M.tech Syllabus

5

APPLIED MATHEMATICS Common to 12MCM11/12MDE11/12MMD11/12MEA11

Sub Code : 12MEA11 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100

1 Approximations and round off errors: Significant figures, accuracy and precision, error definitions, round off errors and truncation errors. Mathematical modeling and Engineering problem solving :Simple mathematical model, Conservation Laws of Engineering.

8 Hours 2 Roots of Equations: Bracketing methods-Graphical method,Bisection method,False position method, Newton- Raphson method, Secant Method. Multiple roots, Simple fixed point iteration.

6 Hours 3 Roots of polynomial-Polynomials in Engineering and Science, Muller’s method, Bairstow’s Method Graeffe’s Roots Squaring Method.

6 Hours 4 Numerical Diffrentiation and Numerical Integratio n: Newton –Cotes and Guass Quadrature Integration formulae, ntegration of Equations, Romberg integration, Numerical Differentiation Applied to Engineering problems, High Accuracy differentiation formulae.

6 Hours 5 System of Linear Algebraic Equations And EigenValue Problems: Introduction, Direct methods, Cramer’s Rule, Gauss Elimination Method, Gauss-Jordan Elimination Method, Triangularization method, Cholesky Method, Partition method, error Analysis for direct methods, teration Methods.

6 Hours 6 Eigen values and Eigen Vectors: Bounds on Eigen Values, Jacobi method for symmetric matrices, Givens method for symmetric matrices, Householder’s method for symmetric matrices, Rutishauser method for arbitrary matrices, Power method, Inverse power method .

6 Hours 7 Linear Transformation: Introduction to Linear Transformation, The matrix of Linear Transformation, Linear Models in Science and Engg

7 Hours 8 Orthogonality and Least Squares: Inner product, length and orthogonality, orthogonal sets, Orthogonal projections, The Gram-schmidt process, Least Square problems, Inner product spaces.

7 Hours

6

Text Books: 1. S.S.Sastry “Numerical Analysis for Engineers” Tata Mcgraw Hill

Edition. 2. Steven C.Chapra, Raymond P.Canale“Numerical Methods for

Engineers”,fourth Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill. 3. M K.Jain, S.R.K Iyengar, R K. Jain “Numerical methods for

Scientific and engg computation” NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL Publishers.

Reference Books:

1. Pervez Moin “Application of Numerical methods to Engineering”.

2. David. C. Lay, “Linear Algebra and its applications”- 3rd edition, Pearson Education.

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FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Common to 12MAU12/12MCM12/ 12MDE12/12MEA12/

12MMD12/12MTE12


1. Introduction to Finite Element Method : Engineering Analysis, History, Advantages, Classification, Basic steps, Convergence criteria, Role of finite element analysis in computer-aided design., Mathematical Preliminaries, Differential equations formulations, Variational formulations, weighted residual methods 6 Hours

2. One-Dimensional Elements-Analysis of Bars and Trusses, Basic Equations and Potential Energy Functional,1D Bar Element, Admissible displacement function, Strain matrix, Stress recovery, Element equations, Stiffness matrix, Consistent nodal force vector: Body force, Initial strain, Assembly Procedure, Boundary and Constraint Conditions, Single point constraint, Multi-point constraint, Truss Element, Shape functions for Higher Order Elements, Co, C1 elements 8 Hours

3. Two-Dimensional Elements-Analysis of Plane Elasticity Problems: Three-Noded(CST) Triangular Element, Four-Noded Quadrilateral Element (QUAD 4), Shape functions for Higher Order Elements (LST, QUAD 8), Lagrange element, Strain-Displacement [B] matrix, Stiffness[K] matrix and Jacobian of CST and QUAD4 elements.

7 Hours 4. Axi-symmetric Solid Elements-Analysis of Bodies of Revolution under axi-symmetric loading: Axisymmetric Triangular and Quadrilateral Ring Elements. Strain-Displacement [B] matrix, Stiffness[K] matrix.

6 Hours 5. Three-Dimensional Elements-Applications to Solid Mechanics Problems: Basic Equations and Potential Energy Functional, Four-Noded Tetrahedral Element (TET 4), Eight-Noded Hexahedral Element (HEXA 8), Tetrahedral elements, Hexahedral elements: Serendipity family, Hexahedral elements: Lagrange family. Shape functions for Higher Order Elements

8 Hours 6. Beam Elements-Analysis of Beams and Frames: 1–D Beam Element, Problems.

5 Hours 7. Heat Transfer / Fluid Flow: Steady state heat transfer, 1 D heat conduction governing equation, boundary conditions, One dimensional element, Functional approach for heat conduction, Galerkin approach for heat

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conduction, heat flux boundary condition, 1 D heat transfer in thin fins. Basic differential equation for fluid flow in pipes, around solid bodies, porous media. 6 Hours 8. Dynamic Considerations: Formulation for point mass and distributed masses, Consistent element mass matrix of one dimensional bar element, truss element, beam element. Lumped mass matrix, Evaluation of eigen values and eigen vectors, Applications to bars, stepped bars, and beams.

6 Hours Text Books:

1. Chandrupatla T. R., “Finite Elements in engineering”- 2nd Edition, PHI, 2007.

2. Lakshminarayana H. V., “Finite Elements Analysis”– Procedures in Engineering, Universities Press, 2004

Reference Books:

1. Rao S. S. “Finite Elements Method in Engineering”- 4th Edition, Elsevier, 2006

2. P.Seshu, “Textbook of Finite Element Analysis”-PHI, 2004. 3. J.N.Reddy, “Finite Element Method”- McGraw -Hill International

Edition.Bathe K. J. Finite Elements Procedures, PHI. 4. Cook R. D., et al. “Concepts and Application of Finite Elements

Analysis”- 4th Edition, Wiley & Sons, 2003.

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THEORY OF ELASTICITY Common to 12MDE13/ 12MEA13/ 12MMD13

Sub Code : 12MEA13 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Introduction: Definition and Notation for forces and stresses.

Components of stresses, equations of Equilibrium, Specification of stress at a point. Principal stresses and shear stresses and Mohr's diagram in three dimensions. Boundary conditions. Stress transformation, Stress components on an arbitrary plane, Stress invariants, Octahedral stresses, Decomposition of state of stress,

8 hours 2. Introduction to Strain : Deformation, Strain Displacement

relations, Strain components, The state of strain at a point, Principal strain, Strain transformation, Compatibility equations, Cubical dilatation 6 hours

3. Stress -Strain Relations and the General Equations of

Elasticity: Generalized Hooke's; law in terms of engineering constants. Formulation of. elasticity Problems. Existence and uniqueness of solution, Saint -Venant's principle, Principle of super position and reciprocal theorem 6 hours

4. Two Dimensional Problems in Cartesian Co-Ordinates: Airy's

stress function, investigation for simple beam problems. Bending of a narrow cantilever beam under end load, simply supported beam with uniform load, Use of Fourier series to solve two dimensional problems 6 hours

5. Two Dimensional Problems in Polar Co-Ordinates: General

equations, stress distribution symmetrical about an axis, Pure bending of curved bar, Strain components in polar co-ordinates, Rotating disk and cylinder, Concentrated force on semi-infinite plane, Stress concentration around a circular hole in an infinite plate. 8 hours

6. Thermal Stresses: Introduction, Thermo-elastic stress -strain

relations, Thin circular disc, Long circular cylinder. 6 hours

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7. Torsion of Prismatic Bars: Torsion of Circular and elliptical

cross section bars, Soap film analogy, Membrane analogy, Torsion of thin walled closed tubes. 6 hours

8. Elastic Stability: Axial compression of prismatic bars, Elastic

stability, Buckling load for column with constant cross section. 6 hours

Text Books 1. Timoshenko and Goodier, "Theory of Elasticity"- 'McGraw Hill

Book Company. 2. Advanced strength and applied stress analysis, Richard G

Budynas, Second edition, Mc Graw Hill International, Edition 1999.

3. L S Srinath" Advanced Mechanics of Solids "- tata Mcgraw Hill Company.

Reference Books 1. T.G.Sitharam" Applied Elasticity"- Interline publishing. 2. Dym C. L and Shames. I. H, “ Solid Mechanics : A variation”-

App[roach, McGral Hilll New York- 1973 3. Sadhu Singh ," Theory of Elasticity"- Khanna publisher 4. Phillips, Durelli and Tsao, " Analysis of Stress and Strain "-

McGraw Hill Book. 5. Wang. C. T. “ Applied Elasticity”.

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FAILURE ANALYSIS


1.Introduction, Definition of Design, Design objectives Definition of failure mode, failure modes observed in practice; definition and description.

6 Hours 2.High Cycle Fatigue: Nature of fatigue, fatigue loading, Laboratory fatigue testing, S-N-P curves, Factors affecting S-N-P curves, influence of non zero mean stress, Multi-axial fatigue stress.

8 Hours 3.Concepts of cumulative damage, Life prediction and fracture control: Linear damage theory, Cumulative damage theories (Henry’s, Gatts, Marin, Manson theories) fracture mechanics approach to crack propagation

8 Hours 4.Use of Statistics in fatigue Analysis : Definitions, Population distribution, sampling distributions, Statistical hypotheses, Confidence limits , Properties of good estimators, sample size of desired confidence, Probability paper, comparison of mean’s and variance.

6 Hours 5.Fatigue Testing Procedures and Statistical Interpretations of Data: Standard method, constant stress level testing, Probit method, Prot method, Extreme value method.

6 Hours 6.Low Cycle Fatigue :Strain cycling concept, strain life curve, Influence of non zero mean strain and non-zero mean stress, cumulative Damage in Low Cycle fatigue, Influence of multi-axial state of stress, Relation of thermal fatigue to low cycle fatigue.

6 Hours 7.Creep, Stress rupture and fatigue: Prediction of long term creep behavior, Theories of predicting creep behavior, cumulative creep concepts.

6 Hours 8.Fretting: Variables of importance in the fretting process, Fretting fatigue, fretting wear and fretting corrosion, minimizing fretting damage. Wear and Corrosion. Elementary concepts.

6 Hours Reference Book:

1. Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design - Collin J A, , John Wiley & Sons 1981

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SYSTEM MODELLING

Sub Code : 12MEA151 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 Engineering Science: Overview of common themes in Engineering Science.

4 Hours Applied mathematics: Review of required mathematical methods.

5 Hours Mathematical modeling: Models, assumptions, scaling and real data.

6 Hours Linear systems: 1st and 2nd order linear ODEs with applications, phase space methods.

6 Hours Non-linear systems: Non-linear ODEs with applications, simple prototype equations.

6 Hours Stability: Classification of fixed points, linearization, Lyapunov methods, limit cycles.

5 Hours Bifurcations: Bifurcation in simple prototype equations, application to buckling.

7 Hours Perturbation methods: Regular and singular, application to fluid boundary layers.

6 Hours Chaotic systems: Routes to chaos, chaotic systems in Engineering Science.

6 Hours Reference Books:

1. “From Calculus to Chaos: An Introduction to Dynamics”- D. Acheson, OUP, 1997

2. “Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations ”. 3. “An Introduction to Dynamical Systems”- D.W Jordan, P. Smith,

OUP, 1999.

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MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS)

Sub Code : 12MEA152 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 Concepts of MEMS (Micro Electro mechanical system)- Principles, application and design.

12 Hours Classification and Consideration: Mechanical Systems, Fluidic Systems; Example and MEMS Architecture; Introduction to Micro-fabrication and Micromachining.

5 Hours Devising and synthesis: Micro Accelerometers as Micro Electro Mechanical Micro-devices

4 Hours Modeling of Micro Electro Mechanical System and Devices: Model developments of Micro Electro Magnetic, Mechanics and its application to MEMS, Direct current Micro Machines, Induction Micro Machine, Synchronous Micro Machine, Permanent – Magnet Stepper Micro Motors

15 Hours Controls of MEMS: Analog control of MEMS, Sliding mode control of MEMS, Digital control of MEMS

6 Hours MEMS Materials

3 Hours Examples in Synthesis, Analysis, Design and Fabrication of MEMS : Axial Electro Magnetic Micro Motor, Analysis of translational micro transducers

10 Hours Text Books:

1. “Fundamentals of micro fabrication”- The science of miniaturization-- Max J.Madou, Nanogen corporation, USA, CRC press, March 2002.

2. “Nano- and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems”-Second Edition, Sergey Edward Lyshevski, CRC Press, Boca Ratron London.

Reference Book:

1. “Integrated MEMS” - Sherif Sedky ,Artech House, Boston London.

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MECHATRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN Common to 12MDE153/ 12MEA153/ 12MMD153

Sub Code : 12MEA153 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Introduction : Definition and Introduction to Mechatronic Systems. Modeling & Simulation of Physical systems Overview of Mechatronic Products and their functioning measurement systems. Control Systems, simple Controllers.

6 Hours 2. Study of Sensors and Transducers: Pneumatic and Hydraulic Systems, Mechanical Actuation System, Electrical Actual Systems, Real time interfacing and Hardware components for Mechatronics.

4 Hours 3. Electrical Actuation Systems: Electrical systems, Mechanical switches, Solid state switches, solenoids, DC & AC motors, Stepper motors. 5 Hours

4. System Models: Mathematical models:- mechanical system building blocks, electrical system building blocks, thermal system building blocks, electromechanical systems, hydro-mechanical systems, pneumatic systems.

6 Hours 5. Signal Conditioning: Signal conditioning, the operational amplifier, Protection, Filtering, Wheatstone Bridge, Digital signals , Multiplexers, Data Acquisition, Introduction to digital system processing, pulse-modulation.

6 Hours 6. MEMS and Microsystems: Introduction, Working Principle, Materials for MEMS and Microsystems, Micro System fabrication process, Overview of Micro Manufacturing, Micro system Design, and Micro system Packaging.

7 Hours 7. Data Presentation Systems: Basic System Models, System Models, Dynamic Responses of System.

8 Hours 8. Advanced Applications in Mechatronics: Fault Finding, Design, Arrangements and Practical Case Studies, Design for manufacturing, User-friendly design.


1. “Mechatronics” - W. Bolton, 2 Ed. Addison Wesley Longman, Pub, 1999.

2. HSU “MEMS and Microsystems design and manufacture”- TMH.

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Reference Books:

1. Kamm, “Understanding Electro-Mechanical Engineering an Introduction to Mechatronics” PHI.

2. “Fine Mechanics and Precision Instruments”- Pergamon Press, 1971.

3. Shetty and Kolk “Mechatronics System Design”- Thomson. 4. Mahalik “Mechatronics” TMH. 5. “Mechatronics “HMT, TMH. 6. “Introduction to Mechatronics & Measurement Systems”-

Michel .B. Histand & David.G. Alciatore. Mc Graw Hill.

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ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY


1. Ferrous Metals & Alloys: Heat resistant materials: Iron based heat resistant alloys, heat resistant castings. Tool materials: Tool steels, selection of materials for tools & dies for various operations such as shearing, slitting, press forming, drawing, spinning, coining, extrusion, forging, die casting, rolling. Special topics in materials engineering: Selection for economy in manufacture, guidelines for selection of materials.

10 Hours 2. Non Ferrous Materials & Alloys: Aluminum: Wrought & cast aluminum alloys – properties. Copper: Properties of wrought copper alloys & copper alloy castings. Selection & application of copper alloys. Zinc & Tin: Properties selection & application.

8 Hours 3. Plastics General properties of plastics: Introduction, Polymeric materials to designers & selection of plastics. Plastic additives. Mechanical behavior of plastics.

10 Hours 4. Composites Introduction: Conventional engineering materials, What are composites? Functions of fibre & matrix, special features, drawbacks, processing, product fabrication, applications.

8 Hours 5. Intermetallics Properties and application of Titanium aluminides, Nickel aluminides, Iron luminides, Beryllides & Silicides.

5 Hours 6. Superalloys Properties, selection & engineering application of: Nickel based super alloys, Cobalt based super alloys & Iron based super alloys.

6 Hours 7. Ceramics Oxide surfaces, ceramic forming & metal ceramic interface.

5 Hours

Text Book:

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1. Engineering Materials, Properties & Selection - Ken Budinski & Michael K.Budinski, Prentice Hall.

Reference Books:

1. Materials Selection in Mechanical Design - Michael Ash by Butterworth – Heinemann.

2. Materials Selection & Applications in Mechanical Engineering - Dr.A.Raman, Industrial Press Inc.

3. Selection & Use of Engineering Materials - F.A.A.Crane, J.A.Charles & Justin Furness, Butterworth – Heinemann.

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ADVANCED FLUID DYNAMICS Sub Code : 12MEA22 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Review of undergraduate Fluid Mechanics : Differential Flow analysis- Continuity equation (3D Cartesian, Cylindrical and spherical coordinates) Navier Stokes equations (3D- Cartesian, coordinates) Elementary inviscid flows; superposition (2D).

8 Hours 2. Integral Flow Analysis: Reynolds transport theorem, Continuity, momentum, moment of momentum, energy equations with applications such as turbo machines, jet propulsion & propellors;

7 Hours 3. Exact solution of viscous flow equations: Steady flow: Hagen Poiseuille problem, plane Poiseuille problem, Unsteady flow: Impulsively started plate

7 Hours 4. Low Reynolds number flows:Lubrication theory (Reynolds equation), flow past rigid sphere, flow past cylinder

7 Hours 5. Boundary Layer Theory:Definitions, Blasius solution, Von-Karman integral, Separation, Thermal Boundary layer and heat transfer, (Laminar & turbulent flows);

7 Hours 6. Experiments in fluids: Wind tunnel, Pressure Probes, Anemometers and flow meters

6 Hours 7. Special Topics:Stability theory; Natural and forced convection; Rayleigh Benard problem;Transition to turbulence; Introduction to turbulent flows


1. “Foundations of fluid mechanics” - S. W. Yuan,SI Unit edition, 1988.

2. “Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics”- K. Muralidhar & G. Biswas, Narosa Publishers, 1999.

Reference Books:

1. “Physical Fluid Dynamics” 2nd edition – D.J. Tritton, Oxford Science Publications, 1988.

2. “Boundary Layer Theory” 8th edition, H. Schlichting, McGraw Hill, New York., 1999.

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DYNAMICS AND MECHANISM DESIGN Common to 12MDE23/ 12MEA23/ 12MMD23

Sub Code : 12MEA23 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Geometry of Motion: Introduction, analysis and synthesis, Mechanism terminology Planar, Spherical and spatial mechanisms, mobility, Grashoffs law, Equivalent Mechanisms, unique mechanisms, Kinematic analysis of plane mechanisms; Auxillary Point method using rotated velocity vector, Hall-Ault auxillary point method, Goodman’s Indirect method.

6 Hours 2. Generalized Principles of Dynamics: Fundamental laws of motion, Generalized coordinates, Configuration space, Constraints, Virtual work, Principle of virtual work, Energy and momentum, work and Kinetic energy of a system, Angular momentum, Generalized momentum.

6 Hours 3. Lagrange’s Equation: Lagrange’s Equation from D’Alembert’s principles, Examples, Hamilton’s equations, Lagrange’s Equation from Hamilton’s principle, Derivation of Hamilton’s equations, Examples.

7 Hours 4. System Dynamics; Gyroscope action in machines, Euler’s equation of motion, Phase plane representation, Phase plane Analysis, Response of Linear Systems to transient disturbances.

6 Hours 5. Synthesis of Linkages: Type, number and dimensional synthesis, function generation, generation and body guidance, Precision positions, Structural error, Chebychew spacing, Two position synthesis of slider crank mechanisms, Crank-Rocker mechanisms with optimum transmission angle, Motion generation; Poles and relative poles, polode, Curvature, Inflection circle.

7 Hours 6. Graphical Methods of Dimensional Synthesis: Two position synthesis of crank and rocker mechanisms, Three position synthesis, Four position synthesis (Point precision reduction), Overlay method, Coupler curve synthesis, cognant linkages.

8 Hours 7. Analytical Methods of Dimensional Synthesis: Freudenstein’s equation for four bar mechanism and slider crank mechanism, Examples, Bloch’s method of synthesis, Analytical synthesis using complex algebra.

6 Hours

20

8. Spatial Mechanisms: Introduction, Position Analysis Problem, Velocity and acceleration analysis, Eulerian angles.

6 Hours Text Books:

1. Kinematics, Dynamics and Design of Machinery - K.J. Waldron and G. L. Kinzel, Wiley India, 2007.

2. Classical Dynamics - Greenwood Prentice Hall of Indai, 1988. Reference Books:

1. Theory of Machines and Mechanisms - E.Shigley and J.J. Jicker McGraw Hill Company.

2. Mechanism and machine Theory - A.G.Ambekar, PHI, 2007. 3. Theory of Machines and Mechanisms - Ghosh and Mallick, East

West Press 2007. 4. Machines and Mechanisms - David H. Myszka, Pearson

Eduacation, 2005.

21

AUTOMOBILE SYSTEM DESIGN Sub Code : 12MEA24 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Body Shapes: Aerodynamic Shapes, drag forces for small family cars.

6 Hours 2. Fuel Injection: Spray formation, direct injection for single cylinder engines (both SI & CI), energy audit.

6 Hours 3. Design of I.C. Engine I: Combustion fundamentals, combustion chamber design, cylinder head design for both SI & C. I. Engines.

7 Hours 4. Design of I.C. Engine II: Design of crankshaft, camshaft, connecting rod, piston & piston rings for small family cars (max up to 3 cylinders).

7 Hours 5. Transmission System: Design of transmission systems – gearbox (max of 4-speeds), differential.

7 Hours 6. Suspension System: Vibration fundamentals, vibration analysis (single & two degree of freedom, vibration due to engine unbalance, application to vehicle suspension.

7 Hours 7. Cooling System: Heat exchangers, application to design of cooling system (water cooled).

6 Hours 8. Emission Control: Common emission control systems, measurement of missions, exhaust gas emission testing.

6 Hours Text Books:

1. Design of Automotive Engines, - A .Kolchin & V. Demidov, MIR Publishers, Moscow

2. The motor vehicle, Newton steeds & Garratte - Iliffee & sons Ltd., London

3. I.C. Engines - Edward F Obert, International text book company.

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Reference Books:

1. Introduction to combustion - Turns 2. Automobile Mechanic -, N.K.Giri, Khanna Publications, 1994 3. I.C. Engines - Maleev, McGraw Hill book company, 1976 4. Diesel engine design - Heldt P.M.,Chilton company New York. 5. Problems on design of machine elements - V.M. Faires &

Wingreen, McMillan Company., 1965 6. Design of I.C.Engines - John Heywood, TMH

23

ROBUST DESIGN


1. Quality by Experimental Design: Quality, western and Taguchi Quality philosophy, elements of cost, Noise factors causes of variation, quadratic loss function and variation of quadratic loss functions. Robust Design : Steps in robust design : parameter design and tolerance design, reliability improvement through experiments, illustration through numerical examples.

6 Hours 2. Experimental Design: Classical experiments: factorial experiments, terminology, factors. Levels, interactions, treatment combination, randomization, 2-level experimental design for two factors and three factors. 3-level experiment deigns for two factors and three factors, factor effects, factor interactions, fractional factorial design, saturated design, central composite designs, illustration through numerical examples.

7 Hours 3. Measures of Variability: Measures of variability, concept of confidence level, statistical distributions: normal, log normal and Weibull distributions. Hypothesis testing, probability plots, choice of sample size illustration through numerical examples.

7 Hours 4. Analysis and interpretation of experimental data: Measures of variability, ranking method, column effect method and plating method, analysis of variance (ANOVA), in factorial experiments: YATE's algorithm for ANOVA, regression analysis, mathematical models from experimental data, illustration through numerical examples.

7 Hours 5. Taguchi's Orthogonal Arrays: Types orthogonal arrays, selection of standard orthogonal arrays, linear graphs and interaction assignment, dummy level technique, compound factor method, modification of linear graphs, Column merging method, branching design, Strategies for constructing orthogonal arrays.

8 Hours 6. Signal to Noise ratio (S-N Ratios) : Evaluation of sensitivity to noise, signal to noise ratios for static problems, smaller - the - better types, nominal - the - better - type, larger - the- better - type. Signal to noise ratios for dynamic problems, illustrations through numerical examples.

6 Hours

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7. Parameter Design and Tolerance Design: Parameter and tolerance design concepts, Taguchi's inner and outer arrays, parameter design strategy, tolerance design strategy, illustrations through numerical examples.

6 Hours 8. Reliability Improvement Through Robust Design: Role of S-N ratios in reliability improvement; Case study; Illustrating the reliability improvement of routing process of printed wiring boards using robust design concepts.

5 Hours Text Books:

1. Quality Engineering using Robust Design - Madhav S. Phadake: Prentice Hall, Englewood Clifts, New Jersey 07632, 1989.

2. Douglas Montgomery: Design and analysis of experiments -Willey India Pvt. Ltd., V Ed., 2007.

3. Taguchi Techniques for Quality Engineering - Phillip J. Ross:, 2nd McGraw Ed. McGraw Hill Int. Ed., 1996.

Reference Books:

1. Quality by Experimental Design - Thomas B. Barker., Marcel Dekker Inc ASQC Quality Press, 1985

2. Experiments planning, analysis and parameter design optimization - C.F. Jeff Wu, Michael Hamada John Willey Ed., 2002.

3. Reliability improvement by Experiments - W.L. Condra, Marcel Dekker: Marcel Dekker Inc ASQC Quality Press, 1985

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TURBULENCE AND SHEAR FLOWS Sub Code : 12MEA252 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Introduction to Turbulence; defining characteristics; scale analysis; order of magnitude analysis; examples of turbulent flows.

6 Hours 2. Reynolds averaging; closure problem; mixing length and eddy viscosity models.

8 Hours 3. Dynamics of turbulence; energy transfer; vorticity

8 Hours 4. Statistical analysis; spectra; relevance to experiments.

6 Hours

5. Free shear flows: Detailed study of jets. 6 Hours

6. Free shear flows: Detailed study of wakes and mixing layers. 6 Hours

7. Wall-bounded flows: flat plate boundary layers; 6 Hours

8. Advanced topics: Modelling; Large eddy and direct numerical simulation.

6 Hours Text Books:

1. A first Course in Turbulence - H. Tennekes & J. L. Lumley, 1972, MIT press.

2. Turbulent Flows - S. B. Pope, 2000, Cambridge University Press. Reference Books:

1. The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow - A. A. Townsend, 2nd ed., 1976, Cambridge Univ. Press.

2. Statistical Fluid Mechanics - A. S. Monin & A. M. Yaglom, 1970, MIT Press.

3. Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence - G. K. Batchelor, 1953, Cambridge Univ. Press.

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ROBOTICS Common to 12MDE253/ 12MEA253/ 12MMD253


1. Introduction and Mathematical Representation of Robots: History of Robots, Types of Robots, Notation, Position and Orientation of a Rigid Body, Some Properties of Rotation Matrices, Successive Rotations, Representation by X-Y-Z, Z-Y-Z Euler Angles, Transformation between coordinate system,

Homogeneous coordinates, Properties of ,TAB Types of Joints: Rotary,

Prismatic joint, Cylindrical joint, Spherical joint, Representation of links using Denvit-Hartenberg parameters: Link parameters for intermediate, first and last links, Link transformation matrices, Transformation matrices of 3R manipulator, PUMA560 manipulator, SCARA manipulator, The planar four bar mechanisms, Three DOF parallel manipulator, A six-DOF parallel(hybrid) manipulator.

7 Hours 2. Kinematics of Serial and Parallel Manipulators: Degrees of freedom of a manipulator, Loop constraint equations. Direct kinematics of 2R and 3R manipulator,Puma560 manipulator, SCARA manipulator, Stanford arm, Planar four bar mechanism, Direct kinematics of Stewart-Gough Platform. Inverse kinematics of 2R, 3R manipulator, Inverse kinematics of Stewart-Gough Platform.

7 Hours 3. Velocity and Statics of Manipulators: Differential relationships, Jacobian, Differential motions of a frame ( translation and rotation), Linear and angular velocity of a rigid body, Linear and angular velocities of links in serial manipulators, 2R, 3R manipulators, Jacobian of serial manipulator, Three DOF parallel manipulator Velocity ellipse of 2R manipulator, Singularities of serial and parallel manipulators 2R, 3R, four bar mechanism, three DOF parallel manipulator, Statics of serial manipulators, Static force and torque analysis of 3R manipulator, Statics of parallel manipulator, Singularity in force domain.

7 Hours 4. Dynamics of Manipulators: Inertia of a link, Recursive formulation of Dynamics using Newton Euler equation, Equation of motion of 2R and 3R manipulators using Lagrangian, Newton-Euler formulation.

5 Hours 5. Trajectory Planning: Joint space schemes, cubic trajectory, Joint space schemes with via points, Cubic trajectory with a via point, Third order polynomial trajectory planning, Linear segments with parabolic blends, Cartesian space schemes, Cartesian straight line and circular motion planning, Trajectory planning for orientation.

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7 Hours 6. Control: Feedback control of a single link manipulator- first order, second order system, PID control, PID control of multi link manipulator, Non-linear control of manipulators-computed torque method, Force control of manipulator, Cartesian control of manipulators, Force control of manipulators-force control of single mass, Partitioning a task for force and position control- lever, peg in hole Hybrid force and position controller.

8 Hours 7. Actuators: Types, Characteristics of actuating system: weight, Power-to-weight ratio, Operating pressure, Stiffness vs. compliance, Use of reduction gears, Comparision of hydraulic, Electric, pneumatic, actuators, Hydraulic actuators, Proportional feedback control, Electric Motors: DC motors, Reversible AC motors, Brushles DC motors, Stepper motors- structure and principle of operation, Stepper motor speed-torque characteristics.

6 Hours

8. Sensors: Sensor characteristics, Position sensors- potentiometers, Encoders, LVDT, Resolvers, Displacement sensor, Velocity sensor- encoders, tachometers, Acceleration sensors, Force and Pressure sensors - piezoelectric, force sensing resistor, Torque sensors, Touch and tactile sensor, Proximity sensors-magnetic, Optical, Ultrasonic, Inductive, Capacitive, Eddy-current proximity sensors.

5 Hours Text Books:

1. Fundamental Concepts and analysis - Ghosal A., Robotics, Oxford, 2006.

2. Introduction to Robotics Analysis - Niku, S. B., Systems, Applications, Pearson Education, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. Introduction to Robotics: Mechanica and Control - 2nd Edition - Craig, J. J., Addison-Welsey, 1989.

2. Fundamentals of Robotics, Analysis and Control - Schilling R. J., PHI, 2006.

3. Robotics Control, Sensing, Vision and Intelligence - Fu, K, S., Gonzalez R. C., Lee C.S. G., McGraw Hill, 1987.

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EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES Sub Code : 12MEA31 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100

1. Introduction : Basic concepts of measurement methods, uncertainty, curve fitting and regression analysis.

7 Hours 2. Modeling and Simulation of Measurement System: Lumped analysis, first order and second order systems: frequency response and time constant calculation.

7 Hours 3. Temperature Measurement Design: Construction and Analysis of liquid and gas thermometers, resistance thermo meter with wheat stone bride. Thermo–electric effect. Construction, testing and calibration of thermocouples and thermopiles. Analysis of effect of bead size and shielding on time constant and frequency response characteristics of thermocouple. Optical techniques: Pyrometers radiation thermometers and interferometers.

7 Hours 4. Humidity measurement: Conventional methods, electrical transducers: Dunmore humidity and microprocessor based dew point instrument.

4 Hours 5. Flow and Velocity Measurement : Industrial flow measuring devices – positive displacement flow meters, application of Bernoulli’s Principles- Orifice meter, Venturi meter, Pitot tubes, Pitot static tubes; Hot-wire anemometer; 2D/3D flow measurement and turbulence measurement. Laser application in flow measurement. Flow visualization techniques. Pressure Measurement: Analysis of liquid manometer, dynamics of variable area and inclined manometer. Pressure transducers design and analysis.

11 Hours 6. Speed and torque measurement: Design and development of instrument for speed and torque measurement of rotating system; Application in I C engines (Dynamo meter).

4 Hours 7. Air Pollution sampling and measurement: Units for pollution measurement, gas sampling techniques, particulate sampling technique, gas chromatography.

4 Hours

8. Data Acquisition systems: Fundamentals of digital signals and their transmission, A/D and D/A converters Basic components of data acquisition system. Computer interfacing of digital instrument and data acquisition systems.

8 Hours

29

Text Books:

1. Experimental Methods for Engineers - Holman J. P. & Gajda W. J. (Jr.) 3rd Ed., International Student Edition, McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd. 1978.

2. Measurement Systems Application and Design - Doeblin E. A., 4th (S.I.) Edition, McGraw Hill, New York. 1989

3. Instrumentation, Measurements and Analysis - B.C. Nakra and K.K. Chaudhry, McGraw Hill

Reference Books:

1. Design and Analysis of Experiments - Montgomery D.C., John Wiley & Sons, 1997.

2. Experimental Measurements - Precision, Error and Truth, Barford N. C., Addison-Wesley publishing Co. Inc., 1967.

3. Modern Power Station Practice - BEIL.

30

FRACTURE MECHANICS Common to 12MDE321/ 12MEA321/ 12MMD321


1. Fracture mechanics principles: Introduction and historical review, sources of micro and macro cracks. Stress concentration due to elliptical hole, Strength ideal materials, Griffith’s energy balance approach. Fracture mechanics approach to design. NDT and Various NDT methods used in fracture mechanics, numerical problems.

6 Hours 2. The Airy stress function. Complex stress function. Solution to crack problems. The effect of finite size. Special cases, Elliptical cracks, numerical problems.

6 Hours 3. Plasicity effects, Irwin plastic zone correction. The Dugdale approach. The shape of the plastic zone for plane stress and plane strain cases, Plastic constraint factor. The thickness effect, numerical problems.

6 Hours 4. Determination of Stress intensity factors and plane strain fracture toughness: Introduction, analysis and numerical methods, experimental methods, estimation of stress intensity factors. Plane strain fracture toughness test, The standard test. Size requirements. Non-linearity. Applicability.

8 Hours 5. The energy release rate, the criteria for crack growth. The crack resistance(R curve). compliance, J integral. tearing modulus. Stability.

6 Hours 6. Elastic plastic fracture mechanics : Fracture beyond general yield. The crack-tip opening displacement. The use of CTOD criteria. Experimental determination of CTOD.Parameters affecting the critical CTOD.Use of J integral. Limitation of J integral.

6 Hours 7. Dynamics and crack arrest: Crack speed and kinetic energy. The dynamic stress intensity and elastic energy release rate. Crack branching. The principles of crack arrest. Crack arrest in practice. Dynamic fracture toughness.

6 Hours

31

8. Fatigue crack propagation and applications of fracture mechanics: Crack growth and the stress intensity factor. factors affecting crack propagation. variable amplitude service loading, Means to provide fail-safety, required information for fracture mechanics approach, Mixed mode (combined) loading and design criteria.

8 Hours Text Books:

1. Elementary Engineering Fracture Mechanics - David Brock, Noordhoff.

2. Fracture Mechanics-Fundamental and Application - Anderson, T.L CRC press1998.

Reference Books:

1. Engineering fracture mechanics - S.A. Meguid Elsevier. 2. Fracture of Engineering Brittle Materials, Applied Science -

Jayatilake, London. 3. Fracture and Fatigue Control in Structures - Rolfe and Barsom, ,

Prentice Hall. 4. Introduction to fracture mechanics - Karen Hellan, McGraw Hill. 5. Fundamentals of V fracture mechanisms - Knott, Butterworths. 6. Fracture –Liefbowitz Volime II.

32

SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES

Sub Code : 12MEA322 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Review of conservation laws: fundamental assumptions of Science and Engineering Consequences of the starting assumptions.

6 Hours 2. The Engineering Design Cycle with examples: Flaws and shortcomings.

8 Hours 3. Impacts of Engineering: Requirements of a good Design.

7 Hours 4. Engineering Alternatives: Alternative method vs Alternative Techniques; Examples such as CNG, Catalytic converters; Hybrid Engines etc.

8 Hours 5. Design of Renewable energy and sustainable systems I. Wind power

4 Hours 6. Design of Renewable energy and sustainable systems II. Solar power

5 Hours 7. Biomass and Wood Gasifier: Configurations and Design.

8 Hours 8. Long term environmental Impacts.

6 Hours

Text Book: 1. Science and culture - J.P.S Uberoi, Oxford University Press, 1978.

Reference Books:

1. An introduction to Thermal-Fluid Engineering (The Engine and the atmosphere) - Z.Warhaft, Cambridge University Press, 1997.

2. Dying wisdom - A.Agarwal and S.Narain eds. Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi, 1997.

3. Wood Energy Systems - O P Vimal & M S Bhatt, K L Publications, New Delhi – 1989

4. State of Art Report for small scale Gas Producer Engine Systems - A.Kaupp and J.R.Goss, Friedr Vieweg & Sohn Verlags, Gmbh, Braunschweig,1984

5. Biomass Gasification Principles and Technology - T.B.Reed, Noyes Data Corporation,Energy Technology Review, No.67, U.S.A., 1981

33

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS


1. Basic Concepts - Dimensionless form of equations; Simplified mathematical models; Hyperbolic, Parabolic & Elliptic systems; Properties of numerical solutions (Consistency, Stability, Conservation, Convergence and Accuracy). 8 Hours

2. Finite Difference Methods - Discretisation; Boundary conditions; error propagation; Introduction to spectral methods; examples. 8 Hours 3. Finite volume method - Surface & volume integrals; Interpolation & differentiation; Boundary conditions; Examples. 8 Hours 4. Gausian Elimination; LU decomposition; Tridiagonal Systems; Iterative methods; convergence; ADI & other splitting methods. 6 Hours

5. Multi-grid method - Coupled equations; Simultaneous solutions, sequential solutions & under relaxation. Non linear systems. 6 Hours 6. Initial value problem & Boundary value problems; Implicit & Explicit Schemes; 2D and 3D examples. 8 Hours

7. Heat and Mass transfer Problems; Multi Phase Flows. 8 Hours Text Books:

1. Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics, 3rd edition - J.H. Ferziger & M. Peric, Springer, 2002.

2. Numerical Solutions of Partial Differential Equations, Finite Difference methods, 3rd ed., - G.D. Smith, Oxford University Press. 1986.

Reference Books:

1. Computational Fluid Dynamics - T. J. Chung, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002.

2. Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers - Farlow, John Wiley, 1982.

34

POWER PLANT DESIGN

Sub Code : 12MEA331 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 1. Introduction – Historical review, Selection criteria.

2 Hours 2. Energy Sources, general, Fossil fuels, General, solid fuels, liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, Hydropower, general, Basic Theory, Advantages and disadvantages, Hydroelectric power plant costs, Energy and the environment.

4 Hours 3. Power Plant Cycles –Diesel power cycles, compression – ignition power cycles, Diesel power plants, Gas Turbines, Gas turbine power cycles, Gas turbine plants , Steam power plant, team turbine cycle, Reheat cycle, Regenerative Cycle, Combined Cycles, Nuclear power stations, Basic theory, Reactor Theory.

10 Hours 4. Heat –Exchanging Equipment – Steam generators, The function of a steam generator, boiler Theory of super heaters, Economizers and air heaters, Performance and testing of steam generators.

8 Hours 5. Thermomechancial Energy Converter I – Steam turbines, principles of steam turbines, steam nozzles, Simple impulse turbines, Turbine Compounding, Reaction turbines, Flow of steam through labyrinth packing, governing systems

6 Hours 6. Thermomechancial Energy Converter II - Compressors, Pumps, general Steam injectors, feed water temperature.

4 Hours 7. Power Plant Auxiliary Equipment- Fuel handling and burners, general principles of fuel handling, Burner design, Combustion chamber design, Draft System, Natural Draft, Mechanical Draft.

10 Hours 8. Power plant Economics – Engineering Economy, Load Curves, Demand factor, Power Plant costing, Costs, Interest.

8 Hours

Text Books: 1. Power plant Design - E.E.Khalil, Abacus Press,Gordon and Breach

Publishers,NewYork,1990. 2. Power Plant Engineering - P.K.Nag, 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw Hill,

2002.

35

Reference Books: 1. Principles of Energy Conversion - Culp Jr., McGraw Hill. 2. Power Plant Engg. - R.J. Rajput, Laxmi Publications New Delhi. 3. Steam Turbine Cycles - K.J. Salisbury 4. Steam Turbine Theory & Practice - W.S. Keerton 5. Boiler Furnaces – R. Dolezal 6. Power plant technology - El Wakel M.M, McGraw Hill.

36

NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER Sub Code : 12MEA332 IA Marks : 50 Hrs/ Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100

1. Solutions of differential equations :Euler’s method, Runge kutta method, systems of differential equation, boundary value problems, finite difference, assignments using MATLAB.

5 Hours 2. Solution of partial differential equations :Hyperbolic, parabolic & elliptic equations, assignments using MATLAB.

5 Hours 3. 1 D heat conduction & Convection : 1 D conduction equation, grid layout, discretisation, TSE & IOCV methods, stability & convergence, non linearities, solution methods, problems. Discretsation, upwind difference scheme, CDS & UDS, false diffusion, hybrid & power law schemes, TVD, stability of unsteady equations.

10 Hours 4. 2 D Boundary layers: Governing equations, adaptive grids, transformations, boundary conditions, source terms, overall procedure.

6 Hours 5. 2 D Convection- cartesian grids complex domain : SIMPLE –collocated grids, method of solution, smoothing the pressure correction. Curvilinear grids, unstructured grids, applications.

10 Hours 6. Phase change: 1D problems for pure substance, D problems for impure substance.

6 Hours 7. Numerical grid generation: Algebraic & differential equation methods, sorrenson’s method, unstructured mesh generation.

5 Hours 8. Convergence enhancement: Convergence rate, block correction, method of two lines, stone’s method, applications.

5 Hours Text Books:

1. Introduction to computational fluid dynamics - A W Date, Cambridge univ. press 2005

2. Numerical heat transfer & fluid flow - S V Patankar, Tata Mc Graw hill, edition 4, 2004

Reference Books:

1. Numerical methods using MATLAB - J H mathews, K D Fink, Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 4th edition 2005

2. Finite difference heat transfer - ozisik, Pearson , edition 4, 2002.

37

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS


1. Introduction: Automated systems need and applications. 4 Hours 2. Types of automation: Hard fixed automation, process automation, Rapid Prototyping and tooling. 7 Hours 3. Actuators: Hydraulic and pneumatic actuators. Design & control devices, Sequence operation of hydraulic/ pneumatic devices. 7 Hours 4. Design of systems: Designing of complete systems with hydraulic, Electro hydraulic, Electro pneumatic devices analysis and applications.

8 Hours 5. Analysis and Design of components: In material handling, feeders, orientation, escapement devices.

6 Hours 6. Control Design: Control design of automated systems’ stability, components and control actions. 7 Hours

7. Design for automation- Design of pneumatic and Hydraulic devices for Automatic assembly. 7 Hours 8 Modern Trends in automation: In manufacturing industry, Process Industry, automobile Industry. 6 Hours

Reference Books: 1) Industrial Hydraulics by Pippenger - Tyler Hick- McGraw Hill. 2) Fluid Power Control – Goodwin. 3) Sperry Vicker’s manual. 4) Machine design Hand Book – CMTI. 5) Control Engineering - K.Ogata 6) Pneumatic Systems by S.L. Majumdar.

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