Modern Gymnast - October 1967

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October, 1967

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Official Publication of the United States Gynmstics Federation

Volume IX

CONTENTS October,1967 No. 10

NOTES FROM THE EDITOR .. ......... Glenn Sundby 5 CHALK TALK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 6 USGF DIRECTORS REPORT ......... ... . Frank Bare 7 CANADIAN REPORT . .. .............. John Nooney 8 PAN AMERICAN GAMES.. .. .. . . .......... ...... 9 ALL-AROUND THE WORLD ... Ron Barak - Herb Vogel 12 GYMNASTICS IN P.E ................ A.B. Frederick 18 RESEARCH AND FITNESS ........ Dr. James S. Bosco 20 GYMNASTIC AIDS . . ........ . ..... . ... , Don Tonry 21 THE 'FLIP KIP' ..................... Phil Schneider 22 LET'S TEACH ROUTINES ......... Dr. William Vicent 22 TRAMPOLINING ....... . ... .. ... .. .. Jess Robinson 24 GYM FORUM . . ....... . ....... . ....... Lyle Wel ser 25 'Y-NEWS' . . ........................ Kenneth Hollis 25 WHAT'S THE SCORE .......................... . 27 LETTERS .............. ... ........ .. .......... 29 GYMNASTIC CALENDAR ......................... 29

COVE R: Our October MG cover was designed by our MG artist Ken Sakoda

GLENN SUNDBY ................................................... Editor-Publisher

ASSOCIATE EDITORS A. BRUCE FREDERICK ..... ............. ... : ................... ... Educotion DR. JAMES S. BOSCO ........................ .......... .. .......... Research DICK CRILEY .. ... ..................... .... .............................. Statistics J 1M FARKAS .. ................................................ ...... Instruction JERRY WRIGHT ....................... ..... ...... .. ... .. .... .. ... Competition FRANK L. BARE ......... ............. ..... .. .............. .. .. .......... .. . USGF JESS ROBINSON .... ... ......... ........................... ......... Trampoline ROY DAVIS .. ... .. .. ........ .............. .......... .... ................... Judging JACKIE KLEIN UPHUES ........... ..................... .. ... .. ....... Women KENNETH W. HOLLIS ......... .... .... ..... .......... .. ...... .... .. .. YMCA KEN SAKODA .................................................. .. Art & Design

INTERNATIONAL JOHN NOONEY ...... ... ... ........ ... ..... ....... ... ......... ..... ...... Canodo

THE MODERN GYMNAST is published by Sundby Publications, 410 Broodwoy, Santa M on ica, Cal ifornia 90401 ,' Second Class postage pa id at Santa Monica, Calif, Published monthly except bi-monthly Apr i l , May, June and July, Price $5,00 per year, SOc sing le copy: Subscrip­tion correspondence, THE MODERN GYMNAST, P,O. Box 611 , Santa Monico California 90406. Copyright 1967 © all rights reserved by SUNDBY PUBLICATIONS, 410 Broadway, Santa Monico, Calif. All pictures and manuscripts submitted become the property of THE MODERN GYMNAST unless a return request and sufficient postage are included,

NOTES FROM THE EDITOR:

IT'S OFFICIAL: The MODERN GYMNAST magazine has officially affiliated with the UNITED STATES GYMNASTICS FEDERATION. As the official publication for the USGF the MG will devote a portion of its pages to Federation news and promotion. However, the MG will not be limited to USG F material only. We will continue to report Gym­nastics in the USA and all around the World (including the AAU) with the best and most complete coverage possible.

NEW STABILITY: With this official affiliation with the USG F the M G will have a new stability and potential growth pattern never before possible, as the USGF repre­sents more then 20,000 High Schools and 700 Universi­ties amonq the seven National Associations which make up its' formal membership. Between your editor and the USG F we intend to keep the M G rolling and growing and in the mail the first week of the month filled with news and instruction.

OUT OF THE RED: Our sincerest thanks to Mr. Bruce Hopping, Chairman of the New Jersey Foundation for his generous grant to the USGF to aid their work in GYM­NASTICS for the youth of America through our publicat­ion The MODERN GYMNAST. With this Grant in Aid we were able to clear up our past indebtedness and with the added continued support from the USG F the path ahead is bright for the MG.

THANKS: We want to thank all of our readers who by their continued subscription and donation support helped to keep the M G going through the difficulties of the past year. Along with our many MG readers who continued to show faith in the MG by promptly renewing their sub­scriptions, 305 readers made 'Keep the MG Rolling' do­nations of from $1 to $75 to' help keep the MG alive, for a total of $1,511.00. Nine others showing a vote of confid­ence paid $100 each for a lifetime subscription to the MG and become a member of our Special 'MG 100 CLUB: (Which by the way is still open for membership) Thanks to all of You, Your continued support of the MG is very much appreciated.

COLOR COVERS: With this new Firm Footing we expect a new subscription growth that will soon make it possible to once again have beautiful Color Covers, more pages and other special improvements. We are thrilled with the future ahead for the M G and hope you share our excitment just as wonderfully as you shared our problems. Thanks, G.S.

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6

THE -RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL LIAISON COMMITTEE

National Association of College Gymnastic Coaches (N.A.C.G.C.)

and National Gymnastic Clinic (Sarasota) CHAIRMAN: Dr. Hartley Price, Florida

State University, Tallohassee, Florida ANNNOUNCEMENT: F 0 u r Research

Awards will be offered this year. GYMNASTIC RESEARCH AWARDS f or

1967-68. 1. The C. H . McCloy Honor Research

Award of the . National Gymnastic Clinic, Sarasota, $100. (President, Frank Cumiskey, RFD Westwood; Rockleigh, New Jersey) . Decided at Sarasota.

2. Two Honor Research Awards of the NACGC (National Association of Col­lege Gymnastic Coaches)-$100 each. (President, Dr. Hubert Dunn, Gymnas­tic Coach, Northern Illinois Univer­sity DeKalb, Illinois) a. Western Award - USGF National

Western Clinic (Chairman, Dr. Wil­liam Gustafson )

b. Eastern Award - USGF National Eastern Clinic (Chairman, Dr. Hart­ley Price)

Also at the Gymnastic Clinic at Tucson, Arizona:

3. The Gym Master Compony Research Grant - $200. (Director, Dr. Glenn Wilson, University of Arizona; Tucson, Arizona).

CRITERION OF COMMITTEE: The com­m ittee wishes to stress that studies that benef it a large group rather than a small group will be favored.

PROCEDURE OF CANDIDATES: Candidates cannot submit their outlines

to both clinics. A choice must be made. I . A prospectus of the problem must be

submitted by November 30. a. Studies for consideration for the

Honor Research Awards of the Na­tional Gymnastic Clinic or the NACGC (National Association of College Gymnast ic Coaches) Eastern Award (USGF National Eastern Clinic) must be submitted to Dr. Hartley Price, Florida State Uni­versity, by November 30. The pros­pectus will then be passed on to the sub-committee of the Research Award Committee in order to de­cide the winning candidates. It will facilitate matters if several copies of the prospectus are sent.

b. Studies for consideration for the NACGC Western Award and the Gy m Master Grant at Tucson, Ari­zona, must be submitted to Dr. William Gustafson, San Jose State College; San Jose, California.

2. The Prospectus of the Research : a . The candidates should include the

following points in their prospectus: (1) Outline the problem (2) State the hypotheses (3) Indicate the methods to be used (4) Report the bibliography that

was used in approaching the problem

(5) Justify the research b. The deadline for the prospectus

f or this year's award will be : Nov. 30, 1967.

c. Indicate the progress that has been made up-to-date on the research.

d. The members of the sub-committee will decide what candidate will re­ceive the award after studying the prospecti. Therefore, the prospecti should be very complete.

e. Each recipient of the award is ex­pected to publish his study in the Modern Gy mnast or the US Gym­nast when it is completed.

CALIFORNIA GYMNASTIC CLINIC California Christmas Clinic Director, Hal

Frey has formally announced that the 2nd Annual Winter Gymnastics Clinic will be held at the University of Calif. at Berkeley, Dec. 26-30, 1967.

Coach Frey further stated that the '67 Clinic would stress the All-Around events and that Olympians, Dale Flansaas and Art Shurlock along with past World Trampoline Champion, Dan Millman will be among the many instructors on hand assist the Men.s director, Bob Peavy and Women's director,Don Nelson. Also there will be at least six pieces of apparatus on hand for each event.

ilK M Gymnast Sets Sights

On Gridiron Mike Sasich, a high-bar specialist on

Michigan's gymnastics team, winner of the Big Ten championship six of the past seven years, is trying his hand, or foot , on the gridiron.

Sasich, who came to Newt Loken's squad from Milwaukee, showed up for practice yesterday to display his soccer-style kick· ing ability on both field goals and punts.

So far, he has kicked 28 of 30 field goals in the 35 to 50 yard range and has punted up to 70 yards.

FINNISH WOMEN'S NATIONAL GYMNASTIC TEAM TO TOUR THE

UNITED STATES In celebra tion of the fiftieth year of in·

dependence, the Finnish Government is sending the University of Helsinki Women's National Gymnastic Team on a tour of the United States. The team's itinerary will include the following areas: Montreal (Ex­po), Chicago, Detroit, Duluth, Minneapolis, Seattle, Vancouver ,Portland, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C. and New York City.

MG HOSTS JAPANESE GYMNASTIC FEDERATION PRESIDENT

Accompanied by Mr. Frank Endo, Mr. and Mrs. Takashi Ono, dropped in for a visit at our Santa Monica office. The Onos were winding up a brief tour during which they studied gymnastic programs and vis­ited coaches and officials in this country.

1967 SANTA MONICA

GYM FEST - 8mm in color-

See for yoursel f unusual gymnastics at work. Fliffus dismount from high bar in slow motion, mini-tramp and swinging rings d ismounts (triple fl yaways), double act on the uneven parollel s, handbal ­ancing, trampoline and men 's Olympic events. 150 ft. in Eastman color .

Special $12.00 Ppd.

While in Santa Monica they also had to visit a fam ed landmark and year 'round gymnastic playground, Muscle Beach.

JAPANESE GYMNASTIC TEAM TO APPEAR IN SO, CALIF.

By special arrangement of Frank Endo and Bud Marquette and approved by the FIG the J APANESE GYMNASTIC TEAM (6 :nen and 6 women) will stop over in Southern California for an exhibition at LONG BEACH CITY COLLEGE on Sat­urday, October 21st at 7 :30 P.M. on the.ir return to Japan from the Pre-Olympics In

Mexico City. THE JAPANESE TEAM headed by

Coach Takashi Ono of Olympic fame will be ; Akinori NAKAYAMA, Takuji HAYA­TA, Yudio ENDO, Takeshi KATO, Sawao KATO and Haruhiro (Yamashita ) MAT­SUDA. The women's team coached by Ka­zuko Kadowaki will be Taki SHIBUY A, Yasuko FURUYAMA, Mitsuko KANDOR, T AJIMA, Keiko YAM A N 0 U Y E and HASHIGUCHI. Manager, Yoshiharu Ko­guchi; Men's Judge, Mitsuhiro Nakajima; Women's Judge, Miyuki Arakawa. This is the ONLY stopover in the USA and the Long Beach gym only seats around 4,000 people . . . so need we say more . . . Get your tickets early .. . Special r educed ticket rates for school or club groups of 25 or more. Act now, order your tickets from: Mrs. J . Gross, 3950 Lees Ave., Long Beach, Calif. 90808. Adults 82.00, Students $1.50_ Special group rates of 25 or more by Pre­sale only $1.00 each (student or adult).

Mr. & Mrs. Ono with Frank Endo in front of MG office.

The United States Gymnastics Federation P.O. Box 4699 Tucson, Arizona

USGF DIRECTORS REPORT FRAN-K l. BARE Executive Director

Modern Gymnast Affiliates with USGF

The Modern Gymnast Magazine has formally affiliated with the U.S. Gymnastics Federation. Beginning with the October, 1967 issue, the well-known and highly re­garded Magazine will become the Official Publication of the U.S_G_F .

The U.S.G.F. received a grant from the New Jersey Committee, Inc., a non-profit Foundation interested in assisting sports and youth in the USA. Mr. Bruce Hopping, Chairman of the Foundation presented the USGF with a $10,000 donation in recogni­tion of the Federation's contribution to the development of the sport.

In turn, the U.S.G.F. has forwarded that exact amount, $10,000 to Mr_ Glenn Sundby of the Modern Gymnast Magazine in order to provide his excellent publication with much-needed fund s. The M.G. has been for many years, the voice of American Gym­nastics. For more than ten years this beautiful publication has contributed to the technical knowledge and general informa­tion of everyone involved in the sport. The funds now being provided will enable the Magazine to continue its efforts on behalf of amateur gymnastics in our nation.

It is important to note that the U.S_ Gymnastics Federation has expressed to Mr_ Sundby that we do not desire to influence his Editorial policy which we have endorsed for the past five years, but that rather we look forward to this affiliation as a means of aiding this worthwhile publication. The

M.G. will continue to report all areas of gymnastics both in this country and abroad. Mr. Sundby predicts he will maintain a 10 issue per year schedule and has already gone to press with the September 1%7 issue bringing the time-schedule right up to date_

Much could be said on behalf of Mr_ Hopping's great interest in American youth and amateur sports_ He has contributed significantly to swimming programs in our nation and the USG_F. wishes to publicly thank him for his interest in our sport and our program.

News from Around the U.S.A. Memphis Gymnastic Association President

Dave Ransom, indicates considerable inter­est in preparations for the 1968 U.S.G.F. NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS __ . far­ther to the South.. . Mr_ Fill Hendrix, President of the newly formed GYM­NASTICS TEACHERS ASSOCIATION OF TEXAS, writes that the G TAT is working towards adoption of a Statewide age group program _ __ by the way Jamille Ashmore is back once again as varsity gymnastics coach at the University of Texas_

News is out that two great Eastern clinics are set for Thanksgiving weekend . . . one at Springfield College . .. where rumor has it they will host more than 1,000 partici­pants and then another large event is set for the Phillie area, same weekend. _ _ Bill Meade, recently named Manager of the 1968 Olympic Gymnastic team and his wife, Joan are proud parents of a new addition in Patti-Jean Meade, a bouncing baby girl ... Gene Wettstone at Penn_ State Uni­versity has the most experienced coaching assistants around . ... and the largest num­ber . . . seems Gene will have Greg Weiss ( Olympian ), Tom Seward, and Gar O'Quinn (Olympian ) around as graduate students for a while... speaking of graduate assistants . . _ The University of Illinois' team will have the services of Jim Curzi, former great gymnast from Michigan State University as assistant coach ... and Sou­thern Illinois' Bill Meade will be aided by Rick Tucker _ .. Glenn Wilson, coach at the University of Arizona just returned from three weeks in Germany and several trampoline exhibitions with Dale Hardt

Mr. Bruce Hopping presents $10,000 check to Frank Bare & Glenn Sundby

(SIU) and Jay Stovall (UA) .. . seems everywhere they went USGF Champ Dale Hardt was regarded as the best trampolinist anywhere . _ . This year the Student Games were conducted in Tokyo, and the team sent representative of the U.S.A. was sel­ected by the A.A.U .. . . The F.LS_U_ (In­ternational Student Association) has just voted to transfer the franchise from the A.A.U. to those organizations in the United States representing the Colleges and Uni­versities.

Special Notice (Change of Date)

CONGRESS THIRD ANNUAL CONGRESS OF AMERICAN GYMNASTICS COACHES ... Prom·Sheraton Hotel-October 21 ·22, 1967 Kansas, City Missouri

The 1967 Gymnastics Congress is re­scheduled for October 21-22- the reason for changing the dates is to accommo­date and facilitate the appearance of one or more representatives of the F.I.G. This will afford our administrators and coaches and judges the chance to learn first hand the deductions, rating and judging methods as they are to be used for Mexico City in 1968. SESSIONS ARE SCHEDULED ON THE F.I.G .... HOW IT WORKS, IS FIN­ANCED, WAS FORMED .. . AND THE SPE­CIAL SESSIONS ON JUDGING AND TRAINING OF JUDGES AND REFEREES IN GYMNASTICS . .. DON'T MISS THIS YEAR'S CONGRESS . _ . be there to take in all the sessions and meet the members of the F.I.G. who have promised to attend and take part in bringing more up-to-date gymnastics information to American gymnastics en­thusiasts.

For Hotel reservations send your name and date of arrival to: Mr. Howard Tinker, Prom-Sheraton Hotel, 6th and Main, Kan­sas City, Missouri. (Include $10.00 regis­tration fee to USGF, which covers banquet, breakfast and party)

ANGELES AWARDS A new gymnastic shield award is now

available from Angelus Advertising Spec­ialties in Hollywood. This new Award is in the $1.25 price range and made of castite with gold and silver leaf finishing that is truly beautiful .

Now even the smallest meets can make use of these emblematic trophies. Molds are made and we are in production on all 16 Gymnastic Figures.

The Standard and Elite sizes will also carry the new gold and silver leaf fini.sh which is an entirely new concept in tro­phy design. This outstanding new finish is sure to please the most discriminating buyer and recipient.

The manufacture is an eighteen year old firm with a well established reputation and they guarantee that all deliveries will will be made.

Take advantage of these beautiful tro­phies for your next meet. (See ad in this edition of the MG and send your orders direct to that address.)

CROSSMASTER 1992 E Oakland SI Pasadena. California 91104

7

~CANADIAN ~ REPORT

by fohn Nooney 18 Lavington Dr. Weston, Ontario

HERE AND

THERE

C.N.E. RUSSIAN DISPLAY The members of the Demonstration team

were as follows : Mikhail Voronin and Vic­tor Lsitzski (Olympic Apparatus), Natali Koutschinskaya and Zinaida Druzhinina (Olympic Apparatus), Ludmila Savinova and Yelena Karpukhina (Modern Gymnas­tics), Vyacheslav Krasheninikaov and Vasily Skakun (Tumbling) .

Coach Mr. Ilyin and Team Manager Mr. Yeremin (Chairman of the Moscow Sports Federation) .

The modern gymnastic representatives opened the display with rope skipping and a hoop display. The throwing and catching of the hoop was very well performed and the musical arrangement was superb. Piano music was used throughout the whole dem­onstration. H ere in North America we should use piano music for marching in, changing to apparatus, etc., much more fre­quently.

The modern gymnastics was followed by a · fine Balance Beam performance by Zin­aida Druzhinina, an excellent routine fin ­ished off with a nice high back sommy dismount. Natali Koutschinaya gave a magnificent floor exercise routine utilizin g a great deal of dance composition with acrobatic elements and tumbling difficulty. Obvious here, the amplitude of the move­ments and her lightness and gracefulness were a pleasure to watch, especially in the use of her whole body.

The tumbling was unbelievable : high double twists, back sommy (8 ft. high ), also double side sommy, all done with flow and continuity and perfect form. I have never seen such excellent tumbling in my life performed with such ease and grace. Vasi ly Skakun and Viachesscan Krasheni­nika must be without a doubt the world's best tumblers.

Finally the great Mikhail Voronin and Victor Lsitzski. Mikhail was here on his honeymoon having just married Zinaida Druzhinina in Moscow. Voronin says "I :want to thank the people of Canada, John, for their congratulations and good wishes on behalf of my wife and myself." So, Mik­hail gave us a flawless Side Horse demon­stration, his partner Victor Lsitzski went on Rings, started with a cross (straight up) swing to H.S., press to H.S. (made it look so easy), finished with a 1 V2 twist di s­mount- effortless and no straining. His holds were perfectly executed with perfect continuity and flow, the hallmark of a fin e performer.

Victor aslo performed on the P .B. H e mounted to double leg circles (same as Side Horse), then a swing to pirouette, back s?"!my bet~een bars (High), a high stutz fmlshmg With a high sommy dismount to a still landing. Voronin also did a very well executed routine. The great lesson we can learn from these world champions is

8

the technical correctness of each movement and the unhurried performance; they are the boss of the apparatus.

The closing display was a letter-perfect routine on the High Bar by Victor Lsitzski. Victor's giants were flawless, superb side vault regrasp had excellent flow and con­tinuity finished with a perfect high double twist dismount to a still landing. Victor had the crowd standing on their feet.

Watching these excellent gymnasts were a very fine in telligent audience. It is ob­vious that our audiences now are able to grasp the composition requirements in rou­tines. The slow rhythmical clapping (Euro­pean tradition) is now part of the Canadian ~ymnastic scene, also the standing ovat ion IS now becoming a tradition.

In the past year, thousands of Canadians have watched gymnastics (Pan Am Games Nationals, Russian T our ). There is no doubi in mind that our Sport is outdrawing any other amateur Sport at present in Canada.

Arrangements are now being made to have the .Danish team at York University, Toronto, m October and the Finnish team will tour Ontario some time this coming season.

GYM SKETCH by H. Wilhelm

Bill Mackie was born in Vancouver, B.c. on November 27, 1945. He is the oldest of three children all of whom are interested in sports.

Bill's interest in gymnastics began at the age of ten, when he joined the YMCA and became a member of the Gymblers club, formed and coached by Don McCuaig. The club promoted leadership and fitness through gymnastics. In 1963 Mike Grant became coach of the Gymblers and they increased apparatus work and Bill's interest really grew. When Mike was transferred to Regina, Gary Hanko came to Vancouver Y. Bill con tinued to train there, working out mostly with younger teammate Ron Hunter .

When Gary left Bill and Ron continued their gymnastics; training with the UBC Turners, while coaching the Gymblers under the direction of Jim Condie, Phys ical Director at the Y. At Turners' the boys learned what they could pick up from the older members wi thout any regular coach­ing, but practiced together at every oppor­tunity.

Bill Mackie

Bill has competed in many Provincial meets as a junior until 1965. He then moved up into Senior competition placing 9th in the 1966 Canadian Championships and 8th in the 1967 Pan-Am Trials and was alter­nate on the Canadian Pan-Am at Winnipe/!. In the 1967 Canadian Championships, Bill placed 5th All-Round. At present Bill is attending the University of British Colum­bia in the Faculty of Physical Education: He is one of the UBC Thunderbirds Col· legiate Team who compete throughout the Northwest United States and Western Can­ada. Bill was on the winning team in the Canadian National Collegiate Meet. Bill and the team are expecting bigger and better thin/1:s with their new Coach, Bruno Klaus at UBC this fall.

1967 CANA DIAN CENTENNIAL TRAMPOLINE CHAMPIONSHIPS

AT THE C.N.E., TORONTO The junior men's Canadian champion­

ships was won by Paul Bouchard, Montreal. Russel Pierce of Ottawa was second and Steve Levitan of Ottawa was third .

In the men's senior Canadian champion­ships it was Rick Kinsman retaining his title. Wayne King his teammate, second and Gil Larose, better known as a gymnast was third. '

On Saturday night in the women's senior open Vicki Bollinger of Springfield, Illinois placed first and Janet Ingram, her club mate, was second. Vicki looked very good, she bounces with authority, control and excellent form. This gi rl has a great future.

Over 14 entries in the Men's Open senior. Many American trampolinists took part. Dave Jacobs, the present world champion from University of Michigan; took first. Here is part of his routine: Pike rudolph out fliffi s, a double back sommy, a double back twisting sommy, 1 % back sommy to a double twisting cody, a barani out to a fliffi s and many more excellent moves. Dave Harlan , also of Michigan, placed sec­o~d . A very fine trampolinist ... this boy Will require watching, very fin e control and natural form. Our local boy, Rick Kinsman, placed third , what a fine athlete (placed 3rd All Round in gymnastics the same day). Rick has that desire to excell which is essential for a gymnast or trampolinist. I just hope we can send this very excellent trampolinist to the World Championships in South Africa.

As the meet . chairman for trampolinin g, may I take thiS opportunity to thank the Judges and Officials and Me George N is­sen for the loan of the excellent trampo­lines.

Judges: Mr. Newt Loken (U of M), Mr. J . Clark (Springfield ) ,. Mr. R. IVI unn (N is­sen), Me E. Cole (Nissen), Me J . Nooney (Referee), Mr. Peter Rogers (Counter) Mr. L. Martin (Announcer), Me Al War: rick, (Recorder).

RESULTS Se~lor Open Mens: Dove Jacobs, USA, 9.55;

Denn IS Harlan , USA, 8 .95; Rick Kinsman Can­ada , 8 .85; George Huntizerger , USA. 8 .56; Don Portman, USA, 8.00. Senior Mens CI"sed : Ri ck Kinsman , Toronto, 8:75; Wayne King, Toronto , 8.40; GIl La Rose, Montreal , 8. 15. Junior Mens Closed : Jean Paul Bouchard Montreal 7 70' Russell Pierce, Ottawa, 7.10' Steven Lev iton' Ottowa, 6 . 10. Senior Open Womens : Vicki Bo l ~ linger, USA 9. 10.

THE II SLET OF CZECHOSLOVAK SOKOL ABROAD MONTREAL 1967

Women Womens High Division : (1) Ellen Babuska

Lodge 12 U.S.A. ; (2) Diona Yendrek, L. 103 U.S.A.; (3) Sondra Moody, L. 260 U.S .A. Womens Intermediate Division : (1) Carol Scrutari L 15w U.S.A. ; (2) Siava Corn Toronto Sokol: (3) Dionne Dingleberry, L. 15w 'U.S.A. Womens ' Low Dh'ision: (1) Lillian Herbrek, L. 1 U.S.A.; (2) AlIce Na rulak, L. 12, U.S.A. ; (3) Judy Smith ,

Continued on page 24

'67 PAN AMERICAN GAMES • •

9

Japanese Team : Hasaiguchi , Yamagami,Matsuhisa,Kondori. USA Team: Hashimoto,Metheny ,Schaenzer,Gleason.

12

1967 Universiade Games

By Ron Barak USA Men's Team Coach

The story of the 1967 Universiade Games Men's Gymnastics T eam can be summed up in one word- SUCCESS!

The International University Sports Fed­eration (FISU) was formed in 1948 and held its first Unive rsiade Games in 1955_ Since then the Games have been held every two years, growin g in size and stature with each competition_ Approximately fifty na­tions hold membershi.p in FISU, which also holds a Winter Student World Champion­ships every two ycars (one year removed from the Summer Games), and their Ulli­-versiade Games, open to university students of any age and level, and to past university students under the age of 28 and out of school for less than two years at the date of competi tion, is fast becoming one of the largest and most important amateur ath­leti c competitions in the . world today.

The United States fir st began parti cipat­ing in the Universiade Games in 1965 when the Games were held in Budapest, Hungary. At that time the U.S. contingency numbered in the forti es. Nevertheless it established itself as the most potent team present, in spit e of competition from countries with much larger teams. This year the Games were held in Tokyo, Japan at the site of the 1964 Olympic Games_ The United States was present again, this time with a team about fifty per cent larger than in Buda­pes t. Once more the U .S. team stood out.

In 1965 one American gymnast- Makoto Sakamoto- represented the United States in the Universiade Games_ He was third only to Akinori Nakayama of Japan and Miroslav Cerrar of Yugoslavia.

In the early part of this year attempt s were made to determine the possibilities of a full men's gymnastics team participa tin g in the 1967 Un iversiade Games. The first probl em was money. The Department of Stat e, which had already offered to under­write a considerable portion of the expenses for the U.S. participation in the 1967 Un i­versiade Games, and which had done like­wise in 1965, offered to finan ce one gymnast. Since a full Universiade Gymnastics team consists of four gymnasts, fund s had to be located for at least three more men, not counting an alterna te, or a coach, or a manager. Fortunately, enough private inter­est, and capital, was found and the problem was resolved. I would like, in spi te of direc­ti ons to the contrary, to publicly acknowl-

edge those who made this entire effort possible : (alphabetically) American ' Ath­letic Eqnipment Company, International Gymnastic Materials, The Manrie Lnx ford Fonndation , Midwest Gymnastics Associa­tion , Nissen Corporation, Sonthern Cali­fo rnia Gymnastics Association, and Trampo­line Incorporated. In addition, blazers and slacks, as well as travel bags, were provided by the AA U, and luggage was supplied by Armored Luggage of Calif.

The second problem was determining a method by which a team could be selected. To make a very long story short, the out­come was that the optional portion of the Preliminary Pan American Games Trials and the National AAU Championshi ps, which were two separate competitions over­lapping to the extent of the six optional exercises, was used to select three members of the team, as well as the alternate, and the other member of the team was deter­mined by the highest eligible finisher in the National AAU All Around Champion­ships. Based on this formula, the following team was jointly approved by the AAU, as the United Sta tes member to the interna­tional gymnastics governing body, Feder­ation Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), and by the United States National Student Association, as the United States member to FISU: Makoto Sakamoto (AA U All Around) , Kanati Allen, Sid Freudenstein, Arno Lascari and Dave Thor (alternate) . My selection as the team's coach was also jointly made by the AAU and NSA.

The team officially assembled at the Uni­versity of Southern California (for training purposes on ly) immediately following the Pan American Games, although two n1em­bers of the team trained there for the entire summer. This provided three weeks of training together prior to departure and then one more week of training together in Japan up until the competition.

Although I have been fortunate to have competed on several past USA teams, this was the fir st one that I was privileged to coach. The background as a r ecent com­petitor helped immeasurably , but that it is harder to coach a team than to compete on one is putting it mildly. I had one prelim­inary thought in mind as I approached the task : this team was going to be exactly that- a TEAM- NO individuals. Based on the lack of unity . with which our 1964 Olympic T eam worked, and particularly sensitive because I felt that I and everyone else on that team would have performed better with it, I was prepared to shove that concept down their throats ! It wasn't necessary. They were all for it.

The approach taken was that Dave was the alternate and that he would remain so unless I came to feel that our team posi­tion would have changed ( that is, we would have moved, for example, from fi fth to fourth; not just that we would have moved closer to fourth ) by replacing someone on the team with Dave, whether because of injury or otherwise. 'This was in strict keepin g with the philosophy we had set up

- team pOSItIOn was first, all around was second ( individual events would have been third , but they aren't awarded in the Uni­versiade). Arno was elected the Team Cap­tain, and although I stressed tht': idea of making the important decisions the respon­sibility of all of the team, Arno did a great job for us. As an illustration of the team makin g important decisions, and though I had given considerable attention to our order of competition, we used a team meet-

13

in g, not at a ll an uncommon device on the trip, to make our final order of competiti on. For example, it was the team itself that decided to put Mako up last on fi ve of the six events because he had the bes t chance in the All Around.

There was one place where the unity concept was not used. Each of the gymnasts on the team was used to his own method of training and no attempt whatsoever was made to have any of them deviate from their habit s. Mako and Kanati train prob­ably the hardest. With Arn o's elbow, if anyone would have suggested that he follow their schedule he would have been miser­able-and a cripple-by the time we go t to J apan. This is not in any way to belittle Arno- not many gymnasts have come as far in this country as he has. It simply would have been as silly to have pushed him harder at that stage of the game as it would have been to have slowed Mako or Kanat i down_ The only time the team worked the same was on the two occasions at USC that we performed routines under meet conditions.

Competition at the Universiade Games is at the present time based on optional exer­cises only and, as awards are not made in the individual events, there are no fin als. Free Exercise, Side Horse and Rings are run the first day. The second day is res t. Long Horse, Parallel Bars and Horizontal Bar are run on the third day.

The results of the competition are repro­duced below_ It is quite apparent that no comm unist countries were present. As it was explained to us, this was a last minute boycott on the Games as a resul t of a squabble between North Korea and FISU over the official name that the orth Korean contingency was to be given! The communist countries h a v e participated longer and with greated numbers in the Universiade than has the Uni ted States, and undoubtedly will be back on the scene again by the next Games. Still it was our misfortune, indeed it was our tragedy, con­sidering how well we did, that they were not there . At the risk of sounding like the man who sa id "you should have Seen the one that got away !", our second place team fini sh would not likely have been reduced any more than to third. I think the scores below back this up. The Russians may have beaten us, but it's not likely that anyone else would have, and we might have given the Russians something to think about.

Of the teams that were there, Japan was clearly the tops. They were great and un­doubtedly three of the four will be on their

14

nex t Olympic Team : Nakayama, Kato (Takashi ) and Kato (Sawao)_ Th is is not to say that M iki , their fourth , won 't, but the other three have a lready made their Pre-Olympic T eam, along with Endo, Ha­ya ta and Matsuda (Yamash ita ). When you realize that only the top three of the four scores count on each event , Finl and and South Korea really had strong teams­enough so that we weren't favor ites over them in anyone's eyes. I t took a 9.40 team ave rage on our part to bea t them- prob­ably th e best international performance that United States gymnastics has ever made. Of the other teams there, the Swedes were parti cularly good, but they lacked a fourth man which made it impossible for them to really do welL

In closing I would like to make some fin al observations. First of all , along with the Japanese, we were the only team to go through the entire meet without one missed routine. Other than J onsson of Sweden (who bea t only one of our men) and Nissinen of Finland, both the National Champions in their respective countries, all

four of our team beat everyone in the all around , but for the Japanese. And this in­cluded such top a ll around men as Lai ho of Finland and Kim of South Korea. Indi­vidual performances of ours that were highly received in cl uded S id 's F ree Exer­cise, Arno's Parallel Bars and Kanati's Hori zontal Bar (whi ch ti ed for the highes t score on that event- 9.70 ) _ From the re­sponse of the J apanese newspapers and the gymnastic world that was present, i j we can master the compulsories, the U.S. will be treat ed wit h more respect in Mexico City next yea r th an ever before. If for that alone, thi s trip would have to be consid­ered a huge success. As far as the success of the team , the kids are responsible for every hit of it. Every Illan supplied the others with the confidence of a team behind him and pu lling for him ; the rest seemed to follow. And it was truest of all wi th respec t to Dave. There may have been only four men competing, but thanks to hi m it was a fi ve man team all the way. It was a privilege to have worked with them and to have been a part of it.

Kato (Japan)

WORLD UN I VERSITY C H AMP I ONS HIP S

TEAM FLOOR SIDE RINCS LONG PARALLEL HORIZONTAL TOTAL EXEnCISE HORSE

JAPA N 28.70

USA 28.00

S. KOREA 26.85

FINLA ND 27.1 0

W.GERNIANY 27.15

SWEDEN 27.00

ITAL Y 26.20

FRANCE 24.45

28.90

27.80

27.90

28.25

26.65 24. 70

23.45

25.00

29.05

28.50

28.30

27.95

27.85 27.85 26.35

25.70

HORSE BARS Blln

28.85

27.95

27.05

27.45 27.25

28.05

26. 05

25.95

29.3 0

28.3 0

28.30

27.85

27.90

27.25 26.85

26.55

29.10

28.75

27.95 27.30

27.10

28.20

25.35

23.90

IND IVID UAL MEN ALL-ARO UN D

173.90

169.30

166.35 165.90

163.90

163.05

154.25

151.55

NAME FLOOR SIDE RINGS LONG PARALLEL HORIZONTAL TOTAL EXERCISE HORSE HORSE BARS BAR

NAKAYAMA 9.70 japa"

KA TO, T. 9.50 japa"

KATO, S. 9.35 japa"

MIKI 9.50 japa"

SAKAMOTO 9.30 usa

NISSINEN 9.10 ji"la"d

ALLEN 9.20 usa

FREUDENSTEIN 9.50 usa

JONSSON 9.30 swede"

LASCA RI 8.75 usa

A LIESCH 9.25 switzerland

HOP fNE R 9.20 w germany

KANG 9.25 s korea

KIM 8.85 s ko rea

ILLI switzerla"d

9.15

9.70 9.80 9.60 9.80 9.70

9.60 9.55 9. 70 9.70 9.70

9.60 9.70 9.55 9.70 9.70

9.40 9.35 9.45 9.80 9.60

9.40 9.60 9.40 9.50 9.55

9.50 9.50 9.10 9.45 9.50

9.25 9.45 9.10 9.30 9.70

8.90 9.30 9.45 9.25 9.40

8.65 9.35 9.45 9.30 9.55

9.15 9.45 9.00 9.50 9.50

9.25 9.00 9.30 9.20 9.35

9.30 9.30 9.05 9.05 9.20

8.00 9.65 9.30 9.30 9.55

9.75 9.40 8.25 9.60 9.1 5

8.70 9.10 9.25 9.35 9.30

58.30

57.75

57.60

57.10

56.75

56.15

56.00

55.80

55.60

55.35

55.35

55.10

55.05

55.00

54.85

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15

UNIVERSIADE Women's Team Scores

JAPAN USA KOREA

11 2.60 110.05 105.75

UNIVERSIADE Women's All-Around

Miyuki MATSUHISA,Japan 37 .80 Linda METHENY,USA 37.40 Mitsuko KANDORl ,Japan 37.40 K.YAMAGA,Japan 37.25 Kathy GLEASON,USA 36.55 K. HASHIGUCHI,Japan 36.55

:§?Hl'~iw

9~u1~ WISCONSIN STATE UNIV.

DEPT OF PE. & ATHLETICS SUPERIOR, WISe. 54881

A SEARCH F OR CONCEPTS (Part II-Setting Behavioral Objecti ves)

Synopsis Dr. Asah el D. Woodmi/, Dean of Educa· tion at the University of Utah, was a fea tured speak er at the National Con· vention of AA HPER in Las Vegas las t March. His presentation, "Basic Conce pts oj Teaching" was discussed in part in th e last issue of the M .G. We have com· pared the learner to a computer and have used such te rms as imput ( information fe d into th e computer or sensory informa· tion in th e learner); storage (what hap· pens to the information._ inside the computer or learner); feed back (a gen· eral term describing modifications of stored imput) and output ( th e computer's answer or the reaction oj th e learner, th e latter measured in terms of behaviors.)

If the learning process is affec ted by a multitude of behav iors both mental and physical, then as some scientists suspect, a newborn baby has already been exposed to a vari ety of stimuli while in the feta l stage. L earning in one form or another con­tinues for a lifetime. An overs im plifica tion of this process is depicted in Fig. 1.

Dr. Woodr uff used two terms quite fre­quently during hi s presen ta tion. T hey are "conditioned instrument al acts" and "con­cep ts." The diagram in Fig. 1 is open­ended which implies tha t both concepts and conditioned instrumental acts are con· tinually modified or expanded during a lifetime.

A baby is born completely dependent on it s parents for survival. Communication be­tween parent and infant is very primitive. F or the most part it is the parent who responds to the needs of the baby when the baby is hungry, needs a " chan ge" or is otherwise uncomfortable. Learning a t thi s stage of life consists of many, seemingly unsignifi cant, physical acts which all par­ents have witnessed and at time rave about. " He rolled over!" ; "He smiled! "; "I think he just followed my fin ger !" The baby does not discuss philosophy or religion ; he can't even speak intelligently. He performs and learns conditioned , instrumental acts which will eventually become more compli­cated.

For the most part these acts or behav iors are part of the process known as "operant

18

conditioning." Once s u c h behav ior is lea rned, there is n ot much thinking ( i f any) necessary. Walking is one exam ple. On a slightly higher level, our forward roll is another. Even if the walkin g ga it does not con for m to a preferred standard , it is st ill a cond itioned behavior a lbei t innefi ­cient. S ince you are in terested in gymn as­ti cs, yo u have undoubtedl y watched the face of a yo ungster (o r oldster ) as he a ttempts to mas ter a four point (hand and kn ee) dro p on the trampoline. At first you may actu a lly "see" the bra in working on this new adjustment to an uncondi tioned act. Eventually, however, the face relaxes an d the performer ( includin g hi s muscles, min d and every thing a bout him ) is conditioned to the new behav ior. His performance be­comes effortl ess. He has lea rned. The im­put packed neatly in his immensely complex storage area known as the brain enables his muscle hard ware to prod uce output to interact with a multitude of cond itions under which the hand and knee drop may be performed.

Some researchers, for exam ple Doman and Delaca to, believe tha t many of the simple behaviors lea rned as children have a tremendous affec t on lea rning. In their work with readin g retarda tion they have experimented with the sim ple act of crawl­ing in an effort to deve lop a strong side (la terali ty) . As a teacher of beg innin g tumbling you may have noticed that child­ren who do not have a strong or dominant side often encounter pro blems. If a child is right-handed , ri ght-foo ted and left eyed it is quite possible tha t learning a ski p step, 1,{ turn , cartwheel, a beginning agil­ity , will be somewhat retarded.

According to Dr. Woodruff, the human computer is capabfe of handling four kinds of mediating variables or stored mater ial s which can result in output or behavior. We have mentioned the most import ant ones . .. " conditioned instrumental acts" and "concepts." In Fig. 1 you will n ote that conceptual deve lopment follows the period of infant dependability and takes on a more important role in la ter years when the independent nature of man combi~d with a full y developed bra in expands, re­fin es and nurtures decisions about hi s uniq ue ideas about things.

Subordina te to these two are symbolic sounds and signs, our language and alpha-

bet, and da ta of a ll kinds. Regard ing the latter , Dr. Woodruff sugges ts that mu ch of a child's education has revo lved about a curr iculum which is "memorize and test" or ien ted. I n his words, " It is litera lly im­possi bl e fo r one person to transmit eithe r a percept or a concept to another person. Communica tion does not consist of trans­mission of meaning. It consists of the use of sym bols to provoke another person to recall a percep t or a concept he a lready has. T his is a criti ca l fact. Its violation in schools is probably the mos t s ignif icant fact unde rl ying the fa ilure of ed ucation to change behavior."

If changing behav ior is the business of ed ucation, then we in the fi eld , incl ud in g all of our gymnast ic speciali sts, should think about se tting reasona ble behav ioral obj ectives for our students. T he method for accomplishing thi s task I S outlined below.

SETTING BE H AVIORAL OBJ ECTIVES S tep One (Stat in g the Objecti ve)

A behaviora l obj ec ti ve acco rding to W oodruff is . . . "A ny visi ble acti vi ty dis­pl ayed by a learner." J n sta tin g the ob­jecti ve, verbs rather than nouns are dom in­ant. Therefore, we are not attempting to look for a habit , an attitude or a kn ow­ledge. HT o write," "to identify," "to con· s tru ct ," " to make" and indeed " to roll" are more appropri ate and more easily measured.

Woodru ff ca ll s our attention to three items a t thi s point.

1. Th e objecti ve sta tes exactly wha t the learner will be doing.

2. The objec ti ve desc ribes im port ant con­ditions surroundin g the behavior.

3. The obj ecti ve sta tes the lower limits of acceptab le pe rformance.

Le t's stat e a behavioral obj ecti ve for the forward roll.

The gy mnast will demonstrate a tucked forward roll in which hi s head will mak e little or no contact with the mat. H e will be able to s tart in a standing pos ition and fini sh in a standin g posit ion. In com­pletin g the roll he will s tand easily with­out stepping backward or without the use of his hands to provide a final push from the mat. During the balan ce of thi s d iscuss ion we

will refer back to thi s s ta tement. For con­venience the abbrevia tion F .R.O . is used. S tep Two (Inventory)

In thi s step we are to make an inventory of the component elements of the behavior. Dr. Woodruff sim plifies thi s process by asking four questions.

1. What will th e student have to under­stand in order to perform thi s act ? What concepts, if any are identifi able? The concept of rolling, albeit fairl y limited , could be the main conce pt. Transfer of weight is another and pos­sibly still a thi rd would be the conserva· ti on of angular momentum depending on the age level of the learner. Most children will have ideas about rolling before they enter school.

Fig. 1

2. What will th e student have to be able to do in order to perform th is act? This refers to behav iors tha t are necessary for the accomplishment of a forward roll. In gymnastics we think in terms of progress ion. A gymnastic progreso sion lead in g up to the performance of a specific movemen t would be any reo lated movement which is known to be easier than the target movement. Pro· gress ions for a forward roll can be found elsewhere. (M.G. 7·8/64, pp. 14· IS- Bud Beye r)

3. What vocabulary does the student need in connection wi th th is act? He will need to kn ow wha t "tuck" mean s (and feels like) for example. He will also have to kn ow what is meant by " for· ward roll. " Th e demonstration, cha rt , mov ie etc. may be used for this purpose .

4. What factual information does th e student ' need in order to perform this act ? S in ce the forward roll is basicall y a conditioned behav ior, no factual in · formati on is really needed unless the student is lea rning on his own and uses a text which describes a forward r oll.

Step Three (Sequencing) In gymnastics we might refer to this step

as one in wh ich we esta blish progress ions but Dr. Woodruff has more in mind than the relatively easy task of devising, practi· ca l progress ions for the cou ntless movement s of gymnast ics. He is asking us to define the concepts or the to tal stru cture of our specialty. In gymnastics we have locomotor or tumbling movements (our roll fit s here ), balances, kippin g movements, vau lts, swings, cas ts, fl exibili ty·dependent movements and strength·dependent movements. Wi thin each of these thematic categories there are a number of specific movements each of which may have progressive elements. In establishin g ca tegories of elements for any fie ld we de fine its limits and can begin to plan for learnin g experiences which wi ll lead our students to the conce ptual inter· pretation of those elements. In the F .I.G. Code of Points for men and women we find that a portion of any optional exercise is judged according to certain prin ciples of composition. When a learner has a concept of the structure of free exercise he is more apt to make intelligent decisions about his composition. He will include all of the elements and will emphasize certain ones according to his strengths which in turn carries the implica tion that he is aware of his weaknesses. We often see poor com· position resulting from lack of experience. This is why in many European countries compulsory exercises are devised by those who have a conceptual grasp of gymnastics and inexperienced children are not forced to do something for which they are not prepared.

Woodruff's fourth step can be added at thi s point since it also deals with sequenc· ing. He suggests the use of 3" x 5" cards for arranging the elements of a fi eld into some logica l order. This technique is com· monly used in the relatively new ed ucational fi eld of programmed instructi on. In the latt er each card is know an as fram e and each frame is designed in such a way that the student can successfully interact with the content. So called "t eaching machin es" use fram es which are designed this way. Step Four (Curriculum Design)

. At this point each behavioral objective is placed within the fram ework of a cur­riculum structure. Our forward roll ob· jecti ve is a minor portion of the curriculu m in gymnastics. In this section it seems appropr iate to note Woodruff's suggestion that all fi elds contain behavioral elemef.lt s which are basically of four types. 1. Identifying Things-e.g. objects, quali·

ti es, uses, processes. In gymnastics we migh t associate this item with judging. As a knowledgeable spectator we identify things. We also develop gym· nastic kinesthes is.

2. Carrying Ola Dilficult Patterns oj Do· ing- This is perhaps the mos t signifi­cant area for gymnastics as it would be in any of the subordinate areas of phy­cal education.

3. Performin g Small Operations With or Without Instrum ents or Equipm ent­Spottin g; the fin e movements assoc i­ated with a stylized interpreta tion of a com pulsory exercise.

4. Making Decisions About Som ething and Executing Th ose Decisions a. Choosing materia l req ui red for a pro-

duct b. P reparing materials for processing C. Processin g mat erials for production d. Equatin g material for processes for

substituti on is necessary In gymnastics decision making is almost

totally confin ed to the composition of original or optional exercises. It is the conceptual level of gymnasti cs. Perform­ance alone is a ma tter of conditionin g. The conceptual level is also identifiable in the ex perienced teacher of gymnast ics who must make decisions abou t methodology. Dr. Woodruff fini shed his Las Vegas

presentation with five points which he identifies as needed changes in education. S ince each of these could be the sub jec t of future articles I leave their interpreta­tion to you. 1. The teacher of the future will be more

and more a consultant and guide rather than simply a " talking book ."

2. Students must learn that they can learn on their own and don't always need a teacher or group. This may be one reasons why some educators are be· ginnin g to take a second look at the techniques of Maria Montessori. (Ref. Maria Montessori- Her Lije and Work by E. M. S tanding, Academy Guild Press, 1317 Van Ness Ave., Fresno, Cal. )

3. Educa tors of the future will aim for self-direc tion and attem pt to identify the learning rate or rhythm of their students.

4. Instructional material s should not large· ly consist of textbooks. We will live to see the intelligent use of medi a for learning. Certain media are highly touted even today but the fi eld of edu· cation has not changed rap idly enough to make use of the many innovat ive tools avai lable. For example, will video tape be used primarily . to make movies or will it be used on the spot to affec t behavioral changes?

5. F lexible grouping of students is a con· cept which will result in grea ter ef­fici ency in the use of staff as well as eff iciency in the learn ing process itself.

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19

RESEARCH AND FITNESS IN GYMNASTICS

BY JAMES S. Bosco, PH D

SAN JOSE STATE COLLEGE

SAN JOSE , CALIFORNIA 95114 This is the eighth in a series 0/ random topics. A second series of cinematographical analyses is being planned. Swdies using this methQd are presently being solicited. Send all articles, comments, questions and criti· cisms to th e above address . P UHL, J AC KIE, "Flexibility of Women and.

Effec ts of Specific Stati c Stretching Ex e r c i s e so n Flexilibity." Southern Illi­nois University, 1965 . 97 pp. M.S. in Education.

Flexibility, or the range of motion pos­sible in and around a joint, is one of the factors which affects performance in num­erous motor skills, especially gymnasti c skills. Observations of apparent differences in fl exibility in girls and women led to the investiga tion of poss ible differences between the " average" coll ege woman and women gymnasts, a group usually considered to be highly fl ex ible. Questions of which ranges of motion are most easily improved and how they can be improved when necessary for better performance led to the inves ti· gation of the effect of specific exercises on selected ranges of motion.

20

TABLE I COEFFICIENTS OF RELIAB ILITY OF EACH

MEASUREMENT BASED ON TWO APPLICAT IONS OF THE MEASUREMENT

PROCEDURE Range of Motion r Ri ght Shoulder Flex ion .144 Right Shoulder Ex tensi on .646 Left Shoulder Flexion .539 Left Shoulder Ex tension .793' Trunk Flex ion - Ex tensio n .911 '* Trunk Lateral Flex ion .808' Right Hip Abduction .85 ' Left Hip Abduction .777 ' '*Ranges of m otion designated as hav ing accept ab le reliabi l ity f or reasons explained in thi s study.

Purpose The purposes of this s tudy were (1 ) to

investigate possible differences in ranges of motion between coll ege women and women gymnasts and (2 ) to in vesti gate possibl e effects of sta ti c stretchin g exercises on the fl exibility of college women in cert ain ranges of motion. Procedure

A Leighton Flexometer was used to take eight selected measurements of fl exibility of forty-two college women and seven women gymnasts during the winter quarter , 1965, a t Southern Illinois Uni versity. The women gymnasts were members of the Southern Illinois Women's Gymnastic T eam . The col­lege women were members of two Basic Body Movement classes at Southern Illin ois University.

The eight ranges of motion selected for study were right shoulder fl ex ion, left shoulder fl exion, right shoulder extension, left shoulder extension, trunk lateral fl ex­ion, trunk fl exion·extension, right hip ab­duction, and left hip abduction. They were selected because they seemed to be a part of many motor skills.

The first phase of the study was an in­vestigation of possibl e differences in the eight ranges of motion in general college women and women gymn asts. S tudent " t" for small independent samples was used to ascertain the level of signi ficance of the differences.

The second part of the study was an in­vestigation of possible developmen t of fl exi­bility in certa in body areas by using static stretching exercises. F or four weeks, one Basic Body Movement class was given spe­cial fl exibility exercises in addition to regu­lar class acti vities. The exercises were selected to affect the ranges of motion being measured. The control class did only their regular cl ass acti vity. Ranges of motion were measured before and after the experi ­mental period . For each measurement , sub­jec ts in the cont rol class were paired with subjects in the experimental cl ass on the bas is of the pre-tests of fl ex ibility. After the groups were paired, differences between the changes found for each group were treated stati sti cally. Student " t" for rela ted · groups was applied to indicate the level of significance at which the differences of the changes could be accepted. Measurement Procedure

Each measurement was taken twice in success ion. If the two consecutive measure­ments varied by fi ve degree·s or less, the higher of the two measurements was re­corded. If a variation of more than five degrees occurred, the two measurements were elimina ted and the procedure was

repeated. If there was continuous di sagree­ment, the movement was temporaril y dropped and remeasured la ter.

In each measurement , an att empt was made to stab ili ze the body parts not needed in a tt a inin g the pos ition des ired and which might influ ence the range of motion being measured . Each pos ition was held at maxi· mum ex tent by the subj ect for approxi m­ately two seconds. After the position had been held , the body part being used was held in place a t that position by the oper· a tor until the pointer on the Flexometer was stationary and locked. This was done to avo id movement and muscle cramp.

Reliab ility of each measurement was de­termined by using the tes t-retest method on eight r anges of motion on ten subj ects, totalling 80 measurements each ti me.

Because each measurement was taken twice until the two consecuti ve measure­ments were within fi ve degrees, reli abilit y was acce pted at .75 . The level of signifi ­cance accep ted was the 5 per cent level. Discussion

Hi ghly reli able measurement of f1 exili?ity is diffi cult to attain . There arc vanous methods of measuring range of moti on. Even within a given method or test, r eliability is usuall y not high. The many fa ctors in­flu encing fl ex ibility add to making reli abl e and va lid measurement diffi cult to a tt ain.

Strength is a fac tor invol ved in perform­ing the movements. However, in thi s study, it was dec ided to have the subjec ts perform the movemen ts act ively rather than pass­ive ly, since motor skill s are primarily ac tive, not passive, body movements. Thus, strength may have affected performance.

Procedures and methods for takin g th e measurements in thi s study involve the force of grav ity actin g upon body segments. In hip abduction and shoulder extension, th e movements were aga inst gravity, whil e th e r em a inin g 111Dvem ents were taken with the aid of grav ity. Results

Table T shows that fi ve of the ranges of motion measured had accept able reliabilit y.

A compari son of the gymnasts and the college women is shown in Tabl e II. The following result s were obtained. Three of the ranges of motion measured showed dif­ferences in fa vor of the gymnasts which were significant above the 1 per cent level. These ran ges of motion were trunk f1 exion­extension, right hip abduction, and left hip abducti on. All three measurements had acceptabl e relia bility. (See Table I)

In no movements did the college women show a significant difference over the women gymn as ts.

A comparison of the e~ perim e ntal and the

TABLE 2

MEANS OF RANGES OF MOTION IN GYMNASTICS AND COLLEGE WOMEN

Range of Motion Right Shoulder Flex ion Right Shoulder Ex tension Left Shoulder Flex ion Left Shoulder Ex tension Trunk Flexion-E x tension Trunk Lateral Flex ion Right Hip A bduction Left Hip Abdu cti on

"t"

i+ : ~~~

1.014 .345

4.562 - 1.257 + 2.789 + 3.577

Degrees of

TABLE 3

Freedom 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47

Significance Gymnasts College

(N = 7j Women (N = 42j

50%+ 40%+ 40%+ 80%+

1%+

1%+ 1%+

30%

CHANGES IN RANGE OF MOTION OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS

Control Experimental Level of No. of Pairs Mean Mean Degrees of Significance

Range of Motion of Subjects Change Change Difference lit" Freedom Control Exper'm R. Shoulder Flex. 20 2.0 2 .55 .55 .25 23 19 80 % R. Shoulder Ex t. 20 .15 .35 - 1.0 .2985 19 80 % L. Shou lder Flex. 15 5 .86 3 .0 - 2.86 1.606 14 20 % L. Shoulder Ex t . 16 1.81 7 .06 8 .88 2.55 2 15 5 % Trunk Flex. -Ex t . 14 - .07 16.5 16.43 3.611 13 1% Trunk Lateral Flex. 18 1.94 1.0 2.39 1.343 17 20 % R. Hip Abdu ction 19 2.26 3.47 1.21 .6914 18 50% L. Hip Abduction 20 . 15 4 .20 4.90 3 .769 19 1%

control group is shown in Table lIT. The experi men tal group had a significant im ­provement over the cont rol group in three of the eight movements measu red . These were trunk fl ex ion-extension, left hip ab­ducti on, and left shoulder extension. Al!ain, Table I shows the coeffi cient s of reli abi lity to be acceptable for all three measurement s. The differences between the two groups in trunk flexion-ex tension and left hi p abduc­tion were both sil!nifi cant above the 1 per cent level. The difference in lef t shoulder extension was significan t at the 5 per cent level.

In no movement did the control grou p show a change with a significant difference over the experimental group.

Trunk flexion·extension and left hip ab­duction showed significant differences in bo th aspects of the study. In both measure­ments, the differences were in favor of the gymnasts over the college women and of the experimental group over the control group. Conclusions

Based on the results of thi s stud y, the foll owing conclusions were made: 1. The activity engaged in by the gymnasts

requires the performer to possess or to develop fl exi bility significantly grea ter than that of the college women subjects in three specific ranges of motion. These were trunk fl exion-extension, right hi p abd uction, and left hip abduc tion. Sig­nificantly greater fl exi libity of the gym­nasts was not required in right a nd left shoulder fl exion, right and left shoulder ex tension and trunk la teral fl exi on.

2. The stati c stretchin g exercises used in the study were effecti ve in deve lop in l! som.e ranges of motion bu t not effecti ve in developing others. The effective exer­cises were those involving trunk fl ex ion­ex tension, left shoulder ext ens ion, and left hip abduction. The other stati c stre tchin g exercises used were not effect­ive in developin g ran ges of motion for the areas for which they were designed .

3. The ran ges of mot ion of trunk fl ex ion­extension and left hip abduction were more easily developed and could be de­veloped to a higher degree than the other ranges of motion measured in this study.

B y Don Tonry

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BACKW ARD SO 1ERSAULT DISMOUNT 1-3. Obta in large swing. Fl ex hips as body

passes verti cal and pull forcefully with arms.

4-7. Extend hips slightly as body passes between rings_ Release rings, straighten body and ex tend arms sideward. Raise head slightly in order to see the land­in g area before landing.

_ ...

BACKWARD SOMERSAULT Ih TWIST DISMOUNT

Obtain large swing. Flex hips as body passes vertical and pull forcefully with arms. Extend hips slightly as body passes between the rings. Release rings, turn head and shoulders in direction of twist. Extend arms side­ward when twist is completed and look for landing area . This skill should not be attempted until the straight body backward somersault has been mastered.

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21

THE "FLIP-KIP"- A NEW "e" MOVE ON THE

PARALLEL BARS? By Phil Schneider

Gym Coach-A. Lincoln High School, Phila. One of the many fa scinatin g appea ls of

appara tus work is the grea t opportunity it affords fo r the exercise of crea ti ve imagin· ation. Many an hour has been whiled away in fanc iful daydreams (usually before drop· ping off to slee p) performing all kinds of impossible ro utines, unusual comb ina tions and original moves ! Weare not too shocked, however, when the next day these dreams do not materialize.

Occasionally, however, somethin g works out on the fl oor and when it does, we ex-

LET'S TEACH ROUTINES PARALLEL BARS

By Dr. William Vincent Gymnastic Coach

San Fernando Valley State College

NOTE: This is the third in a series of arti­cles designed to help teacher in the secon.dary schools organize their gymnastics curriculum to include simple routines rather than unre­lated skills .

Almost every junior and senior high school has a set of parallel bars. It is prob­ably the most common piece of apparatus in the gym. Parallel bars are normally used for performin g dips, still arm hand walks, and simpl e dismounts, with little emphasis on continuity of movement from one skill t{) another. Like the other articles

22

perience the sa tisfaction of inventi on. We achieved such a moment in June

('66 ) after several months of post-season practice and experiment at Lincoln High. We called it the "Fli p·Kip" and believe it to be an important addition to the stable of tri cks for the Parallel Bars.

It consists, briefl y, of a drop forward through the bars from a sup port at the end of the rearward swing, switchin g the grip and cat chin g the bars from benea th , foll owed by immedia te kip to support. The switch-grip in volves ca tching the bars with hyper-pronation of the hands and is a little tri cky but not as dangerous as it would appea r. We first had to develop confidence in the grip and then the problem was to avoid too much revolution , thereby pass ing through the kip position too soon. We

in this series, this essay is designed to assist the novice or uninformed teacher formulate a simple routine consisting mainly of stunts that he probably already teaches. Such a ro utine more closely resembles the proper concept of gymnastics, that is, the perform­ance of a series of exercises in a smooth, we ll·coordinated, flowing sequence demon­strating both physical ability and arti stic value.

It was mentioned in the fi rs t article in this series that several textbooks are fol· lowing this trend in teaching routines. The reader is referred to the second edition of Comple te Book of Gymnastics by Loken and Willoughby (Prentice Hall) which contains some suggested routines at the conclusion of each chapter.

It may also be va luable to the reader to know that a 12-minute film on elementary parallel bars, called Parallel Bars, Begin­ning Exercises, is available from Associated

found that by sta rting from an "L" support we could catch in good position but we had trouble with lack of swing with which to kip.

One of the boys, Mark Clapp, continued on this line while the other, Bart Clare, worked from a small swin g. The first com­pletions were rough but exciting, because we could see the possibilities. There were other complications and refin ements, too numerous to mention here, but time and practice brought results. The " Flip-Kip" is a beautiful free-swinging move which can be don e with . style and form , as the sequence pictures shown here illustrat e. The additional element of risk involved in the grip-switch does, I believe, justify "C" diffi culty rating. What do you think ?

Film S tudios, 3419 W. Magnolia Blvd., Bur­bank, California. This film , with tips for teaching and spotting all skills, contains the routine suggested in this essay.

When beginners perform on parallel bars, they usually find it more comfortable to have the bars adjusted fairly close together. Later, for more advanced skill s, a wider adj ustment may be desired, but as a start, the width of the bars should correspond to the distance between the elbow and sec­ond knuckle of the little fin ger. This allows the hips to 'swing freely , but still provides a strai ght up and down position of the arms. Set the bars high enough to allow the fee t to easily reach the mat when per­formin g an upper arm hang.

Before attempting any of the skill s sug­ges ted later in this article, the students should practice swinging between the bars in a cross support position. This basic swing should be similar to the pendulum of

a clock and originate from the shoulders, not the hips. As the legs swin g forward , the arm s and shoulders will naturally lean back, and, as the legs and body swing back· ward , the arms will lean forward. Thi s helps balan ce the body during th e swin g. A smooth, relaxed swing, with the fee t ri sin g at least as high as the bars on both ends of the swing, is the des ired action. A ft er a few tries at the basic swing, students should begin work on the several skill s t~at will later be int egrated int o their routine. Foll owin g is a list of these skill s in a sug· gested teaching order.

Straddle travel: This is an easy method of traveling alon g the bar and is initiated by straddling the legs over the bars in front of the body. The hands then release and regrasp in front of the legs, after which the legs come together without bend· ing at the kn ees to continue their forward swin g. Tt may be performed in a continuous action along the length of the bars.

Front Dismount : From a cross support position, while performing the basic swing, the performer lifts his legs up and over the right bar on one bf the rear swin gs. As the legs swing over bar, he releases hi s left hand, and regrasps the right bar. The left hand remains on this bar for support and stability during landing. The skill could. of course be performed in the opposit direc· tion.

Rear Uprise, or Rear Swing Rise: From a cross support position, while hanging by upper arms and grasping the bars a com· fortable distance in front of his shoulder (elbows bent at about 90 degrees), the performer again executes the basic swin g. On one of the rear swings, he shifts his weight forward over his hands and off the upper arms, simultaneously executin g a push up to straight arm cross support. The swin g is then continued forward in a straight ann position . When executing this skill, many students will shift their hands backward rather than shift ing their body weight for· ward and over the hands. Handshifts should be discouraged since they are not as flu ent in their motion, and they usually r esult in a still upper position with no swing. Teach· ers would look for this when evaluating the ability of the individual.

Shoulder or Upper Arm Stand: This is a balance move similar to a head stand, and should probably be preceded by instruction

in tumbling and head stands. Since the upper arm stand contains four points of support (both hands and both arms) it is easier to perform than the head stand which has only three points of support. From a straight arm cross support , the student hooks his toes and knees over the bars in the rear and without releasing his gri p, lowers his upper arms to the bars. The arms should contact the bars six to twelve inches in front of the hands, while the hands grasp the bars from the outside with thumbs on top and fingers underneath. From this position, the feet walk forward raising the hips direc tly over the base of support formed by the two hands and two arms. On ce this is accomplished, the legs and feet can be raised overhead and straightened out. The back should maintain a slight arch, whi le the eyes are focused on the mat below.

Roll forward from upper arm stand: Stud ents may come down from the arm stand in the exact opposite manner in which they got up , but they should al so learn to roll forward to an upper arm hang. The roll is started by tucking the head to th c ches t, and bending the hips slightly. The hands then release the bar and quickly reo grasp in front of the arms. Care should be taken to move the arms laterally during the regrasp, and not through a verticle plane. This will eliminate the possibility of slip· pin g through the bars. Once the performer has regrasped the bar, he should continue his backward swing in preparation for the rear uprise.

Single leg turn: This skill provides a simple method of turning around between the bars and allows the performer to con­tinue his routine in the opposite direction. Again, from the straight arm cross support swing, the performer swings his right leg over the left bar on one of the forward swings, placing his crotch on the bar as close to his left hand as possible. The right hand then releases the right bar and re­grasps the left bar directly behind the body. The performer has now completed a 180 degree turn and is sitting in a straddle position on the left bar. From this position, he moves his left hand to the right bar and swings his right leg over the left bar into the middle. The legs come together in front of the body and swing backward to complete the action. With practice, this

skill can be performed in a smooth con­tinuous action without sittin g on the bar. It may also be execut ed in reverse, turnin g around the other bar.

After these skill s have been mastered , they may be put toge ther in the foll owin g order to constitute a smooth flowing rou­tine. (See pictures. ) From a cross stand frontward , jump to cross support , and straddle travel to center of bars. Place feet or bars behind body and press to shoulde r stand , (hold for three seconds) ; roll for ­ward to upper arm hang; rea r uprise to cross support ; single leg turn , and front dismount to cross stand .

Such a routine is relatively simple and suitable for junior and senior high school. It is easy to spot by both instructors and other students and is within the range of poss ibility of almost all of the students. Teachers should use it to evaluate the abil­ity of their students since the better ones wi ll be able to perform it with ease and grace, while others will barely be able to get through, and may need some spots along the way. The grade should reflect not only the ability to perform all the skills, but the manner in which they are executed. It is easily adaptable to the more talented students by substituting a jump to upper arm hang and front uprise for the jump to cross support, a swing to shoulder stand for the press to shoulder stand, and a front dismount with % twist for the front dis­mount. The film previously mentioned dem­onstrates these alternatives and others very clearly.

This routine, and others that the reader will find in various textbooks and articles, is only a suggestion. Teachers are encour­aged to invent their own routines to fit the abilities of their classes since it is not the individual skills that are important , but the fact that the students are working toward an exercise that is more consistent with the manner in which gymnastics was meant to be performed. Form, grace and ease of action represent 500/0 of the score in evaluat ion of gymnastics while difficulty is valued at only 340/0 . The remaining 16% is called combination. Teach your students to be smooth, graceful and artistic and you will be providing them with the real bas is of gymnastics. Watch this column for future routines on horizontal bar, rings and tram­poline.

23

Canadian Report continued from page 8 L. 12 U.S.A. Junior Girls Division: (I) Linda Tomasek Fuegner, L.1. A .S.O.; (2) Cecilia Manis­caico, L. 12w USA; (3) Florence Smith, L. 12w USA. Junior Girls Low Division A: ( I) Margaret Vanderpool, L. 15w USA; (2) Barbara Kelnik Fuegner, L.1. ASO; (3) Virginia Oake, Toronto Sokol. Junior Girls Low B: (I) Barbara Kavicky L. I USA; (2) Denise Borracci, L. I USA; (3) Jennifer Sawiak, Toronto Sokol.

Men Junior Boys Low Division: ( I ) Eric Zengota,

Hodza USA; (2) Raymond Devenney, Hodza USA; (3) Steven Barron, Bethlehem USA. Junior Boys Intermediate: (I) David Hunter, Toronto Sokol, (2) Mal Parker, Belcamp ASO; (3) Ron­nie Anderson, Belcamp ASO. Mens Low Division: (1) Jim Hale, Toronto Sokol; (2) Jack Milchar­owski, Binghamton USA; (3) George Dana, New York USA. Mens Intermediate Division: (I) Tony Williams, Binghamton USA; (2) Tom Forest, Toronta Sokol; (3) Dan McDonald, Montreal

By Jess Robinson

There's good news for trampoline en ­thusiasts. At their August meeting the N.C.A.A. Executive Committee acted on the the Rules Committee's suggestion and re­instated trampoline as an event in com­petitive gymnastics.

If we could cite anyone individual re­sponsible for their reversal of opinion it would be Norman (Dick) Holzaepfel, rules committee member from Iowa whose job it was to carry before the Executive Commit­tee the fight to keep trampoline. His pres­entation had to be excellent since he was talking to seven college representatives, only two of which have gymnastic teams, and one of those was opposed to the event.

But there is a somber note for jubilant trampolinists-this is only a battle won and not the war. Even now the Executive Com­mittee member who is against trampolining is polling athletic directors, asking their opinion of the event. Purpose of the poll is not yet clear, but it is doubtful that it is for promotion and good will of trampo­linists.

The hope is that trampoline will eventu­ally replace Long Horse as an Olympic Event and will then be left alone. We men­tioned this in an editorial and found there were some who felt we were dreaming. But let's examine this idea. A few years back West Germany moved to drop the Long Horse event in favor of the "Gym Wheel", a European event. The move was defeated but it did show that other countries are not all that keen about Long Horse.

Of the six Olympic events, fi ve are rou­tines of eleven moves. Only the Long Horse is different. Why then , when trampolining becomes a little more popular in foreign countries, wouldn't it replace Long Horse since it is basically the same-the position and height of the body in the air after a jump (or series of jumps in the case of trampolining). Then all six even ts would have eleven move routines.

We wish to thank the many people who wrote in protesting the (temporary) drop-

24

Sokol. Mens High Division: (I) Richard Kihn, Toronto Sokol; (2) Kurt Eggerschwiller, Toronto Sakal; (3) Mike Bazar, Toronto Soko l.

A total of 128 competitors took part in the Slet .

Conditioning for Competition by Dick Wolf

My wife and I have just returned from a three month tour of Europe. When we left in June, I gave Glenn what I considered to be enough material to keep him busy until our return. He fooled me and caught up.

This month's exercise is an easy one in­itially. Put together the last issues of MG

ping of the trampoline event. We were overwhelmed by the . response

considering the move was made during summer vacation. We cannot list everyone who wrote but we have picked half a dozen of the letters which were representa­tive of the lot and will quote portions of them:

DENNIS PAOLETTI-STATE COLLEGE, PA.- As a four·year competitor on the Penn State gymnastic team, I would attest to the trampoline as being an extremely use/ul event. I never competed on the trampoline but used it to improve my kines­thetic sense as well (i/ not more important) to "break-up" the daily apparatus work· outs.

I never was a true trampoline fan for there are very lew real trampolinists around. But through the years, I feel it is worth all it takes to see the "real" trampolinists per/arm. To see S chmidt, Millman and Mil­ler is pure poetry in motion.

From what I've witnessed, the trampoline has been the major drawing card for gym­nastics in the United States.

In 1965 we (Penn Statte) won the N.C.A.A. championships (without real tram­polinists). In 1966 we lost the N.C.A.A.­mainly because we had no trampolinists. So what!! That's the breaks 0/ the game.

A. J. HARDT- SKOKIE, ILL. - The committees responsible for these elimina· tions certainly are not taking the spectator into consideration. You do not have to be a gymnast and know each move to enjoy watching a trampolinist.

After the meeting held at the NCAA meet in Carbondale, last April, I had an oppor­tunity to talk with. several 0/ the high school coaches. Why weren't they ap· proached as to their opinions in this matter? After all, they spend four years getting these boys ready so that the colleges get the "cream 0/ the crop" gymnasts.

CECIL C. WOODRUFF - WARRENS­BURG, MO.- Maybe we should eliminate High bar-it's much more dan{{erous, or maybe eliminate side horse or long horse vaulting because they don't have crowd appeal.

It seems to me that our job is to BUILD !!ymnastics in the United States, not TEAR IT DOWN.

ROBERT J. MRAVETZ - OXFORD, OHIO- I feel that the action taken by the coach's desiring this to be done was entirely out 0/ order, and further that it is not representative of the feeling 0/ the major­ity.

We would in fact be regressing, i/ we exclude this event in N.C.A.A. competition, just to meet the personal ambition 0/ a very few!

LARRY M. ANDERSON- HONOLULU, HAWAII-The report 0/ N.C.A.A. dropping Trampoline from competition leaves me s·tunned and probably incoherent.

Gymnastics is at a low level in Hawaii,

beginning with October,1966. Select those appropriate to your individual needs and work them as a circuit.

Next issue will cover running for the gymnast with several methods of using run­ning to get in gymnastic condition.

Until then I hope you had a meaningful summer and that , as I, You are eager to get back into the gymnastic swing of things.

Let's Go All-Around Art Shurlock has also taken so me time off

from his LET'S GO ALL-AROUND se ries , but he promises to have a photo instruction article ready for the next MG edition.

so many of our students turn to diving. 1/ the N.C.A.A. succeeds in killing o/f

interest in trampolining, diving will take a dive here, there and eventually in the Olympics.

Perhaps it would be saner to drop some committee members than to drop some activities.

Yours for more help where it is needed, AT THE TOP.

JACK C. BONHA J'vr- HONOLULU, HA­WAII- I actually introduced the sport of trampolining into New Zealand and my eldest son still manufactures a full line of gymnastic equipment there.

I am Assistant to the Athletic Director here at the University 0/ Hawaii but I am writing this as a private citizen interested in all sports.

Th e reasons for the action taken by the N.C.A.A . Exewtive Committee which you suggest in your article are probably correct, but the aspect which worries me more is the fact that the elimination 0/ this event con/licts with the philosophy to which a great number 0/ sports educators give lip service .

Part of this philosophy is that we should be teaching sports skills which can be of recreational value in after life. As far as I know, trampolining is the only form of acro­batics which can be engaged in at any age. I am 59 years old and still like to bounce.

JERRY LUSCHAK- BALTIMORE, MD. - This is yet another immature display 0/ hanky-panky in the 3truggle for g),mnastic supremacy in OLLr colleges . From my stand­point as a coach, former competitor and spectator I can only add my personal re­action to such a move- a feeling 0/ great disappointment .

B. H. SNAPP- DENVER, COLO.- I have been associated with college athletics for 35 years; as a participant, a coach and 30 years as a college football official. It has been my observation, and I am thoroughly convinced, that athletics collegiate in par­tiwlar, are all excellent character builders for either the first team player or the lowest substitute on the second, third or fourth teams. Ever), participant comes OLLt a better person and a better citizen-the degree de­pends on the individual himselj'. I mention the above for I feel stron{{ly that any move by either coaches or athletic directors to limit the number of participants in any sport is in the wrong direction.

As a spectator 0/ the sport 0/ gymnastics, I have become an ardent gymnastics ian, both high school and college and as a pay­ing spectator, the elimination of the tram­poline event removes one of the most, if not the most, spectacular and popular event on the floor from the spectator view point. It has been di//icLLlt for gymnastics to pay its own way as a sport but th.e elimination 0/ this spectawlar and popular event will accomplish nothing and can set gymnastics back at least five years from the spectator standpoint.

GYMNASTIC CONTROVERSY

LET'S BALANCE UP ­DIFFICULTY X EXECUTION By Lyle Welser, Georgia Tech.

"We were shafted" is a common expres· sion in the gymnastic world. Our man had three or four C moves and theirs had none, yet he was given a higher score. What crooks! - Sound familiar?

Our present scoring system of gymnastics persists in allowing one C move at .6, four B moves at .4, and six A moves at .2 as the perfect exercise. Be that as it may, there are still plenty of folks who think if a cornpetitor can demonstrate more than one C move with the same finesse as the man with one, he is a better gymnast and he should be given credit. The upshot of all this is that we are not rating difficulty highly enough. While it is true we do not want to sacrifice aesthetics for difficulty , it could be a little better balanced, re·weight· ing the scores a little more for difficulty, yet retaining our 50·50 balance. This would increase the range of variance and improve our chances of more accurately choosing the rightful champion.

At present the practice is to be a little more tolerant in penalties for the more difficult or risky moves; but here again there are no clear cut methods and we are in a state of confusion mixing difficulty up with aesthetics. Surely difficulty is diffi· culty and aesthetics is aesthetics and the two must be though of as separate entities and graded as such. Who can say how diffi· cult and how much the penalty in the present case?

Now if we better rate difficulty, allowing as many as four C moves (draw the num· er of C moves as standardized for best bal· ance) , we might have this kind of a combination. Other combinations are pos· sible.

Four A Four B Four C

moves @ moves @ moves @

.4 = 1.6

. 6 =2.4 1. = 4.0

8.0 Total points Then compositIOn (required coverage)

could be 2 points, which could be added to the difficulty score by the difficulty judge, thus totaling 10 points. This total would then be 10 points for difficulty and composi· tion.

Since good form would seem to be harder to achieve for the more difficult moves (example-our present penalty leniency for the more difficult) we could balance this out by cross multiplying difficulty by exe· cution, thus 10 (difficulty) X 10 (execu­tion) = 100 points. A slide rule or a multi­plication table for quick reference would make for speedy results, example:

Ii. EXECUTION-Graduated in Tenths E 10 9 8 7 6 5 0 u 10 100 90 80 70 60 50 etc. 0/1 9 81

8 64 ~ 7 etc. 49 etc.

Q 6 36

The scores then would take on a wider spread; something we've needed for a long time. It has always been difficult for the writer to justify such a small variance of 100th of a point difference in performances where positions on the most important

Olympic Team are meted out. Greater dif­ferentation is needed.

The S.I.G.L. system of specialization of judges has proven meritous and to facilitate the above, two judges could independently judge difficulty and composition and the scores averaged. If a performer had no diffi­culty, say, twelve A's @ .4 and yet perfect execution, the most he could rate would be .4 X 12 = 4.8 plus 2 for composition = 6.8. By the same token, if a performer had much difficulty , say the total was 8 plus 2 (comp.) = 10, but his execution was far below good standards. The best score he would get would be 10 X 2 or 3 or 4 = 20 to 40 total score. Here's generally how it would work.

Execution High Difficulty X Poor Execution:= Low score Low Difficulty X High Execution - Low score High Difficulty X High Execution = High score

So difficulty alone would not result in a high score, anymore than good execution alone would .

The ratings of A, B, and C moves at present are always more or less a debatable issue, so difficulty specialists are needed. These folks have a Herculean task and should not have to clutter their minds with minor deductions for execution. Those with the artistic approach could well be special· ists on aesthetics which would be execution in toto. In our system, we call these folks "executioners". Multiplication could be by a clerk on the floor who raises the final score or at the scoring table. While we never have published the merits of the specialization of judges system, they are as follows:

1. No need for consultation, except as a new or unclassified stunt makes its appear­ance and there is a need to give the new skill a rating.

2. As many judges as could be afforded or desired would be possible. 1, 2 or more for each, difficulty and execution. All scores for difficulty could be averaged as those for execution, regardless of number before multiplying.

3. Gives wider spread of scores. 4. Two execution judges at different

angles would be possible-more judges, if desired, could be added where important championships are involved.

5. Accuracy and reliability would seem to be enhanced, the much desired product.

Kenneth W. Hollis

Ii you have "Y-NEWS" that should be in the MG ... Send it direct to Kenneth W. Hollis, 3881 W. 25, Cleveland, Ohio, 44109.

"Y-NEWS"

1967 National YMCA Championships

by William Buffa Chairman, National YMCA

Gymnastic Committee National YMCA All-Around Champion

Marc Cohn successfully defended his All­Around title and four individual titles and led his Germantown YMCA Team to their eighth team championship title at the New Britain "Y" in Connecticut last April 8th. The Germantown team finished more than sixty-five points ahead of the second place West Side YMCA team. Third place in the team standings went to the New Orleans YMCA.

The caliber of work performed was in general very good and in many instances excellent. Some highlights of the competi­tion were: Dave Jacobs' beautifully exe­cuted "Yamashita"-piked front handspring from the croup-on the long horse which the judges rated at 9.2; Marc Cohn's almost flawless routine on the horizontal bar which earned him 9.1 points and moved him into first place in that event; Ed Vana's sensa­tional tumbling in his free exercise routine consisting, in parts, of full twisting back somersault into back handspring then a ful! layout back somersault, and later, a running gainer into an immediate front handspring-which led some to wonder why he didn't enter the tumbling event; John Pesha's ~ooth routines appreciated by all whJ) remembered that this fine performer -lias won so, many National "Y" titles since .his first one twelve years ago.

The third Women's National YMCA Gymnastic Championships marked the third time that the Seattle YMCA team has won the team title. These charming young ladies, led by Miss Lonna Woodward who won the balance beam title, performed excep­tionally well and were so consistently in the runner-up category that they accumulated the winning points by a good margin. Miss Margie Sims, of Chevy Chase, Maryland, won the All-Around, Free Exercise and Side Horse Vaulting events to become the top YMCA Women's Gymnastic Champion.

In general the work performed was ex­ceptionally good and on a level which one should expect for a national Championship competition. There were more than twice as many YMCAs represented than in the previ­ous two Championships combined. We look forward to seeing all of these young ladies and more in our future Championships.

Continued on page 29

25

COLORADO HIGH SCHOOL STATE GYMNASTICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

AURORA CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL MAY 20, 1967

By Terry Truman Host Aurora Central High School

emerged victor ious in the Colorado State Gymnastics Championships of 1967. A capacity crowd watched as the Trojans of Aurora piled up 105 points to easily outdistance Fairv iew and Abraham Lincoln of Denver, who tied for second with 69.0 points each.

Aurora had o n ly one individual champio'l) , M ike Dyas whose spark­ling horizontal bar' performance ended with a rock-sol id double flyaway, and a score of 8.60.

Lincoln 's Ed Ramos was out­standing as he edged Aurora's Bob Rayor in Floor Exercise and won trampoline with a b"';utiful 9 .0 rout ine. Romos also won the tumbling event as his form and continuity overshadowed the ex­tremely difficult routines of West High 's Lorry Sisneros and Rich Close. Close u~ed a double bock somersault in his final routine and Sisneros worked through front~ and alternates to a double twisting bock samie.

Rich Bivins and Rich Tew of Colorado Springs' Palmer High won titles in side horse and long horse respectively, while Bob Tracy of John Kennedy H igh combined a fine rout ine o f streng th , swing, and double flyaway to win the still rings competition .

As a going away gift for Coach Don Robinson who was leaving for Eastern New Mexico University to coach the team and get h is Mas­ter's, Aurora 's victory ended a two-year reign by Art White's Fairview team.

Fairview's Tim Larson won the all-around with a 43.95 score while teammate Ken Macauly finished second and won the parallel bars.

Coco-Colo Botti ing Com pan y again mode three presentations fo~ outstanding contribution to Colo­rado gymnastics. Doug DeWitt, coach at the University of Denver,

MODERN GYMNAST OPEN

and Don Robinson, Coach of the Year in 1966, were presented with plaques, and Coach Ben Coleman of West High was elected coach of the Year for 1967.

The pomp with which the meet was presented t o the pub l ic classed itself with any professional Euro­pean meet. A live bond, spot I ights, team cords, flags and marching were all part of the ceremony_

Gymnastics in Colorado is grow­ing at a tremendous rote, as each year the number of college coaches in attendance increases, and the performances become more diffi­cult and pol ished. These 1967 graduates are certain t o be seen in the college meets of the future.

Results Team Standings: Aurora Central

(AC), tie between Fairview (F) and Abraham Lincoln (AL). West (W) , Ranum (R). Palmer (P). Kennedy (K), Hinkley (H). South (S). East (E). AA: Tim Lorson (F), Ken Ma­cauley (F) , FX: Ed Ramos (AL). Bob Rayor (AC). Dana Shellv (R) . SH : Steve Eivins (P). Dick Tinsley (AC). Terry Flot (AL) . HB : Mike Dyas (AC), T im McCloskey (K). Dennis Bailey (Wash) . LH: Rich Tew (P). Ramos, Lorson. PB : Ma­cauley, Terry Smith (R). Tew. R: Bob Tracey (K). Pot Kiernan (H) ,

Dove Mawhorter (AC) . Tr: Ramos, Jim Royce (AC). Rich Close (W). Tu: Ramos, Close, larry Sisneros (W).

LOS ANGELES CITY MUNICIPAL GAMES GYMNASTIC MEET

AUGUST 19, 1967 by Jack Beckner

Gymnastic Chairman Municipal Games

Patterned after the internationa l Olympics, the Municipal Gomes are sponsored by the Los A ngeles Rec­reation and Parks Deportment f or L.A. residents on ly. In addition t o g ymnastics this Second Games fea­tured competition i n archery , equestrionship, canoeing, fencing , judo, cycling, soiling, diving, speed skating , soccer, wrestling , track and field (girls only). surfing , water po lo, weightlifting , and volleyball. Over 700 took port , including ap­prox imately 80 in the four divisions (levels) of gymnastic compet ition.

Mr. Wm. Frederickson, Jr ., Gen­eral Manager and Mr. Ross A. Cun­ningham, Supt. Recreation, offer this challenge to other cities in the US to join in promoting all sports: " The City of Los Angeles hopes mariy U.S. cities will establish Municipal Gomes programs. It was from widespread local and munici-

pol games in Greece that the an­cient Olympic Gomes emerged. In the pattern of this fine example, o vast increase in participation in many sports throughout our notio n can be achieved. Thi s wi ll inevit­ably lead to a higher level of excellence by U.S. athletes in inter­national compet ition." Results:

Men: Novice: FX Les White, SH Leon Jackson, PB Peter Poulson, HB James Bowel, LH Poulson, R Poul son, AA Poul son. Junior Boys : FX Michael Folb, SH Robert Bar­tell , PB tie Folb and Bartell , LH Folb, R Bartell , AA Folb. Senior Boys : FX Rich Sulk, SH leonard luskin, PB Bill Cushman, HB Cush­man, LH Sulk... R William Hole, AA Sulk. Men's vpen : FX Dorrell De­Pue, SH Joel Tepp , PB Steve Hug, HB Norm Haynie, LH Leon Mims, Jr., R Robert Hughes, AA Hug.

Women, Novice : FX Jani lee Mil­ler, B Lauro VanLeeuwen, UPB Vanleeuwen, SHY Lourie Gault , AA VanLeeuwen. Junior Girls : FX Chris Nelson, B Martha Terango, UPB Michelle Merlo, SHY Terango. Sen­ior Girls : FX Chris Russell, B Mar­garet Garcia , UPB Rowena Jack­son, SHY Jackson. Women's Open : FX Don a Potter, B Marcello French, UPB French, SHY Potter, AA French.

5th Annual Santa Monica Gymfest

THE SUN DIDN'T HAVE A SANCTION ... *

But everyone got tan anyhow at the Fifth Santa Monica GymFest.

Coming from as far away as Illinois, Ari­zona, and Northern California, more than 40 gymnasts participated in the end·of­summer activities at Santa Monica's famed Muscle Beach. The Labor Day Gym Fest, sponsored by Sundby Publications (The Modern Gymnast) and the Santa Monica Parks and Recrea tion Department, drew crowds of enthusiastic spectators for all three aft ernoons of competi tion .

too may take its place in the top summer gymnastics offerings.

An added highlight was the presence of a local television crew who taped part of the proceedings for one of thei r accent-on· you th programs.

The first Modern Gymnast Open was held the Fourth of July at the Santa Monica Beach. Billed as a fun meet it attracted from 5 to 12 entrants per event. While the Labor Day Weekend Gymfest has long been an attraction, the turnout for this initial Independence Day affair indicates that it

To recap the results: FX: Tom Proul x 9.35, Sandy Bassist 9. IS, Dove Pivnick 8.55 . SH: Dennis Ramsey 8.65, Rich Muff 8.05, Ken Bailey 7.75. SR : Dennis Wolfe 9 .25, Mickey Chaplan 9.10, Jon Harrison 9.00. Tr: Steve Lerner 9. 1, Don McFarland 8.9, Chris Costner 8.7. PB : Don Connelly 8.75 , Rich Grigsby 8.05, lorenzo Martinez 7.3 . HB: Mark Davis 8.75 , Don Connelly 8.65, Rich Hammers 8.65.

Saturday's Men's Open Competition pro· vided an opportunity for competitors at all levels to show off their skills. The top qualifiers were eligible for Monday's In­vi tational. The Sunday afternoon attraction was a combined exhibition and competition for the girls plus trampoline, minitramp, and swinging rings dismount contest for

26

the fellows. The latter, unique to the beach scene was the source of numerous triple f1yaways , f1iffis, and other unusual dis· mounts.

The Invitational meet included a five event all ·around which saw five entries plus a number of specialists. SIU's Fred Den· nis earned top honors while sharing the credits with Dick Tucker and AI Luber. As befitted the fun·in·the-sun nature of the meet, the awards to event winners were MG T·shirts while runners·up received MG posters. Miss Sue Hager, GymFest Princess, presented the awards.

The floor crew and equipment were pro­vided by Nissen's Lou P erschke while the S.M. Parks and Recreation Dept. set up bleachers and a public address system. Judges included Martin Carranza, Frank Endo, Bob Diamond, AI Luber, J erry Todd, Art Shurlock, Steve Hug, and Jon Harri­son. Our thanks to all who participated in making the GymFest a great success.- RAC

'FUN IN THE SUN'

*Many So. Calif. Gymnasts did not enter our "FUN IN THE SUN" informal com­petition (even though they wanted to) be­'cause they received personal calls from the local AA U gymnastics chairman threatening them,..with suspension if they took part. The SA,NTA MONICA GYMFEST sponsored by ihe SM Recreation Dept. and the MG, is not a big deal, just a lot of fun for the gang to get together to wind up' the sum­mer with a beach meet. It has never been sanctioned by the AA U or the USGF be­cause there is no entry fee and no admis· sion charge, so how can we jeopardize any­one's amateur standing? Th e City Recreation Dept. furnishes the ribbon awards and when we do give a few small trophies (or Gym­Fest T·shirts as we did this year) they have been donated by th e MG or the Nissen Co. The AAU does not and has not had a com­petitive progtam for Gymnastics in Southern Calif. for many years, now all of a sudden for them to " GET TOUGH" when a little

beach gymnastics has not added to their popularity . . . IF e would have taken out an AA U sanctian if they would have allowed a dual sanction, but they would not! So instead of taking a chance and hurting the eligibility of the College Gymna3ts who wanted to enter we went ahead as usual without any sanction for our "FUN IN THE SUN GYMNASTICS".

S.M. GYMFEST RESULTS Men's Open Competition, Sept. 2, 1967-

FX : Paul Moyer, Jeff Bennon, Rich Sulk. SH: Rick Tucker, Dennis Ramsey and Moyer. SR : Pot Arnold, Fred Dennis, Gory Vanderhoef, PB: Don Connelly, Tucker and Moyer. HB : AI Luber, Tucker, Mark Davis. Tr: C. Fox, Clay­ton Chrismon, Bennan. MiniTramp: Jerry Smith, Chrismon, Tom Proulx. Swinging Rings Dis­mounts: Dennis Sherman, Smith, Mike Beard.

Men's Invitational Competition, Sept. 4, 1967 -AA: Fred Dennis, Rick Tucker, AI Luber. FX: Paul Moyer, Jeff Bennon, Rich Sulk. SH: Den­nis RamseYt Mayer, Dennis. R: Arnold, Dennis, Vanderhoef. PB : Moyer, tie between Connelly and Luber. HB: Tucker, tie between Luber and Connelly.

27

LETTERS

MG WAY AHEAD Dear Glenn ,

Now that there are t wo gymnastic mag­azin es published, comparisons a r e, na tur­a lly, being mad e and the consensus he r e is overwhelming that you are way ahead.

Not only a r e yo u a ble to pac k th ree tim es as much information in the Harne a r ea, there are more photographs, arti­c�es' a nd suggestions.

This letter is to encou r age you to k eep up the fin e (superior) quali ty of your publication.

Sincerely, Thomas Taylor Wynwood , Pa.

ED. It's a full time business with us.

SISTER CITY EXCHANGE Dear Glenn,

I thought you might be interested in the followings news :

A team of gymnasts, six men ond three women from Kobe, Japan, will be the guests of the "Greater Seattle Gymnastic Club" for eight days from Nov. 4 to 12.

This h as b een a rranged as a " s is ter c ity" athletic exch a nge. You might re­member that my "Husky Gymnastic Clu b" spent 10 days in J a pan las t summer, m os t of it in Kobe. The Kobe team is now r eturning the visit .

We plan to have a full sch edule of events both social a nd gymnastic. The group will appear in several school assem­blies' one evening show for the public in the north end of Seattle and another in the south end, and conduct a c linic at the YMCA. The main feature of the week wi ll be competition between a Sea ttl e team and th e Kobe team conducted according to international rules.

We had the New Zealand national t eam h ere last year abou t thi s t ime and it proved 00 successful in every \vay that we are r eally looking forward to this visit .

A week prior t o the "inter-city meet" we will hold a trial meet, open to a ll "greater Seattle" residents, to se lect the team that will represent us.

F or those of your r eaders who li ve in the Pacific N.W. the date of the competi­tion wi ll be Fri. , Nov. 10. We expect our 7,000 sea t gym to be sold out so tick e ts better be obtain ed early.

Seattle, Washington Eric Hughes

DISAPPOINTED GYMNAST Dear Mr. Sundby,

I am very disappo ined I could no t en ter your meet at Santa Monica, mostly be­cau se o f the A .A. U. a nd partly becau se <If the N.C.A.A. The A.A.U. s t ates that a ll open meets must be sanct ioned by t he AA.U. I disagree with thi s especially in your case because there is no entry fee , no admission charge and the judges aren't paid. There is n o money at a ll involved, which doesn't really matter to the athl etes anyway. The gymnasts come d o wn to the beach and have a good time in a very informal meet. This year I was told that all gymnasts registered with the A .A. U. who entered the meet would be suspended from the A.A. U. and all International compet itions. I don' t see why it is a crime this yea r as for the last few years it seemed to b e okay.

E ven knowing that this Is crazy yo u s till went out of your way to get a sanc­tio n by the A .A. U., but the N.C.A.A. say they won't let their athletes enter your meet If it h as an A.A.U. sanction. They can 't ge t their stupid fight se ttl ed so they take it out on the ath letes and people like you who organize a good meet and hav e s ome ot your gymna.sts thro\vn o ut.

Sincerely yours, Steve Hug Northridge, Calif.

PENNSYLVANIA GYMNASTIC ASSOC. Dear Mr. Sundby:

A few gymnastically minded people a r e attempt ing to fo rm a gymnastic associa ­tion to cover the eastern h a lf o f Pennsyl­vania. The aim of this or gan ization wiil be to promote gymnastic activity, with em ­phasis on the beginner level.

W e are In the ea,ly formative stage and need to expand ou r mailing list.

28

This letter is written in hope that you could supply u s with your mailing li s t fr,r M.G. subscr ibers in th e sta te of P ennsyl­vania . If this is poss ibl e, it wou ld be greatly appreCiated.

Very t ruly yours, Robert W. Gras Gymnas ti c Inst ructor Scranton YMCA Mulberry Street Scranton , Pa.

ED. We hope all our readers in Pa. will drop Mr. Gras a post card with their ad· dress to help speed the growth of this new gym. Assoc. in the great state of Pennsyl. vania.

MEET INFORMATION Dea r Sir:

The Jewish Community Center of Kansas City, Missouri, is looking for age group gym nas ti c m eets to partic ipate in for boys or girls. I wou ld appreciate it ve r y mucil if MG reader s wou ld be so kind as to sen d u s information on any gynlnastic meet H in your area. I w ill in turn send any in ­formation o n gymnastic m ee ts in my area.

Please write to me in care of Th e Jew­is h Community Center, 8201 Holmes, Kan­sas C ity, Missouri 64 131.

Thank you, T om H e ineike Gymnast iC Coach

'No Fudley, That's not right! But you may have something there'

CARTOONS Dear Sirs.

I a m a gymnast and friend of Bob Lynn. I subscribe to the Modern Gymnast and enjoy it very much.

Just this s ummer I h ave taken up car ­tooning, and would like to donate som e of them t o your magazine. I have en closed on cartoon a )ld would appreciate it if yo u could use snme o f my work.

I wil l k eep on reading your wonderful lllagazine as l ong a~ lllY :::; ubscription hold s out.

Cordiall y , C. W. Parker Altadena, Calif.

ED. Thank you. The MG welcomes gym· nastic cartoons.

GYMNASTIC INSURANCE D ear Glenn:

So much is being d one for the promotion of gymn astics through books, magazine"

c lin ies t etc. and I wondered h ow many organizations thought o f a r ea s.o n able acc ident in s urance for the gymnast. This i s ho\v the New J ersey gymnasts are cov ­e red if they select to be pro tec ted.

The New J e r sey Gym nast ics Association carr i eR a 111 fl:s ter accident insurnnce policy. Any individual who is a m ember of th e N.J.G.A. can be covered upon th e pay m ent of $2.00 a year ,renewable in th e month of September) . Al so, if a gymnastic c lub h as a c lub membership in the ' .J.G .A., the gymnasts of that club ca n also apply for th e coverage even though they do not have an indiVidual membership in t.h e N.J.G.A. The policy provides for ~ 1500 medical expenses, $1500 death benefit and $100 to natural teeth for accidents du e to gymnastic partic ipation. Th e policy cov­ers anywhere in the USA and also ('ove!''-\ accidents tha.t might occur wh il e the g')' m­nast is traveling to a nd from ANY gym. Organ ized gy mnas ti c associations with a s izable membership of gymnasts, if th ey have no t a lready done so, m ight want to c heck with an in:surance age nt in t h eir s tate for a. s imila r pla n.

Interested in a ll gymnasts 100%, ram, Gymnastica lly yours, Helen Sju r sen , Edi tor N. J . Gymnastics Association 46 Poplar P lace Fanwood, N .J. 07023

( ____ M_G __ G_y_m __ C __ a_le_n_d_a_r __ ~J PROFESSIONAL GYMNASTICS CHAMPIONSHIPS: The first USA Professional Gymnastics will be held Oct. 28 & 29, 1967 Cedar Rapids, Iowa. For further information write to the Nissen Corp., Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52106.

MIDWEST WOMEN'S GYMNASTICS INSTITUTE: November 3 and 4, 1967, I ndiana State Univer· sity, Terre Haute, Indiana. Sponsored by Women 's Physical Education Department. Level of instruction: Beginning, intermediate, ad· vanced and elite.Fee: $5 .00 per person. Faculty: Miss Muriel Grossfeld, Mr. Herb Vogel, and Mr. Richard Zuber. For information write to: Mrs. Margit S. Treiber, Institute Chairman, Women's Physical Education Department, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809. Dead· line: Sept. 30.

NOV. 5, 1967-MEET-BOYS, AGE GROUP', Optional. Place : Lawncrest Recreation Center, Rising Sun and Comly St., Phila., Pa. 19111. Meet Director, Jack Levy, Lawncrest Recreation Center, Rising Sun and Comly St., Phila., Pa. 19111.

NOV. 19, 1967-MEET-GIRLS, COMPULSORY, Novice. Place: Mann Recreation Center, 5th and Allegheny, Phila ., Pa. 19140. Meet Director, Mrs. Joan Gardner, Mannettes Mother's Club, Mann Recreation Center, 5th and Allegheny, Phila., Pa. 19140.

TRAMPOLINE MEET. November 25, 1967, Springfield, Illinois. Individual and synchronized events for girls and for boys . For entry blanks write: Jerald Clark, 15 Calland Drive, Spring· field, Illinois.

NEW ENGLAND GYMNASTIC CLINIC. Thanks· giving vacation. Springfield College. Write AI Bickham, Waltham Boy's Club, Massachusetts.

DEC. 1967-EXHIBITION AND CLINIC-Doris Fuchs Brause for junior and senior high school boys and girls. Place : J. F. Kennedy High School, Kennedy Way and Levitt Pkwy., Willingboro, N.J. Director and Manager, Mrs. Lois Musgrave, 38 Merribrook Circle, Willingboro, N.J. 08046.

MISSOURI GYMNASTIC WORKSHOp· CLINIC: December 9, 1967, University of Missouri , emphasis on intermediate·advanced skills. Staff: Mr. Herb Vogel and SI U team members. For complete information write Marjorie Meredith,

Woman's Gym, University of Missour i, Colum­bia, Missouri 65201.

LONG ISLAND GYMNASTIC CLINIC: December 15 & 16. First Annual Long Island Gymnastic Clinic . Smithtown High School, Smithtown, New York. For information write, Clinic Director, Peter Bacon, Director of Physical Education, Indian Head School, 5th Ave ., Kings Park, New York.

GYM MEET. Wisconsin Open Gymnastic Championships. February 17, 1968, Brookfield East Gymnasiu'm, Brookfield, Wisconsin.

'V-News' continued from page 25

The New Britain YMCA under the com· petent guidance of its Physical Director Doug Boyea did an excellent job of organ­izi ng and conduct in g the competition and won the unanimous compliments of com­petitors, officials and spectators.

The 1%8 National YMCA Gymnastic Championships for men and women has b"en awarded to the Reading YI\'l CA of Reading, Penn sylvania and will be held on April 19-20th, 1968.

THE 1967 NATIONAL YMCA MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIPS

Team Results: Germantown, Po. (P) 322.40; West Side, New York City, NY (NY) 256.70; New Orleans, Louisiana (NO) 137.65; Brooklyn Central, New York City (BC) 130.35; Glen Cove, N.Y. (G) 123.00; New Britain, Conn . (NB) 117.60.

All-Around: Mark Cohn-P 106.90; Barry Weiner-P 101 .70; Carl Satta-P 96.75; Joe Bridges NY 93 .10; Edward Vana Morris town , N.J. (M) 90.50; John Pesha - NY 89.40. LH : Dav id Jacobs- BC, Barry Weiner; Michael La­gonia-G; Kenton Poole-NB; Jomes Carisella, Wakefield, Mass; Marc Cohn. PB : Marc Cohn, Ronald Perone-BC; Borry Weiner; Joe Bridges; John Pesha; Carl Satta. FX : Marc Cohn; David Jacobs; Ed Vano; Barry Weiner ; Bruce McGart ­lin-NO; Carl Satto. TU: Richard VanHerst, Dayton, Ohio; Thomas Woods- P; Bruce McGart­lin; Anthony, Joeger-NO; David Jacobs; Kirk Peterso n-NO. SH : Marc Cohn; James Yearwood­BC; Robert LeClair, New Bedford Mass; Myron Gluck, West Side , NYC; Carl Satta-P. SR: Carl Satta; Tom Pillion-NB; Barry Weiner ; Mark Cohn; Mike Gorn-P; Robert Rombach- NO. HB : Mark Cohn; Barry Weiner , John Pesha; John Demore-BC; Carl Sotta; Ina Woods, Glen Cove, NY. TR : Stanley Zdunek, Schenec tady, NY; Clay Seife rt, Morristown, NJ; Thomas Woods; Patri ck King-NB; Michael Kasavana , Stamford, Conn.; William Capp, Cleveland, Ohio .

THE 1967 NATIONAL YMCA WOMEN'S GYMNASTICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

Team Results : Seattle, Wash . (W) 206.40; Dayton, Ohio (0) 196.95; Morristown, NJ (NJ) 118.65; Washington, DC (DC) 112.20; Indian­apolis, Indiana (I) 67.40; Plainv ille, Conn. (C) 58.85.

All-Around: Margie Sims, Chevy Chase , Md. 70.85; Lynn Friedman, Abington , Po . 69 .75; Carolyn Pingatore, Seatt le , Wash. 68.30T; Lon­na Woodward, Seattle, Wosh. 68.30T; Cleo Carver , Seattle, Wash . 67.75; Sue Werling-O 67 .10. FX: Margie Sims; Lynn Friedman; Lonna Woodward; Cleo Carver; Leanne McClements, Seattle, Wash .; Peggy Rowen, Seatt le, Wash. BB: Lonna Woodward ; Cleo Carver; Margie Sims; Lynn Friedman; Peggy Rowen; Carol yn Pingatore . U B: Linda Beyer-DC; Carolyn Ping­atore; Lonna Woodward; Margie Sims; Lynn Friedman; Cleo Carver. SHY : Margie Sims; Carol yn Pingatore; Lynn Friedman; Linda Bey­er; Leanne McClements; Cleo Carver.

IGM UNIFORM SUPPLIERS

for 1964 United Stotes

Olympic Gymnastics Team 3256 North Avenue

Chicago, Illinois 60647, USA

GYMNASTICS FOR GIRLS Edited by Eric Hughes

GYMNASTICS FOR MEN By Eric Hughes

One of the top U.S. coaches provides a spe­cial progressive instruction plan to assure more positive development of gymnastic skills. Comprehensive guide takes you through floor exercises to advanced bar and ring work, emphasizing the fine points of competition. Hundreds of diagrams illustrate each movement; photos show you the per­fected style. Official rules , terminology, safety tips round out the book. 380 pp. , ilIus.

(280) $7.50

GYMNASTIC APPARATUS EXERCISES FOR GIRLS

By Diane H. Babbitt and Werner Haas

A unique 5-step plan to mastery of every event. Gauged to difficulty and age group, each event is divided into 5 routines with emphasis on building individual stunts into gymnastic compositions. Hundreds of de­tailed drawings illustrate the techniques , along with photos and easy-to-follow ex­planations. Complete official rules are in­cluded. 265 pp ., ilIus . (235) $5.00

Easy·to-follow sourcebook details a wide selection of sound, enjoy­able exercises in apparatus work. Action pictures give top-flight as­sistance each step of the way­pinpoint the essential movements for every activi ty. Introductory remarks for each apparatus , dis­cussions of warm-up exercises, and suggested routi nes provide help in such areas as vaulting and

FUNDAMENTAL TUMBLING SKILLS ILLUSTRATED­With Floor Exercise By Charles J. Keeney

suspension apparatus, balance beam, uneven parallel bars , tram­poline, and rings. 120 pp., illus.

(234) $3.75

ELEMENTARY GYMNASTIC APPARATUS SKILLS ILLUSTRATED By Harold J. Frey and Charles J. Keeney

Here's expert coaching advice on all the refine­ments and techniques needed to achieve cham­pionship skill on the horizontal bar, the parallel bars , side horse , and rings. More than 300 photos with explanations pinpoint the import­ant positions, grips, drills, and skills . The book gives essential details on equipment, safety, orthodox and modified forms of competition. 144 pp. , illus. (233) $4.50

•.......•.........•..•...•••••..•••.•••... Rolls, balances, cartwheels, snap-ups, etc. are made easy with this book's professional assistance and over 100 photos. You get a fast run-down on basic ski lls and the performance of many stunts , both for the beginner and the advanced tumhler. Also in­cluded are floor exercise routines for

The Ronald Press Company 79 M adison Avenue ' New York . N .V. 100)6

Please rush books circled below: 280 235 234

277 233 o Check enclosed o Send COD

competitive gymnasts. 97 j';:;;j';;:oo Name .. _. __________ ._. ___ . _________________ _____ ._ .... __ ___ ... _ ... __

Gli .II§i¥jM .i·llt ::t~'" i .................................... ~:~! ..

29

30

'SURE GRIP RINGS' A NEW AND BETTER RING FOR

GYMNASTICS Introducing: The New "Sure Grip Rings"

Made of a special plastiC material, Sure Grip Rings are a giant step forward. Here are a few of the reasons why:

* * * Each ring is extremely accurate, con­

forming to competition specifications with unheard of precision.

* * * Sure Grip Rings possess a unique grip­

ping quality which does not falter in sweating hands. Caking, which can cause rips, is reduced or eliminated by the lessened need for excessive use of chalk. The near perfect shape and absence of surface irregularities add comfort to a very confident grip.

* * * Sure Grip Rings laugh at weather! A

continuous, one piece ring, Sure Grips may be left outdoors day and night, month in and month out because they are inherently weather proof. There are no laminates to come apart; there is no shrinking, swell ­ing, splitting or warping.

Combine these advantages with dura­bility, strength, and very light weight, and you have a new, versatile ring which is far, far ahead of all others.

Try the finest ring available. We're sure you'll like them.

Sure Grip RilYJS $30.00 ORDER FROM: l. A. BELL

1020 Sheridan Rd. Wilmette, Illinois 60091

PAN-AM PHOTOS By Let them be your t icket to the

Gymnastics Events of the Don Wilkinson 1967 PAN-AMERICAN GAMES

An Illustrated Catalogue of this Sports Spectacular is available at a cost of $1.00-refundable on purchase of $5.00 or more worth of pictures. This catalogue contains over 3,000 pictures of the sports of the games~including over 500 pictures of the gymnastics events.

Write DON WILKINSON, IOU 8th Ave. Greeley, Colorado - 80631

In addition. a catalogue is available for the 1964 Olympic Games (pictures of 14 sports are included). The Olympic cata­logue is SOc- contains over 1200 pictu res-~

170 illustrated.

Cost of Slides -I to 9 slides . . .... SOc each 50 to 99 slides 40c each 10 to 24 slides . 47c each 100 to 249 sl ides 3& each 25 to 49 slides 45c each 250 or m ore 35c each

Sets of slides are ava il able. made up of slides of my selec tion. O rder forms and list of sets are sent on request.

Cost of Black and White Prints -5 x 7 - $1.00 each - set of 10 prints $ 9.00 - set of 25 pri nts $20.00 8 x 10 - SUO each. set of 10 prints $14.00 - se t of 25 prints $32.50

II x 14 - $4.25 each - set of 10 prints $39.25 - set of 25 (price available on request)

Because all my pictures are on 35mm film it is impossible to make larg­er than II x 14 prints and hold any print clarity and quali ty.

CASH WITH ORDERS PLEASE

SEND FOR FREE COMPLETE

CATALOG OF TRAMPOLINE

EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES

SIDLINGER TRAMPOLINE CO. P.O. Box 2

Garland, Texas 75040

Indisputably the finest name in trampolining - since 1948

Save! Buy direct from the manufacturer SIL-O-ETTE leotards are styled and manufactured by Wolff-Fording, a name long recognized for quality. Soft 100% two-way stretch nylon, tailored for perfect fit and freedom of action. One-piece "no-ride-up" construction. Launders beautifully by hand or machine washing. In midnight black: cap, short or long sleeve; children and adult sizes.

FREE FOLDER!

Physical Education Supervisors in schools

and other organizations, please write us on your

letterhead for special price list. Complete Dance Costume and Accessory catalog also

available on request.

COMPANY Dept.

88 KINGSTON STREET, BOSTON, MAss. 02111

Favorite the World Over!

GYMNAST PUMPS FOOT·HUGGING CANVAS

WITH FULL RUBBER SOLE

Pair $2.20

Get them at Kling's! Marvelous li~ht· weight gymnast pumps imported from Europe. These clinging, non-slip shoes have comfortable elastic band across instep. Choose yours in Black or White.

KLING'S ... Headquarters for All Your DANSKIN Requirements!

Write lor new catal09 and .pecJal .chool pdce Ibt

.~~ ~1~

218 S. WABASH AVENU'E Dept. G

CHICAGO, ILL. 60604

(312) HArrison 7·2028

FRANK ENDO 12200 SOUTH BERENDO AVENUE

LOS ANGELES, CALI FORNIA 90044

LADIES' GYMNASTIC SHOE

Sizes : 2 - 9 $2.00 pro ppd.

MEN'S GYMNASTIC SHOE

Sizes: 1 - 12 $2.50 pro ppd.

Write for FREE brochure.

~~~J~~D~~ ~B~ J~~~~~~~~D~~J~~~ Designed for Champions (and Safety, too)

Providing a comprehensive athletic program for all students, plus champion­ships for your school, requires great coaching, plus top quality equipment. American builds gymnastic equipment to Olympic specifications . . . crafted for champions ... with the exclusive margin of safety coaches and parents appreciate. Wire today for our catalog and details on our free gymnasium planning service. American Athletic Equipment Company, Jefferson, Iowa 50129

Features • Recording and. instant replay

of video picture and audio sound

• Designed for continuous duty commercial applications

• Convenient, easy pushbutton operation

• Compact portable unit • Solid -state electronics • Precision, rugged and reliable

tape transpo·rt mechanism • Erasure and reuse of tape • Excellent pictu re quality • Advance-design, long-life video

heads - up to 1000 hou rs of operation

• Built-in head-cleaning system • Monitoring of video picture

and aud io sound while recording

• Accurate setting of video record levels, resultinF{ in superior-quality recordings

• Play-back through any standard television receiver­without internal connections

• Recording from television camera or broadcast televis ion program _

$1795.00

A professional

el ctronic recording system

for simultaneous video

and audio recording

E·200 VIDEO TAPE RECORDING SYSTEM was designed to meet the need for moderate cost, quality video ·tape system with instant replay of picture and sound_ It rep­resents a major technological achievement with broad applications for teaching, education, training and com­munications_

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