieces or cause cracks in the rocks

When it rains plants grow trough the cracks of the rocks. This makes cracks wider and help the process of breaking of rocks.

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Rains carry soil into streams and rivers and there it becomes part of silt

The wind can blow away some of the soil to other areas

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Types of soilBlack soil

Found in Gujarat and Maharashtra

Crops that grow in black soil are cotton,tobaco and ground nuts{cash crops)

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Red soil

Found in Andhrapradesh and Karnataka

Crops that grow in red soil are millets and tobacco

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Mountain soil

Found in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachalpradesh and Uttaranchal

Crops that grow in mountain soil are fruits like apple peach apricots and flowers

Fine grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds

Page 42: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Alluvial soil

Found in Punjab, Haryana, Bihar , Uttarpradesh and west Bengal

Crops that grow in Alluvial soil are wheat, rice(food crops) and sugar cane (cash crops)

Fine grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds

Page 43: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Laterite soil

Found in Kerala, Karnataka, Assam and Tamilnadu

Crops that grow in lateritic soil are tea, coffee and spices(cash crops)

Fine grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds

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Desert soil

Found in Rajasthan

Crops that grow in desert soil are oil seeds(cash crops) jowar, bajra(food crops)

Page 45: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Map of soils

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Crops grown in India (food crops)

Rice

Grown in west Bengal, Andhrapradesh, Tamilnadu, Odisha, Assam, Punjab, and Uttarpradesh

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Grown in Punjab, Haryana, Uttarpradesh, Maharashtra , Karnataka and Rajasthan

Millets

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Grown in Punjab, Haryana, Uttarpradesh, Maharashtra and Madhyapradesh

Wheat

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Crops grown in India (cash crops)

cotton

Grown in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Andhrapradesh

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Grown in Assam, Bihar, Odisha and Tripura

Jute

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Grown in Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Kerala and Tamilnadu

Tea

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Grown in Karnataka and Tamilnadu

Coffee

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Grown in Maharashtra and Rajasthan, Gujarat, Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Odisha, Madhyapradesh, Punjab and Haryana(soyabean, ground nut, sunflower, rape seed, sesame

Oilseeds

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Grown in Tamil nadu, Karnataka, Andhrapradesh Uttarpradesh and Maharashtra,

Sugar cane

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Wild life

Tiger is our national animal .Tigers are commonly found in 1. Foot hills of

Himalayas2. Monsoon forests in

central and southern India

3. Sundarban forests in Ganga-brahmmaputra delta

Tiger

Page 56: Natural resources /ICSE  5th class syllabus

Elephants Asiatic lion

One-horned rhinocerosLeopards

Snow leopards

Indian bisons/gaur

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Monkeys

Deer

Antelopes

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Snakes gharials

reptiles

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peacock

Other famous birds include 1.Parrots2.Kingfishers3.Pheasents4.Ducks5.Pigeons6.Cranes

Birds

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Forest resources

India has different kind of forests 1.Tropical evergreen forest(high rainfall) 2.Deciduous forests(high rainfall) 4.Alpine vegetation (mountain slopes)

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1.Tropical evergreen forest(high rainfall

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2.Deciduous forests(high rainfall)

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3. Desert vegetation(desert areas)

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4.Alpine vegetation

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The trees grown in these forests are :

1.Teak2.Eucalyptus3.Sandalwood4.Sal5.Pine6. Babool7.bamboo

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Water resources

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Perennial rivers

The rivers of northern part of India which receives from the melting of snow of the Himalayas are called perennial rivers

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Non perennial rivers

In southern India some rivers are non perennial. They are rain fed and depend on monsoons for water supply

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Northern part of India is more fertile due to flow of perennial rivers

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Desert states:

Desert states like Rajasthan and Gujarat depend on neibhouring states for irrigation water

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The force of running water is used

to produce electricity.

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Many multi purpose projects have been built on large rivers to supply water and electricity to different states

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Bhakra nangal project

This project is on Sutlej river

It benefits Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi and Rajasthan

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Damodar valley project

Damodar river benefits states of Bihar and west Bengal

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Indira Gandhi canal project

Is made on Beas ,Sutlej and Ravi rivers in states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. This project benefits some parts of Rajasthan

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Tungabhadra project

Is on Tungabhadra river. This project benefits Karnataka and Andhrapradesh

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Hirakud dam on the Mahanadi river in odisha is the worlds longest earth dam

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Mineral sources

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Iron

Iron is found in odisha, Karnataka , Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. Iron and steel plants are located in Rourkela, Bokaro and Bhilai

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Coal mines

Are located in eastern part of the country in the states of odisha, Bihar and west Bengal

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Oil and natural gas

Oil and natural gas are found in Assam, Gujarat, and Arabian sea near Mumbai

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Man power is one of the chief resource that our country has. our vast population is great source of labour which has contributed substantially towards the economic progress of our country

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Misuse of renewable resources

Felling of trees

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Killing of animals

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Pollution of water

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Misuse of non renewable resources takes years to replenish the non renewable sources. There fore, we should try our best to conserve them

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Conservation of resources

Saving water resources

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Saving fuel resources

Personal cars should be avoided

Avail public transport to save fuel

Regular pollution check should be done

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Saving energy resources:

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