PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY 2009 1 BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA Student’s Copy PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY 2009 MODUL III PAPER 3 QUESTION 1 DISEDIAKAN OLEH: 1. Puan Hasimah binti Azit – Sekolah Seri Puteri, Cyberjaya 2. Puan Natrah binti Mohamad – SMA Persekutuan Kajang 3. Puan Mardiana binti Yusof – SMS Hulu Selangor 4. Puan Sarah Safarina binti Sabri- Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah 5. Puan Kamariah binti Zailan – SMA Persekutuan Labu 6. Puan Siti Asma binti Razali – Kolej Islam Klang 7. Puan Noorsyamsinar binti Kasim- SM Sains Selangor
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PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY 2009
1
BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
Student’s Copy
PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY
2009 MODUL III
PAPER 3 QUESTION 1
DISEDIAKAN OLEH:
1. Puan Hasimah binti Azit – Sekolah Seri Puteri, Cyberjaya 2. Puan Natrah binti Mohamad – SMA Persekutuan Kajang 3. Puan Mardiana binti Yusof – SMS Hulu Selangor 4. Puan Sarah Safarina binti Sabri- Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah 5. Puan Kamariah binti Zailan – SMA Persekutuan Labu 6. Puan Siti Asma binti Razali – Kolej Islam Klang 7. Puan Noorsyamsinar binti Kasim- SM Sains Selangor
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Answer all questions. 1. A group of students carried out an experiment to study the effect of temperature to rate of plant
transpiration. Diagram 1(a) shows an experiment set-up of the apparatus used in this experiment. The apparatus
are prepared and kept in laboratory with difference temperature. The whole experiment in Diagram 1 was repeated using different temperature.
Diagram 1 (b) shows the position of the meniscus at the initial of the experiment. Two points, P and Q are mark with 10 cm distance at the tube of potometer.
Table 1.1 shows the reading of temperature and location of meniscus in the tube of potometers after 5
minutes.
The location of meniscus in tube (X) of potometer
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Thermometers
after 5 minutes
Table 1.1
Table 1.1
(a) (i) Based on table 1.1 state two observations on the relationship between the temperature and meniscus.
Table 1.2 (ii) The following list is part of the apparatus and material used in this experiment.
Thermometer, stop watch, ruler, capillary tube, plant leaves, water
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Complete Table 1.3 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in this experiment.
Variable Apparatus material
Manipulated
Responding
Controlled
[3 marks]
Table 1.3
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment. ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(e) (i) Base on the Table 1.1, construct the table and record the results of this experiment which includes
following aspect:
• Temperature (oC) • The distance of meniscus movement (cm) • Rate of transpiration (cm/minute) [3 marks]
(ii) On the graph paper, draw the graph of rate of transpiration against the temperature.
[3 marks]
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(iii) Explain the relationship between the rate of transpiration and the temperature based on the graph.
[3 marks] Question 2: An experiment was done to study the effect of pH on the activity of amylase. Three test tubes labelled P, Q and R are filled with 10ml of amylase and later filled with 40ml distilled water, 40ml hydrochloric acid and 40ml sodium bicarbonate respectively.
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The 50ml of starch suspension was put into each test tube and the contents were stirred. Every two minutes a drop of the mixture from each test tube was dropped into a drop of iodine solution on a white tile. Changes in colour of iodine are observed. The figure shows the set of apparatus of the experiment.
(a) (i)
State the observations that can be made from the experiment.
i) Predict the time taken for change in colour of iodine from yellowish brown to blue black if 40ml of amylase is used in boiling tube P. Explain your answer.
A group of students carried out an experiment to study the inheritance of the colour of flowers in a plant. The colour of flower is controlled by single pair of alleles, red and white. The students used red and white button to represents the alleles for red and white flowers. Two black plastic bag, A and B, each containing a mixture of 50 red buttons and 50 white buttons were used to illustrate the cross.
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The students carried out the experiment as follows: Step 1: One button was drawn at random from each bag. Step 2: The colour of the button was noted and recorded in a table. Step 3: The buttons were returned to their respective bags. Step 4: The bags A and B were shaken to mix up the button randomly. Step 5: Step 1 to 4 were repeated until a total of 20 times.
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(a) (i) State two observations from the experiment based on the results shown in Table 1.1
(ii) State one inference from each observation in 1(a)(i) [3 marks] 1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Complete table 1.2 based on the experiment that was carried out.
(c) State the hypothesis for the experiment. [3 marks]
……………………………….………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (d) (i)If the allele for red flowers ( R) is dominant to the allele for white flower (r) , write down the
genotypes of all the draws in the table 1.1 using the letter R and r. [3 marks]
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(ii) Determine and write down the phenotype of each draw in table 1.1 From the results in table 1.1, calculate the ratio of the phenotypes obtained from the experiment. [3 marks] …………………………………………………………….………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(e) Explain the results obtained in 1(d)(ii) by using a genetic diagram. [3 marks]
(f) State the effect of the number of draws on the result obtained. [3 marks]
(g) Based on the experiment on the inheritance of the colours of flowers that the students had done, define Mendel’s First Law of inheritance. [3 marks]
(h) The experiment is repeated by increasing the numbers of red and white buttons from 50 to 100 in each bag. Predict the ratio of the phenotypes that you would obtain. [3 marks]
(i) Classify the list of materials shown below according to their function in the experiment.
[3 marks]
Material Function
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Question 5 An experiment is carried out to investigate the content of vitamin C in certain fruit juices. The method of experiment is conducted as follows:
1. Preparation of fruit juices shown in the diagram 5.0 below.
DIAGRAM 3.0
2. The steps is repeated for pineapple and orange juice 3. Standard ascorbic acid is used to decolorize the DCPIP as shown in the diagram 5.1 4. The experiment is repeated by using lime and pineapple juices. The result shown in the Diagram
5.2
The squashed is filtered to obtain the juice.
Fruit is squashed Fruit juices
Diagram 5.0
5 ml syringe
Ascorbic acid 0.1%
1 ml DCPIP 0.1% (dark blue) Colourless
Volume of ascorbic acid 0.1% used:
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Diagram 5.2 shows the result of an experiment. Fruit juice
Before Experiment After Experiment Volume of fruit juice
is used to decolorize DCPIP
solution / ml
Lime juice
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Pineapple juice
(a) (i) Based on Table 1.0, state two observations from the experiment. [3 marks]
(e) Concentration of vitamin C in the fruit juices is calculated using formula
Concentration of vitamin C = Volume of ascorbic acid used to decolourise DCPIP solution / volume of fruit juice used to decolourise DCPIP solution x 1.0 mg / dm3. Construct a table and record the results of the experiment which includes the following aspects: Type of fruit juices Volume of fruit juices required to decolourise DCPIP solution. Concentration of vitamin C [3 marks]
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(f) Explain the relationship between the volume of fruit juice required to decolourise DCPIP solution and the concentration of vitamin.
………………………………..…………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… . (ii) explain the relationship between volume of lime juice required to decolourise DCPIP solution and the time based on (h)(i). [3 marks] ............................................................................................................................................ ……………………………..……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(i) Based on this experiment, define vitamin C operationally. [3 marks]
Question 6 : A group of students carried out an experiment to determine the concentration of external solution which is isotonic to the cell sap of a plant. Figure1.1 shows the set up of apparatus for this experiment. By using a cork borer, a cylindrical potato strip was obtained. The potato strip was cut into 5 cm long. After 30 minutes , the potato strip is measured again and the final length of potato strip is recorded. The measurement of potato strip is shown in figure 1.2. The experiment in figure1.1 was repeated by using different concentration of sucrose solutions.
Potato strip (initial length – 5cm)
0.0% Sucrose solution
Figure 1.1
Ruler
Potato strip
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Figure 1.2
Final length of potato strip is:
5.8 cm
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Table 1.1 shows the results of the experiment.
Concentration
of sucrose solution
(%)
Potato strips after being immersed in solution
Final length of
potato strip (cm)
0.5
5%
10%
15%
TABLE 1.1
(a) Measure and record the length of potato strips and complete the table 1.1.
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(b) (i) Based on Table 1.1 state two observations that can be made from the experiment concerning the length of cylindrical potato strips.
(e) (i) Based on table 1.1 construct a table and record the results of the experiment which includes the following aspects:
o concentration of sucrose solutions o initial length o final length o percentage change in length of potato strips
[3 marks]
Aspect
Concentration of sucrose solutions (%)
0 0.5 5 10 15
Initial length/cm
Final length/cm
Change in length/cm
Percentage change in length/%
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(ii) On the graph paper provided, draw the graph of the percentage change in length of the potato strips against the concentration of the sucrose solutions .
[ 3 marks] (iii) Based on the graph in (d )(ii), state the concentration of the sucrose solution which is
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isotonic to the concentration of the cell sap of the potato strip. Explain your answer. ............................................................................................................................................ ………………………………..…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 3 marks] (f) Based on this experiment, what can you deduce about osmosis ?
(h) Classify the various sucrose concentrations used in this experiment by comparing with the osmotic concentration of the cell sap.
Sucrose concentrations (%) Types of sucrose solution compared to the osmotic concentration of cell sap
[ 3 marks] Question 7
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An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of environmental factor on the activity of yeast. Yeast reacts with sucrose solution to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide gas. The apparatus as shown in Diagram 1.1 is set up. 1cm3 of 1% yeast suspension is transferred using a pipette into a boiling tube P containing 5 cm3 of 1% sucrose solution. The initial level of the coloured liquid in the U tube is set at 0.0 mm. After exactly 10 minutes, the level of the coloured liquid is observed as shown in Diagram 1.
Diagram 1.1
The experiment is repeated by using boiling tubes Q, R and S fill with same volume of sucrose solution. The concentrations of solution used are 2%, 3% and 4% .
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The changes of the coloured liquid levels in the U-tube are shown in Diagram 1.2
Level of coloured liquid Boiling tube P (1%) Boiling tube Q (2%) Boiling tube R (3%) Boiling tube S (4%)
25.0 mm
35.0mm
45.0mm
55.0mm
Diagram 1.2 (3 marks)
(a) (i) Based on the results in Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 , state two observations that can be made from the experiment.
(f) (i) The volume of the carbon dioxide produced by the yeast in the boiling tube can be calculated using the following formula: The volume of the carbon dioxide produced (ml) = The cross-section of the glass tube
(mm2) X the distance travelled by the coloured liquid (mm)
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The volume of carbon dioxide produced (mm3) The rate of carbon dioxide produced = --------------------------------------------------------------------- Time taken for the coloured liquid to travel (s) Based on Figure 2, record the results of this experiment obtained in (c) in a table, given that
the cross section of the glass tube is 3 mm2. Your table should include the following aspects: • The concentration of the sucrose solution • The distance travelled by the coloured liquid • The rate of carbon dioxide produced
(3 marks)
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(ii) From the table in (f) (i) above, draw a graph of the concentration of the sucrose solution against the rate of carbon dioxide produced.
[ 3 marks]
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(g) From the table you have drawn in (f) above, explain the relationship between the
concentration of sucrose solution, the height of the coloured liquid and the rate of carbon
dioxide produced by the yeast. ............................................................................................................................................ ………………………………..…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 3 marks]
(h) From the experiment, what can be deduced about fermentation of yeast ?
An experiment is carried out to investigate the pollution level of a river in W district.
Figure 1.1 Three samples of water are collected from the three location respectively, and named water sample P, water sample Q and water sample R. The samples are brought to the school lab and tests are conducted. First, 100ml of the water sample P is measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into a clean reagent bottle. 1ml of 0.1% methylene blue solution is added into the water sample using a syringe. The mixture is stirred carefully with the needle of the syringe. The reagent bottle is closed quickly and kept in a dark cupboard (Figure 1.2). The stop watch is started (Table 1.1) and the colour of the solution is observed from time to time to determine the time taken for the 0.1% methylene blue solution to decolourise.
Figure 1.2
The above steps are repeated with water sample Q and water sample R. The time taken for the solution to decolourise is recorded in table 1.1.
R
QP
orchard
Housing area
Food factory
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Water sample location
Treatment
Time shown on the stop watch when the
methylene blue solution decolourises
Time taken
(min)
P
Q
R
Table 1.1 (a) (i) Based on the results in Table 1.1, state two observations for the experiment.