Natural drugs carminatives

Dr. Yogesh V. UshirM. Pharm (Pharmacognosy), Ph.D.

Occurrence, Distribution, Organoleptic Evaluation, Chemical Constituents, including tests and

therapeutic efficacy of following categories of drugs;Carminatives and G.I. Regulators

Carminative and G.I. Regulators Carminative

a drug that relieves flatulence.(chiefly of a drug) relieving flatulence.a drug causing expulsion of gas from the

stomach or bowel. G.I. Regulators

Agent which regularizes the activity of GITIncludes stomachic, stimulants, appetizers,

aromatics, antiemetics, sialagogues, chologogues

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Drugs Umbeliferous fruits- coriander, fennel, ajown

Fruits belongs to umbeliferae family Have common characteristic as

Have ribes, stypods; morphologically Have vittae, carpophore; microscopically

Aromatic in nature Rich in volatile oil

Clove Ginger Asafoetida Nutmeg Cardamum Black pepper Cinnamon

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Nutmeg Synonym- Jaiphal, Myristica, Nutmeg butterBiological source- dried kernel of seed of Myristic

fragranceFamily- Myristicaceae Chemical constituents-

volatile oil and lipidvolatile oil consist myristicin, elemicin and saffrolethe fatty acids mainly palmitic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, lauric acidthe nutmeg butter or fat of nutmeg also known as ‘Banda soap’ (because of high % of fatty acid).

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, narcosis, rheumatism.

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CardamomSynonym- elaichi, Biological source- dried ripe fruits from

Elettaria cardamamumFamily- zingiberaceae Chemical constituents-

volatile oil and lipidvolatile oil mainly terpenoids as; cineole, borneol, eucalyptol, terpeneole.fixed oil, starch, and proteins; mainly in seeds silica present

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic. 12.11.2016

Black pepperSynonym- Kali-miriBiological source- dried unripe fruits of piper

nigrumFamily- PiparaceaeChemical constituents-

volatile oil (1-2.5%) which mainly consist l-phellandrene and caryophyllene. The alkaloid piperine and peperidine present. pungent resin, and starch also present

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment.

Now a day piperine used as a penetration enhancer in pharmaceutical industry. 12.11.2016

Clove Synonym- lavang, clove budBiological source- dried flowering buds of

Eugenia caryophyllusFamily- MyrtaceaeChemical constituents-

volatile oil, tannins, resins, terpenoids mainly eugenol, caryophyllene

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, dental analgesic, condiment.

exhausted clove is used in preparation of cigars and cigarettes.

clove oil used in increasing magnifying light intensity of compound microscope.

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Cinnamon Synonym- dalchini, kalmi dalchini, ceylon

cinnamonBiological source- dried inner bark of Cinnamomum

zeylanicumFamily- LauraceaeChemical constituents-

volatile oil , tannins, mucilage and starchcinnamon oil consist 60-70% cinnamon aldehyde and 5-10% eugenol. It also consist benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, pinene and cymene.

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment, dentifrices, antiseptic, mild astringent.

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Ajown Synonym- Bishop’s weed, owaBiological source-dried ripe fruits of plant

Trychyspermum ammiFamily-UmbeliferaeChemical constituents-

volatile oil, terpenoids as thymol, pinene, cymene. Also consist fixed oil, proteins

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment.In preparations of lotions and ointmentsAntiseptic, antifungal, insecticideAnthelmintic It gives in bronchitis and sour throat

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GingerSynonym-adhraq, ale, sunth, zingiberBiological source- rhizomes of Zingiber officinaleFamily- ZingiberaceaeChemical constituents-

volatile oil, resins (oleo-resins), fixed oil, starch, mucilage and terpenoids as, citral, borneol, cineol.taste of ginger ‘pungent due to gingerol and shogarone’odor due to shagole

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment, expectorant.Ginger

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AsafoetidaSynonym-hing, Devil’s dung, Gum AsafoetidaBiological source-incision to rhizomes & roots of plant

Ferula foetidaFamily- umbelliferaeChemical constituents-

Volatile oil, resins (oleo-gum-resin) as asa-resino-tannol. Terpenoid umbelliferone and ferullic acid. It consist sulphur compound in oil as in form of disulphide and tri-sulphide compound which are responsible for odor.

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment, in culinary preparation.Antiseptic in veterinary medicine.

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FennelSynonym-sauf, badisauf, fennel fruitBiological source-fruit obtained from Foeniculum

vulgareFamily-Umbeliferae Chemical constituents-

volatile oil, fixed oil, proteins. The main constituents of fennel oil is fenchone, anethol, phellanthrene, limonene, clavicol.pungent odor due to fenchonesweet taste and odor due to anethole.

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, expectorant, condiment.

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CorianderSynonym-dhane, dhaniya, coriander fruitsBiological source-dried ripe fruits of Coriandrum

sativumFamily-umbellifeaeChemical constituents-volatile oil, fixed oil, protein.

Coriander oil mainly consist of coriandrol (d-linalol), borneol, geraniol, pinene. It also consist Vitamin-A.

Use – Carminative, aromatic, flavoring agent, stimulant, stomachic, condiment.Used along with purgative to prevent gripping effect

caused by purgative drugs.

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Thank You……

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