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Page 1: MHB- indoor sports
Page 2: MHB- indoor sports

18 Indoor sports facilitiesCI/SfB: 541, 562

UDC: 725.74, 725.85

Uniclass: F541, F562

Peter Ackroyd and Gerald Perrin

KEY POINTS:

• Because of the British climate, more and more indoor facilities

for sport are needed

• Encouraging everyone to learn and enjoy swimming is a priority

• Provision divides into leisure and competitive facilities

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Sports centres

3 Sports halls

4 Ancillary halls

5 Projectile halls

6 Special spaces

7 Types of swimming pool: competition, learner, training and

diving pools

8 Water activities

9 Leisure pools and water features

10 Movable floor pools

11 Pool details and lane markings

12 Changing provision

13 Provision for disabled people

14 Pool capacity analysis

15 Bibliography

1 INTRODUCTION

Indoor sporting activity can be competitive, recreational or for

training purposes. Most facilities are designed to cater for all

three, and are either general-purpose spaces such as sports halls

or special to one activity or range of activities, such as a swimming

pool, squash court or ice rink. The different sports and activities

will be found in alphabetical order in sections 3–6: whichever is

appropriate. Swimming is covered in sections 7–14. Outdoor activ-

ities are covered in Chapter 20 of this Handbook.

In this chapter, the information given about each activity will

generally be confined to the required overall sizes at the various

recognised levels:

N – international and national competition

C – county and club competition and

R – recreational.

For further information, such as detailed dimensions, equipment,

environmental installations, etc. refer to the Handbook of Sports

and Recreational Building Design.

2 SPORTS CENTRES

Some sports centres are large complexes encompassing wet and

dry sports. 18.1 shows the possible elements of such a complex,

some of which are omitted in smaller centres. 18.2 is a plan of a

large centre. The essential elements of a small dry sports centre are

shown in 18.3, and a plan of a centre in 18.4.

3 SPORTS HALLS

3.01 Use of facilities

Sports halls are general-purpose spaces intended to cater for a great

variety of activities. Some of these can take place simultaneously,

but others need exclusive use for a time. In general, all the

activities in sections 3–5 and even some of those in section 6 can

take place in a suitable sports hall. However, the demand for time

in sports halls is so great that those activities that can be carried on

in less expensive accommodation tend to be confined to projectile

halls and ancillary halls. In this section, information about the

activities will be found under the most appropriate space.

18.1 Space and circulation diagram of a large wet and dry sports

centre

18.2 Dunstable leisure centre: a leisure pool and dry facilities on

a school site

18-1

Page 3: MHB- indoor sports

3.02 Sizes

Only the largest of halls will satisfy all required standards of play

for all indoor sports, and therefore it will be necessary to decide on

upon the range of sports and levels before determining the floor

area. Table I shows what can be accommodated in the various

standard sizes of hall.

The same floor area may provide for international standard in

one or two sports and at the same time offer a wide variety of other

activities at a lower standard. Typical arrangements are shown in

18.5–18.18.

3.03 Height

The height of the underside of the roof structure, or the ceiling if

there is one, above the floor is specified by each sport’s governing

body, and this is a critical design factor. Badminton, tennis and

trampolining require an unrestricted height of 9.1m for interna-

tional competition, while 7.6m is necessary at C level in all sports

except those for which height is not critical. However, a height

greater than justified by the intended use will increase running

costs in heating, lighting and maintenance.

3.04 Construction

The construction and fabric of the hall should be such as to mini-

mise damage, both accidental and from vandalism. Sports halls

should only be naturally lit from above; any form of vertical

glazing will produce some glare.

3.05 Activities

The sizes required for various activities in the sports hall are shown

in 18.19–18.32 (scale 1:500).

4 ANCILLARY HALLS

To economise in the use of the large sports halls, larger centres

have practice halls suitable for some smaller-scale activities. The

two suggested sizes are:

• 15� 12� 3.5–4.5m

• 21–24� 12� 4.5m with a divider.

Sizes for various activities in this type of hall are given in 18.33–

18.40 (scale 1:500). For yoga, each person will lie on the floor on a

mat or blanket and will ideally need a clear area of 2.5m diameter.

5 PROJECTILE HALLS

18.41–18.43 show plans and sections of a range of projectile

rooms, and Table II shows which sports can be covered by them.

The spaces required are given in 18.44–18.48 (scale 1:500).

Where the projectile room is to be used for firearms shooting,

the construction must be to safety standards and robust enough to

withstand the use. It may be found that this use will severely

restrict the projectile hall’s use for other activities.

6 SPECIAL SPACES

There are a number of activities that need spaces permanently and

exclusively reserved for them. This may be due to the weight or

size of the equipment, such as billiards/snooker, or because the

playing area is closely defined, such as squash or real tennis. For

some of these, semi-portable equipment is now being produced,

but these are generally designed for special occasions such as

national championships. The critical sizes for these special spaces

are given in 18.49–18.59 (scale 1:500 except where shown

otherwise).

18.3 Main elements of a dry sports centre

18.4 Harpenden, a small compactly designed centre. The social

areas have been positioned to take advantage of the parkland site.

a First floor. b Ground floor

18-2 Indoor sports facilities

Page 4: MHB- indoor sports

Table I Definition of sizes: maximum number of courts related to standards of play

Large hallfr Medium hallsfr Small halls Community halls

36.5 � 32� 9.1m1168m2

32 � 26� 7.6–9.1m

832m2

29 � 26� 7.6–9.1m

754m2

32 � 23� 7.6–9.1m

736m2

32 � 17� 6.7–7.6m

544m2

29.5 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m486.75m2

26 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m

429m2

22.5 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m371.25m2

17.0–20.0 � 15.6 �6.7m

265.2–321m2

17.0–8.5� 6.7m144.5m2

No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard

Aikido 46

NC

4 N 4 N 2þ3(�)

CR

23(1�)

NR

2 N 2 N 12

NR

1 N – –

Archery (lengthof shoot)

�30m25m18m20 yd

�25m18m20 yd

18m20 yd

s25m18m20 yd

s25m18m20 yd

18m20 yd

18m15 yd

18m15 yd

– – – –Badminton 8 N 5

6(2�)N�R

3/44

NCR�

46

N1

R4 C�� 3

4C��

R�3 C�� 3 R 2 R1 1 R1

Basketball 2 N 12

NC�/R

12

NR�

1 N 1 C�� 1 C�� 1 C�� 11

R�

Mini BB1 Mini BB – –

Bowls (portablenon–competitiverinks)

7 R 5 R 5 R� 4 R 3 R 3 R� – – – – – – – –

Boxing (trainingrings)

912

NR

612

NR

49

NR

68

NR

36

CR

35

CR

25

CR

24

CR

24

CR

2–

R–

Cricket six–a-sidepitches ns

12

NC

1 C – – 1 C 1 R – – – – – – – – – –

Cricket nets 8 N 6 N 6 C 5 N 4 C 4 C 4 R – – – – – –

Fencing (pistes) 1214

NC

8(3�)9

NC

78

NC

68

NC

3/42/3

N/CR�

3/4�

þ2N/CR�

3/4�

þ1N/CR

34

NC�

3 C 2 R

Five-a-side football 12

NR�

12

CR�

1 R� 1 C 1 R� 1 R� 1 R� 1 R� 1 R� – –

Gymnastics(Olympic)

– N – C – P – C – P – P – P – P – P – –

Handball 1 N� 1 C 1 R� 1 C 1 R 1 R� – – – – – – – –

Mini handball 1 C 1 C 1 C 1 R� 1 R�

Hockey 1 C� 1 R 1 R 1 R 1 R 1 R 1 R 1 R – – – –

Judo 46

NR

24

NC

14

NC

24

NR

23

NR

12

NC

12

NR

12

NR

1/2–

R– – –

Karate 412

NR

2/46

N/CR

24/6

N�

C/R26

NR

26

NR�

23

N�/CR

1/23

N/CR

12

NR

12

NR

2–

R�

Keep fit; Movementand dance; Yoga, ns

� � � � � � � � � �

Kendo 46

NR�

24

NC

24

N�

C24

NR

2 N 22

N�

C12

NC

12

NR�

1–

R–

– –

(Continued)

Page 5: MHB- indoor sports

Table I (Continued)

Large hallfr Medium hallsfr Small halls Community halls

36.5 � 32� 9.1m1168m2

32 � 26� 7.6–9.1m

832m2

29 � 26� 7.6–9.1m

754m2

32 � 23� 7.6–9.1m

736m2

32 � 17� 6.7–7.6m

544m2

29.5 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m486.75m2

26 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m

429m2

22.5 � 16.5� 6.7–7.6m371.25m2

17.0–20.0 � 15.6 �6.7m

265.2–321m2

17.0–8.5� 6.7m144.5m2

No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard No. Standard

Lacrosse F 1 N 1 C� 1 R 1 C� 1 C� 1 R – P – P – – – –

Lawn tennis 12

N�

R1 R� – – 1 R� 1 R� – – – – – – – – – –

Micro korfball 1 C 1 C 1 C 1 C 1 R� – – – – – – – – – –

Netball 12

NC�/R

1 R – – 1 R 1 R – – – – – – – – – –

Table tennisc/c 1015/21

NC/C

610/15

NC/C

610/12

NC/C

610/12

NC/C

7/914

C/CR

712

C/CR

6/710

C/CR

48

C/CR

3–66-8

C/CR

4 R�

Trampolining 12 N 812

N�R

8 N� 48

N�C/R

46

C��

R4 C�� 4 C�� 4 R 2 R 1 R

Tug of war – N – C – R – C – C – R – – – – – – – –

Volleyball 2

3

N�

R

123

N�

CR�

1

2

N�

R

2�

2

N�/C

R

1 C�� 1 C�� 1 C�� 1 C�� 1 R� – –

Weight liftingcontests

– N – N – N – N C – C – C – C – C – – –

Wrestling 412

NC

26

NC

6 C 26

NC

23

N�

C38

CR�

26

CR

26

CR

24

CR

2–

R–

KeyN National/international standardC County/club standardR Recreational standardP Practice area onlyc/c For table tennis there are two grades of minimum space allowances for inter-county/inter-club standards of playfr Fire regulations and maximum compartment volumes should be checked. Halls of 7000m3 or over need a DOE waiver, ‘Volume’ can include an unenclosed structural roof spaces ns No standards have yet been laid downS Area behind shooting line is below safety standard recommended. Acceptable space can be provided with a slight lengthening of the hall; or existing spaces may be used for practice purposes� Below minimum space standard recommended by the governing body concerned, but capable of providing purposeful and enjoyable activity�� Recreational standard where the hall is less than 7.6m clear height for badminton and trampolining, or less than 7.0m for basketball and volleyball 6.7m height is suitable for mini basketball and mini volleyball� County/club standard where the hall is less than 9.0m clear height

Page 6: MHB- indoor sports

18.6 Alternative arrangements for large sports halls

18.5 Alternative arrangements for large sports halls

18.7 Alternative arrangements for large sports halls

18.8 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

18.9 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

Indoor sports facilities 18-5

Page 7: MHB- indoor sports

18.10 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

18.11 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

18.12 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

18.13 Alternative arrangements for medium-size halls

18.14 For small halls

18.15 For small halls

18-6 Indoor sports facilities

Page 8: MHB- indoor sports

18.16 For small halls

18.17 Wycombe sports centre: plan of court markings and equipment fixings in sports hall

Indoor sports facilities 18-7

Page 9: MHB- indoor sports

18.18 Tamworth sports centre: plan of court markings and equipment fixings

18.19 Badminton, a doubles court for all standards of play. Where

courts are placed side by side, tournaments are held with seating

and play on alternate courts. Heights lower than 7.6m are

discouraged by the Badminton Association of England

18.20 Basketball. At a recreational level, this game can be played

in a school gymnasium 21.3� 12.2m

18.21 Five-a-side football. This needs rebound walls all round to

about a height of 2m, but can be adapted to the available space. In

a medium-size sports hall 18.10, the playing area is the size of the

hall. At a recreational level the game may be played in a small size

hall, about 30� 15m being regarded as a reasonable minimum.

Depending on age and sizes of players, their numbers on the pitch

could be reduced as necessary for satisfaction. This game can also

be played out of doors, but difficulties may be experienced in

installing suitably robust rebound walls

18-8 Indoor sports facilities

Page 10: MHB- indoor sports

18.22 Men’s gymnastics. See 18.54 for special practice spaces

18.24 Handball, seven-a-side

18.25 Hockey. Team sizes are adjusted according to the size of the

available pitch. Side boards should be provided 100� 100mm

with a 20mm inward tilt

18.23 Women’s gymnastics. See 18.54

18.26 Korfball. In halls of smaller dimensions, allow for full safety

margins, keep pitch width about 18–20m, and maximum possible

length up to 40m

18.27 Netball

Indoor sports facilities 18-9

Page 11: MHB- indoor sports

18.29 Tennis

18.28 Pop Lacrosse. This has superseded indoor women’s

lacrosse. It can also be played out of doors, when there is no

boundary. The size approximates to four badminton courts, and

could be played on a five-a-side football pitch. For further details,

refer to the English Lacrosse Union, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancs, or

the All England Women’s Lacrosse Association, Birmingham

18.30 Trampoline. The ‘bed’ is 0.95–1.05m above the ground.

Synchronised competitions must be parallel to each other and 2m

apart. Note etxended length of end frame units from that previously

published

18.31 Tug-of-war

18.32 Volleyball

18.33 Aikido

18-10 Indoor sports facilities

Page 12: MHB- indoor sports

18.35 Fencing pistes

18.36 Judo

18.34 Boxing. A ring for recreational purposes may be only 3.6m

square. For competitions, in addition to the ring and spectator

accommodation the following are needed:

• Medical examination room

• Weighing room

• Gloving-up room

• Administrative facilities

• Lighting above the ring

• Water supply to each ‘corner’

18.38 Kendo

18.37 Karate. Regional competitions require three international

size combat areas

18.40 Wrestling

18.41 Small projectile hall: a. Section. b. Plan

18.39 Table tennis. See Table III for overall dimensions. The table

is 0.76m high, and normally requires a space 1.4� 1.6� 0.5m for

storage. When in use, each table requires individual lighting

18.42 Medium-Projectile hall: a. Section. b. Plan

Indoor sports facilities 18-11

Page 13: MHB- indoor sports

7 TYPES OF SWIMMING POOL: COMPETITION,

LEARNER, TRAINING AND DIVING POOLS

7.01

There has been a general trend away from pools designed specifi-

cally for competition and diving towards shallow water, free-form

‘fun’ pools with many features including water rides. The intro-

duction of compulsory competitive tendering (CCT) has further

increased the emphasis on income-producing dryside provision, in

the form of fitness rooms, health and beauty suites, sunbeds, saunas

and steam rooms. This dryside space around the fun pool is often

themed to represent ‘tropical paradises’ where dense planting

provides the backcloth for steel bands, travel agencies, and pool-

side refreshments. Indoor/outdoor pools – often seen in European

countries – are becoming popular.

Demand for serious swimming facilities in the meantime has

reappeared in the form of 25m pools with six or eight lanes, 18.60.

Many older 33.33m pools have been converted into combined18.43 Large projectile hall: a. Section. b. Plan

Table II Projectile halls

Large30.3 � 12.8 � 4.6

Medium30.3 � 9.75 � 3.6–4.6

Small30.3 � 5.3 � 3.6

Air rifle 12 firing points 8 firing points 4 firing pointsArchery 3 details � 6 archers 3 targets 3 details of 4 archers range 18 m 2 details of 4 archersBowls 2/4.5 � 27m roll-up rinks (if no shooting) 1 roll-up rink (if no shooting) 1 rinkCricket 3 nets 6-a-side cricket 2 nets 1 netFencing 1 piste 4 practice pistes 1 piste 1 pisteGolf practice 4 ranges 3 ranges 1 rangePistol shooting 7 firing points 10 with side screens 5 firing points 3 firing pointsRifle shooting 12 firing points ranges 25 m, 25 yd, 15 yd 9 firing points 4 firing pointsTable squash 15 tables 8 tables 4 tablesTable tennis 15 tables 8 tables 4 tables

Table III Dimensions for table tennis playing space (m)

Standard of play L W Ceiling height Clear height below lights

International matches 14.0 7.0 4.20 4.05Inter-league and inter-county matches 11.0–14.0 min 5.50–7.0 min 4.20 4.05Practice and inter-club matches 10.0 5.0 4.20 4.05Tournaments (more than one table) 8.0 5.0 4.20 4.05Recreational play 7.6 4.6 – 2.7

Table IV Dimensions for indoor athletics tracks (m)

Lap length Length ofstraight (s)

Length ofbend (B)�

Radius ofbend (R)y

Overall length (L1) Overall width (W) Space for sprintstraight (L2)

6-track 4-track 6-track 4-track

200 35z 65 20.49 88 84 53 49 75.9850 50 15.716 93.44 89.44 43.44 39.44 81.4452.25 47.75 15.0 94.25 90.25 42 38 82.2565 35z 10.94 98.88 94.88 33.88 29.88 86.88

160 35z 45 14.124 75.25 71.25 40.25 36.25 63.2540 40 12.532 77.06 73.06 37.06 33.06 65.0645 35z 10.941 78.88 74.88 33.88 29.88 66.88

� Measured 200mm from inside of outer white line around flat-edged track, or 300mm inside a raised border or edge frameworky Nett radius allowing for 200mm deduction. The smaller the radius, the greater the inclination of the banking, 10�–18� maxz A European Athletic Association regulation minimum dimension

18-12 Indoor sports facilities

Page 14: MHB- indoor sports

18.46 Cricket practice nets. For the six-a-side game (not illustrated)

the playing area is 30.4–36.5� 18.9–30.4� 6.1–7.6m high

18.45 Bowling. A single rink in a projectile hall. See also 18.52

18.47 Golf practice

18.49 Athletics: requirements for straight sprint

18.44 Archery. International and national shoots require ranges

of 30, 25 and 18m, and of 20 yards (18.288m). For club and

recreational shoots 15 yards (13.716m) will do, but 30m is

preferred for competition practice. Archers stand no closer

together than 1.25m when on the shooting line, with two or three to

each target. The minimum ceiling height is 3m. Where there is no

public access the distance between the side wall and the first target

should be at least 1.2m. Where spectator accommodation is

required, advice should be sought from the Grand National

Archery Society. Storage is required for straw bosses and stands,

preferably at the target end; and lockable storage for portable bow

racks and tackle boxes

18.48 Shooting range, small-bore target. For rifle shooting,

ranges at 25m, 25 yards and 15 yards are required at minimum

1.05m centres. Pistols (where permitted) use 25m and 25 yards at

1.8m centres, or 1.15m with side screens: a. Section. b. Plan

18.50 Athletics: indoor tracks 200 and 160m laps, with straight

sprint in centre. See Table IV for dimensions. It is no longer

considered satisfactory to fit a running track inside the cycle track

in 18.53. If spectator accommodation is needed around the track, a

building of considerable clear span is necessary as supports in the

central area are not acceptable

18.52 Bowling. Four rinks are the minimum for recreation, six are

required for tournaments

18.51 Billiards and snooker. The agreed international size, due to

become mandatory in 2025, of 3.5� 1.75m measured inside the

cushions, has had little acceptance, even in major competitions

Indoor sports facilities 18-13

Page 15: MHB- indoor sports

18.53 Cycling, 250m track. This is relatively steeply banked. The 333 1/3m track [24.48] can be used internally

18.54 Gymnastics practice: training hall at Lilleshall Hall NSC:

a. Cross-section. b. Plan

18.55 Ice hockey. Rinks are usually sized to accommodate the

‘pad’; this should be surrounded by a 1.2m high barrier

18.56 Rackets, or racquets: a. Section. b. Plan

18.57 Real (or royal) tennis. The dimensions are those at Hampton

Court which is reputed to be the widest and among the longest

18.58 Rugby fives: a. Section. b. Plan

18-14 Indoor sports facilities

Page 16: MHB- indoor sports

competition and learner pools by means of causeways at the 25m

mark, 18.61. Hybrid pools with 25m training lanes down the centre

and free-form sides are becoming increasingly common, 18.62.

Another leisure pool is shown in 18.63.

The refurbishment of old Edwardian pools and buildings of simi-

lar vintage (corn exchanges, sawmills, etc.) has increased the present

stock of good pools considerably, especially in the UK and Holland.

7.02 Dimensions for competition pools

Dimensions of these pools, are strictly laid down by major govern-

ing bodies for swimming (FINA – international: ASA for UK).

Changes are made from time to time and it is advisable to seek

up-to-date information from the relevant authorities.

7.03 Competition pools

Competition pools are based upon long-course 50m, 18.64, or

short-course 25m, 18.65 requirements. Long-course pools have a

minimum width of 21m or 25m for Olympic competition. The

minimum depth of water may be 1m, although 1.2m is preferred in

21m wide pools. Olympic standard pools require a minimum depth

of 1.8m.

7.04 Short-course pools

Short-course, 25m, pools should have a width of 13m for six-lane

competition, or 17m for eight-lane competition. Minimum water

depth should be 0.9–1m (preferably 1.2m following recent court

findings relating to accidents in shallow water pools). Maximum

depth may be 1.8–2m. These pools are suitable for ASA National,

District and County standard competitions.

18.59 Squash. All dimensions are highly critical and are to

internal finished surfaces, which are plastered to a special

specification: a. Section. b. Plan

18.60 25m pool complex

Indoor sports facilities 18-15

Page 17: MHB- indoor sports

7.05 Training pools

Training pools of 25m length may have four or five lanes (9 and

11m wide). Depths should be as for short-course pools. In both

cases, the last 6m of the deep end should be level.

7.06 Learner pools

Learner pools for beginners and non-swimmers, 18.66, should

preferably be separated from the main pool far safety reasons and

in order to maintain higher air and water temperatures. Steps along

one side form part of the water-acclimatisation process especially

for the young. Ramps are sometimes included for disabled non-

ambulant users, although with level deck pools these have become

largely unnecessary. Handrails should be provided where steps

lead down into the water.

Dimensions are based upon class size down one long side

(classes are of 30–35 pupils on average), with the width allowing

beginners to take at least three or four strokes before reaching the

side. Common dimensions are length 12–13m, width 7–10m and

depth 0.7m at the foot of steps to 0.9–1.2m at the deep end.

7.07 Pools for the very young (two months old)

These are frequently provided separately, 18.67, to acclimatise

children to water accompanied by parents. Shallow water, seat/

steps, and water features such as slides and play furniture make up

the main characteristics of these pools. There are no fixed dimen-

sions or shapes.

7.08 Hydrotherapy pools

These are commonly seen throughout Europe, particularly in

Germany and Austria, for the elderly or infirm, 18.68. The water

is heavily salinated to assist swimming and healing. The increasing

number of sports injuries clinics now appearing in the UK suggests

a wider role for this type of pool.

7.09 Diving pools

Diving pools attached to main competition pools have been super-

seded by specialist diving facilities in separate self-contained

spaces where diving can be carried on without interruption. The

minimum distance to other pools should be 5m. The minimum

requirements for a diving pool are given in 18.69 and Table V.

Olympic or international standard competition diving requires

more rigorous standards, 18.70, and associated specialist facilities

such as sprays to ripple the water surface and lifts to the higher

diving boards. The FINA/ASA standards for these are shown in

18.71 and Table VI. An example of this type is shown in 18.72.

National training status requires length 30m, width 25m and

depths as Table V.

All dimensions should be checked with the relevant authorities

as they may be amended from time to time.

8 WATER ACTIVITIES

A number of activities are currently associated with deep water in

hybrid or competition pools.

8.01 Water polo

Water depth at Olympic standard should be not less than 1.8m, and

for lesser play, 1.2m. The fields of play are:

• Olympic standard 30� 20m

• Club standard 25� 10m.

The standards are shown in 18.73. However, the game can be

played as a recreation in a standard pool, 18.74. The field is marked

above water level at the pool sides. Space should be accessible for

the free movement of the referee and goal judges at goal lines.

18.61 Plan of 33 1/3þ metre pool, showing use as 25 metre pool plus

learner pool

18.62 Hybrid pool

18.63 Plan of a leisure pool

18-16 Indoor sports facilities

Page 18: MHB- indoor sports

18.64 Plan of 50m pool

a Plan b Longitudinal section

18.65 25m pool

a Plan

b Section

18.66 Learner pool

a Plan

b Section through pool

18.68 Hydrotherapy pool complex18.67 Plan of toddlers’ pool

Indoor sports facilities 18-17

Page 19: MHB- indoor sports

b Sectiona Plan

18.69 Diving pool (see Table V for dimensions)

Table V Minimum dimensions in metres for diving boards

Type of board Spring Spring Fixed Fixed� Fixed

A Board height� 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.5 10.0B Clearance forward 7.5 9.0 10.25 11.0 13.5C Clearance to sides 2.5 3.5 3.8 4.5 4.5D Clearance behind 1.5 1.5 1.25 1.5 1.5E Centre of adjoining board 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5F Clearance overhead 4.6 4.6 3.0 3.2 3.4G Depth of water 3.0 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.5H Depth maintained forward 5.3 6.0 6.0 8.0 10.5J Depth maintained to sides 2.2 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.0K Board length 4.8 4.8 5.0 6.0 6.0M Board width 0.5 0.5 2.0 2.0 2.0N Clearance forwards overhead 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.0P Clearance sides and behind 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75

Overhead

� The 7.5m board is mainly used for training.A tolerance of �0.1 is permissible on board height, relate all dimensions to front edge centre of each board.

a Plan

18.70 Olympic regulations diving platform assembly and pool

b Elevation from pool

c Side elevation and pool cross-section

18-18 Indoor sports facilities

Page 20: MHB- indoor sports

8.02 Synchronised swimming

This has become progressively popular over recent years and is

now performed up to Olympic standard. Water should be not less

than 1.8–2m. Provision should be made for underwater windows,

lighting and sound for coaching purposes.

8.03 Sub-aqua diving

Water should be not less than 1.5–2m in depth with a high degree

of clarity. Other requirements are:

• Water depths up to 5.5m for pressure valuation experience

• Compressor room of approximately 15m2

• Club room, 18.75, for approximately 50 people

• Storage space for equipment of approximately 15m, well

drained

• Specialist rooms for advanced training including seminar

rooms, club room, compressor store, equipment shop, separate

changing rooms and an office

• Snorkelling pool ranging in depth from 1.5 to 5m, with a diving

pit 7m deep and

• Access to the pool using suitable ladders, 18.76.

Details from the British Sub-Aqua Club.

9 LEISURE POOLS AND WATER FEATURES

9.01 Fun pools

Fun pools, 18.77, with irregularly shaped sides and a considerable

amount of shallow water space approximately 350–400m2 in area,

may have combinations of the following features:

• Wave-making machinery, 18.78

• Water cannons

• Underwater massage jets

• Waterfall

• Rapids/wild water, jungle river, lazy river/indoor–outdoor rides

• Whirlpool

• Jacuzzi spa bath

• Plume/water rides

• Slides

• Lagoons with Jacuzzi rest ledges

• Underwater lighting and sound.

9.02 Dryside facilities

Dryside facilities usually associated with the above may include:

• Health and fitness suites plus separate changing, toilets and

showers

• Beauty salon – massage, aromatherapy, manicure, hair

treatment

• Rapid-tan sunbeds

• Sauna, steam cabins

• Platform for concerts, receptions, fashion shows, steel bands

• Lighting to match

• Themed baths (Turkish, Roman, Japanese, Scandinavian)

• Creche, meetings room

• First-aid room

• Equipment store

• Landscape features normally themed to represent a tropical

setting

• Food and drinks points

• Administration/supervision/control points

• Travel agency/displays.

9.03 Hybrid pools

These, 18.62, are similar to leisure pools, but have a central area

25m in length marked out with four or six training lanes for serious

a Side view b Frontal view

18.71 FINA/ASA dimensions for diving facilities (see Table VI)

Indoor sports facilities 18-19

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Table VI FIN A/ASA dimensions for diving facilities (see 22.71)

Springboard Platform

1 metre 3 metre 1 metre 3 metre 5 metre 7.5 metre 10 metreLength 4.80 4.80 5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00Width 0.50 0.50 0.60 0.60 min 1.50 pref. 1.50 1.50 2.00Height 1.00 3.00 0.60–1.00 2.60–3.00 5.00 7.50 10.00

Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert. Horiz. Vert.

A From plummet back to pool wall Designation A–1 A–3 A–1 pl A–3 pl A–5 A–7.5 A–10minimum 1.50 1.50 0.75 1.25 1.25 1.50 1.50preferred 1.80 1.80 0.75 1.25 1.25 1.50 1.50

A/A From plummet back to platform Designation A/AS/1 A/A/.5/3.1 a/A10/5, 3, 1plummet directly below minimum 0.75 0.75 0.75

preferred 1.25 1.25 1.25

B From plummet to pool wall at side Designation B–1 B–3 B–1 pl B–3 pl B–5 B–7.5 B–10minimum 2.50 3.50 2.30 2.80 3.25 4.25 5.25preferred 2.50 3.50 2.30 2.90 3.75 4.50 5.25

C From plummet to adjacent Designation C1–1 C3–3, 3-1 C 1–1 pl C 3–3 pl, 1 pl C 5–3, 5-1 C 7.5–5, 3, 1 C 10–7.5, 5, 3, 1plummet minimum 2.00 2.20 1.65 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75

preferred 2.40 2.60 1.95 2.10 2.50 2.50 2.75

D From plummet to pool wall ahead Designation D–1 D–3 D–1 pl D–3 pl D–5 D–7.5 D–10minimum 9.00 10.25 8.00 9.50 10.25 11.00 13.50preferred 9.00 10.25 8.00 9.50 10.25 11.00 12.50

E From plummet to board to ceiling Designation E–1 E–3 E–1 pl E–3 pl E–5 E–7.5 E–10minimum 5.00 5.00 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 4.00preferred 5.00 5.00 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 5.00

F Clear overhead behind and each Designation F–1 E–1 F–3 E–3 F–1 pl E–1 pl F–3 pl E–3 pl F–5 E–5 F–7.5 E–7.5 F–10 E–10side of plummet minimum 2.50 5.00 2.50 5.00 2.75 3.25 2.75 3.25 2.75 3.25 2.75 3.25 2.75 4.00

preferred 2.50 5.00 2.50 5.00 2.75 3.50 2.75 3.50 2.75 3.50 2.75 3.50 2.75 5.00

G Clear overhead ahead of plummet Designation G–l E–l G–3 E–3 G–1 pl E–1 pl G–3 pl E–3 pl G–5 E–5 G–7.5 E–7.5 G–10 E–10minimum 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 3.25 5.00 3.25 5.00 3.25 5.00 3.25 6.00 4.00preferred 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 3.50 5.00 3.50 5.00 3.50 5.00 3.50 6.00 5.00

H Depth of water at plummet Designation H–1 H–3 H–1 pl H–3 pl H–5 H–7.5 H–10minimum 3.40 3.70 3.20 3.50 3.70 4.10 4.50preferred 3.50 3.50 3.30 3.60 3.80 4.50 5.00

J Distance and depth Designation J–1 K–1 J–3 K–3 J–1 pl K–1 pl J–3 pl K–3 pl J–5 K–5 J–75 K–75 J–10 K–10K ahead of plummet minimum 5.00 3.30 6.00 3.60 4.50 3.10 5.50 3.40 6.00 3.60 8.00 4.00 11.00 4.25

preferred 5.00 3.40 6.00 3.70 4.50 3.20 5.50 3.50 6.00 3.70 8.00 4.00 11.00 4.75

L Distance and depth Designation L–1 M–1 L–3 M–3 L–1 pl M–1 pl L–3 pl M–3 pl L–5 M–5 L–7.5 M–7.5 L–10 M–10M each side of plummet minimum 1.50 3.30 2.00 3.60 1.40 3.10 1.80 3.40 3.00 3.60 3.75 4.00 4.50 4.25

preferred 2.00 3.40 2.50 3.70 1.90 3.20 2.30 3.50 3.50 3.70 4.50 4.40 5.25 4.75

N Maximum slope to reduce Pool depth 30 degrees Note: Dimension C (plummet to adjacent plummet) apply to platforms with widths as detailed.dimensions beyond fullrequirements

Ceiling ht 30 degrees If platform widths are increased then C is to be increased by half the additional width(s)

Page 22: MHB- indoor sports

a Side view b Frontal view

18.72 Ponds Forge, Sheffield: diving stages

a For men

b For women

18.73 Water polo layouts

18.74 Water polo layout for a 25m� 12.5m pool

a Elevation

b Plan

18.75 Sub-aqua equipment store and compressor room

a Elevation

b Plan

18.76 Access to the pool for sub-aqua diving. Specially designed

removable steps assist a heavily laden diver

Indoor sports facilities 18-21

Page 23: MHB- indoor sports

swimming. Depths at either end of this area must be the same as for

normal 25m competition pools. Because the sides may be free-

form in shape and other features intrude (e.g. whirlpool, flume

rides), competitions cannot be judged properly.

10 MOVABLE FLOOR POOLS

18.79 shows a pool with movable floors; while 18.80 shows the

flexibility offered to 50 and 25m pools by movable floors.

Flexibility is further increased by the inclusion of two movable

floors and two laterally moving bulkheads.

18.77 Layout of leisure pool De Mirandabad, Amsterdam.

Architects: Architektenburo Baanders, Frenken

18.78 a Section through a leisure pool showing wave making

machine room and ‘beaching’ of pool b Sectional plan

of wave-making machine room

a Plan

b Cross-section

18.79 A 50m pool with ultimate flexibility. This has two movable

floors and two laterally moving bulkheads

a b

c d

e f

g

h i

j k

l

18.80 Various arrangements of the pool above: a 5:30–8:30 am,

club training and keep fit. b 5:30–8:30 am, alternative for club

training and keep fit. c 9 am to noon, public, school swimmers and

school non-swimmers. d A 9 am to noon, alternative for public,

school swimmers and school non-swimmers, e 4–6 pm, clubs and

public, f 4–6 pm, alternative for clubs, public, keep fit and lessons,

g 6–8 pm, synchro swimming or water polo, public and disabled

people. h 50m competition pool 2.4–3m deep, i 25m competition

pool constant 3m depth, j Twin 25m competition or training pools,

k Water polo: 30m� 20m, or 25m� 17m for women, 3m deep.

l Synchronised swimming: 25m� 20m by 3m deep

18-22 Indoor sports facilities

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11 POOL DETAILS AND LANE MARKINGS

11.01 Rest ledges

These are required around pool sides where the water depth

exceeds 1.2m, 18.81.

11.02 Raised ends and touch pads

Where pools are to be predominately used for competitions and

serious training, raised ends should be provided, 18.82, equipped

with touchpads, 18.83.

11.03 Edge channels

The present preference for deck level pools requires edge channels

designed for overflow purposes, finger grip and demarcation

between water edge and pool surround, 18.84.

11.04 Lane rope anchorage

This is for fixing lane booms on level deck pools and is usually

behind edge channels on pool surrounds.

11.05 Start-recall

A recall rope and flags are required 15m in front of the start for

competition use.

11.06 Lane markings in competition pools

These should be laid in accordance with FINA/ASA recommenda-

tions, 18.85 and Table VII.

11.07 Backstroke turn indicators

These are required 5m from end walls, 18.85.

11.08 Underwater windows

These may be considered for coaching and video. Underwater

lights may be required for environmental purposes.

12 CHANGING PROVISION

12.01 Facilities

Segregated changing facilities, 18.86, have been largely replaced

by the changing ‘village’ arrangement, 18.87, which is based upon18.82 Removable starting platform

18.83 a Touch pad to conform to FINA regulations, b Touch pad

for ASA Championship requirements in 25m pools

18.84 Edge details for deck level pools

18.81 Rest ledge

Indoor sports facilities 18-23

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separation of dry and wet footpaths to and from changing cubicles.

Minimum cubicles are shown in 18.88, but it is important to

provide a proportion of larger cubicles for the use of families and

disabled people.

12.02 Other arrangements

Toilets should be positioned between lockers and poolside.

Precleanse footbaths are no longer mandatory although foot sprays

are still desirable. Showers are largely for after-swim shampooing.

Hairdrying facilities are desirable close to changing room exits.

12.03 Sauna and steam rooms

These may also form part of the ‘village’, 18.87.

13 PROVISION FOR DISABLED PEOPLE

13.01 Disabled people

Consideration for disabled people is mandatory. As well as wheel-

chair users this includes people with impaired vision and those

with learning difficulties. Wheelchair users may be provided for

either in the changing village or alternatively in rooms around the

pool, 18.89 and 18.90. The disappearance of the footbath has eased

wheelchair access to the poolside.

13.02 Deck level pools

These also improve access into and out of the water for disabled

people. Chair hoists are still sometimes provided for this purpose

although they are often disliked by users for the attention they

cause.

a 50 m pool to Olympic standard

b 25 metre and 331⁄3 m pools

18.85 Lane and other marking required for competitive swimming

Table VII Dimensions of lane markings in metres

FINA/ASA50 m pools

ASA25 m pools

A Width of lane markings, end lines, targets 0.25 � 0.05 0.2 � 0.05B Length of end wall targets 0.5 � 0.05 0.5 � 0.05C Depth to centre of end wall targets 0.3 � 0.05 0.3 � 0.05D Length of lane marker cross line 1.0 � 0.05 0.8 � 0.05E Width of racing lanes 2.5 2.0F Distance from cross line to end wall 2.0 � 0.05 2.0 � 0.05G Touch pad 2.4 � 0.05 1.9 � 0.05

18-24 Indoor sports facilities

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13.03 Other arrangements

Shallow water spa (bubble) areas are much liked by those with

learning difficulties.

Large, clearly marked signs, colour-coded footpaths and rails

are required for visually impaired people.

14 POOL CAPACITY ANALYSIS

As a rule of thumb, pool capacities may be determined by dividing

the water surface area by 2. Thus a 25� 13m pool can accommo-

date to reasonable comfort standards 325 � 2 ¼ 162 bathers.

Changing cubicles, lockers and car parking provision can be

based upon the same analysis plus the following allowances:

• Locker allowance based upon pool capacity, with a further 162

changing ¼ 324 lockers, usually in two- to three-tier

compartments

• Changing cubicle provision may be based upon a time factor of

5–10-min occupation per bather. Thus in any one hour 162

bathers in the pool plus a further 162 changing ready to enter

the pool ¼ 324 bathers � 10min ¼ 32 cubicles

• Car parking provision may be calculated thus: 324 bathers, 3

persons per car average ¼ 101 spaces þ a further allowance for

staff, disabled, etc. say 125–150 spaces.

15 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Geraint John and Kit Campbell, Ice rinks and swimming pools,

handbook of sports and recreational building design, Vol. 3 (2nd

ed), Butterworth Architecture and the Sports Council, Oxford,

1996

Geraint John and Helen Heard (Eds) Handbook of sports and

recreational building design, Vol. 2, Indoor Sports (2nd ed),

Architectural Press, 1995

The Oxford Companion to Sports and Games, Oxford University

Press, 1976, also as a Paladin paperback

Rules of the Game, Paddington Press, 1974, also as republished by

Literary Guild and Bantam Books

Information published by the ruling bodies for each particular sport

18.86 Traditional layout of changing rooms

18.87 Changing village. No segregation. Average cubicle

occupancy 4 minutes

a Plan b Section

18.88 Changing cubicle

18.89 Minimum changing provision for disabled people

18.90 Better provision for disabled people

Indoor sports facilities 18-25