Monitor and Control of Greenhouse Environment

MONITORING & CONTROL OF GREENHOUSE TEMPERATURE &HUMIDITY

Group Guide Group Members (S6LC) Raseena P.E Remya Devarajan(19) Sharon Jacob (29) Shinisha M.C (32) Susan Mary Wilson(37)

CONTENTS1. Greenhouse Basics2. Circuit Diagram3. Proposed model for automation of greenhouse4. Basic system model5. ADC6. Hardware description

7. Sensors8. Microcontroller9. Systems used in work model10. Softwares used11. Result analysis12. Advantages13. Disadvantages14. Future scope15. Conclusion

Greenhouse BasicsPlants grow naturally outside, so why do we need a structure to grow them in?

The basic function of a greenhouse is to provide a protective environment for crop production.

In this world everything is being automated & controlled so Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for optimum produce.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PROPOSED MODEL FOR AUTOMATION OF GREENHOUSE

The proposed system is an embedded system which will closely monitor and control the microclimatic parameters of a greenhouse.

To eliminate the difficulties involved in the system by reducing human intervention to the best possible extent.

Basic System Model

ADC

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

Sensors.

Analog to Digital Converter.

Microcontroller.

Actuators.

Liquid Crystal Display.

Sensors

Temperature sensor (LM35)

Humidity sensor (HH10D)

Light sensor (LDR)

Moisture sensor

Moisture sensor

Dry condition

Optimum condition

Excess water condition

LIGHT SENSOR

Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) also known as photoconductor or photocell,

It is a device which has a resistance which varies according to the amount of light falling on its surface. Since LDR is extremely sensitive in visible light range, it is well suited for the proposed application.

Humidity sensor (HH10D) The HH10D relative humidity sensor module is comprised with a capacitive type humidity sensor, a CMOS capacitor to frequency converter and an EEPROM used to holding the calibration factors. HH10D Humidity Calculation Algorithm :

Data Definition eeprom address

sensitivity Sens*2^12 10

Offset 2 byte value 12

TCS ---- 14

RH(%)= (offset - Soh)*sens/2^12

Temperature sensor (LM35)National Semiconductor’s LM35 IC has been used for sensing the temperature. It is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with an electrical output proportional to the temperature (in oC).The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to oxidation, etc.Formula Used:

Temperature ( oC) = (Vout * 100 ) / 5 oC

ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC 0809)

Easy interface to all microcontrollers.

8-channel multiplexer with address logic.

0V to 5V input range with single 5V power supply.

Analog world (temperature, pressure, etc.)

Transducer Signal Conditioning

Analog to Digital Converter

Microcontroller

MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52)Port details:

Port 0: Interfaced with the LCD data lines.

Port 1: Interfaced with the ADC data lines.

Port 2: Interfaced with the LCD Control lines and AC Interface control.

Port 3: Interfaced with the ADC control lines.

SYSTEMS USED IN WORK MODEDRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING SOIL MOISTURE

Drip, or micro-irrigation, technology uses a network of plastic pipes to carry a low flow of water under low pressure to plants

ARTIFICIAL GROWING LIGHTS FOR CONTROLLING ILLUMINATION

Fluorescent lamps Incandescent lamps High-intensity discharge (HID) lamps

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS COOLING EQUIPMENT:

Vents, Exhaust fans , Swamp coolers. HEATING EQUIPMENT:

Hot-water or steam heater, Electric heaters.

HUMIDIFCATION SYSTEMS Roof sprinklers increase the humidity by 5-10%. Pad and fan systems Mist and fog systems to maintain a healthy humidity level of 50

to 70%.

SOFTWARES USED

Proteus: For simulation

Keil: For programming

RESULT ANALYSIS LIGHT SENSOR

Illumination Status Transducer Optimum

Range

OPTIMUM

ILLUMINATION

0V-0.69V

DIM LIGHT 0.7V-2.5V

DARK 2.5V- 3V

NIGHT 3V-3.47V

TEMPERATURE SENSORTemperature range in degree Celsius Temperature sensor output(Vout)

100 C 0.5V150 to 200 C 0.75-1.0V20 0to 250 C 1.0-1.25V250 to 30 0C 1.25-1.5V30 0to 35 0C 1.5-1.75V350 to 400 C 1.75-2.0V400 to 45 0C 2.0-2.25V450 to 500 C 2.25-2.5V500 to 55 0C 2.5-2.75V550 to 600C 2.75-3.0V600 to 650 C 3.0-3.25V650 to 70 0C 3.25-3.5V70 0to 750 C 3.5-3.75V75 0to 80 0C 3.75-4.0V80 0to 850 C 4.0-4.25V85 0to 900 C 4.25-4.5V900 to 95 0C 4.5-4.75V950 to 1000 C 4.75-5V

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat display device made up of any number of color or monochrome pixels arrayed in front of a light source or reflector. Data can be placed at any location on the LCD. For 16×2 LCD, the address locations are:First line 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 through 8F

Second line C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 through CF

Logic status on control lines:

E - 0 Access to LCD disabled - 1 Access to LCD enabled

R/W - 0 Writing data to LCD - 1 Reading data from LCD

RS - 0 Instruction- 1 Character

Pin description of the LCD

ADVANTAGESSensors used have high sensitivity and are easy to handle.

Low cost system, providing maximum automation.

Low maintenance and low power consumption.

Natural resource like water saved to a great extent.

In response to the sensors, the system will adjust the heating, fans, lighting, irrigation immediately, hence protect greenhouse from damage.

Endangered plant species can be saved.

DISADVANTAGES

Complete automation in terms of pest and insect detection and eradication cannot be achieved.

No self-test system to detect malfunction of sensors.

Requires uninterrupted power supply.

FUTURE SCOPE The performance of the system can be further improved in terms of the operating speed, memory capacity, instruction cycle period of the microcontroller by using other controllers such as AVRs and PICs.The number of channels can be increased to interface more sensors which is possible by using advanced versions of microcontrollers.A speaking voice alarm could be used instead of the normal buzzer.Time bound administration of fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be introducedA multi-controller system can be developed that will enable a master controller along with its slave controllers to automate multiple greenhouses simultaneously.

CONCLUSIONThe greenhouse environment has to be closely

monitored so that plants grow in the best possible conditions. A plant that grows in an environment where temperature, moisture, light and humidity levels are ideal and continuous will be as strong and healthy as it can possibly be.

-