Module 2-Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks

Sector:

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYQualification:

COMPUTER HARDWARE SEVICING NC II

Unit of Competency:DIAGNOSE AND TROUBLESHOOT COMPUTER SYSTEMS

Module Title:

DIAGNOSING AND TROUBLESHOOTING COMPUTER SYSTEMS

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

SOUTHERN ISABELA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND TRADESSantiago City

SICAT-TESDA QA SYSTEM.

Computer Hardware Servicing NC II

Date Developed:October 21, 2010

Document No.:

Diagnosing And Troubleshooting Computer Systems And Networks

Developed by: Alain C. Gallarde

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Page6 of 106Revision No.:

SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALSNo. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1. Install computer systems and networks

Installing computer systems and networks

ELC724318

2.Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems

Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer Systems

ELC724319

3. Configure computer systems and networks

Configuring computer systems and networks

ELC724320

4. Maintain computer systems and networks

Maintaining computer systems and networks

ELC724321




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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module “Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer Systems”. This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a Computer Hardware Servicing NC II course.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome there are Information Sheets, Operation Sheets, and Activity Sheets. Follow these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your trainer for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this module because you have:

o been working for some timeo already have completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized so you don’t have to do he same training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to this module, they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your trainer.

After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your competency. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.




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Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.




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MODULE CONTENT

COMPETENCY SUMMARYQUALIFICATIO

NCOMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCYDiagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems

MODULE TITLEDiagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer Systems

INTRODUCTION:

This unit covers the outcomes required in Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer Systems.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:1. Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer systems

2. Diagnose faults of computer systems

3. Repair defects in computer systems and networks

4. Test systems and networks

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses and

functions.3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.4. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified5. Functions of the computer systems explained6. Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on the job

requirements7. Defective components properly replaced and corrected8. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with standard

procedures9. Defective components identified and separated to other components10.Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with the job

requirements11. Information are shared from one computer to another as primary

requirement in computer networking12.Reports are prepared and completed according to the company

requirements




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PREREQUISITE: PC OPERATION

TECHNICAL TERMS

Fuse – Protective device against power surges Firmware- is a combination of hardware and software, it is a

program integrated on a chip. Defrag- process of reorganizing and rewriting files. Form factor - a standard size and shape of computer subsystem People ware - the persons using the computer in the goal of

finding solutions to a better and improved daily life. These can range from the basic word-processing to the more advanced system programming.

Hardware - the physical and tangible component of electronic data processing. These are the monitors, keyboard, mouse, all input/output devices, as well as internal memory system.

Software - the intangible element composed of programs that instruct computers what to do.

Electricity - a form of energy comprising certain charge particles, such as electrons and protons.

Power - is the rate in which electric energy is fed or taken from a device measured in watts.

Voltage - is the term used to designate electric pressure that exists between two points.

PPE - Personal Protective Equipment BOOT - is the process of turning on the computer unit. CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor BIOS - Basic Input/Output System DOS - Disk Operating System ROM - Read Only Memory POST - Power On Self Test DSL – Digital Subscriber Line UTP cable – Unshielded Twisted Pair cable UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply VGA – Video Graphic Adapter USB – Universal Serial Bus CPU – Central Processing Unit OHS – Occupational Health and Safety LCD – Liquid Crystal Display CRT – Cathode Ray Tube RAM – Random Access Memory DIMM – Double In-line Memory Module




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I/O – Input/output

LEARNING OUTCOME #1

Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer systems

CONTENTS: Different types of computer systems error. Software as tools for diagnosing computer systems. Hand tools and its uses. Procedures in diagnosing computer systems Safety precautions

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses and

functions.3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.

CONDITION:Trainees must be provided with the following:

1. WORKPLACE LOCATION2. EQUIPMENT3. Tools

Screw drivers (assorted)Pliers (assorted)Soldering ironWrenchesUtility software

4. Policies and procedures:Procedures and guidelinesSafety precautions

EVALUATION METHOD:1. Hands-on2. Direct observation3. Practical demonstration

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY




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Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome 1Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer systems

Learning Activities Special Instructions1. Read information sheet

2.1-1 ” Different types of computer systems error.

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now answer self check provided in the module.

2. Answer self-check 2.1-1

Compare your answer to the answer key 2.1-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now move to the next information sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

3. Read information sheet 2.1-2 “Plan and Preparing Diagnostic Procedure”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now answer Job Sheet provided in the module.

4. Answer self-check 2.1-2

Compare your answer to the answer key 2.1-2. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now perform task sheet 2.1-1. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

5. Do Task Sheet 2.1-1

Diagnostic Plan

Compare your work to the Performance Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next information sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.

6. Read information sheet 2.1-3 “Tools for Testing Computer System”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.




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If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now answer self check provided in the module.

7. Answer self-check 2.1-2 Compare your answer to the answer key 2.1-2. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now move to the next information sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

8. Read information sheet 2.1-4 “Common Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now answer Job Sheet provided in the module.


10. Do Job Sheet 2.1-1

Perform Disk Error Check

Compare your work to the Performance Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next Learning Outcome. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.




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INFORMATION SHEET 2.1.1Different Types of Computer System Errors

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify Different Types of Computer System Errors.

as your computer ever stopped working for no apparent reason? The frustration brought on by technological advancements can cause

any sane person to yank the plug right out of the wall. Luckily, there's a better way. Learn what to do when your computer freezes, facts about different kinds of computer failure, the various ways to restart Macs and PCs, and how to prevent future freezes.

Types of computer failures

The three main types of computer failures are system errors, freezing, and applications quitting. Simply put, Mac system errors warn you with the dreaded bomb Alert box. A system error occurs when there is a conflict between the operating system and one or more applications, like Microsoft Word or Internet Explorer. The next type of computer failure is freezing, also known as crashing or hanging. In this case, the computer locks up and the mouse and keyboard become useless accessories. Freezing exists both at the individual program level and on a system wide basis. An application suddenly quitting is the third type of computer failure and probably the most common. This means that only one program is effected rather than the whole system. All three types of computer failures are frustrating if you do not know what to do, but by following these steps you will learn how to properly unfreeze your computer.

How to restart a PC

fter any common computer failure follow these steps. Simultaneously hold down the Control key, the Alt key, and the Delete key. A

dialogue box will ask you if you want to exit the current program. Click the Task List button. An End Task window appears and lists the programs you are currently running. Select the program you were in when your computer froze. For instance, if you were working with Microsoft Word, but went to check your e-mail in Netscape, and then the computer crashed, you would select Netscape in the End Task window.




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http://www.4teachers.org/techalong/glossary/index.shtml#application

http://www.4teachers.org/techalong/glossary/index.shtml#operating%20system

After selecting the correct program, hit the End Task button. Hopefully, the program will unlock at this point. You should then restart your computer by going to the Start menu and selecting Shut Down. In the Shut Down window, click the Restart button and OK, and the computer will reboot.

How to prevent future freezes

nowing how to restart a computer is crucial, but it is also important to know measures to take to prevent future freezes. The most useful

steps are rebuilding your desktop, emptying your trash, deleting excess e-mails, and cleaning out temporary files and histories.

System error 5 - Access is denied

This is a permission issue. If the net view command fails with a "System error 5 has occurred. Access is denied." message, 1) make sure you are logged on using an account that has permission to view the shares on the remote computer. 2) Need to cache credential: logon the same username and password on both computers or use net net use \\computername /user:username command. 3) Make sure the Netlogon service is running.

System error 8 - Not enough storage is available to process this commandor System error 234 - More data is available.

Symptoms: If you attempt to start the server service manually, the following errors may be displayed: System error 234 has occurred. More data is available. Or system error 8 has occurred. Not enough storage is available to process this command. The event viewer shows "Event ID: 7023. Description: The Server service terminated with the following error: More data is available. Or Event ID: 7001. Description: The Net




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Logon service depends on the Server service which failed to start because of the following error: More data is available.

Resolutions: 1) apply (or reapply) the latest Windows NT Service pack.2) remove any unnecessary entries from this value in the registry,

System error 51 has occurred - The remote computer is not available

Symptoms: You may receive "System error 51 has occurred. The remote computer is not available" when using net use to map the computer drive.

Resolutions: 1. Make sure server service is running on the remote computer

System error 52 - You were not connected because a duplicate name exists on the network.

Symptoms: you can ping a host but not net view it. When using net view \\hostname, you get system error 52 - a duplicate name exists on the network.

Resolutions: there are two host names or alias name (cname) are pointed to the same IP. 1) check the WINS records. 2) check DNS records. 3) Go to System in the Control Panel to change the computer name and try again.

System error 53 - The network path was not found.

Symptom: when using net view \\ip or \\computername, you get system error 53.

Resolutions: 1) if it is domain environment, check your WINS; 2) if it is peer-to-peer workgroup, enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP; 3) make sure the machine is running; 4) make sure file and Printer Share enabled on remote computer; 5) make sure client for ms networks is enabled on local computer; 6) make sure you type the correct name. 7) Make sure no firewall running or any security setting.

VPN Case Study - Can ping VPN server but receive System error 53 using net use

Case Study - System Error 53 - The network path was not found.

System error 67 - The network name cannot be found

Symptom: When using net view \\computer or net use \\IP, you may receive above error message.




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http://www.chicagotech.net/troubleshooting/systemerror53.htm

http://www.chicagotech.net/VPN/vpn&firewall.htm

http://www.chicagotech.net/VPN/vpn&firewall.htm

Resolution: 1. Make sure you type the correct computer name or shared name.

2. Make sure the Workstation service is running on the local computer while Server service is running on the remote computer.

More troubleshooting here System error 67 has occurred

System error 85 has occurred. The local device name is already in use

Cause: net use /persistent: yes is default settings for NT and win2000/XP. If you have mapped some network drives and check the reconnect at logon, or your network uses logon script to map network drives, the mapped network drives may show red Xs. If you enable echo and pause the logon script or if using net use to map the same drive manually, you may get "System error 85 has occurred. The local device name is already in use." One thing you may want to try is using net use /persistent: no, for example, net use i: \\servername\folder /persistent: no.

System error 1219 has occurred - The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of credentials

Symptoms: 1) When you log on to a domain from w2k client; 2) when attempting to join a domain, you may receive the following error message: The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of credentials.

Resolutions: This may cause because of attempting to make two or more connections to the same server using two or more sets of credentials1. Go to windows explorer and disconnect all network drives. Then re-logon.2. Delete the profile or copy another profile. Note: you may lost all settings and data in My Documents when deleting or copying profile.3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work, try this: 1) Log on as an administrator at any workstation and run regedt32. 2) Select HKEY_USERS, but do not open. 3) From the Registry menu, click Load Hive. 4) This will bring up a Load Hive dialog box. Locate the Ntuser.dat file for the user with the errors. Select the Ntuser.dat and click Open. You may enter any string for the Key Name. Use TEST for ease of use pertaining to the remainder of this article. 5) Locate the Username value under the following key in the registry: HKEY_USERS\TEST\Network\Username. 6) Delete the string for Username (leaving it blank is sufficient). 7) Select the TEST hive that you previously loaded, click the Registry menu, and then click Unload Hive. 8) Quit Registry Editor.4. If you get this message when joining the domain, make sure 1) you have delete the computer from AD; 2) delete it from DNS; 3) delete it from WINS.




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http://www.chicagotech.net/troubleshooting/systemerror67.htm

System error 1231 has occurred. The network location cannot be reached.

Symptom: When using net view \\computername, you may receive System error 1231.

Resolutions: 1) make sure Client for MS Networks is enabled, 2) make sure you have permission to access it.

System Error 1240 - The account is not authorized to login from this

station.

Symptoms: 1. You may get the system error 1240 when using net view \\remotecomputer'2. “Workgroup_name is not accessible… Account is Not Authorized to Log In to this Station” when attempting to browse the workgroup from a networking computer.

Resolutions: 1. Use Regedit to enable unencrypted (plain text) passwords for the SMB client. 2. Enable Send Unencrypted Password to Connect to 3rd Party SMB Servers under Local Security Policy. 3. Set the following policies as showing: Digitally sign client communications (always) - disabled Digitally sign server communications (always)- disabled Digitally sign server communications (when possible) - disabled LAN Manager Authentication Level set to Send LM and NTLM - use NTLMv2 session security if negotiated - (default) send LM & NTLM responses Secure channel: Digitally encrypt or sign secure channel data (always) - disabled Secure channel: Require strong (Windows 2000 or later) session key - disabled4. Contact the third-party SMB server manufacturer if you have a third-party SMB server, such as DEC Pathworks, Samba or Linux.5. If you are running Windows 9x, you may want to re-configure windows authentication for network logons.

System error 1311 - There are currently no logon servers available to service the logon request

Symptoms: The primary purpose of logging on with cached credentials is to enable you to access the local workstation. However, if you have logged on by cached credentials, you may be unable to access network resources because you have not been authenticated. For example 1) after you log on to a w2k/xp laptop by using cached credentials, you may be unable to access the network resources. This issue is commonly




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http://www.howtonetworking.com/windows/ntlm1.htm



experienced by laptop users whose computer resides in a Windows Server domain and who log on to the computer by using cached credentials prior to being able to establish a remote access connection. 2) You log on to a w2k/xp laptop with a domain logon option in a workgroup network. After you establish the connection and you try to map the network drives, the operation may be unsuccessful, and you may receive the following error message: "System Error: (1311) There are currently no logon servers available to service the logon request."

Resolutions: To authenticate the cached credentials, 1) if it is w2k/xp, use net command, for example, net use \\servername\sharename /user:username. 2) if xp, open Windows Explorer>Tools>Map Network Drive. Click Connect using a different user name, enter the username and password.

System error 1326 has occurred - Logon failure: unknown user name or bad password.

Symptom: when using net use to map a network drive, you may receive "System error 1326 has occurred. Logon failure: unknown user name or bad password." message.

Resolutions: 1) create a user account on remote computer; 2) need to enable the guest account; 3) make sure the remote computer doesn't use auto-logon and blank password; 4) make sure you have a folder or drive shared on the remote computer. 5) use net use \\servername /user: username command. Make sure you type correct command (e.g. use net use \\servername \user: username will get this error too)

System error 1331 has occurred - Logon failure: account current disable

Symptom: When using net use \\computername command, you may receive above error message.

Resolutions: this is cache credentials issue. To fix this problem and cache the credentials, use net use \\computername /user: username command.

System error 1385 has occurred - Logon failure: the user has not been granted the requested logon type at this computer

Symptoms: When using net use \\ remotecomouter \ahredname , you may receive above message.

Resolution: 1. The users do not have permission to connect to the remote computer. To resolve this problem: on the remote computer, select Administrative Tools>Local Security Settings>Local Policies>User Rights Assignment, right-click on Access this computer from the




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network>Properties>Add Users or Groups, add everyone or any users you want to be able to access the computer from the network.

2. refer to this case: Solved: System error 1385 - Logon failure - http://chicagotech.net/netforums/viewtopic.php?t=286

System error 1396 has occurred - Logon Failure: The target account name is incorrect.

Symptoms: 1. when using net use, you may receive above message.2. when using net view \\hostname, you may receive "System error 5 has occurred. Access is denied.". However, net view \\ip works fine.3. You may receive above error while running logon script.

Causes: 1. SPN for the domain that is hosting the replica has not been propagated.2. Incorrect target account name or the server is not online.3. If you have DFS, make sure the DFSRoot is available.

Refer to RL060704

System error 6118 has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is not currently available

SYMPTOMS: 1) After enabling ICS/ICF, you can't see any computes on My Network places. If you try, you may get "workgroup is not accessible". 2) If you use the net view command, you may receive "System error 6118 has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is not currently available." message.

Resolutions: 1) This behavior can occur if you enable the ICF that will closes the ports for file sharing by default. To open these ports, right-click the network connection that is firewall protected> Properties>Advanced>Settings>Service Tab>Add, Enter 127.0.0.1) for the required Internet Protocol (IP) number. Enter UDP ports from 135 through 139, and TCP ports from 135 through 139 one by one (the external and internal port numbers should be identical).2) This may occur if the workgroup name and the domain name are the different.3) No master browser. Starting Computer Browser Service on one of w2k/xp computers should fix the problem




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http://chicagotech.net/netforums/viewtopic.php?t=286

http://chicagotech.net/netforums/viewtopic.php?t=286

SELF CHECK 2.1-1Write the Symptoms & Resolutions of the following system Errors

System Error Symptoms Action/resolutions

51 The remote computer is not available

67 The network name cannot be found

1219 The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of credentials

1231 The network




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location cannot be reached.

ANSWER KEY

System Error Symptoms Action/resolutions

51The remote computer is not available

You can ping a host but not net view it. When using net view \\hostname, you get system error 52 - a duplicate name exists on the network.

Make sure server service is running on the remote computer

67The network name cannot be found

When using net view \\computer or net use \\IP, you may receive above error message.

1. Make sure you type the correct computer name or shared name.

2. Make sure the Workstation service is running on the local computer while Server service is running on the remote computer.

1219

The credentials supplied conflict

1) When you log on to a domain from w2k client; 2) when attempting to join a domain, you may receive the following

This may cause because of attempting to make two or more connections to the same server using two or more sets of credentials1. Go to windows explorer and disconnect all network drives. Then




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with an existing set of credentials

error message: The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of credentials

re-logon.2. Delete the profile or copy another profile. Note: you may lost all settings and data in My Documents when deleting or copying profile.3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work,

1231The network location cannot be reached.

When using net view \\computername, you may receive System error 1231.

1) make sure Client for MS Networks is enabled, 2) make sure you have permission to access it.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-2

Plan and Preparing Diagnostic ProcedureLearning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Plan and Prepare Diagnostic Procedure.

PC Diagnosing

Probably the most frustrating problem computer users run into are startup problems, where your computer won’t boot. Equally annoying are error messages you constantly run into during your computer’s startup process. In this module you will be given a few tips on how you can avoid some of the most common problems that happen right after your computer turns on.

Troubleshooting Plan for Personal Computers

How to Troubleshoot the Computer?

Here you will learn the basic troubleshooting methods of your computer.




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Trial and error: When you find a faulty component in your computer, check it with the other computers so that you can make sure whether the fault is in the component or not.

Check cables: In case of any device failure, check all the cables of your computer such as data cables, power cable, internal circuitry cables and make sure that all these are plugged in and working fine.

Hardware settings: Check the hardware settings in the CMOS and in the device manager of the system and make all the device drivers are up to date and all the cards are plugged in properly.

Notice changes: When you notice a software or hardware error in your computer, determine what was changed before the problem occurred

Event viewer: In the event viewer, you will find the error or warning messages associated with any faulty hardware or software.

Make notes: Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can learn a lot when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer. Make notes including the error messages and their solutions, so that you have a record on how a certain problem occurred and how did you solve it.

Sample Diagnostic Plan

List down all possible components to be checked based on the symptoms.

Symptoms: Dead Computer MonitorGood Defectiv

eRemedy

AC outlet

AVR

AVR fuse

Monitor Power Cable

Monitor Switch

Power Supply




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Common Trouble for Computer Units

1. Double check the power connections. 2. Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in

the computer unit.3. Check the power cords and cable connectors in your computer unit.4. Unseated card. Loose cards could cause it to malfunction.5. Do you have ink or toners in your printer? Check the ink

toners/cartridges in your printers.6. Check the boot sequence configuration in the advance BIOS (Basic

Input/output Unit) setup.

Diagnosing Network Connection

These are the things to look for if a PC will not connect to the internet or network.

First check the cable connecting to the network card into the network hub.

Check the back of the computer to see if the network card light is on Check the network cable Check the network HUB




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Network HUB

SELF CHECK 2.1-2

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.

____1. The most frustrating problem computer users run into are startup problems.

____2. When you find a faulty component in your computer, check it with the other computers so that you can make sure whether the fault is in the component or not.

____3.Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can learn a lot when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer.

____4. Unseated card or loose cards could cause computer to function normally.

____5. Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in the computer unit.




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Network

cable

Network card

ANSWER KEY

1. T2. T3. T4. F5. T




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TASK SHEET 2.1.1

Title : Diagnostic PlanPerformance Objective : Given the needed materials, supplies &

equipment, create a diagnostic plan in troubleshooting a power supply.

Supplies, Tools & Equipment : Working PC Printer Bond paper Ruler Pencil/Eraser Power Supply Diagnostic Plan template

Steps/ Procedure:SICAT-TESDA QA SYSTEM.



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1. Prepare the necessary tools, supplies and materials2. Using template, make a diagnostic plan of the computer power

supply3. Let your trainer check your work.

Assessment Method: Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist

Performance Criteria Checklist

CRITERIADid you…

YES NO

1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.

2. Observed safety precautions.

3. Used appropriate tools in diagnosing.

4. Created a diagnostic plan for troubleshooting.




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Hand Tools for Testing and Repair Computer System & Network

Learning Objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and use Hand Tools for Testing and troubleshooting Computer System & Network

Introduction




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Tools and equipment play a vital role in troubleshooting; it helps the user to determine the errors found in your computer hardware and network.

Tools used to test and repair hardware problems:

1. Screw drivers-is used to install and remove screws in your computer unit.

2. Pliers and tweezers- is used for picking small parts in your computer unit.

3. Soldering iron- is primarily used for connecting terminals in your power supply and circuit board with the use of a soldering lead.

4. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- are used to eliminate electrostatic discharge in your work area.

5. Lens cleaner-is used for cleaning optical media, such as DVD-ROMS and CD-writers.

6. Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation for your processor.

Network Troubleshooting Tools




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1. LAN Tester – is a device used to test the network connection..

2. Crimping tool- is a device used to crimp the RJ45 connector to the UTP cable.

Self Check 2.1-3

Place write your answers in your computer using MS Word and save in your folder:

1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting. a. b. c. d. e. f.2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools. a.




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http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nudata.com/testers/TD014_256553.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nudata.com/testers/testerstoc.htm&h=285&w=270&sz=9&hl=tl&start=4&um=1&tbnid=co-P_qM5jrrR8M:&tbnh=115&tbnw=109&prev=/images?q=lan+tester&um=1&hl=tl&sa=N%00%E5%A1%B9%EF%92%81%E1%B4%BB%E4%A1%BF%E2%B2%AF%E5%B6%82%E8%97%84%E6%8C%A7%00%00%EA%AE%A5

http://images.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ted-kyte.com/3D/Pictures/RJ45%20Crimping%20Tool.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ted-kyte.com/3D/List-Electrical.htm&h=480&w=640&sz=24&hl=tl&start=4&um=1&tbnid=kruc0GjS0P63RM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=137&prev=/images?q=crimping+tool&um=1&hl=tl&sa=N%00%E5%A1%B9%EF%92%81%E1%B4%BB%E4%A1%BF%E2%B2%AF%E5%B6%82%E8%97%84%E6%8C%A7%00%00%EA%AE%A5

b.

ANSWER KEY 2.1-31. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting. a. Screw drivers b. Pliers and tweezers c. Soldering iron d. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray e. Lens cleaner f. Thermal paste2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools. a. LAN Tester b. Crimping tool




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Common Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and use Common Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools

1. There are a lot of diagnostic utilities for Windows XP, both included with the system and third-party applications, that can examine your computer for a range of problems. Microsoft's own, included utilities have been specially trimmed to apply to certain devices and uses,




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http://www.ehow.com/computers/

making them the best choice for all but the most devastating of problems.

Disk Utilities

2. Many errors can be caused by hard disk problems. The Disk Cleanup, Disk Defragmenter and Disk Error Checking utilities can assess and fix many of these problems. All can be found under the System Tools section of the Accessories sub-menu. Also, running your hard drive manufacturer's specific disk diagnostic tool can help to diagnose any read or write errors that cause application problems in Windows XP.

Application and Memory Utilities

3. Run time errors, blue screens and other memory errors are often caused by badly written programs or incorrect system calls. The Dr. Watson tool is great for checking application errors and can be accessed by clicking the "Run" shortcut from the Start menu, typing in "DRWATSN32" and pressing "Enter." Memtest86+ is another great tool for checking your computer's standalone memory (see Resources).

Network Diagnostics

4. The Network Diagnostics Tool is included with Windows XP and provides a way to test your Internet connection settings. You can access it from Internet Explorer by clicking "Diagnose Connect Problems" from an error page or by selecting the tool under the "Tools" option menu. You can also right-click any network connection from the Network Connections menu and choose to troubleshoot the connection there to do further network diagnostics. Also, try using a website such as Speed Test (see Resources) to test your broadband connection speed and diagnose any speed issues.

Hardware Diagnostics

5. Under the Device Manager you can see hardware that is working improperly, because it will have a warning icon next to it. Right-click that device and choose to troubleshoot. This will bring up the device troubleshooting utility that will often try to update the driver or fix an existing driver.




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http://www.ehow.com/internet/

Malware and Adware Utilities

6. Adware, malware and viruses can infect your computer, decimate its performance and siphon your private data from your fingertips. Since most of these malicious programs are built to target Windows XP, it is important to regularly check for malware. Tools such as Lavasoft's Ad-Aware or Spybot Search & Destroy are great utilities for finding and eliminating harmful or infected applications (see Resources). In combination with traditional anti-virus software such as Norton or McAfee, they are essential for keeping your computer running smoothly.

Self Check 2.1-4

Mark X the appropriate classifications of the following utilities.

Disk Utilities

Application and

Memory Utilities

Network Diagnostics


Malware and

Adware Utilities




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Spybot Search

Dr. Watson tool

Disk Cleanup

Memtest86+

Disk Defragmenter

Device Manager

Speed Test

Disk Error Checking utilities

Lavasoft's Ad-Aware

Norton or McAfee

Answer key

Disk Utilities

Application and

Memory Utilities

Network Diagnostics


Malware and

Adware Utilities




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Spybot Search x

Dr. Watson tool x

Disk Cleanup x

Memtest86+ x

Disk Defragmenter x

Device troubleshooting utility x

Speed Test x

Disk Error Checking utilities x

Lavasoft's Ad-Aware x

Norton or McAfee x

Job Sheet 2.1-1

Title : Perform Disk Error Check

Performance Objectives: Given a working personal computer you are




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going to Perform Disk Error CheckSupplies : Utility SoftwareTools/Equipment : Working PC

Steps/ Procedure:

1. From Start, choose Run, and type in: "cmd" that will open a command-line DOS window.

2. To run the command in repair mode, type in: "chkdsk c:/r" where the 'c' stands for the C drive and 'r' for repair.

3. If you get any messages like this: Chkdsk cannot run because the volume is in use by another process. Would you like to schedule this volume to be checked the next time the system restarts? (Y/N). Type Y, and then press ENTER to schedule the disk check, and then restart your computer to start the disk check.

4. Or you can run chkdsk: from My Computer: right click "Local Disk (C:)" or any other disk you want to check.

5. Go to Properties, click on Tools, and click the button "Check Now" under Error Checking.

6. Check the two boxes: "Automatically fix file system errors" and "Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors". And click Start.

7. If you get any messages like this: The disk check could not be performed because the disk check utility needs exclusive access to some Windows files on the disk. These files can be accessed by restarting Windows. Do you want to schedule the disk check to occur the next time you restart the computer? Click Yes to schedule the disk check, and then restart your computer to start the disk check.

8. Once the machine is restarted, let it continue to scan and repair by itself.

Assessment Method: Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist

PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST

Performance CriteriaDid you… Yes No




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1. Started the computer properly

2. Followed the procedures to Run check disk

3. Repaired & fixed Errors.

4. Followed safety procedures while performing check disk.




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LEARNING OUTCOME #2

DIAGNOSE FAULTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

CONTENTS: Parts and functions of computer system Software ( operating system, application software) Electrical theory Computer monitors Techniques for diagnosing computer system

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:1. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified2. Functions of the computer systems explained3. Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on the job

requirements


1. WORKPLACE LOCATION2. Tools, Materials and Equipment and Facilities

Screw drivers (assorted) Pliers (assorted)Wrenches Utility softwaresConnectors AdaptorsDiskettes CD ROMComplete set of working computer Spare of all components Multimeter Appropriate softwaresEVALUATION METHOD:

1. Hands-on2. Direct observation3. Practical demonstration


Learning ExperiencesSICAT-TESDA QA SYSTEM.



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Learning Outcome 2DIAGNOSE FAULTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

Learning Activities Special Instructions1. Read information sheet 2.2-1 ” Parts and function of computer system”


2. Answer self-check 2.2-1 Compare your answer to the answer key 2.2-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now perform task sheet 2.2-1. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.


Inventory of Computer Parts

Compare your work to the checklist and let your trainer check it. If you got 100% correct answer in this activity, you can now perform job sheet 2.2-1. If not review the information sheet and go over the activity again.

4. Perform Job Sheet 2.2-1

Upgrade and Repair Operating System

Compare your answer to the Performance Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in this activity, you can now move to the next Information Sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.

5. Read information sheet 2.2-2 “Software Packages And Use Of Application Programs”


6. Answer self-check 2.2-2 Compare your answer to the answer key 2.2-2. If you got 100%




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correct answer in this self-check, you can now move to the Information Sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

7. Read information sheet 2.2-3 “Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can answer self check provided in the module.



Faulty Connection of Computer Peripherals

Evaluate your work to the Checklist 2.2-2. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next learning Outcome. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.




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INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-1Parts and function of computer system

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify Parts and function of computer system.

HARDWARE

An exploded view of a modern personal computer and peripherals: 1. Scanner2. CPU (Microprocessor)3. Primary storage (RAM)4. Expansion cards (graphics cards, etc.)5. Power supply6. Optical disc drive7. Secondary storage (Hard disk)8. Motherboard9. Speakers10. Monitor11. System software12. Application software13. Keyboard14. Mouse15. External hard disk16. Printer




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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_hard_disk_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_(computing)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboard

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_display

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudspeaker

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_scanner

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded_view

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Personal_computer,_exploded_6.svg

Computer case

A stripped ATX case lying on its side.A computer case is the enclosure that contains the main components of a computer.

Cases are usually constructed from steel or aluminium, although other materials such as wood and plastic have been used.

Processor

AMD Athlon 64 X2 CPU.The central processing unit, or CPU, is that part of a computer which executes

software program instructions.

Motherboard

Asus motherboardThe motherboard, also referred to as systemboard or mainboard, is the primary circuit

board within a personal computer.

Main memory

A PC's main memory is fast storage that is directly accessible by the CPU, and is used to store the currently executing program and immediately needed data.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_board

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_board


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlon_64_X2

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stripped-computer-case.JPG

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AMD_64X2_Dual-Core.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asus_a8n_VMCSM02.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DDRSDRAM400-1GB.jpg

Hard disk

Mass storage devices store programs and data even when the power is off; they do require power to perform read and write functions during usage. Although flash memory has dropped in cost, the prevailing form of mass storage in personal computers is still the hard disk.

Video card

ATI Radeon video cardThe video card - otherwise called a graphics card,

graphics adapter or video adapter - processes and renders the graphics output from the computer to the computer display, and is an essential part of the modern computer.

Visual display unit

A visual display unit (or monitor) is a piece of electrical equipment, usually separate from the computer case, which displays viewable images generated by a computer without producing a permanent record.

Keyboard

In computing, a keyboard is an arrangement of buttons that each correspond to a function, letter, or number.

Mouse

A Mouse on a computer is a small, slidable device that users hold and slide around to point at, click on, and sometimes drag objects on screen in a graphical user interface using a pointer on screen..

Other components

Mass storage


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_equipment


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radeon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATI_Technologies


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ModelM.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mighty_Mouse.jpg

All computers require either fixed or removable storage for their operating system, programs and user generated material.

Formerly the 5¼ inch and 3½ inch floppy drive were the principal forms of removable storage for backup of user files and distribution of software.As memory sizes increased, the capacity of the floppy did not keep pace; the Zip drive and other higher-capacity removable media were introduced but never became as prevalent as the floppy drive.

A USB flash drive today performs much of the data transfer and backup functions formerly done with floppy drives, Zip disks and other devices.

Computer communications Internal modem card Modem Network adapter card Router

Common peripherals and adapter cards Headset Joystick Microphone Printer Scanner Sound adapter card as a separate card rather than located on the motherboard Speakers Webcam

LAN Card – is a network interface card. This is a computer circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network.

Modem - (Modulator-Demodulator) The modem is a device that allows a given computer to share data or otherwise a device which let computers exchange information

USB – Universal Serial Bus, a hardware interface for low-speed peripherals such as the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and telephony devices.

Scanner- it is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper, translates the information into a form that a computer can use.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webcam


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_card



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joystick

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headset_(telephone/computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Router

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softmodem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_disk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_drive

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_drive

Printer - it is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy (also known as ‘hardcopy’) of the information generated by the computer.

RAM – Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memory is used inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is running.

BIOS – Basic Input/Output System, chip that controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on.

Flash drive– RAM that can retain data without electrical power. It is widely used for BIOS chips and for digital camera and digital music storage.

Video Camera - camera using videotape: a camera that records onto videotape

Self Check 2.2-1

Give the name of each numbered computer components.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Personal_computer,_exploded_6.svg

Answer Key

1. Scanner2. CPU (Microprocessor)3. Primary storage (RAM)4. Expansion cards (graphics cards, etc.)5. Power supply6. Optical disc drive7. Secondary storage (Hard disk)8. Motherboard9. Speakers10. Monitor11. System software12. Application software13. Keyboard14. Mouse15. External hard disk16. Printer


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_hard_disk_drive


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboard

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_software





http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_card

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor



TASK SHEET 2.2-1

Title : Inventory of Computer PartsPerformance Objectives:

Given a complete set of personal computer you are going to make an inventory of computer components bases on the given template.

Supplies : UTP Cable, RJ 45Tools/Equipment : Complete set of PC with peripherals

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Prepare the given template2. Make an Inventory of the components and peripherals of the given

pc. 3. Let your trainer check your work.

Assessment Method: Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist

TemplateTRAINEES NAMETRAINERS NAME

QUALIFICATION COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC IIDATE TIME

INVENTORY OF PC COMPONENTSNAME SPECIFICATION QUANTITY REMARKS

Did the Trainees overall performance meet the required evidence/standard? Yes No

Trainees Signature Date:

Trainer’s Signature Date:PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST

Performance CriteriaDid you… Yes No

1. Listed down all computer components and peripherals

2. Identified the specifications of different components

3. Applied safety precautions during the task.

4. Used and filled up the given template correctly

5. Wrote the exact quantity.

6. Gave remarks correctly.

Job Sheet 2.2-1

Title : Upgrade and Repair Operating System

Performance Objectives: Given a working personal computer you are going to repair &

upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.

Supplies : Windows XP Installer or higher Tools/Equipment : Working PC

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Insert the Windows XP CD. Select Start > Run. 2. In the Run box, where D is the drive letter for the CD-ROM, type D:\

i386\winnt32 and press Enter. The Welcome to the Windows XP Setup Wizard displays.

3. Choose Upgrade to Windows XP and click Next. The License Agreement page displays.

4. Read the license agreement and click the button to accept this agreement.

5. Click Next. The Upgrading to the Windows XP NTFS File System page displays.

6. Follow the prompts and complete the upgrade. When the install is complete, the computer will restart.

Assessment Method: Demonstration with questioning , Performance Criteria checklist

Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-1

CRITERIADid you…

Yes

No

Started the computer properlyInserted the XP Installation CDRan XP InstallerSelected upgrade optionFollowed the prompts and completed the upgrading processUpgraded the computer properlyInstalled all necessary drivers

INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-2Software Packages and Use of Application Programs

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and Software Packages and Use of Application Programs.

Software is the component of a computer system which refers to the set of instructions written in a code-that computers can understand and execute. Another name for this set of instructions is program.

Three Types of Software

1. System Software2. Application Software3. Programming Language

System Software. This software tells the CPU what to do, a more common term is Operating System (OS). The most popular OS in use for PC microcomputer is Microsoft’s MS DOS. DOS for short is a collection of various programs that help control your PC. Other operating systems are Microsoft Windows (from the early Windows 95 and 98 to the current windows Vista, OS 2, MAC OS, Unix, Linux and Apple’s OS 9.

Application Software. This is designed and written to perform specific personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payroll, processing, human resource management, or inventory management. Common Application software are the following:

Word Processor – This serves as an electronic typewriter and even more. With word processors, the user can easily produce quality documents like memos and reports. Popular word processors include MS Word and Word Perfect.

Spreadsheets- These are programs that simulate a paper divided into rows and columns, where values can be placed. These are used for advanced numerical analysis and calculations. Some of the more common spreadsheet programs are Lotus 1-2-3 and, Ms Excel and Open Calculate.

Database Programs – These serve to collect a structured collection of data, which can later be managed and manipulated.

Presentation Software – These are programs that allow users to create electronic presentation for reports and other functions.

Desktop Publishing Software – This allow the user to create page makeup and do simple typesetting to produce various materials, such as books pamphlets, reports, and booklets. Example of DTP software are MS Publisher, and PageMaker.

Reference Software – These are electronic versions of various references such as encyclopedia, almanacs, atlases, dictionaries, thesauri, and the like.

Graphics Programs – These allow the creation and manipulation of graphics, images, objects, and pictures. Some of the common graphics programs are CorelDraw, Photoshop, and Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Educational Software – These include tutorials and electronic lessons that give students knowledge or training in a particular subject or skill, such as Math or Science or in gardening or cooking.

Computer Games – These are programs that simulate real games or provide entertainment and adventure to users.

Network Software – These are programs that make it possible for computers in different areas to be connected, allowing their users to communicate with each other.

Language Software – These provide programmers with the necessary tools to write programs and instructions to computer.

Programming Software. Programmers use this software for making computer programs. Programming software is a tool to make software using different programming languages.

SELF-CHECK 2.2 -2

A. TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and correct and F if it is not. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering.

______ 1. Word processors are used to create special movie effects.______ 2. Systems software tells the CPU what to do.______ 3. Software refers to the set od instructions that computer can understand and execute.______ 4. Reference software includes tutorial and electronic lessons that give students knowledge or training in a particular subject or skill.______ 5. Graphics Program allow the users to execute electronic presentations for reports and other functions.

B. Discuss briefly the three types of software.

ANSWER KEY 2.2-2

A. True or False 1. False2. True3. True4. False5. False

B. System Software – tells the Central processing unit what to do.

Application Software – This is designed and written to perform specific personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payroll processing, human resource management, or inventory management.

Programming Software - to make software using different programming languages.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-3Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to use Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System Techniques for diagnosing computer system 1. Computer Diagnosis2. Rules In Diagnosing Computer System3. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects4. Problem Isolation5. Component Isolation

Computer DiagnosisSometimes when the problem with a system is not totally apparent and the problem may be intermittent, using a basic common diagnostic procedure may help determine what is wrong. This procedure has a number of steps that, if followed each time, can be of help.

Rules in Diagnosing Computer System

1. Know the facts Educate oneself on all aspects and operation of computer

parts. Continuous learning on computer technology.

2. Use your common sense3. Focus on Field Replaceable Units

Identify the different types of FRU that can be used for replacement or subassembly.

4. Proper assembly and disassembly

Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects1. Peopleware2. Firmware3. Software4. Hardware5. Static(ESD)6. Electricity

Peopleware Untrained personnel would probably damage programs in PC.

Firmware Programs or software burnt in chips may be corrupted.

Software Corrupted operating systems would cause the system to fail.

Hardware

Defective hardware components would lead to computer malfunction. Hardware conflicts and viruses can hinder your computers

performance.

ESD (Electro Static Discharge) Electro static discharge can easily damage sensitive components in

your computer.

Electricity Incoming supply from AC outlet must be regulated, power surges can

damage computer units.

Problem IsolationProblem isolation is a detective work in which you need to

determine what is out of the ordinary by making detailed observation of what is not working normally and record any information as you proceed. The information you will be able to gather will help diagnose your computer. You need to observe wisely. Look for any abnormalities in the unit, any change in smell or foreign smell, listen to all the sounds, and error codes.

Component IsolationThis section will aid in determining components in your system

which are failing. First, most systems have 3 major components; monitor, system unit, and printers. Some have multiple external devices. To troubleshoot, you need to isolate major components which are failing to operate.

Figure 1. Computer system connections

Self Check 2.2-3

Enumerate the following items below:

1. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects.2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system.

Answer Key

1. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects1. Peopleware2. Firmware3. Software

4. Hardware5. Static(ESD)6. Electricity

2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system 1. Computer Diagnosis2. Rules In Diagnosing Computer System3. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects4. Problem Isolation5. Component Isolation

TASK SHEET 2.2-2

Title : Faulty Connection of Computer PeripheralsPerformance Objectives:

Given with the different equipments, identify Faulty Connection of Computer and Peripherals

Supplies : UTP Cable, RJ 45Tools/Equipment : System unit

Monitor

KeyboardMousePrinterPower plugsAVR

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Prepare materials and tools needed2. Install system units and peripherals3. Identify and fixed faulty connections4. Power on the unit.5. Apply troubleshooting if necessary.6. Check the functionality of each computer peripherals7. Let your trainer check your works.



CRITERIADid you…

YES NO

1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.


3. Performed standard procedures in diagnosing.

4. Identified Errors & Symptoms.

LEARNING OUTCOME 3

REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

CONTENTS: Proper repairing/replacing procedures of different components Wiring techniques Power supplies Determining defective components Basic networking

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:1. Defective components properly replaced and corrected2. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with standard

procedures3. Defective components identified and separated to other components



Screw drivers (assorted) Pliers (assorted)Soldering iron WrenchesUtility software ServersWorkstations PrintersProcedures and guidelines MultitesterNetwork cable tester Crimping tools References:

Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated, Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging

Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy Way Computers - The Easy Way

EVALUATION METHOD: Demonstration & Oral Questioning Written Test


Learning ExperiencesLearning Outcome 3REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read information sheet 2.3-1 ” Proper Replacement of Components or Parts”



3. Read information sheet 2.3-2 “Adjustments, Modifications and Upgrading”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can answer self check provided in the module.



Hardware Upgrade

Compare your work to the checklist and let your trainer check it. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next information sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.

6. Read information sheet 2.3-3 “Determining Defective Components”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can answer self check provided in the

module. 7. Answer self-check 2.3-3 Compare your answer to the

answer key 2.3-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now perform Job Sheet 2.3-1. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

8. Perform Job Sheet 2.3-1

PC Troubleshooting

Compare your work to the Performance Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now move to the next learning Outcome. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.


Proper Replacement of Components or Parts

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to follow Proper procedures in Replacement of Components or Parts.

Computer Parts ReplacementReplacing computer parts and peripherals you need to consider the following factors:

1. Compatibility of the component or part2. Consider the component specification3. Components form factor

Compatibility of the Component When replacing computer parts you should check if it is compatible with

your unit. Double check on your computer manual if the component you are replacing is compatible or not with the unit because this may lead to system crash.

Component SpecificationThis focuses on the specification of the component. Check if the voltage rating, current rating, memory size and frequency matches your computer unit.

Form factor The components’ manufacturer should be considered. Check if the unit you are trying to repair or upgrade is generic or branded units. Branded units have their own set of components compatible only to their units, while genetic types can be used only to generic type of units.

List of Components Commonly Replaced in a Computer System

Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called RAM (Random Access Memory).

Video Cards- is also referred to as a graphics accelerator, is an item of personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output images to a display.

Network Interface Card – is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to network cabling. It is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network

Hard disk drive – is a fixed computer storage medium

Motherboard – is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits that perform various functions.

Processor – is also known as CPU or the Central Processing unit

General Safety Tips and Reminders

Observe good housekeeping in the area of the machines during and after maintenance.

Place removed covers and other parts in a safe place, away from all personnel, while you are servicing the machine.

Dress for the Job

Keep your tool case away from walk areas so that other people will not trip over it.

Do not wear loose clothing that can be trapped in the moving parts of a machine. Ensure that your sleeves are fastened or rolled up above your elbows. If your hair is long, use hair net or hair cap.

Insert the ends of your necktie or scarf inside clothing or fasten it with a nonconductive clip, approximately 3 inches from the end.

Do not wear jewelry, chains, metal-frame eyeglasses, or metal fasteners for your clothing.

After service, reinstall all safety shields, guards, labels, and ground wires. Replace any safety device that is worn out or defective.

Finally, reinstall all covers correctly before returning the unit to the customers.

Electrical safetyElectric current from power, telephone, and communication cables can be hazardous. To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, disconnect the attached power cords, telecommunications systems, networks and modems before you open the server/workstation covers, unless instructed otherwise in the installation and configuration procedure.

Precautions Disconnect all power before:

Performing a mechanical inspection

Remember: Metal objects are good conductors

Working near power supplies Removing or installing main units

Before starting work on the machine, unplug the power cord. Never assume that power has been disconnected from a circuit.

First, check that it has been powered-off. Always look carefully for possible hazards in your work

Moist floors Non-grounded power extension cables Power surges.

If an electrical accident occurs: Use caution Switch off power Send another person to get medical aid

Safety Inspection Guide

1. These steps will help you to identify potentially unsafe conditions on these products:

Check exterior covers for damage (loose, broken, or sharp edges)

Power-off computer. Disconnect the power cord. The power cord should be the appropriate type. Insulation on the power cord must not be frayed or worn out. Remove the cover. Check for any obvious alteration. Use good judgment as to the

safety of any alterations. Check for worn out, frayed or pinched cables. Check that the power-supply cover fasteners (screws or rivets)

have not been removed or tampered with.

Self Check 2.3-1

Place your answer on a separate sheet.

1. Give the functions of each component.

1. Memory2. Video card3. NIC4. Motherboard5. HDD

2. Factors to consider when replacing a component. 1. 2. 3.

Answer Key

1. Give the functions of each component.

1. Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called RAM (Random Access Memory).

2. Video card - is also referred to as a graphics accelerator, is an item of personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output images to a display.

3. NIC - is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to network cabling. It is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network

4. Motherboard - is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits that perform various functions.

5. HDD - is a fixed computer storage medium

2. Factors to consider when replacing a component.

1. Compatibility of the component or part2. Consider the component specification

3. Components form factor


Adjustments, Modifications and Upgrading your PC

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to

Adjust, Modify and Upgrade your PC

Upgrading Your Computer Components

To upgrade means to change some parts with faster and better performing ones. These parts may even cost less and more powerful.

Commonly Upgraded Computer Parts:

Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD monitors.

Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly replaced with DVD-ROM and DVD writers.

Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with faster and high capacity hard drives.

Keyboards and mouse- keyboards and mouse are commonly replaced with optical mouse and wireless keyboards.

RAM (Random Access Memory)- upgrading the computer’s memory or RAM speeds up the performance of the computer

Video cards- upgrade computer’s graphics card to improve the computers performance in terms of graphics and games.

Processors- replacing the possessors increases the data processing speed.

Modem- installing a modem enables your computer to connect to the internet.

How to Speed up the Computer

1. Defragmenter utility: Automatically analyzes the empty disk space on the hard disk and defrag all scattered files.

2. Shutdown Unnecessary programs: Close all unwanted programs at the Windows startup and this will automatically increase the windows loading time and speed of the computer will also be increased.

3.Increased memory: increasing the memory in the system will result to exceptional speed of your computer.

Close the unnecessary programs

4. Disk Cleanup: You can delete unwanted programs and files from your computer and this will be helpful in increasing the speed.

5. Empty Recycle Bin: Delete all the files and folders from the recycle bin and you will get the space of C drive for reusability.

Memory Upgrade

To make your computer faster you can upgrade its memory, here are the steps in upgrading your computers memory

1. Remove the memory modules from the slot.

2. In Fig 1.2 the notches we have marked as A are used for the ejector clip on the DIMM slot.

The notches we have marked as B are used to align the memory module with the DIMM slot key C as shown in Fig 1.3.

In Fig 1.3 you can see the ejector clips (D), using your finger, push these into the down position as shown in Fig 1.3 this allows the memory to be inserted.

3. Now you are ready to install the module, ensuring the notches line up with the keys gently but firmly push the memory into the slot until it is seated fully(see Fig 1.4), the ejector clips should rise to the vertical

position as shown in Fig 1.5.

4. Now your memory is installed. Be sure you haven't loosened any cables while working and also ensure that the memory module is fully seated and the ejector clips are in the vertical position.

Video card Upgrade

Installing the video card

Next take the video card (hold it by the edges) and line it up with the slot paying careful attention to the alignment notch, when it is aligned correctly press gently but firmly until the card is seated fully and evenly into the slot (see fig 1.3).

When you are happy that the card is firmly in place, insert the fixing screw fig 1.4 and check to make sure you haven't loosened anything during installation.

Replace the case cover and reconnect the mains power.

When you reboot your machine Windows (or other OS) should find the card automatically, it may then ask you to insert the disk/CD that came with your video card, insert the CD and follow the on-screen instructions to install the video card driver.

Hard Drive UpgradeThe first thing to do (after removing the case covers) is to locate the drive bay where the hard drive will go (see fig 1.3 below).

In our example in fig 1.3 above we have a drive already in the bay so you can see more clearly where it should be situated.

The next step is to attach the IDE and power cables.

In fig 1.4 below you can see a standard IDE Cable, note there are 3 connections (notice the difference in distance between the connectors), connection A plugs into the motherboard and then the slave and master connections are used for IDE devices such as hard drives, if you are only installing one drive or the new drive is to be the master then use the master connector, if the drive is to be the slave then use the slave

connector.

The IDE cable will be marked down one side with a red or black strip, this denotes

Pin 1, match this with the Pin 1 indicator on the back of the hard drive.

The power cable you will find in your case attached to your power supply.

Self Check 2.3-2

Write down the process of upgrading the following component:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Answer key

1. Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD monitors.2. Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly replaced

with DVD-ROM and DVD writers.3. Keyboards are commonly replaced with wireless keyboards4. Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with

faster and high capacity hard drives.5. Mouse- commonly replaced with optical mouse

TASK SHEET 2.3.1

Title : Hardware UpgradePerformance Objective : Given the tools and materials, upgrade your

computer by installing a network card.

Supplies/Tools : Philip Screw DeriverAnti-static wrist strapAnti-static mat

Tools/Equipment : Working ComputerNetwork Card

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Prepare the needed tools, supplies & materials2. Install the network card3. Start the computer4. Make necessary configuration5. Test the functionality of the network card.



CRITERIADid you…

Yes No

1. Observed safety precautions

2. Used appropriate tools in upgrading

3. Made necessary improvement and adjustment in terms of upgrading.

4. Installed driver properly.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.3-3Determining Defective Components

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Determining

Defective Components

Testing Procedures

Deciding When to Test the System. Identify computer symptoms and defects

Preparing to Test the System . It’s recommended that you should not plug your computer and monitor directly to a wall outlet. Rather, you should purchase a UPS (uninterruptible power supply). The UPS serves as a surge protector to prevent your system from being damaged if a power spike is delivered to it and when power will fail unexpectedly. The UPS gives you time to save your work and properly shut down your system. If a system is turned off and back on rapidly, it’s probably not good for the system. A very short power drop could mimic this effect and could be hard on both the computer and the monitor.

Test Your Computer Memory RAM

I want to do this!

Most Computer Memory comes with a life time warranty from the manufacturer but this can be very inconvenient. You can return memory easily to the seller in the 1st 2 weeks but most problems show themselves much later and it always seems to happen when you need your computer the most. Learn how to detect problems in the 1st 8 hours after you install memory and save yourself from headaches and inconvenience down the road.

Memory is an easy upgrade but how do you know its running at the advertised speed? Do you know for sure its running error free? Memory can arrive from the seller and have a defects that won't be seen for weeks or a months. But then it happens. Blue screens, freezing, memory errors, spontaneous reboots. All signs of defective memory. Read on to learn how to protect yourself from buying bad memory.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:


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New memory

CD burner

Blank CD-R or CDRW

1. We will assume you know how to buy the right memory. If not, visit my article on buying the right memory.

2. Shut down your PC, unplug your computer, and Open the cover.

TIP: If you have toggle switch on the back of your power supply, you can add more safety by turning the switch off and leaving the computer plugged into the wall outlet. Yes, leave it plugged with the hard power switch off. This provides an excellent ground to your computer with no actual power applied.

3. we have 2 sticks of new memory rated for our computer.Lets assume our computer has 4 slots. 2 slots are filled, 2 are empty.With the case open, open the levers on the side of the installed memory sticks and remove them. Put them in a safe place.

4. Insert the new memory sticks in the same place the old sticks were and lock the levers. The reason we are doing these extra steps is so we can test the new memory. Leaving in the old memory can affect the new memory's speed reading or even errors in the old memory will not be clearly the fault of the old memory.

5. Turn on the power and boot up. Watch for the prompt to access SETUP or BIOS. Most popular keys for this are DEL, F2, or F10.

6. Inside the BIOS or Setup screen, look for the section called memory. Check to see the memory is running at the speed you purchased and displays the full amount you purchased. Exist setup and allow computer to boot up fully.

7. Download Memtest86+ 2.11. Its free and supports DDR2 and DDR3 memory. Unzip the file and create a CD using the ISO file using your favorite cd burner program. This is a bootable CD.

8. Reboot the PC and insert the CD you just made before the post screen is done. Assuming your PC is set to boot from the CD first,(most are), the CD will start up the MEMTEST program and start running. This will run over and over. It will also count how many times its run and the number of errors it encounters. The number of errors should be zero.

9. Let it run for up to 8 hours. Once you are satisfied, exit the program using the legend on screen. Remove the CD, and turn off the computer.

10. You now know you have reliable memory that will likely last for years to come

How to Tell if a Motherboard Is Defective

I want to do this!

The motherboard is the backbone of your computer as it is the piece that all of the other components are connected to. If your computer will not boot up properly or power on at all the problem may potentially lie with the motherboard. Because so many other components are connected to the motherboard you will need to troubleshoot each other part first.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

Screwdriver Replacement processor Replacement RAM modules Replacement video card

1. Turn the computer off and then remove the power cable from the electrical wall outlet. Plug a power cable from a different electrical device into the outlet and power it on so that you can rule out the outlet as your problem. Connect the computer's power cable back into the outlet.

2. Power the computer back on and place your hand behind the case near the power supply. Wait a few moments to see if any air is pushed out of the power supply by the cooling fan. Replace the power supply instead of the motherboard if the fan is not working.

3. Shut down the computer again and pull out all of the cables from the back side of the case. Remove any other devices you have connected to the front ports on the computer such as a USB printer or jump drive.

4. Set down the computer so that the left side panel is facing towards you. Unlock the side panel from the computer case by removing the case screws if there are any. Twist of the thumbscrew or pull up on the metal holding latch if the computer does not use case screws.

5. Remove the screws holding any expansion cards to the case and then pull them off the motherboard. Pull out all of the cables running from the motherboard to the power supply and drive bays. Pull out the

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screws holding the motherboard to the case. Pull the motherboard straight up out of the case and set it down carefully on a flat non-metal surface.

6. Check to make sure that there is no physical damage to the motherboard such as bent pins or burnt transistors. Purchase a new motherboard and place it back in the case if there is any visible damage.

7. Remove the screws holding the power supply to the case and slide it out of the drive bay. Set it down near the motherboard and connect the SATA cable from the motherboard to the power supply. Connect the power cable from the power supply to a wall outlet. Plug cable from the computer's monitor into the corresponding port on the motherboard.

8. Remove the RAM modules and replace them with another set. Press down the power button on the motherboard with a screwdriver or another flat object. Wait to see if the computer loads up without error, which will indicate that the problem is with the RAM modules instead of with the motherboard.

9. Power the motherboard back off and replace the processor with a different one. Turn the motherboard back on and see if the system boots up normally, which will indicate a defective processor.

10.Turn the motherboard off and replace the video card with a different one. Power the motherboard on and see if the system boots up, which will indicate a defective video card.

11.Replace the motherboard if the system still will not boot up after all of the other components have been checked.

How to Know If a Sound Card Is Bad

I want to do this!


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You turn on your computer one morning, hoping to listen to the morning news, but there's one tiny little problem. You're not getting any sound out of the speakers. A few simple steps will determine what is wrong.

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

Extra set of speakers

Another computer

Internet access

1. Try restarting the computer to see if it does it again. It may be a freak incident.

2. If that doesn't work then check to make sure that everything is plugged in and is turned on. This includes checking the wires from the speakers to the computer and making sure the speakers have power. Also check to see if the volume isn't muted or turned down extremely low.

3. Check to see if the driver is working. Click the start menu, right click on the computer icon, and select properties. On the left hand side under task select device manager and select sound, video and games controller. Double click on your sound device to bring up the properties page. From here it will tell you if your sound card is working properly or not. If it isn't try reinstalling the sound card driver. If the sound card is not showing up at all, then it might be defective.

4. The next step is to rule out the speakers. Either take them and hook they up to another computer to see if they work or you can take different speakers and hook it up to the computer to see if they work. If they do work chances are the card is defective.

5. Before ruling out the sound card is toast, try rolling Windows back to an earlier date by using System Restore which is located under accessories > System Tools. Restore the computer to a few days before the problem started to happen.

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Self Check 2.3-3

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.

____1. It’s recommended that you should plug your computer and monitor directly to a wall outlet.

____2. The motherboard is the backbone of your computer as it is the piece that all of the other components are connected to.

____3. If your computer will not boot up properly or power on at all the problem may potentially lie with the keyboard.

____4. You must turn the computer off before removing any component from the motherboard.

____5. The first step in troubleshooting your PC is to restart the system.



Answer Key

1. F2. T3. F4. T5. T

JOB SHEET 2.3-1

Title : PC Troubleshooting

Performance Objectives: Given the necessary tools, materials and equipment, perform PC testing and troubleshooting.

Supplies : Manuals Tools/Equipment : Defective Computer Unit, Automatic Voltage

Regulator (AVR), Power Cables, Sound card, Video card, Screw Diver

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Prepare the needed tools, supplies and materials.2. Test and find defective component of the given pc.3. Replace the defective component.4. Test the functionality by starting computer.

Assessment Method:

Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist

PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST

CriteriaDid you… YES NO

1. Plugged in the power cable properly.

2. Connected AVR to the Power source properly.

3. Carefully observed safety precautions.

4. Identified and replaced defective component.

5. Replaced defective devices successfully.

6. Repaired defective PC successfully.

7. Observed OHS Procedures.

LEARNING OUTCOME 4

TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

CONTENTS: Guidelines for testing computer system Advance networking Computer systems operation Digital electronics Communications

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:2. Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with the job

requirements3. Information are shared from one computer to another as primary requirement

in computer networking4. Reports are prepared and completed according to the company requirements



Servers WorkstationsPrinters Procedures and guidelines for testingNetwork cable tester HubsPapers (for report generation) AC line (to supply power)

References: Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated,

Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy

Way Computers - The Easy WayEVALUATION METHOD:

Demonstration & Oral Questioning Written Test


Learning ExperiencesLearning Outcome 4 TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read information sheet 2.4-1 ” Testing Computer System”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now answer self check provided in the module.

2. Answer self-check 2.4-1 Compare your answer to the answer key 2.4-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now perform task Sheet 2.4-1. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

3. Perform Task Sheet 2.4-1

Testing a Computer Unit

Compare your work to the performance checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next information sheet. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.

4. Read information sheet 2.4-2 “Enumerating unpredicted events”

If you have some problem on the content of the information sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the information sheet, you can now do Task Sheet 2.4-2 provided in the module.


Error codes

Compare your work to the checklist and let your trainer check it. If you got 100% correct answer in this task, you can now move to the next self-check. If not review the information sheet and go over the task again.

6. Answer self-check 2.4-2 Compare your answer to the answer key 2.4-2. If you got 100% correct answer in this self-check, you can now move to the next Competency. If not review the information sheet and go over the self-check again.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-1Testing Computer System

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Test Computer

System

Three Major Components of Computer System: Hardware Software

Firmware

Test Your Hardware Checking your computer hardware and its peripherals

1. Computer Monitor and its peripherals Monitor and interface cables Video card Monitor power cable

2. Keyboard and Mouse Keyboard connector Mouse Connector

Interface

Video cards

Monitor power cable

Mouse connector

Keyboard connecter

3. I/O port and devices Connection between the I/O port and the peripheral device A faulty cable between the I/O port and the peripheral device A faulty peripheral device Incorrect settings in the System Setup program Incorrect settings in the system's configuration files Faulty I/O port logic on the system board

4. Power supply Power cord Fuse

Serial portsI/O circuit board

Parallell ports

Power supply

Fuse

Power cord

Power plug

Testing Your SoftwareCheck the different software installed in the computer.1. Operating system

Run live updates for your operating systems to get the latest patches and protection for your OS.

Run registry scanners to check the OS registry configuration

2. Application Software Check for live updates

3. Anti-virus software Run anti-virus program Check for virus signature updates Check for spyware updates

Test Your Firmware

Firmware- a combination of hardware and software integrated on a chip. How do you test your firmware?

Example: Check for the correct configuration on your firmware, you can accomplish this by configuring the BIOS in the computer

Sample Accomplishment Report Form

Task to be accomplished StatusHardware component testing Working Not working

properly properly

Software testing StatusWorking properly

Not working properly

Self Check 2.4-1Match the given peripheral devices to the following.

1. Computer Monitor

2. Keyboard and Mouse

3. Power supply

Answer Key

1. Computer Monitor ---E

2. Keyboard and Mouse- C & D

3. Power supply- A & B

A B C D

E

TASK SHEET 2.4-1

Title : Testing a Computer UnitPerformance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools, supplies and materials, test the following computer peripherals and equipment with the use of the tools provider. Document your testing with the use of an accomplishment form.

Supplies /Tools : Multi-testerScrew driverKeyboard and mouseBond paperRuler and Pencil

Equipment : Computer unitMonitorPower cables

Steps/ Procedures:1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials.2. Prepare observation checklist3. Start the computer.4. Test the different component of your PC.5. Accomplish the observation checklist.

Assigned Task Condition

Hardware component testing Working Not working

properly properly

Computer monitor

Power supply

Keyboard

Mouse



CRITERIADid you…

Yes No

1. Followed sequence of steps in testing.


3. Used appropriate tools in testing.

4. Accomplished report are filled-up properly.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-2Enumerating unpredicted events

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and Enumerating unpredicted events and errors in personal computer.

Error Beep codes

When a PC is first switched on or reset it performs a special diagnostic test called a POST (Power-On Self Test), to check all of the components in the PC the POST program sends out a signal to each device initializing each device's built-in self test procedure. The POST test is a two stage process:

1. First it will check all of the basic components including among other things the system clock, the processor, RAM, the keyboard controller and the Video2. After the video has been tested the BIOS will then indicate any errors encountered by displaying either a numeric code or a text message on the screen.

When a device fails the first part of the POST, the BIOS will send a series of beeps from the PC's speaker (internal) to inform the PC user that there is a problem, these beeps are coded allowing the user to diagnose the troublesome component. When the POST has been completed successfully the PC will make a short beep to let the user know everything is as it should be.

Three major brands of BIOS chip 1. AWARD BIOS2. Phoenix BIOS3. AMI BIOS

Each type of BIOS chip has it own error code

AMI BIOS ERROR BEEP CODESIndicator Error message Solutions1 Beep

2 Beeps

3 Beeps

4Beeps

5Beeps

6 Beeps

7 Beeps

8 Beeps

9 Beeps

10 Beeps

11 Beeps

Memory refresh failureMemory parity error

Memory read/write error

Motherboard timer not functioningProcessor error

Gate A20/keyboard controller failure

Processor exception interrupt

Display memory read/write failure

ROM checksum error

CMOS shutdown read/write error

Bad cache memory

Check memory

Check memory

Check memory

Replace motherboardReplace processor

Replace motherboard

Replace processor

Replace video card

Replace BIOS chip/Motherboard

Replace BIOS chip/Motherboard

Replace cache memory

Phoenix BIOS ERROR BEEP CODESPhoenix BIOS beep codes are a series of beeps separated by a pause, for example: beep --- beep beep --- beep --- beep beep would be 1-2-1-2

Indicator Error message Solutions1-1-4-11-2-2-3

1-3-1-1

1-3-1-3

1-3-4-1

1-3-4-3

Cache errorBIOS ROM Checksum

DRAM test rate

Keyboard controller testRAM failure

RAM failure data bits of low memory

Check cache memoryCheck BIOS ROM

Check DRAM

Check keyboard controller Check memory

Check memory

1-4-1-1

2-1-2-3

2-2-3-1

busRAM failure data bits of high memory busROM copyright noticeTest for unexpected interrupt

Check memory

Check ROM

AWARD BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES

Indicator Error message Solutions

One long beep and two short beeps

Two short beeps

Video error

Non-fatal error

Replace video card

Reset RAM, Check other components.

TASK SHEET 2.4-2

Title : Error codesPerformance Objective : Given the tools and equipment, identify the

different error code by removing the cards in the computer unit

Tools/Supplies : Screw driversAnti-static wrist strap

Equipment : Computer unit

Steps/ Procedure:

1. Prepare necessary tools, materials and equipment.2. Remove card and identify error code.3. Record the result of your test

Assessment Method: Demonstration with questioning , Performance Criteria checklist


You will be assessed using the following criteria

Evaluation: CRITERIA

Yes No

1. Observed of safety precautions.

2. Used Appropriate tools in testing.

3. Identified the error.

Self Check 2.4-2

Place your answers on a separate paper:Answer the following questions

1. What does the acronym POST stand for?

2. Three types of BIOS chip? Enumerate the three common brands of Bios Chip?

3. Identify the following error codes:

1-2-2-3 1-3-4-1 2-1-2-3 1-1-4-1 1-3-1-1

Answer key 2.4-2

1. POST- Power On Self Test

2. BIOS brandsa. AMIb. AWARDc. Phoenix

3. Identify the error code:

1-2-2-3= BIOS ROM checksum

1-3-4-1=RAM Failure 2-1-2-3=ROM copyright notice 1-1-4-1=Cache error 1-3-1-1=DRAM fresh rate

INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATIONEVIDENCE PLAN

TRAINEES NAME

FACILATATORS NAME

QUALIFICATION COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY COVERED

1. Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks

Ways in which evidence will be collected: [tick the column] In

terv

iew

Dem

ons

trat

ion

Wit

ten

T

est

The evidence must show that the candidate……

1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.* X2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses

and functions.X

3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.*

X

4. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified X5. Functions of the computer systems explained X6. Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on

the job requirements*X

7. Defective components properly replaced and corrected* X8. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with

standard procedures*X

9. Defective components identified and separated to other components

X

10. Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with the job requirements

X

11. Information are shared from one computer to another as primary requirement in computer networking

X

12. Reports are prepared and completed according to the company requirements

X

13. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.* X

NOTE: *Critical aspects of competency

DEMONSTRATION CHECKLIST

TRAINEE’S NAMETRAINER’S NAMEQUALIFICATION COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC IIUNIT OF COMPETENCY COVERED

2. Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks

DATE OF EVALUATIONTIME OF EVALUATIONINSTRUCTIONS FOR DEMONSTRATIONGiven the necessary materials, tools and equipment, the trainee must be able to perform the following within four (4) hours

Install Computer Systems and Networks

Materials & EquipmentObservation: / to show if evidence is

demonstratedYes No N/A

1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.

2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses and functions.

3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.

4. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified

5. Functions of the computer systems explained6. Faults and failures of the computer systems

diagnosed base on the job requirements7. Defective components properly replaced and

corrected8. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line

with standard procedures9. Defective components identified and separated to

other components10. Computer systems and networks are tested in

accordance with the job requirements11. Information are shared from one computer to another

as primary requirement in computer networking12. Reports are prepared and completed according to the

company requirements

QUALIFICATION: COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: INSTALL COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS: ( For the candidate)

A. Given the necessary tools, materials and equipment, perform the following

1. PC testing and troubleshooting 2. Identify faulty connection of Computer and Peripherals.3. Upgrade your computer by installing a network card.4. Upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.5. Troubleshoot network connection.

Duration: 2 hours

Accomplish the following before the allotted time.

COMPETENCY EVALUATION RESULT SUMMARYTRAINEES NAMEFACILITATORS NAMEQUALIFICATION COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC IIDATE OF EVALUATIONTIME OF EVALUATIONThe Performance of the Trainee in the following assessment methods [ Please Tick appropriate box]

Satisfactory Not Satisfactory

A. Demonstration

1. Diagnose & troubleshoot Computer Systems and network.

Did the trainees overall performance meet the required evidences/standards?

Recommendation

For re-evaluation ________________________________ Qualified to take the Next Competency

General comments [Strengths/Improvement Needed]

Trainee’s Signature Date:

Facilitator’s Signature: Date:

Module 2-Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks

Documents

spybot search

scientific

human resource

electro static

static wrist

tesda qa system

safety precautions

performance