Motion and Time Study Presentation Mayra Calderon

Motion and Time StudyMotion and Time Study““Time study is the one element in scientific management Time study is the one element in scientific management

beyond all others making possible the transfer of skill from beyond all others making possible the transfer of skill from management to menmanagement to men……....”” ––Frederick W. TaylorFrederick W. Taylor

Operations Management 345Operations Management 345Mayra CalderonMayra Calderon

Dr. FosterDr. FosterMay 2003May 2003

OverviewOverview

• Motion and Time Study DefinedMotion and Time Study Defined– HistoryHistory

• Details about Motion and Time StudyDetails about Motion and Time Study• Motion and Time Study in your Motion and Time Study in your

organization organization • Real World ExampleReal World Example• Summary of PresentationSummary of Presentation• Reading ListReading List

What is Motion and Time What is Motion and Time StudyStudy

• Motion Study is designed to Motion Study is designed to determine to best way to complete determine to best way to complete a repetitive joba repetitive job

• Time Study measures how long it Time Study measures how long it takes an average worker to takes an average worker to complete a task at a normal pacecomplete a task at a normal pace

History of Motion and Time History of Motion and Time StudyStudy

• Frank B. Gilbreth, Lillian M GilbrethFrank B. Gilbreth, Lillian M Gilbreth-1885, he begun to develop motion study -1885, he begun to develop motion study

• Frederick W. TaylorFrederick W. Taylor-1881, he started to develop time study-1881, he started to develop time study

History of Motion and Time History of Motion and Time StudyStudy

• Used Separately Used Separately

• Became interrelatedBecame interrelated

History of Motion StudyHistory of Motion Study• BricklayingBricklaying

• Tools UsedTools Used– Motion camera Motion camera

History of Time StudyHistory of Time Study• Started at a machine shopStarted at a machine shop• home with his familyhome with his family

• ToolsTools– Stopwatch & ClipboardStopwatch & Clipboard

Tools Used TodayTools Used Today…………..• ComputersComputers• Bar codesBar codes• Accustudy SoftwareAccustudy Software

Details of Motion and Time Details of Motion and Time StudyStudy

• Motion StudyMotion Study– Improve methodsImprove methods– It measures distance, or how much you It measures distance, or how much you

move to do a job, and how much you get move to do a job, and how much you get done in a period of timedone in a period of time

• Time studyTime study– Establish standardsEstablish standards– Looked at the average time it took an Looked at the average time it took an

average workeraverage worker

Computing StandardsComputing Standards• EstimatingEstimating• Performance recordsPerformance records• Stopwatch time studyStopwatch time study• Standard dataStandard data• Time study formulasTime study formulas• Work sampling schedulesWork sampling schedules• Queuing theoryQueuing theory

How to use Motion and Time How to use Motion and Time Study in your OrganizationStudy in your Organization

• ManufacturingManufacturing• OfficeOffice• BanksBanks• Department StoresDepartment Stores• HospitalsHospitals

How do you decide if you need to How do you decide if you need to do a Motion and Time Studydo a Motion and Time Study

• Are costs too high(is there a Are costs too high(is there a problem)?problem)?

• Why is there a problem?Why is there a problem?• How can it be solved?How can it be solved?• Which alternative is better?Which alternative is better?• Choose the best alternativeChoose the best alternative

Real World Example AReal World Example ACompany Using Time StudyCompany Using Time Study Cooper Hospital/University Medical CenterCooper Hospital/University Medical Center

• ProblemProblem

– HR Personnel was not very accessible to employees at HR Personnel was not very accessible to employees at the hospitalthe hospital

– Hard to reach the right person to answer questionsHard to reach the right person to answer questions– Inefficient voice-mail systemInefficient voice-mail system

Real World Example AReal World Example ACompany Using Time StudyCompany Using Time Study

Cooper Hospital/University Medical Cooper Hospital/University Medical CenterCenter

• Tools UsedTools Used– Bar-coding systemBar-coding system– Computer Computer OtherOther– Determining the busiest time of the dayDetermining the busiest time of the day– Establishing categoriesEstablishing categories

Real World Example AReal World Example ACompany Using Time StudyCompany Using Time Study

Cooper Hospital/University Medical Cooper Hospital/University Medical CenterCenter

• DiscoveriesDiscoveries– Majority of calls were for appointmentsMajority of calls were for appointments– Many calls from outside sources for job Many calls from outside sources for job

verificationverification

Results ContinuedResults Continued……....• ImplementationsImplementations

– New systemsNew systems– New positionsNew positions– Improving service and costsImproving service and costs

Motion and Time Study ProblemMotion and Time Study Problem

• There is a group of students There is a group of students stuffing envelopes. They have to stuffing envelopes. They have to put three different color-coded put three different color-coded pages in the envelopes(red, white, pages in the envelopes(red, white, orange).orange).

Motion and Time Study ProblemMotion and Time Study ProblemOperation Operation inserting inserting the color the color pagepage

1 cycle1 cycle 2 cycle2 cycle 3 cycle3 cycle T (min)T (min) RFRF NTNT

Color RedColor Red 0.020.02 0.060.06 0.030.03 0.0360.036 1.151.15 0.04140.0414

Color Color WhiteWhite

0.030.03 0.030.03 0.030.03 0.030.03 1.051.05 0.03150.0315

Color Color OrangeOrange

0.020.02 0.050.05 0.070.07 0.0460.046 1.001.00 0.0460.046

Motion and Time Study ProblemMotion and Time Study Problem

• Compute the standard timeCompute the standard time

• Compute number of envelopes Compute number of envelopes stuffed in one hourstuffed in one hour

SolutionSolution• To compute the standard timeTo compute the standard time

Adjust the normal cycle with an allowance factor of 10 Adjust the normal cycle with an allowance factor of 10 percentpercent

ST= (NT)(1-AF)ST= (NT)(1-AF) = (.1189)(1-.10)= (.1189)(1-.10) =.1070 min=.1070 min

To compute number of envelopes in one hourTo compute number of envelopes in one hour60 min/.1070min/envelope= 560 envelopes an 60 min/.1070min/envelope= 560 envelopes an

hourhour

Summary of PresentationSummary of Presentation• This presentation looks at Motion This presentation looks at Motion

and Time Study as a method to and Time Study as a method to reduce costs and increase reduce costs and increase productivity.productivity.

• The history of Motion and Time The history of Motion and Time StudyStudy

• Details of Motion and Time StudyDetails of Motion and Time Study

Summary of PresentationSummary of Presentation• Reasons to implement Motion and Reasons to implement Motion and

Time Study in your organizationTime Study in your organization• The use of Motion and Time Study The use of Motion and Time Study

at Cooper Hospital/University at Cooper Hospital/University CenterCenter

• An ExerciseAn Exercise

Reading ListReading List• Aharonson-Daniel, L.; Fung, H.;Hedley, A.J., Aharonson-Daniel, L.; Fung, H.;Hedley, A.J., Time studies in A&E Time studies in A&E

departments- a useful tool for managementdepartments- a useful tool for management, , Journal of Journal of Management in MedicineManagement in Medicine, Hong Kong. 1996. Vol. 10, Issue 3. , Hong Kong. 1996. Vol. 10, Issue 3.

• Anonymous, Anonymous, Program boosts efficiency of time-&-motion studiesProgram boosts efficiency of time-&-motion studies, , Plastics EngineeringPlastics Engineering, Brookfield Center. April 2002. Vol. 58, , Brookfield Center. April 2002. Vol. 58, Issue 4.Issue 4.

• Barnes, Ralph Mosser, Barnes, Ralph Mosser, Motion and Time StudyMotion and Time Study, John Wiley & , John Wiley & Sons, Sons, Inc., Los Angeles,CA.1980.Inc., Los Angeles,CA.1980.

• Dossett, Royal J., Dossett, Royal J., Work-measured labor standards- The state of Work-measured labor standards- The state of the artthe art, , Industrial EngineeringIndustrial Engineering, Norcross. April 1995. Vol. 27, , Norcross. April 1995. Vol. 27, Issue 4.Issue 4.

• Hayes, John R., Hayes, John R., Memo bustersMemo busters, , ForbesForbes, New York. April 1995. Vol. , New York. April 1995. Vol. 155, Issue 9.155, Issue 9.

Reading List ContinuedReading List Continued……..• Koepfer, Chris, Koepfer, Chris, Automating time studiesAutomating time studies, , Modern Machine ShopModern Machine Shop, ,

Cincinnati. September 2002. Vol. 75, Issue 4.Cincinnati. September 2002. Vol. 75, Issue 4.• Niebel, Benjamin W., Niebel, Benjamin W., Motion and Time StudyMotion and Time Study, Richard D. Irwin, , Richard D. Irwin, Inc., Inc.,

Homewood, Ill. 1988.Homewood, Ill. 1988.• Russell, Roberta S.; Taylor, Bernard W., Russell, Roberta S.; Taylor, Bernard W., Operations ManagementOperations Management, ,

Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.2003.Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.2003.• Stevens, Larry, Stevens, Larry, Time Study Prompts New HR EfficienciesTime Study Prompts New HR Efficiencies, ,

Personnel Journal, Personnel Journal, Santa Monica. April 1994. Vol. 73, Santa Monica. April 1994. Vol. 73, Issue 4.Issue 4.